法律英语合同条款常用词汇

法律英语知识点归纳法律英语是指在法律领域中使用的英语语言和术语。

对于从事国际商法、国际仲裁、国际贸易等方面的工作人员来说，掌握法律英语是非常重要的。

本文将详细介绍一些常用的法律英语知识点。

一、法律体系及法律原则1. Common Law（普通法）：源于英国的法律制度，以判例为基础，注重司法判决的先例。

2. Civil Law（民法）：法律体系以法典为基础，强调通过法典和条例规范法律事务。

3. Statute（法令）：由立法机关制定通过的具有法律效力的规定。

4. Case Law（判例法）：法院对特定案件的判决和裁决形成的先例，对类似案件具有法律约束力。

5. Precedent（先例）：判决或裁决后的法律准则，被认为可以指导类似案件的判决。

6. Hierarchy of Laws（法律等级）：指不同法律的优先级别，一般按照宪法、法令、法律、法规、命令、条例等顺序排列。

二、合同法1. Contract（合同）：双方达成的协议，包括权利和义务。

2. Offer（提议）：要约，表明愿意与他人达成协议。

3. Acceptance（接受）：对提议的同意。

4. Consideration（对价）：作为一方履行合同义务的回报。

5. Breach of Contract（违约）：未能按照合同约定履行义务。

6. Force Majeure（不可抗力）：无法预见或控制的事件，免除违约责任。

7. Jurisdiction（管辖权）：法院对案件有管辖权的能力。

8. Damages（赔偿金）：违约方需支付给另一方的经济损失补偿。

9. Termination（终止）：合同约定的条件下，解除合同关系。

三、知识产权法1. Intellectual Property（知识产权）：由创造性思维产生的无形资产。

2. Copyright（版权）：保护个人作品的权益。

3. Patent（专利）：保护新发明的独特性和可产业化的权益。

4. Trademark（商标）：区分商品来源的标志。

常用法律英语词汇Common Legal English VocabularyIntroduction:Legal English is a specialized language used in the context of law, legal proceedings, and legal documents. Whether you are a lawyer, a law student, or simply interested in learning more about legal terminology, it is essential to familiarize yourself with the common legal English vocabulary. In this article, we will explore some of the most frequently used legal terms and their meanings.1. Contract Law:1.1 Offer: A proposal made by one party to another, expressing a willingness to enter into a legally binding agreement.1.2 Acceptance: The agreement to the terms of an offer, leading to the formation of a contract.1.3 Consideration: Something of value exchanged between parties as part of a contract.2. Tort Law:2.1 Negligence: Failure to exercise reasonable care, resulting in harm or injury to another person or their property.2.2 Liability: Legal responsibility for one's actions or omissions that cause harm or damage.2.3 Damages: Financial compensation awarded to a plaintiff for the harm suffered due to the defendant's actions.3. Criminal Law:3.1 Felony: A serious crime, typically punishable by imprisonment for more than one year.3.2 Misdemeanor: A less serious offense, usually punishable by a fine or imprisonment for less than one year.3.3 Guilty: The verdict rendered when a defendant is found to have committed a crime.4. Property Law:4.1 Real Estate: Land and anything permanently attached to it, such as buildings or structures.4.2 Title: Legal ownership of property, denoted by a document called a deed.4.3 Eminent Domain: The power of the government to seize private property for public use, with fair compensation to the owner.5. Intellectual Property Law:5.1 Copyright: Exclusive legal rights granted to the creator of an original work, such as a book, song, or painting.5.2 Trademark: A distinctive sign, symbol, or logo used to distinguish goods or services of a particular company or individual.5.3 Patent: A government grant providing exclusive rights to an inventor for a new invention.6. Constitutional Law:6.1 Due Process: The principle that no person should be deprived of life, liberty, or property without fair legal proceedings.6.2 Freedom of Speech: The right to express one's opinions without censorship or restraint by the government.6.3 Equal Protection: The guarantee that all individuals are treated equally under the law, regardless of race, religion, or gender.7. International Law:7.1 Treaty: A binding agreement between two or more countries, typically dealing with matters of international law.7.2 Diplomacy: The practice of conducting negotiations, maintaining relations, and resolving disputes between countries.7.3 Sanction: Measures imposed by one country or a group of countries to compel another country to change its policies or behavior.Conclusion:This article has provided an overview of common legal English vocabulary, encompassing various areas of law. Understanding these terms is invaluable for anyone involved in legal proceedings, studying law, or navigating legal documents. By familiarizing yourself with these terms, you will enhance your ability to comprehend and discuss legal matterseffectively. Remember to consult legal professionals for specific legal advice related to your situation.。

法律英语词汇学习1. 引言法律英语是法律学习的重要组成部分，掌握法律英语词汇是理解和运用法律文件的基础。

本篇文档将介绍一些常用的法律英语词汇，帮助读者更好地理解和运用法律英语。

2. 常用法律英语词汇2.1 法律文件在学习法律英语之前，首先需要了解一些常见的法律文件类型。

以下是一些常用的法律文件的英文表达：•Constitution: 宪法•Statute: 法令•Regulation: 规定•Ordinance: 条例•Decree: 法令/法令书•Directive: 指令•Treaty: 条约•Agreement: 合同•Contract: 合同•Memorandum of Understanding (MoU): 谅解备忘录2.2 法律流程和程序学习法律英语，也需要了解一些常见的法律流程和程序。

以下是一些常用的法律流程和程序的英文表达：•Lawsuit: 诉讼•Hearing: 审理/听证会•Trial: 审判•Appeal: 上诉•Verdict: 裁决•Judgement: 判决•Defendant: 被告•Plntiff: 原告•Witness: 证人•Subpoena: 传票•Petition: 请愿•Settlement: 和解2.3 法律术语掌握常用法律术语对理解法律文件和案件非常重要。

