翻译理论与实践论文和译评

翻译实践报告总结翻译实践报告范⽂3篇翻译实践报告总结翻译实践报告范⽂3篇 总结是对某⼀特定时间段内的学习和⼯作⽣活等表现情况加以回顾和分析的⼀种书⾯材料，通过它可以全⾯地、系统地了解以往的学习和⼯作情况，不妨让我们认真地完成总结吧。

那么总结要注意有什么内容呢？以下是⼩编为⼤家收集的翻译实践报告总结翻译实践报告范⽂3篇，仅供参考，⼤家⼀起来看看吧。

翻译实践报告总结翻译实践报告范⽂3篇1 My country and my people是林语堂先⽣于1933年⾄1934年间⽤英⽂写成，并⾸先在美国出版发⾏的⼀本书。

该书第⼀次较为系统地向西⽅宣传了中国和中国⽂化。

我们⼩组的任务是翻译My country and my people的第三章————Chinese Mind，每个成员负责⼀个⼩节，我翻译的是第⼀⼩节———intelligence。

⾸先，我们把整章都通读⼀遍，了解⼤致内容，但发现⽣词太多，难以理解，所以就上⽹查了⼀下作品的主要内容及林语堂先⽣的写作风格。

在该书中，林语堂⽤坦率幽默的笔调、睿智通达的语⾔娓娓道出了中国⼈的道德、精神状态与向往，以及中国的社会、⽂艺与⽣活情趣，并与西⽅⼈的性格、理想、⽣活等做了相应的⼴泛深⼊的⽐较。

林语堂先⽣⽴于客观的地位，⽆论是揭露中国的弊端还是陈述美好之处，都是站在叙述者的⾓度，所以我们要特别注意形容词褒贬⾊彩的翻译。

除此之外，我们要求在翻译时语⾔尽量简洁、⽣动，更贴切原⽂的风格。

我先把⽂章读两遍，第⼀遍查⽣词，第⼆遍勾出难理解的句⼦，第三遍再着⼿翻译。

⽂章⾥存在很多长难句，于是我就先翻译容易理解的部分，再根据上下⽂理解难点。

对于长句，先理清句⼦的语法和语义结构，翻译成短句，既符合汉语的习惯，⼜便于理解，也有名词需要加注解释才能理解。

如：Confucius long ago condemned the Jack Dempsey type of physical courage in his discipleTzulu，and I am sure he would have preferred a Gene Tunney who could be at home in circles of educated friends as well，我翻译为“杰克·登 普西（世界重量级拳击史上最有实⼒、最凶狠的重量级拳王之⼀）的⾎⽓之勇，我认为他更青睐吉内·腾尼（曾战胜杰克·登普西⽽荣登冠军宝座，后成为⼀位著名的企业家），既有⾎⽓之勇，⼜能安然于家，与读书⼈侃侃⽽谈”。

翻译理论基础学习收获一、翻译理论背景1.1 翻译学学科历史翻译实践活动的历史和人类文明的历史一样长久，西方翻译最早开始于公元三世纪，距今已有两千多年的历史。

作为文明古国的中国的翻译历史和西方一样悠久。

但由于对于翻译活动的认识存在诸多悖论，达不成一致意见，人们因追求所谓严整的体系、规范的术语而将历史上对翻译的传统认识排斥在理论之外，认为翻译学作为一门独立的研究学科才不过50多年的历史。

1972年，詹姆斯.霍尔姆斯(James S.Holmes,美国人）在哥本哈根第三届国际应用语言学大会上宣读了《The name and nature of translation studies》(翻译学的名称和性质)，这篇论文被普遍认为是翻译学科建设的奠基之作。

对研究翻译的人来说，传统的翻译理论也应该受到一定的关注。

1.2 翻译学学科框架在《The name and nature of translation studies》中，霍尔姆斯将翻译研究领域的名称命名为“translation studyies”，并勾画出了一套系统的翻译研究框架，图里（Toury,1995:10）将其绘制成下图，广为学界引用：图1 翻译学学科框架图在该架构中，翻译学的各个领域彼此之间相互联系，相互作用。

霍尔姆斯的翻译学框架图被视作翻译学作为独立学科建立的标志。

二、语言2.1语言和言语什么是语言？语言是人类所特有的用来表达意思、交流思想的工具，是人们进行沟通交流的各种表达符号系统，它是一种特殊的社会现象，是民族的重要特征之一，由语音、词汇和语法构成一定的系统。