以下是一些常见的法律术语的英文表达：•Legal liability: 法律责任•Breach of contract: 违约•Intellectual property: 知识产权•Tort: 侵权行为•Negligence: 过失•Force majeure: 不可抗力•Injunction: 禁令•Liability insurance: 责任保险•Statute of limitations: 诉讼时效•Confidentiality agreement: 保密协议•Arbitration: 仲裁3. 学习方法3.1 阅读法律文件阅读法律文件是学习法律英语的重要方法之一。

常用的法律英语术语法律英语是一种特殊的语言体系，由法律术语组成。

对于研究法律的学生和从事法律工作的专业人士来说，熟悉常用的法律英语术语是非常重要的。

本文将介绍一些常见的法律英语术语，并提供简单的解释。

下面是一些常见的法律英语术语：1. Lawsuit（诉讼）诉讼是指在法院提起的一系列法律程序，目的是解决法律纠纷。

在诉讼过程中，原告向法院提出指控，被告进行辩护，并且法院最终做出裁决。

诉讼是解决法律争议的一种正式途径。

2. Plaintiff（原告）原告是在一起诉讼中提起诉讼的一方。

原告将被告带入法庭，并寻求法院对其主张的支持。

3. Defendant（被告）被告是在一起诉讼中被指控的一方。

被告需要在法庭上进行辩护，并试图反驳原告提出的指控。

4. Contract（合同）合同是由两个或多个当事人之间达成的法律协议。

合同规定了各方的权利和义务，可以是书面或口头形式。

合同是保障当事人权益的重要法律文件。

5. Breach of Contract（合同违约）合同违约是指合同一方未能履行其在合同中规定的义务。

当一方未能履行合同条款时，另一方可以采取法律行动来追求赔偿或解除合同。

6. Tort（侵权行为）侵权行为指的是一方在未获得另一方同意的情况下，通过行为或不行为给另一方造成了伤害或损失。

常见的侵权行为包括人身伤害、财产损失等。

7. Negligence（疏忽）疏忽是指一方在行为上未能按照合理的标准行事，从而给他人造成伤害或损失。

在法律上，如果被告以不合理的方式行事，并因此给原告造成了损害，那么可以被认定为疏忽。

8. Crime（犯罪）犯罪是指违反法律的行为。

根据犯罪的严重程度，有不同的刑事罪名和相应的刑罚。

犯罪行为可能包括盗窃、谋杀、强奸等。

9. Plaintiff’s Attorney（原告律师）原告律师是代表原告在诉讼过程中提供法律援助的专业人士。

原告律师负责收集证据、起草法律文件，并代表原告出庭。

10. Defendant’s Attorney（被告律师）被告律师是代表被告在诉讼过程中提供法律援助的专业人士。

法律英语词汇大全一、律师部分案件受理费 court acceptance fee案情重大、复杂 important and complicated case案由 cause of action案子 case包揽诉讼 monopolize lawsuits被告 defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件) 被上诉人 appellee被诉人 respondent; defendant本案律师 councel pro hac vice本地律师 local counsel毕业证 diploma; graduation certificate辩护词 defense; pleadings辩护律师 defense lawyer辩护要点 point of defense辩护意见 submission财产租赁 property tenancy裁定书 order; ruling; determination（指终审裁定）裁决书 award（用于仲裁）裁决书 verdict（用于陪审团）采信的证据 admitted evidence; established evidence草拟股权转让协议drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests查阅法条 source legal provisions产权转让 conveyancing出差 go on errand; go on a business trip出国深造 further study abroad出具律师意见书 providing legal opinion出示的证据 exhibit出庭 appear in court传票 summons; subpoena答辩状 answer; reply代理词 representation代理房地产买卖与转让 agency for sale and transfer of real estate 代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记 agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations代理仲裁 agency for arbitration代写文书 drafting of legal instruments待决案件 pending case当事人陈述 statement of the parties第三人 third party吊销执业证 revocation of lawyer license调查笔录 investigative record调查取证 investigation and gathering for evidence调解 mediation调解书 mediation二审案件 case of trial of second instance发送电子邮件 send e-mail法律顾问 legal consultants法律意见书 legal opinions法律援助 legal aid法律咨询 legal counseling法庭 division; tribunal法学博士学位 LL.D (Doctor of Laws)法学会 law society法学课程 legal courses法学硕士学位 LL.M (Master of Laws)法学系 faculty of law; department of law法学学士学位 LL.B (Bachelor of Laws)J.D ( juris doctor缩写，美国法学学士)法学院 law school法院公告 court announcement反诉状 counterclaim房地产律师 real estate lawyer; real property lawyer 非合伙律师 associate lawyer非诉讼业务 non-litigation practice高级合伙人 senior partner高级律师 senior lawyer各类协议和合同 agreements and contracts公安局 Public Security Bureau公司上市 company listing公诉案件 public-prosecuting case公证书 notarial certificate国办律师事务所 state-run law office国际贸易 international trade国际诉讼 international litigation国内诉讼 domestic litigation合伙律师 partner lawyer合伙制律师事务所law office in partner-ship; cooperating law office合同审查、草拟、修改 contract review, drafting and revision会见当事人 interview a client会见犯罪嫌疑人 interview a criminal suspect兼职律师 part-time lawyer监狱 prison; jail鉴定结论 expert conclusion缴纳会费 membership dues举证责任 burden of proof; onus probandi决定书 decision勘验笔录 record of request看守所 detention house抗诉书 protest控告人 accuser; complainant跨国诉讼 transnational litigation劳动争议 labor disputes劳动争议仲裁委员会 arbitration committee for labor disputes劳改场 reform-through-labor farm; prison farm利害关系人 interested party; party in interest律管处处长 director of lawyer control department律师 lawyer attorney; attorney at law律师惩戒 lawyer discipline律师法 Lawyer Law律师费 lawyer fee律师函lawyer’s letter律师见证 lawyer attestation/authentication律师见证书 lawyer certification/authentication/witness律师卷宗lawyer’s docile; file律师刊物lawyer’s journal律师联系 contact phone number of a lawyer律师事务所 law office; law firm律师收费 billing by lawyer律师网站 lawyer website律师协会 National Bar (Lawyer) Association律师协会会员 member of Lawyer Association律师协会秘书长 secretary general of Bar (Lawyer) Association律师协会章程 Articles of Lawyer Association律师业务室lawyer’s office律师执业证 lawyer license律师助理 assistant lawyer律师资格考试 bar exam; lawyer qualification exam律师资格证 lawyer qualification certificate民事案件 civil case民事调解 civil mediation民事诉讼 civil litigation派出所 local police station; police substation判决 judgment(用于民事、行政案件);determination(用于终审);sentence(用于刑事案);verdict(由陪审团做出)旁证间接证据 circumstantial evidence企业章程 articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw 企业重组 corporate restructure起诉状 information; indictment取消律师资格 disbar全国律师代表大会 National Lawyer Congress缺席宣判 pronounce judgement or determination by default人民法院People’s Court人民检察院People’s Procuratorate认定事实 determine facts上诉案件 case of trial of second instance; appellate case上诉人 appellant上诉状 petition for appeal涉外律师 lawyers specially handling foreign-related matters申请复议 administrative reconsideration petition申请加入律师协会 application for admission to Law Association申请人 petitioner; claimant申诉案件 appeal case申诉人（仲裁） claimant; plaintiff申诉书 appeal for revision, petition for revision实习律师 apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation period实习律师证 certificate of apprentice lawyer视听证据 audio-visual reference material适用法律 apply law to facts受害人 victim书证 documentary evidence司法部 Ministry of Justice司法建议书 judicial advise司法局 Judicial Bureau司法局副局长 deputy director of Judicial Bureau司法局局长 director of Judicial Bureau司法统一考试 uniform judicial exam送达 service of process诉讼 litigation; action; lawsuit诉讼当事人 litigation party; litigious party诉讼业务 litigation practice诉状 complaint; bill of complaint; statement of claim推销法律服务 promote/market legal service外国律师事务所 foreign law office委托代理合同 authorized representation contract委托代理人 agent ad litem; entrusted agent委托授权书 power of attorney物证 material evidence嫌疑人 criminal suspect项目融资 project financing项目谈判 project negotiating刑事案件 criminal case刑事诉讼 criminal litigation行政诉讼 administrative litigation休庭 adjourn the court; recess宣判 pronounce judgement; determination宣誓书 affidavit业务进修 attendance in advanced studies一审案件 case of trial of first instance与国外律师事务所交流 communicate with foreign law firms原告 plaintiff证券律师 securities lawyer证人证言 testimony of witness; affidavit执行笔录 execution record执业登记 registration for practice执业范围 scope of practice; sphere of practice; practice area 执业申请 practice application执业证年检 annual inspection of lawyer license仲裁 arbitration仲裁案件 arbitration case仲裁机构 arbitration agency专门律师 specialized lawyer专职律师 professional lawyer; full-time lawyer撰写法律文章 write legal thesis资信调查 credit standing investigation自诉案件 private prosecuting case二、诉讼法律案件 case案件发回 remand/remit a case (to a low court)案件名称 title of a case案卷材料 materials in the case案情陈述书 statement of case案外人 person other than involved in the case案值 total value involved in the case败诉方 losing party办案人员 personnel handling a case保全措施申请书 application for protective measures报案 report a case (to security authorities)被告 defendant; the accused被告人最后陈述 final statement of the accused被告向原告第二次答辩 rejoinder被害人 victim被害人的诉讼代理人victim’s agent ad litem被上诉人 respondent; the appellee被申请人 respondent被申请执行人 party against whom execution is filed被执行人 person subject to enforcement本诉 principal action必要共同诉讼人 party in necessary co-litigation变通管辖 jurisdiction by accord辩护 defense辩护律师 defense attorney/lawyer辩护人 defender辩护证据 exculpatory evidence; defense evidence辩论阶段 stage of court debate驳回反诉 dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim驳回请求 deny/dismiss a motion驳回上诉、维持原判reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling驳回诉讼 dismiss an action/suit驳回通知书 notice of dismissal驳回自诉 dismiss/reject a private prosecution驳回自诉裁定书 ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case补充答辩 supplementary answer补充判决 supplementary judgement补充侦查 supplementary investigation不公开审理 trial in camera不立案决定书 written decision of no case-filing不批准逮捕决定书 written decision of disapproving an arrest不起诉 nol pros不予受理起诉通知书 notice of dismissal of accusation by the court 财产保全申请书application for attachment; application for property preservation裁定 order; determination (指最终裁定)裁定管辖 jurisdiction by order裁定书 order; ruling裁决书 award撤回上诉 withdraw appeal撤诉 withdraw a lawsuit撤销立案 revoke a case placed on file撤销原判，发回重审 rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original court for retrial除权判决 invalidating judgement (for negotiable instruments 可流通或可转让票据)传唤 summon; call传闻证据 hearsay答辩陈述书 statement of defence答辩状 answer; reply大法官 associate justices; justice大检察官 deputy chief procurator代理控告 agency for accusation代理申诉 agency for appeal代理审判员 acting judge代为申请取保候审 agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving弹劾式诉讼 accusatory procedure当事人陈述 statement of the parties当庭宣判 pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court地区管辖 territorial jurisdiction地区检察分院 inter-mediate People’s Procuratorate第三人 third party调查笔录 record of investigation定期宣判 pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on a fixed date定罪证据 incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence冻结 freeze督促程序 procedure of supervision and urge独任庭 sole-judge bench独任仲裁员 sole arbitrator对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施 compulsory measures against impairment of civil action对席判决 judgement inter parties二审 trial of second instance二审案件 case of trial of second insurance罚款 impose a fine法定证据 statutory legal evidence法定证据制度 system of legal evidence法官 judges法警 bailiff; court police法律文书 legal instruments/papers法庭辩论 court debate法庭调查 court investigation法庭审理笔录 court record法庭审理方式 mode of court trial法庭庭长 chief judge of a tribunal法院 court反诉 counterclaim反诉答辩状 answer with counterclaim反诉状 counterclaim犯罪嫌疑人 criminal suspect附带民事诉讼案件 a collateral civil action附带民事诉讼被告 defendant of collateral civil action复查 reexamination; recheck复验 reinspect高级法官 senior judge高级检察官 senior procurator高级人民法院Higher People’s Court告诉案件 case of complaint告诉才处理的案件 case accepted at complaint告诉申诉庭 complaint and petition division工读学校 work-study school for delinquent children公安部 Ministry of Public Security公安分局 public security sub-bureau公安厅public security bureau at the levels of provinces,autonomous regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government公开审理 trial in public公开审判制度 open trial system公示催告程序 procedure of public summons for exhortation公诉案件 public-prosecuting case公诉词 statement of public prosecution公证机关 public notary office共同管辖 