符合随着社会历史的发展可变可塑，不是固定恒定的信号。

什么是言语？言语是人们利用语言进行交际的行为和结果，它是个人的意志和智能的行为和结果。

人们说话包括以下三个方面：（1）张口说话的动作，即“说话”的动作、行为，我们称之为言语动作和言语行为。

（2）说话所使用的一套符号，“说话所使用的词语、规则”。

Translation,as a discipline,has been a subject of considerable interest and debate among scholars,linguists,and practitioners alike.It involves the process of transferring meaning from a source language SL to a target language TL while maintaining the original messages integrity,style,and cultural nuances.The theoretical and practical aspects of translation are intricately linked,and understanding both is essential for effective translation work.Theoretical Frameworks1.Equivalence Theory:This theory,proposed by Eugene Nida,emphasizes the importance of functional equivalence between the source and target texts.It suggests that a translation should have the same effect on the target audience as the original text had on the source audience.2.Dynamic vs.Formal Correspondence:Nida also distinguished between dynamic or idiomatic equivalence,which focuses on the messages impact,and formal or literal equivalence,which prioritizes the form and structure of the original text.3.Skopos Theory:Developed by Katharina Reiss and Hans J.Vermeer,this theory posits that the purpose skopos of the translation should guide the translators decisions.It argues for a more functional approach,where the translator adapts the text to suit the target context.4.Cultural Translation:This approach,often associated with AndréLefevere and Susan Bassnett,considers the cultural context and the need to make the translated text culturally relevant to the target audience.Practical Considerations1.Linguistic Competence:A translator must have a high level of proficiency in both the source and target languages to accurately convey the meaning and nuances of the original text.2.Cultural Awareness:Understanding the cultural references,idioms,and expressions of both the source and target languages is crucial to avoid misinterpretation or offense.3.Technical Skills:Familiarity with translation tools and software can greatly enhance the efficiency and quality of translation work.4.Ethical Responsibility:Translators must maintain the integrity of the original text andavoid altering the authors voice or intent.5.Revision and Editing:A thorough review process is essential to ensure that the translation is accurate,coherent,and stylistically consistent with the original.6.Specialization:Translators often specialize in specific fields,such as legal,medical,or technical translation,where subjectspecific knowledge is as important as linguistic skills. The Interplay Between Theory and PracticeThe theoretical frameworks provide a roadmap for the translator,guiding their approach and decisions.However,the practical aspects of translation require the application of these theories in realworld scenarios.A translator must balance the theoretical ideals with the practical constraints of the translation task,such as deadlines,client requirements,and the specific characteristics of the source text.ConclusionTranslation is both an art and a science,requiring a deep understanding of language, culture,and the subject matter.Theoretical knowledge provides a foundation,but it is through practical application that a translator truly hones their craft.By integrating theory with practice,translators can produce work that is not only accurate and faithful to the original but also resonates with the target audiences expectations and cultural sensibilities.。

翻译实践报告范文(共7篇)翻译实践报告范文(共7篇)第一篇：文学翻译实践报告本次文学翻译实践报告主要基于一篇英文小说《The Catcher in the Rye》的翻译实践，旨在提升我的文学翻译水平和技巧。

在这篇报告中，我将分享我的翻译思路、挑战以及解决方法。

在进行文学翻译实践时，我首先聚焦于原文的意境和情感表达。

在保持原作者原意的前提下，我采用了灵活的翻译方式，以确保读者能够真切地感受到原作所传达的情感。

同时，我也注重处理语言的节奏和韵律，以使译文更具有文学的美感。

在实践过程中，我遇到了一些挑战。

比如，原文中存在大量的美国俚语和文化隐喻，这对于非母语翻译者来说是一项挑战。

为了解决这一问题，我不仅仅依靠字面意思进行翻译，还积极地进行文化背景的研究，并与母语人士进行讨论和交流，以确保译文准确传达原作的文化内涵。

另一个挑战是如何保持原文的节奏和韵律。

我注意到原作中存在许多反复和押韵的手法，这对于翻译者来说是一项极具挑战性的任务。

为了解决这一问题，我对原文进行了详细的分析，并采用了一些类似的句式和修辞手法来保持译文的节奏和韵律。

了解了文学作品的创作和翻译过程。

我将继续进行类似的实践，以进一步提升我的翻译水平。

第二篇：新闻翻译实践报告本次新闻翻译实践报告基于一条关于环境保护的新闻报道，旨在提升我的新闻翻译能力和专业知识。

在这篇报告中，我将分享我的翻译思路、挑战以及解决方法。

在进行新闻翻译实践时，我首先聚焦于准确传达新闻的核心信息和要点。

我特别注重对关键词的处理，以确保读者能够准确理解新闻报道的主题和内容。

同时，我也注意到新闻报道的时效性，尽量保持译文的及时性和可读性。

在实践过程中，我遇到了一些挑战。

新闻报道通常使用简洁明了的语言，对于非母语翻译者来说，保持译文的简洁和准确是一项挑战。

为了解决这一问题，我采用了精炼的表达方式，并尽量避免冗长的句子和用词，以使译文更符合新闻报道的特点。

另一个挑战是如何处理不同国家和地区的文化差异。

翻译实践报告总结翻译实践报告范文3篇当一个好的翻译不仅需要强大的基础知识，还需要不断的去实践，在实践中学习，在实践中验证。

为您精心挑选了几篇关于翻译实践报告总结的优秀范文，感兴趣的快来一起学习吧!希望能够对你有帮助!翻译实践报告总结1一. 实习目的：为了使自己更加深入了解英语在社会和实际工作中的应用，丰富已学过的专业课内容，培养理论联系实际的能力，提高在语言应用中分析问题及解决问题的实际能力。