concurrent jurisdiction管辖 jurisdiction国际司法协助 international judicial assistance海事法院 maritime court合议庭 collegial panel合议庭评议笔录 record of deliberating by the collegiate bench和解 composition; compromise核对诉讼当事人身份 check identity of litigious parties恢复执行 resumption of execution回避 withdrawal混合式诉讼 mixed action基层人民法院basic People’s Court羁押期限 term in custody级别管辖 subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels 监视居住 living at home under surveillance监狱 prison检察官 procurator检察权 prosecutorial power检察委员会 procuratorial/prosecutorial committee检察院 procuratorate检察院派出机构 outpost tribunal of procuratorate简易程序 summary procedure鉴定结论 expert conclusion经济审判庭 economic tribunal径行判决 direct adjudication without sessions; judgement without notice纠问式诉讼 inquisitional proceedings拘传 summon by force; summon by warrant拘留所 detention house举报 information/report of an offence举证责任 burden of proof; onus probandi决定书 decision军事法院 military procuratorate开庭审理 open a court session开庭通知 notice of court session勘验笔录 record of inquest看守所 detention house可执行财产 executable property控告式诉讼 accusatory proceedings控诉证据 incriminating evidence控诉职能 accusation function扣押 distrain on; attachment扣押物 distress/distraint宽限期 period of grace劳动争议仲裁申请书 petition for labor dispute arbitration劳改场 reform-through-labor farm劳教所 reeducation-through-labor office类推判决的核准程序procedure for examination and approval of analogical sentence累积证据 cumulative evidence立案报告 place a case on file立案管辖 functional jurisdiction立案决定书 written decision of case-filing立案侦查 report of placing a case on file利害关系人 interested party临时裁决书 interim award律师见证书lawyer’s written attestation; lawyer’s written authentication律师事务所 law office; law firm律师提前介入 prior intervention by lawyer免于刑事处分 exemption from criminal penalty民事案件 civil case民事审判庭 civil tribunal民事诉讼 civil action民事诉讼法 Civil Procedural Law扭送 seize and deliver a suspect to the police派出法庭 detached tribunal派出所 police station判决 judgement; determination判决书 judgement; determination; verdict (指陪审团作出的)旁证 circumstantial evidence陪审员 juror批准逮捕 approval of arrest破案 clear up a criminal case; solve a criminal case破产 bankruptcy; insolvency普通程序 general/ordinary procedure普通管辖 general jurisdiction企业法人破产还债程序 procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of a business corporation起诉 filing of a lawsuit起诉 sue; litigate; prosecute; institution of proceedings起诉状 indictment; information区县检察院grassroots People’s Procuratorate取保候审 the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving 缺席判决 default judgement人民调解委员会People’s Mediation Committee认定财产无主案件 cases concerning determination of property as ownerless认定公民无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力案件cases concerning determination of a citizen as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity上诉 appeal上诉人 appellant上诉状 petition for appeal少管所 juvenile prison社会治安综合治理 comprehensive treatment of social security涉外案件 cases involving foreign interests涉外民事诉讼 foreign civil proceedings涉外刑事诉讼 foreign criminal proceedings申请人 applicant; petitioner申请书 petition; application for arbitration申请执行人 execution applicant申诉人宣誓书claimant’s affidavit of authenticity申诉书 appeal for revision; petition for revision神示证据制度 system of divinity evidence神示制度 ordeal system审查案件 case review审查并决定逮捕 examine and decide arrest审查起诉阶段 stage of review and prosecution审理通知书 notice of hearing审判长 presiding judge审判长宣布开庭 presiding judge announce court in session审判管辖 adjudgement/trial jurisdiction审判监督程序 procedure for trial supervision审判委员会 judicial committee审判员 judge审问式诉讼 inquisitional proceedings生效判决裁定 legally effective judgement/order胜诉方 winning party省市自治区检察院higher People’s Procuratorate失踪和死亡宣告 declaration of disappearance and death实（质）体证据 substantial evidence实物证据 tangible evidence实在证据 real evidence示意证据 demonstrative evidence视听证据 audio-visual evidence收容所 collecting post; safe retreat首席大法官 chief justice首席检察官 chief procurator受害人的近亲属victim’s immediate family受理 acceptance受理刑事案件审批表 registration form of acceptance of criminal case受送达人 the addressee书记员 court clerk书记员宣读法庭纪律 court clerk reads court rules书证 documentary evidence司法部 Ministry of Justice司法机关 judicial organizations司法警察 judicial police司法局 judicial bureau司法厅 judicial bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions, and cities under direct jurisdiction of centralgovernment司法协助 judicial assistance死缓的复核 judicial review（司法审查或复审）of death sentence with a retrieve死刑复核程序 procedure for judicial review of death sentence死刑复核权 competence for judicial review of death sentence送达 service of process送达传票 service of summons/subpoena送达诉状 service of bill of complaint搜查 search诉 sue; suit; action; lawsuit诉前财产保全 property attachment prior to lawsuit诉讼 litigation; lawsuit; sue; action诉讼保全 attachment诉讼参加人 litigious participants诉讼代理人 agent ad litem诉状 complaint; bill of complaint; state of claim特别程序 special procedures提起公诉 institute a public prosecution铁路法院 railway court铁路检察院 railroad transport procuratorate庭审程序 procedure of court trial通缉 wanted for arrest投案 appearance退回补充侦查 return of a case for supplementary investigation委托辩护 entrusted defense未成年人法庭 juvenile court无行政职务的法官 associate judge无正当理由拒不到庭 refuse to appear in court without due cause无罪判决 acquittal, finding of “ not guilty ”物证 material evidence先予执行申请书 application for advanced execution先予执行 advanced execution刑事案件 criminal case刑事拘留 criminal detention刑事强制拘留 criminal coercive/compulsory measures刑事审判庭 criminal tribunal刑事诉讼 criminal proceedings刑事诉讼法 Criminal Procedural Law刑事自诉状 self-incriminating criminal complaint行政案件 administrative case行政审判庭 administrative tribunal行政诉讼 administrative proceedings行政诉讼法 Administrative Procedural Law宣告失踪、宣告死亡案件cases concerning the declaration of宣判笔录选民资格案件询问证人 inquire/question a witness训诫 reprimand讯问笔录 record of interrogation询问犯罪嫌疑人 interrogate criminal suspect言词证据 verbal evidence要求传唤证人申请书 application for subpoena一裁终局 arbitration award shall be final and binding一审 trial of first instance一审案件 case of trial of first instance应诉通知书 notice of respondence to action有罪判决sentence; finding of “guilty”预审 preliminary examination; Pretrial原告 plaintiff院长 court president阅卷笔录 record of (by lawyers)再审案件 case of retrial再审申请书 petition for retrial责令具结悔过 order to sign a statement of repentance债权人会议creditors’ meeting侦查阶段 investigation stage侦查终结 conclusion of investigation征询原、被告最后意见 consulting final opinion of the plaintiff and defendant证据 evidence证据保全 preserve evidence证据保全申请书 application for evidence preservation证人证言 testimony of witness; affidavit支付令 payment order/warrant知识产权庭 intellectual property tribunal执行程序 procedure execution执行逮捕 execution of arrest执行和解 conciliation of execution执行回转 recovery of execution执行庭 executive tribunal执行异议 objection to execution执行员 executor执行中止 discontinuance of execution执行终结 conclusion of execution指定辩护 appointed defense指定仲裁员声明 statement of appointing arbitrator中级人民法院 intermediate P eople’s Court中途退庭 retreat during court session without permission仲裁 arbitration仲裁被诉人 respondent; defendant仲裁裁决 award仲裁申请书 arbitration仲裁申诉人 claimant; plaintiff仲裁庭 arbitration tribunal仲裁委员会 arbitration committee仲裁协议 arbitration agreement; clauses of arbitration仲裁员 arbitrator主诉检察官 principal procurator助理检察官 assistant procurator助理审判员 assistant judge专门法院 special court专门管辖 specific jurisdiction专属管辖 exclusive jurisdiction追究刑事责任 investigate for criminal responsibility自首 confession to justice自诉案件 private-prosecuting case自行辩护 self-defense自由心证制度 doctrine of discretional evaluation of evidence 自侦案件 self-investigating case最高人民法院the Supreme People’s Court最高人民检察院the Supreme People’s Procuratorate最后裁决书 final award三、民事法律法律渊源 source of law制定法 statute判例法 case law; precedent普通法 common law特别法 special law固有法 native law; indigenous law继受法 adopted law实体法 substantial law程序法 procedural law原则法 fundamental law例外法 exception law司法解释 judicial interpretation习惯法 customary law公序良俗 public order and moral自然法 natural law罗马法 Roman Law私法 private law公法 public law市民法 jus civile万民法 jus gentium民法法系 civil law system英美法系 system of Anglo-American law大陆法系 civil law system普通法 common law大陆法 continental law罗马法系 Roman law system英吉利法 English law衡平法 equity; law of equity日尔曼法 Germantic law教会法 ecclesiastical law寺院法 canon law伊斯兰法 Islamic law民法法律规范 norm of civil law授权规范 authorization norm禁止规范 forbidding norm义务性规范 obligatory norm命令性规范 commanding norm民法基本原则 fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则 principle of equality自愿原则 principle of free will公平原则 principle of justice等价有偿原则 principle of equal value exchange 诚实信用原则 principle of good faith行为 act作为 act不作为 omission合法行为 lawful act违法行为 unlawful act民事权利权利能力 civil right绝对权 absolute right相对权 relative right优先权 right of priority先买权 preemption原权 antecedent right救济权 right of relief支配权 right of dominion请求权 right of claim物上请求权 right of claim for real thing形成权 right of formation撤销权 right of claiming cancellation否认权 right of claiming cancellation解除权 right of renouncement renounce断绝关系代位权 subrogated right选择权 right of choice承认权 right of admission终止权 right of termination抗辩权 right of defense一时性抗辩权 momentary right of defense永久性抗辩权 permanent counter-argument right不安抗辩权 unstable counter-argument right同时履行抗辩权 defense right of simultaneous performance 既得权 tested right期待权 expectant right专属权 exclusive right非专属权 non-exclusive right人身权利 personal right人权 human right人格权 right of personality生命健康权 right of life and health姓名权 right of name名称权 right of name肖像权 right of portraiture自由权 right of freedom名誉权 right reputation隐私权 right of privacy私生活秘密权 right of privacy贞操权 virginity right身份权 right of status亲权 parental power; parental right亲属权 right of relative探视权 visitation right配偶权 right of spouse荣誉权 right of honor权利的保护 protection of right公力救济 public protection私力救济 self-protection权利本位 standard of right社会本位 standard of society无责任行为 irresponsible right正当防卫 justifiable right; ligitimate defence防卫行为 act of defence自为行为 self-conducting act紧急避险 act of rescue; necessity自助行为 act of self-help不可抗力 force majeure意外事件 accident行为能力 capacity for act意思能力 capacity of will民事行为 civil act意思表示 declaration of intention意思表示一致 meeting of minds; consensus完全行为能力 perfect capacity for act限制行为能力 restrictive capacity for act准禁治产人 quasi-interdicted person保佐 protection自治产人 minor who is capable of administering his own capacity 无行为能力 incapacity for act禁治产人 interdicted person自然人 natural person公民 citizen住所 domicile居所 residence经常居住地 frequently dwelling place户籍 census register监护 guardianship个体工商户 individual business农村承包经营户 leaseholding rural household合伙 partnership合伙人 partner合伙协议 partnership agreement合伙财产 property of partnership合伙债务 debt of partnership入伙 join partnership退伙 withdrawal from partnership合伙企业 partnership business establishment个人合伙 partnership法人合伙 