为了更好地为完成毕业论文打下基础，为了以后工作的顺利进行。

通过实习，还应了解英语在外贸，及涉外和服务行业中的重要地位，了解和积累更多的实践经验，培养热爱专业，献身国家建设的思想。

我们使用相关专业课教材，及实习单位提供的相关材料通过参与一个完整的笔译过程(资料,情报翻译)或口译过程(涉外接待,贸易谈判等), 使自己掌握和提高熟练使用英语的技能。

实习单位的介绍：翻译公司是本市的一家经工商局审批注册的专为国内外各机构和个人提供专业翻译服务的企业。

拥有各行业的专业翻译人员、高级审译顾问、外籍专家、审译人员、留学回国人员等组成的优秀工作团队。

本公司坚持“以人为本”的指导思想，本着“团结拼搏,勇创一流”的精神，恪守“追求卓越挑战极限”的原则，积极为焦作地区的经济、文化和对外交流与发展，作出我们应有的贡献。

公司长期对外承接的翻译服务有：英、日、法、俄、德、韩、蒙、越南、阿拉伯、西班牙、意大利，等近40种语种与汉语不同形式的笔译，陪同口译，交替传译，同声传译等业务。

涉及机械、化工、汽车、金融、文学等各个领域。

我们实行的是“翻译—副译审—总译审”的三级质量管理体系。

合理的翻译运作流程、严格的质量控制体系、独特的译员审核标准以及完善的跟踪回访服务是我们优质翻译的保证。

我们始终信守诚实做人，踏实做事的原则。

秉承“竭诚为客户服务”的宗旨，用我们的辛勤工作换来沟通无限和您的微笑。

二.翻译过程的基本环节与具体要求(一)实际翻译程序可以归纳如下：1.快速翻译，侧重文体。

众包评估
通过众包平台邀请多人对译文进行评估，以获得更全面、客观的评估结果。众包评估可以降低成本，提 高效率，但需要注意评估人员的专业性和质量控制。
提高翻译质量的途径
提高语言能力
加强源语言和目标语言的学习，提高语言水平， 包括词汇、语法、句式和修辞等方面的能力。
掌握翻译技巧
学习和掌握各种翻译技巧和方法，如增译、减译 、转译、分译等，以提高翻译的准确性和流畅性 。
文化传递
在翻译过程中注意文化的传递，尽可能保留 原文的文化特色，同时考虑目标读者的文化 接受度。
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翻译质量评估标准与方法
翻译质量评估标准介绍
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准确性
译文是否准确传达了原文 的含义，包括词汇、语法 、句式和修辞等方面的准 确性。
流畅性
译文是否通顺流畅，符合 目标语言的表达习惯，易 于理解和接受。
翻译理论与实践
汇报人：XX
目 录
• 翻译理论概述 • 翻译实践技巧探讨 • 翻译质量评估标准与方法 • 机器翻译技术与应用前景 • 口译实践与技巧分享 • 翻译行业现状与未来发展趋势
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翻译理论概述
翻译的定义与本质
翻译的定义
翻译是将一种语言中的文本转换成另 一种语言中的等效文本的过程，涉及 语言、文化、交际等言的文化背景，包括历史 、文化、社会、政治等方面的知识，以避免文化 冲突和误解。
使用辅助工具
利用计算机辅助翻译（CAT）工具、机器翻译（ MT）工具等辅助工具，提高翻译效率和质量。同 时需要注意对辅助工具的使用方法和局限性有充 分了解。
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机器翻译技术与应用前景
机器翻译技术原理简介
翻译行业面临的挑战与机遇
挑战

翻译实践报告范文(共7篇)1. 引言 ................................................ ................................................... (1)2. 翻译过程分析 ................................................ ................................................... .....2.1直译法 ................................................ ................................................... ...............2.2排比、对偶句的处理 ................................................ ..........................................2.3语序调整 ................................................ ................................................... ...........2.4成语及四字词语的处理 ......................................................................................3. 结语 ................................................ ................................................... .....................参考文献................................................. ................................................... ....................1. 引言翻译是一门艺术，一门语言的艺术。

中南财经政法大学研究生课程考试试卷（课程论文）论文题目On the Aesthetic Effects of theTranslation of Haunting Olivia 课程名称翻译理论与实践完成时间 2015.2专业年级 2014级翻译硕士中文摘要文学翻译是语言再现的艺术, 是审美的翻译。