partnership of legal person特别合伙 special partnership普通合伙 general partnership有限合伙 limited partnership民事合伙 civil partnership隐名合伙 sleeping partnership; dormant partnership私营企业 private enterprise; proprietorship法人 legal person企业法人 legal body of enterprise企业集团 group of enterprise关联企业 affiliate enterprise个人独资企业 individual business establishment国有独资企业 solely state-owned enterprise中外合资企业 Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise中外合作企业 Sino-foreign contractual enterprise社团法人 legal body of mass organization财团法人 legal body of financial group联营 joint venture法人型联营 association of legal persons合伙型联营 coordinated management in partnership协作型联营 cooperation-type coordinated management合作社 cooperative民事法律行为 civil legal act单方民事法律行为 unilateral civil legal act双方民事法律行为 bilateral civil legal act多方民事法律行为 joint act civil legal act有偿民事法律行为 civil legal act with consideration无偿民事法律行为 civil legal act without consideration; civil legal act without award实践性民事法律行为 practical civil legal act诺成性民事法律行为 consental civil legal act要式民事法律行为 formal civil legal act不要式民事法律行为 informal civil legal act要因民事法律行为 causative civil legal act不要因民事法律行为 noncausative civil legal act主民事法律行为 principal civil legal act从民事法律行为 accessory civil legal act附条件民事法律行为 conditional civil legal act附期限民事法律行为 civil legal act with term生前民事法律行为 civil legal act before death死后民事法律行为 civil legal act after death准民事法律行为 quasi-civil legal act无效行为 ineffective act可撤销民事行为 revocable civil act违法行为 illegal act; unlawful act侵权行为 tort欺诈 fraud胁迫 duress乘人之危 taking advanta ge of others’ precarious position以合法形式掩盖非法目的 legal form concealing illegal intention 恶意串通 malicious collaboration重大误解 gross misunderstanding显失公平 obvious unjust误传 misrepresentation代理人 agent本代理人 original agent法定代理人 statutory agent; legal agent授权行为 act of authorization授权委托书 power of attorney代理行为 act of agency委托代理 agency by mandate本代理 original agency复代理 subagency次代理 subagency有权代理 authorized agency表见代理 agency by estoppel; apparent agency律师代理 agency by lawyer普通代理 general agency全权代理 general agency全权代理委托书 general power of attorney共同代理 joint agency独家代理 sole agency居间 brokerage居间人 broker行纪 commission; broker house信托 trust时效 time limit; prescription; limitation时效中止 suspension of prescription/limitation时效中断 interruption of limitation/prescription时效延长 extension of limitation取得时效 acquisitive prescription时效终止 lapse of time; termination of prescription期日 date期间 term涉外民事关系 civil relations with foreign elements公共秩序保留 reserve of public order法律规避 evasion of law国籍 nationality国有化 nationalization法律责任 legal liability民事责任 civil liability/responsibility行政责任 administrative liability/responsibility刑事责任 criminal liability/responsibility违约责任 liability of breach of contract; responsibility of default 有限责任 limited liability无限责任 unlimited liability按份责任 shared/several liability连带责任 joint and several liability过失责任 liability for negligence; negligent liability过错责任 fault liability; liability for fault单独过错 sole fault共同过错 joint fault混合过错 mixed fault被害人过错victim’s fault第三人过错third party’s fault推定过错 presumptive fault恶意 bad faith; malice故意 deliberate intention; intention; willfulness过失 negligence重大过失 gross negligence疏忽大意的过失 careless and inadvertent negligence过于自信的过失 negligence with undue assumption损害事实 facts of damage有形损失 tangible damage/loss无形损失 intangible damage/loss财产损失 property damage/loss人身损失 personal damage/loss精神损失 spiritual damage/loss民事责任承担方式 methods of bearing civil liability停止侵害 cease the infringing act排除妨碍 exclusion of hindrance; removal of obstacle消除危险 elimination of danger返还财产 restitution of property恢复原状 restitution; restitution of original state赔偿损失 compensate for a loss; indemnify for a loss支付违约金 payment of liquidated damage消除影响 eliminate ill effects恢复名誉rehabilitate one’s reputation赔礼道歉 extend a formal apology物权 jus ad rem; right in rem; real right物权制度 real right system; right in rem system一物一权原则 the principal of One thing, One Right物权法定主义 principal of legality of right in rem物权公示原则 principal of public summons of right in rem 物权法 jus rerem物 property生产资料 raw material for production生活资料 means of livelihood; means of subsistence流通物 res in commercium; a thing in commerce限制流通物 limited merchantable thing禁止流通物 res extra commercium; a thing out of commerce资产 asset固定资产 fixed asset流动资产 current asset; floating asset动产 movables; chattel不动产 immovable; real estate特定物 res certae; a certain thing种类物 genus; indefinite thing可分物 res divisibiles; divisible things不可分物 res indivisibiles; indivisible things主物 res capitalis; a principal thing从物 res accessoria; an accessory thing原物 original thing孳息 fruits天然孳息 natural fruits法定孳息 legal fruits无主物 bona vacatia; vacant goods; ownerless goods遗失物 lost property漂流物 drifting object埋藏物 fortuna; hidden property货币 currency证券 securities债券 bond物权分类 classification of right in rem/real right自物权 jus in re propria; right of full ownership所有权 dominium; ownership; title所有权凭证 document of title; title of ownership占有权 dominium utile; equitable ownership使用权 right of use; right to use of收益权 right to earnings; right to yields处分权 right of disposing; jus dispodendi善意占有 possession in good faith恶意占有 malicious possession按份共有 several possession共同共有 joint possession他物权 jus in re aliena用益物权 real right for usufruct 使用权 right to use; right of use土地使用权 right to the use of land林权 forest ownership采矿权 mining ownership。