小说作为文学文本，是一种特殊的艺术形式，翻译小说的最终目的就是实现小说的审美再现。

本文以美国作家凯伦·罗舒的短篇小说《游魂奥莉维亚》为研究对象，分析了小说中的人物语言个性、人物塑造和修辞，介绍了小说的翻译过程。

并且本小说的中文翻译文本，以以上对小说的具体三方面的分析为基础，着重分析了本人翻译过程。

本文结尾还列出了本人在翻译过程中遇到的困难。

关键字：审美；翻译；人物语言个性；人物塑造；修辞AbstractLiterary translation is an art of language representation with aesthetic effect. As one kind of literary text, fiction is a special art form, and the aim of fiction translation is to represent the aesthetic effects. This paper analyzes character personalities reflected by their speech, characterization and rhetoric, introduces the process of translating this fiction. And this paper will emphasize on analyzing my translation process and some strategies and skills. Also, this paper lists some problems I have met during translation.Key words:aesthetic; translation; character personalities reflected by their speech;characterization; rhetoricContentsABSTRACT (2)Ⅰ. Introduction of the author (4)Ⅱ. Analysis of the short story (5)2.1 What is the story about (5)2.2 Aesthetic analysis of the source text (5)2.2.1 Distinct character personalities reflected by their speech (5)2.2.2 Vivid characterisation (6)2.2.3 Rhetorical beauty (7)Ⅲ. The analysis of source text’s translation (7)3.1 The translation of distinct character personalities reflected by their speech (7)3.1.1 The translation of linguistic meaning (8)3.1.2The translation of pragmatic meaning (9)3.2 The representation of vivid characterisation (10)3.2.1 The translation of portrait description (10)3.2.2The translation of action description (10)3.2.3The translation of psychological description (11)3.3 The translation of rhetorical beauty (12)3.3.1 The translation of metaphor (12)3.3.2The translation of symbol (12)Ⅳ. Problems in the process of translation (13)Ⅴ.What I’ve learnt from the project (15)Bibliography (16)Appendix (17)Ⅰ. Introduction of the authorKaren Russell (born July 10, 1981) is an American novelist and short story writer whose haunting yet comic tales blend fantastical elements with psychological realism and classic themes of transformation and redemption. Setting much of her work in the Everglades of her native Florida, she depicts in lyrical, energetic prose an enchanting and forbidding landscape and delves into subcultures rarely encountered in contemporary American literature.The vividly realized stories in her debut collection, St. Lucy’s Home for Girls Raised by Wolves (2006), revolve around a cast of adolescents, often parentless, caught between the worlds of childhood and adulthood, wilderness and civilization, island and mainland, the living and the dead. In her novel Swamplandia! (2011), R ussell revisits and expands on the opening story of her earlier collection, “Ava Wrestles the Alligator,” to explore the intricacies and consequences of a family’s grief following the death of their matriarch. Narrated primarily by its thirteen-year-old protagonist, Ava, the novel weaves together a chilling odyssey into a swampland netherworld; lush descriptions of the flora, fauna, and history of the Everglades region; and profound observations about human nature in the face of irreparable loss.Russell’s recently published collection of stories, Vampires in the Lemon Grove (2013), navigates new and diverse terrain, from a nineteenth-century silk factory in Japan, to a drought-ravaged homesteader settlement on the plains of Nebraska, to the traumatic memories of an Iraq War veteran. Through the wildly inventive premises of these and other stories, Russell is widening the scope of her already far-reaching and distinctive imagination.Karen Russell received a B.A. (2003) from Northwestern University and an M.F.A. (2006) from Columbia University. Her short stories have appeared in such publications as The New Yorker, Granta, Zoetrope, and Oxford American. She was a fellow at the Cullman Center (2010) and at the American Academy of Berlin (2012), and she has taught writing and literature at Columbia University (2006–2009), Williams College (2009), Bard College (2011), Bryn Mawr College (2012), and theUniversity of Rutgers, Camden (2013).Ⅱ.Analysis of the short story2.1What is the story aboutThe short story Haunting Olivia is about two boys，Wallow and Timothy took a crab sled to look for their little dead sister and describes the wonderful scene they saw and their deep missing for their sister during search. In the novel, crab sledding is the closest thing island kids have to a winter sport. Wallow, Timothy and Olivia often played this game. One day, they’d spent all day crab sledding down the beach, and Wallow and Timothy wanted to go to Granana’s house. But Olivia wanted to play for a while. While neither of them is willing to accompany Olivia who was only 8 years old. After giving her a final push that sent her racing down the slopes, they left. Sine then, Olivia disappeared for ever. Wallow and Timothy planned to look for their little sister by rowing crab sled, and they thought Olivia must be in a cave of Glowworm Grotto drawn by herself. They began working their way around the island to find that cave. This fiction describes what Timothy saw under the water wearing goggles, the night sky above the sea and the scene in the cave during the process of their searching for Olivia, and reflects their deep missing for Olivia.2.2Aesthetic analysis of the source text2.2.1 Distinct character personalities reflected by their speechFiction contains the aesthetic factors which hide in semantic information and exists in characters’conversation(Hu Anjiang, 2005). In the fiction, character personality is an important factor inducing or restricting the variations of language style. Words are the voice of the mind; words are the reflections of one person. So the characters’conversation is undoubtedly the best explanation of self image. The meaning of “words are the voice of the mind”is that the conversations can show characters’ ideological trend, convey the mood of characters and reflect the character'spsychology. That words are the reflections of one person means conversation can reveal one’s characters' personality and nature. In Haunting Olivia, all the conversations between characters convey a certain sense and highlight characters’distinctive individuality. Conversations between Wallow and Timothy, including conversations taking place when they try the goggles, their first booty, founding in the process of two people looking for Olivia. It vividly portrays two little lovely and innocent kids whose relationship is close; Conversations between Olivia and her brothers reflect Olivia is a naughty，smart and cute; Conversations between the two boys and Granana reflect Granana is a very simple old woman having experienced hardships……2.2.2 Vivid characterizationOne important feature of fiction is to shape a large number of the vivid characters. These images not only inspired but also move the reader, and bring reader into poetic realm, and let them own extremely rich aesthetic experience at the same time(Hu Xianyao & Lili, 2009). Here, I will analyze the vivid characters in this fiction from three aspects: portrait description, action description and psychological description(Liu Xinlei, 2011).Portrait description depicts the characters by describing the character's appearance, clothing and gesture, and it is a way of revealing characters’ thoughts and personalities of a way. This novel has many portrait descriptions in paragraph ten, these descriptions use extensive adjectives and similes which compare Olivia's face to red apple and compare the Wallow teeth to the tusks of warthog. Thus it vividly highlights the Olivia's cuteness and Wallow’s funny appearance. But the sentences in source text are hard to understand, so when translating into Chinese, translators should convert them into ones conforming to Chinese patterns. In addition to the portrait description, action description can also vividly shape the characters.There are a large number of action descriptions in the novel. Paragraph 25 vividly depicts the picture of Timothy jump from pier down to water. In addition, paragraph 30 also lively the pleasant scene of rowing crab sled on the beach. Theseaction descriptions are consisted of a series of verbs, so we should pay attention to choose the corresponding words during translation.Novelists prefer using psychological description to shape the characters. By describing characters’ inner world, the author can directly narrates the ups and downs characters’ emotion and shows the characters’mind and personality traits. Psychological description is well organized, and readers can logically see characters’rational spirit world. The psychological descriptions of Timothy after seeing the ghosts of dead children show that timothy was very scared. And the psychological description: "I'd rather drown in Olivia's ghost than have question look at me that way" shows us the struggle in Timothy’s spirit world.2.2.3 Rhetorical beautyNovelist can’t improve language skills and create charm language art without rhetoric. The rhetoric is a kind of language art, which can let reader have an aesthetic experience when reading a novel. Haunting Olivia uses a large number of rhetorical devices, such as:1. Aesthetic effects created by metaphorsCompared with simile, the relationship between ontology and vehicle are not directly express. Metaphor gives readers more vast space for imagination. This novel use metaphor for many times and make the source text vivid (Chen Dingan, 2004). The description of Olivia eyes and the scene emerging in Timothy’s mind after hearing grandfather used to take Granana skinny-dipping swim. All these show the aesthetic effects of metaphor.2. Aesthetic effects created by symbolIn the novel, symbol is a micro rhetoric as important as metaphor. In this novel, there are many descriptions of light in the cave including the light coming from the the caves, the light of glowworms and the light shadow on the stone at the bottom of cave. The description of the light symbolizes the Timothy’s mood changes.Ⅲ.The analysis of source text’s translation3.1 The translation of distinct character personalities reflectedby their speechJust as the analysis of character personalities reflected by their speech above, the aim of conversations is to depict characters and convey a certain meaning, so the translation is to translate meaning. But meaning has multiple levels, semiotics provides the most comprehensive meaning theory: As a kind of symbol system, language has three meanings: referential meaning, linguistic meaning and pragmatic meaning. Here I mainly analyze linguistic meaning and pragmatic meaning applied in my translation. Linguistic meaning refers to the relationship between the language symbols of the same language system. Pragmatic meaning refers to the relationship between symbols and the user, namely the relationship between language and its users( Xu Jun, 2014).3.1.1 The translation of linguistic meaningLinguistic meaning is owned by a certain kind of language, so it’s hard to keep it in the process of translation, but it does not mean it can not be conveyed. Linguistic meaning includes the sound system meaning, grammatical meaning, lexical meaning, syntactic meaning, etc. Please look at the following example:Source text：“I want my parents to stop sailing around taking pictures of Sudanese leper colonies. I want Wallow to row back to shore and sleep through the night. I want everybody in the goddam family to leave Olivia here for dead.”Target text：“我想爸妈不要旅行去拍苏丹拍一些麻风病人隔离区的照片；我想瓦洛划回岸上然后好好睡一觉；我想这个讨厌的家庭中每个人都让奥莉维亚死在这儿。

课程名称：翻译理论与实践本科三年级第二学期汉英/英汉互译选材内容主讲教师苗菊1．The New Breed of a Digital PlanetEmily Feld is a native of a new planet. While the 20-year-old university student may appear to live in London, she actually spends much of her time in another galaxy out there, in the digital universe of websites, e-mails, text messages and mobile phone calls. The behaviour of Feld and her generation, say expert, is being shaped by digital technology as never before, taking her boldly where no generation has gone before. It may even be the next step in evolution, transforming brains and the way we think.“One day, I went to meet a friend in town, and was about two minutes away when I realised I’d left my mobile phone at home. I travelled the five miles back to collect it. I felt so completely lost without it, I panicked. I need to have it on me at all times...” That's what makes Emily a “digital native”, one who has never known a world without instant communi cation.2．泼水节The Water-Splashing DayThe Water-splashing Day is the New Year Festival of the Dai nationality. According to the Dai’s calendar, it comes after the Tomb-sweeping Day, someday between April 13th and April 15th.Splashing water is the main celebrating activity at the New Year Festival of the Dai nationality. People splash water against one another, symbolizing to wash away thewhole year’s misfortune and to wish for health and safety in the New Year. There are two ways of splashing water. One is gentle splashing, while the other is free splashing. Gentle splashing is particularly for the elderly. With best wishes, people scoop a ladle of clean water and open the elder’s collar to let the water run down the back. The elderly who is splashed accept the blessings happily. Whereas free splashing has no fixed form, so that any tool such as ladle, basin and bucket are all allowed to be used. People chase after one another and splash water against each other freely. If one is splashed with more water, one feels all the more happy, for it indicates receiving the most wishes.3. MNEThe multinational enterprise (MNE), which is also called multinational corporations (MNC), is one of the major actors in the contemporary international arena, and its worldwide operations are now a decisive force in shaping the patterns of trade, investment, and technology flows among nations. The multinational enterprise system has become so important that it is impossible to understand the world economy without an appreciation of the roles of multinational enterprises as producers, investors, traders, and innovators on a global scale. National governments must also take this force seriously because of its impact on domestic production, employment, trade, and the balance of payments. Moreover, many governments view the multinational enterprises as a political threat, representing an intrusion into the national domain by a company which is controlled by a headquarters located in another country. Even in the United States, which is the home country of more than half of t he world’s biggest multinational enterprises, the multinational enterprise has come under growing attack by labor and protectionist groups who charge it with exporting jobs and technology to the detriment of the U.S. economy.Although multinational enterprise emerged from the world economic arena in the late 19 th century, the multinational enterprise as we know it today developed at an unprecedented speed during the 1950s and 1960s. At that time, dramatic improvements in communications and transportation and the massive liberalization of international trade and payments made it possible for multinational enterprise to operate on a global scale.跨国企业，也称跨国公司，是当今国际舞台上的主要角色之一。