法律英语常用词汇一、法律英语常用词汇Otherwise1.in this Act,unless the context otherwise requires,........除非（本法案上下文）文义另有所措2.any person who by threats, persuasion or otherwise....任何人通过威胁、说服或者其他手段3.No contract shall be revoked otherwise than除非有....，合同不能撤销Provided that1.Provided that there is a breach by the seller, the buyer shall be entitled to a damage of US$400. 如果＝if卖方违约，卖方应向买方给付400美元的损害赔偿。

2.for the purpose of paragraph(4)only, the term "beneficial owner" means......., provided that ... 仅就第四段而言，“受益所有人”是指...，但是=but...For the purpose(s) of1. For the purpose of protecting the rights of the seller,...为了保护卖方的权利2. For the purpose of Article 3, Party A may send the notification to Party B for approval.为履行第三条，甲方可以向乙方寄送通知以核准3.For the purposes of this contract, "China" means ...就本合同而言，中国的意思是...NotwithstandingNotwithstanding any practice to the contrary, .....尽管实践中存在相反做法，....Where1.Where a defendant is fined and the same is not paid, thecourt may order an auction of certain property凡是被告被罚款，而没有给付罚金，法院可拍卖被告的某些财产2.In any of the following cases, damage shall be awared where:(a)....(b)....不译（省略）有下列情形之一的，可授予损害赔偿金Subject toSubject to this section, an appeal shall be brought in such manner,and shall be subject to such conditions as described in Art.3在符合本节规定的条件下，....受到第三条中规定条件的约束（制约，限制）Without prejudice to1.Without prejudice to section 24, the following shall be treated as properly executed.在不影响第24节规定的情况下，在不违反第24节规定的情况下，2.without prejudice to your own discretions, I hereby authorizeyou to take the following actions,... 在不损害、影响贵方的自由裁量权的情况下，本方在此授权贵方采取以下行动......In respect of =with respect toThe licensor shall conduct all legal proceedings in respect of any infrigement of the licensed trademark.授权人必须对一切授权商标的侵权行为采取所有的司法程序“就...而言”，“对于”Save/except as provided...Save as is provided in this Act, ....除非本法另有规定二、法律英语背景知识Source of law 法律渊源●Constitution●StatuteAct: single statute单行法Code:comprehensive statute法典Bill:legislative proposal法案，立法草案●Case Law法院必须执行制定法，制定法可以改变甚至废除普通法规则但是解释法律时就是指定法律，任何制定法必须合宪●Administrative regulation 行政立法Court system-three tiered三层法院系统●Trial court初审法院诉讼第一站，陪审团、法院审理，决定法律问题和事实问题●Appellate court上诉法院只审查法律问题，而不审查事实问题判决结果Affirm维持原判Reverse 撤销原判Remand 发回重审（上诉法院将案件发还给初审法院，要求初审法院按其指示对案件进行有限制的重审或完全重新审理或采取其他进一步措施）Jurisdiction 管辖权●一个法院对一个案子进行审理并作出判决的权利●Original .../Appellate ...●Federal Jurisdiction联邦管辖权联邦法，宪法，海商法诉美国联邦政府或其官员；诉大使或者外国代表；一州诉另一州或者另一州的公民，另一州的政府诉外国政府一州国民诉另一州国民或其政府联邦法院系统●District Court联邦地区法院一州范围内，●Circuit Courts of Appeals联邦巡回上诉法院中间上诉法院●Supreme Court最高法院大部分是上诉审，仅对如下案件有一审审判权：美国一个州诉其他州，涉及大使或其他官员------Writ of certiorari联邦最高法院签发给下级法院要求其将某一案件的诉讼记录移交给其审查的一种特别令状，是它选择复审案件的工具------Certificate 法院签发给另一法院的说明在本法院中发生的事项或所采取的措施的书面通知Authority法律根据Type of authority Mandatory persuasive Primary 有管辖权(jurisdiction)时没有管辖权时Secondary 除非被立法采纳，从来不是通常是Primary Authority●Case reporter判例汇编商业(west group);官方（美国联邦法院系统、州法院系统）CitationA v. B, 327 N.W. 2d 457, 460 ( wis. 1980)当事人姓名判例汇编卷号法院判例汇编的缩写版次起始页终止页pinpoint citation 作成年份●Statute,code,bill●Administrative regulations,ConsititutionSecondary resource●Legal encyclopedias●Legal periodicals●American Law Reports●Restatements●Uniform Law and Model ActsStare decisis先例拘束力原则●To preserve the harmony and stability●Like case, like treatment●垂直型先例拘束力原则，水平性先例拘束力原则●Distinguish:下级法院基于一些虚拟的不同点，注重于两者的区别，而不适用先例●......他州先例可能被选择适用，但是并非先例拘束力原则的表现，因为他州先例没有拘束力●一致意见(concurring opinion)一般是其后相类似案例的先例，但是，同意意见(concurringopinion)不是先例，因为虽然同意多数法官作出的判决，但对判决依据提出了不同理由Procedures诉讼程序●Complaint诉状原告提出，说明诉讼理由，对事实作出肯定性陈述●Demurrer/Motion to dismiss被告主张在法律上不足以支持原告的诉讼请求，提出抗辩，即便事实是真的●Motion for smmary judgment当事人对案件的主要事实不存在真正的争议或案件仅涉及法律问题时，动议要求法院不经过审理而及早解决案件的一种方式。