毕业论文翻译实践报告毕业论文翻译报告本科毕业论文中文题目：《严肃点，我在开玩笑》（第一至三章）翻译报告外文题目: A Translation Project Report of Seriously, I’m 院系英语学院专业英语（翻译）年级学号xxxxxxxxxxxx学生姓名xxx指导教师xxx结稿日期2014年4月30日《严肃点，我在开玩笑》（第一至三章）翻译报告摘要本文是一篇翻译报告，翻译项目原文为美国著名日间节目主持人艾伦·德杰尼勒斯的《严肃点，我在开玩笑》(Seriously, I’m Kidding )第一至第三章节。

该作品的风格简单，语言朴实，无华丽辞藻的修饰，就是艾伦的随笔杂文，在书中表达了自己对社会某些现状的看法，对人应该具有的品质的想法等，表达口语化但又幽默风趣，正如她的脱口秀一样，富含美式幽默，如和读者进行面对面的交流。

同时，因该书语言较口语化，且因中美文化差异和思维方式的不同，对其中的某些语句不能完全领悟，所以很多西方国家的人觉得非常好笑的事情，我们却不能够完全领会其中的趣味。

所以该翻译报告的目的与意义就是在翻译过程中更好的了解中美文化差异，获得更多的翻译经验，以及有关翻译理论和实践的思考，分析文化差异与文化背景对语句理解，意义传达所造成的影响，希望通过自己的翻译实践心得，更好的理解这本书中蕴含的美国文化与幽默。

本翻译报告分为四部分。

第一，翻译项目介绍，包括项目背景、项目意义与报告结构。

第二，原作背景介绍，包括作者介绍、原文版本、主要内容介绍以及原文分析。

第三，翻译难点与翻译方法，包括翻译之前的准备工作，以及举例说明翻译过程中采用的翻译方法。

第四，总结翻译过程中的经验教训以及仍待解决的问题。

关键词：翻译报告；杂文翻译；翻译方法；直译；意译AcknowledgmentsThe paper benefited from my teacher and roommates. I could never finish thepaper without their help. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to them.On the completion of thesis, first and foremost, I would like to express myheartfelt gratitude to my supervisor, Professor Zhao Huijun, forher supervisor encouragement, guidance, care and valuable suggestions in the period of writing. During this time, my supervisor also gave me some contributed thoughtful insights, and these will be of great benefit to my future writing work. That help me a lot.My special thanks should go to all the participants of the present study. What I can never forget is the days spent with my roommates. Their warmestconcern, firmest encouragement and sincere friendship have always been with me during these four years.I thanks them all from the bottom of my heart. Their kindness and generositywould stay in my mind all my life.目录摘要i 致谢ii第一章引言11.1 项目目标11.2 项目背景11.3 项目意义1第二章原文背景22.1 关于作者22.2 关于原文22.2.1 原文版本22.2.2 主要内容22.2.3 原文分析3第三章翻译难点与翻译方法43.1 翻译难点43.2 准备工作43.3 翻译方法43.3.1 直译与意译43.3.2 增补法63.3.3 顺译法73.3.4 变序法73.3.5 其他翻译方法73.4 小结8第四章总结94.1 翻译经验 94.2 翻译教训 94.3 仍待解决的问题9 注释11 参考文献12 附录 1 原文13 附录 2 译文23毕业论文翻译实践报告篇二：翻译实践报告论文大二的下学，我的职责是俄语翻译，翻译一些资料。

翻译实践论文翻译实践在今天的全球化时代具有重要的地位和作用。

随着国际交流不断扩大和深化，翻译已经成为不可或缺的一部分。

本文将探讨翻译实践的重要性、挑战以及如何提高翻译能力。

首先，翻译实践在社会交流中发挥着重要的角色。

随着经济全球化的发展，各个国家之间的合作越来越频繁。

这就要求各国之间进行有效的沟通和理解。

而翻译作为一种语言桥梁，可以将不同语言和文化之间的障碍消除，使得各方能够有效交流。

因此，翻译实践对于促进国际交流、加深国家间的合作具有重要意义。

然而，翻译实践也面临着一些挑战。

首先，翻译要求译者具备一定的语言和文化素养。

不同的语言有不同的表达方式和习惯，因此要准确地传达原文的意义，译者需要对两种语言都有深入的了解。

其次，翻译需要求快速高效。

有时候，译者需要在极短的时间内完成大量的翻译任务，这对于译者的压力是很大的。

最后，翻译要求高度准确。

一个小小的翻译错误可能会导致整个文本的意义发生偏差，甚至引起误解。

因此，译者需要严谨细致地进行翻译，尽量避免错误的出现。

那么如何提高翻译能力呢？首先，译者可以通过不断学习来提高自己的语言和文化素养。

这包括学习目标语言的词汇、语法、用法等，并且了解不同语言背后的文化特点。

其次，译者可以积极参与翻译实践，不断锻炼自己的翻译技巧。

可以选择一些实际的翻译项目进行练习，提高自己的翻译速度和准确性。

同时，译者还可以参加翻译培训班或者参加一些翻译比赛，以提高自己的专业水平。

另外，译者还可以与其他翻译者进行交流和讨论，分享彼此的经验和技巧，互相学习和提高。

综上所述，翻译实践在当今的全球化时代具有重要的地位和作用。

然而，翻译实践也面临着一些挑战。

为了提高翻译能力，译者需要不断学习和实践，并不断提高自己的语言和文化素养。

只有不断努力和提高，才能成为优秀的翻译者，并为促进国际交流和文化交流做出贡献。

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翻译与评析毕业论文长期以来，翻译的宗旨是忠实地再现作者在原文中表达的意图。

传统语言观认为，语言不仅是一种表达工具，而且也是存在的组成部分，是人类的生存方式，具有精神创造性和隐晦性等特质，语言的意义发生在使用的过程中，具有动态性、规则性和开放性。

翻译作为一种语言活动，在实际操作中，往往会撼动传统的翻译观与译文忠实原则，扭转了翻译的忠实再现身份，而是将其转变为一个意义的再生过程，在这个独特的过程中，旧有意义被理解阐释与传递，新的意义被赋予创造。

探讨《哪吒之魔童降世》电影中文化信息的翻译当今中国已经进入发展的新时代，综合国力和国际地位不容小觑，世界各国也越来越关注中国的发展进程，不仅关注中国硬实力的腾飞，也希望对中国历史和中国文化有更加深入的了解，而中国也希望对外传播本国文化，让中国优良文化顺利走向世界。

影视作品是最贴近人民生活的传播媒介，自然体现出其在文化交流过程中的独特优势，而字幕翻译则为影视作品的对外传播搭建起至关重要的桥梁。

2019年，电影《哪吒之魔童降世》在中国内地上映，这部影片讲述了哪吒为摆脱“生而为魔”的命运束缚而不懈努力斗争的成长励志故事，体现出哪吒越挫越勇，永不言弃的精神品格。

该片自上映以来广受赞誉，并代表中国内地参选2020年第92届奥斯卡最佳国际影片。

字幕翻译在国内影片对外传播过程中发挥着至关重要的作用，不仅要准确传达原作内容，还要考虑日的语国家观众的文化背景，最大程度减少文化传播过程中的障碍。

因此，本文从纽马克交际翻译理论视角出发，探析该理论在处理电影中文化信息的翻译问题方面所发挥的作用，以期为该领域进一步的翻译研究提供新思路。

一、纽马克交际翻译理论英国着名翻译家和翻译理论家彼得·纽马克在其着作《翻译问题探讨》一书中提出“语义翻译”和“交际翻译”的概念(Newmark,1981),摆脱了翻译界一直以来局限于直译和意译的问题，开拓了翻译研究的视野，对翻译研究和翻译实践有十分重要的指导意义。

- 238 -校园英语 / 【摘要】杰里米•芒迪的Introducing Translation Studies: Theories and Applications一书的中文译本《翻译学导论——理论与实践》由数位教授、博士合译，商务印书馆出版。

该译本对翻译理论的学习者不无帮助，但在具体的词语层面上存在不妥之处。

本文指出其中一些翻译问题，旨在引起译者们对同类问题的重视。

【关键词】《翻译学导论》 翻译问题一、引言杰里米•芒迪教授的Introducing Translation Studies: Theories and Applications 一书出版于2001年，按时间顺序介绍了自古罗马时期以来的主要翻译理论，每一章末尾有一个运用该章理论的翻译案例。

2010年上海外语教育出版社将其原文引进，书名译为《翻译研究入门：理论与应用》。

而早在2007年，商务印书馆已出版了其中文译本《翻译学导论——理论与实践》，旨在让中国读者了解西方翻译理论发展进程。

在封底上有这样的文字：“本书各章均由任教于各高等院校的翻译学教授及博士译成，译文准确忠实，并照顾到中文读者的研习需要，适量保留外文原文，俾便查考。

”“文本是翻译研究的对象与翻译批评活动中的价值客体”，赖斯也认为，译者在翻译过程中应依据原文的文本类型来选择相应的翻译策略，并建议将文本分类方法运用于翻译批评。

按照赖斯的理论，原文为以内容为重的文本，内容大于形式，因此准确地传达原文内容成为翻译的主要任务，准确地翻译术语更是重中之重。

笔者经仔细研读，认为译文的文本类型、目的与原文一致，然而难免在微观层面上有疏忽。

译文有的地方未能做到准确传达原文信息，难以称得上“准确忠实”。

王程辉认为，“可商榷的翻译各有各的误区，大致有三类：第一是译者功力，第二是常识逻辑，第三是各方合译。

”就本书而言，译者功力毋庸置疑，主要的问题存在于常识逻辑及各方合译，若将上述问题解决，译文将更加完善。

分句法与合句法
分句法
分句法是指将英文中的一个长句拆分成 两个或多个短句进行翻译，以使译文更 加符合汉语的表达习惯。例如，“He is a good singer and dancer”可以拆分 成“他是一个好歌手”和“他是一个好 舞者”。
VS
合句法
合句法是指将英文中的两个或多个短句合 并成一个长句进行翻译，以使译文更加流 畅、紧凑。例如，“She is a doctor and she is also a writer”可以合并翻译 为“她既是一名医生，也是一名作家”。
意译
意译是按照原文的含义和精神进行翻译，不拘泥于原文的词序和结构。在意译时，需要摆脱原文的语 言束缚，用自然、流畅的语言表达原文的含义，同时保持译文的完整性和连贯性。
增译与减译
增译
增译是指在翻译过程中，根据原文的含义和语境，增加一些 必要的词语、短语或句子，以使译文更加完整、流畅和准确 。增译通常用于弥补原文的省略、补充背景信息、解释文化 概念等。
句子结构问题
总结词
句子结构问题是英汉翻译中的重要问题之一。
详细描述
由于英汉两种语言的句子结构存在较大差异，因此在进 行英汉翻译时，需要进行必要的句子结构调整。例如， 英语中常用长句和复合句，而汉语中则常用短句和简单 句。在进行英汉翻译时，需要将英文的长句和复合句拆 分成汉语的短句和简单句，或者将汉语的短句和简单句 整合成英文的长句和复合句。
商务翻译
总结词
商务翻译涉及商业、法律、合同等领域的文 本，要求准确、专业、规范。
详细描述
商务翻译要求译者具备相关领域的专业知识 ，能够准确理解并表达原文的含义。在翻译 过程中，译者需特别注意语言的严谨性和规 范性，以确保译文的准确性和合法性。同时 ，商务翻译还强调译文的流畅性和易读性，

英语论文翻译实践译后心得模板翻译是全国高等教育自学考试英语专业本科阶段的一门必考课程。

英汉翻译包括英译汉和汉译英，是一门实践性很强的课程。

下面由我为大家整理了关于英语论文翻译实践译后心得，供大家参考。

每当朋友知道我在广外高翻翻译专业的时候，他们一般会接着问：“你是翻译什么语言的?”可见，挺多人对广外高翻还是不太了解的。

所以首先呢，要跟大家明确一些高翻学院的信息—广外高翻学院本科只有一个专业：翻译专业，但不是各种语言的翻译，是英语和中文。

对于高翻学院另一个最常见的错误就是填报志愿。

在高考后那本厚厚的报考指南的书里，广外有两项专业很让人混淆——“翻译”跟“英语”。

因而经常有想报高级翻译学院的同学填错了志愿。

这里让我来解释一下：“英语”是英文学院的英语专业，高级翻译方向;“翻译”才是高级翻译学院的翻译专业。

所以想报高翻学院的同学们记住了，填的是“翻译”。

那么，这两个专业有什么区别呢?这样来说吧，英文学院的英语的学生毕业拿的是英文文学学位，高翻学院的学生毕业拿的是翻译文学学位。

也就是说，前者的专业是英语，翻译是方向，而后者的专业是翻译。

正如一位学姐说的“专业选得好，天天过得像高考”，翻译专业的学生日子过得并不轻松。

一方面，翻译是需要不断练习，通过日积月累的努力才能见成效的;另一方面，翻译要求扎实的语言功底和较宽的知识面，这使得我们需要不断地去学习语言，去了解尽可能多的知识。

我自身对翻译专业的感觉是：前途是光明，道路是相当艰辛的。

也因高翻学院是各种学霸出没之地，学习氛围是相当不错的。

当然，竞争也是存在的。

高翻学院最特殊的一点，就是研本一家亲。

在高翻这样一个小学院里，本科生跟研究生交流接触的机会相当多。

研究生跟本科生一起参加各类体育、学术比赛，一起办迎新晚会。

很多人都说高翻学院的迎新晚会是最温馨的。

获悉全球俄语笔译文学翻译大赛的相关讯息后，我就决定要参加这次比赛，对于广大的俄语学子来说，这是一次不可多得的展现自己的机会。