常用法律英语词汇(详细解释版)AAb initioAb initio是拉丁文,其意思是“自开始之时”或“从头开始”,可以直接翻译为“自始”。

在法律英语中,ab initio的使用频率较高,比较常见。

如:ab initio mundi(有史以来),void ad initio(自始无效)等。

详细Accordaccord在普通英语中的含义是符合,一致,在法律英语中则表示和解或和解协议,指指债务人和一个债权人达成的、以偿还部分债务免除全部债务责任的协议。

如reach an accord达成和解协议,accord and satisfaction和解与清偿等。

Accused被告Accused通常指刑事案件的被告,民事诉讼的被告称为Defendant;而申索案件中的被索偿的一方称为Respondent(答辩人)。

acquireacquire在普通英语中的含义是获得,获取,而且通常指通过后天的努力获得。

在法律英语中通常指对公司的购买,收购,我们通常所说的M&A,即是acquire的名词acquisition和merger的缩写。

如The foreign investor has acquired more than 10 PRC domestic enterprises engaging in related industries within a year. 外国投资者一年内并购中国境内关联行业的企业超过10个。

Acquittal罪名不成立刑事案件经审讯后,被告罪名不成立被释放,称为“The accused is acquitted”。

Acquittal是名词。

详见民法中和刑法中表达不同意思的“acquit”一文。

Actact在普通英语中的含义是行动,行为,在法律英语中通常理解为作为,与不作为forbear相对应。

如:Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the Minister may, on the recommendation of the Commission, direct the Commission to act or forbear from。

第1篇一、诉讼程序词汇1.诉讼（Litigation）2.原告（Plaintiff）3.被告（Defendant）4.起诉状（Complaint）5.答辩状（Answer）6.证据（Evidence）7.证人（Witness）8.审判（Trial）9.判决（Judgment）10.上诉（Appeal）11.执行（Enforcement）二、合同法词汇1.合同（Contract）2.要约（Offer）3.承诺（Acceptance）4.违约（Breach of Contract）5.解除合同（Termination of Contract）6.不可抗力（Force Majeure）7.违约金（Liquidated Damages）8.损害赔偿（Compensatory Damages）9.合同纠纷（Contract Dispute）10.合同法（Contract Law）三、劳动法词汇1.劳动合同（Labor Contract）2.试用期（Probation Period）3.解雇（Discharge）4.辞退（Resignation）5.工资（Wage）6.社会保险（Social Insurance）7.福利（Benefits）8.劳动争议（Labor Dispute）9.劳动法（Labor Law）10.劳动仲裁（Labor Arbitration）四、刑法词汇1.犯罪（Crime）2.罪名（Charge）3.被告（Defendant）4.辩护人（Defense Attorney）5.起诉书（Indictment）6.证据（Evidence）7.辩护（Defense）8.有罪判决（Guilty Verdict）9.无罪判决（Not Guilty Verdict）10.刑罚（Punishment）五、民法词汇1.民事责任（Civil Liability）2.侵权行为（Tort）3.合同责任（Contractual Liability）4.物权（Property Right）5.债权（Credit Right）6.人格权（Personal Right）7.婚姻法（Marriage Law）8.继承法（Inheritance Law）9.物权法（Property Law）10.债权法（Credit Law）六、知识产权法词汇1.专利（Patent）2.商标（Trademark）3.著作权（Copyright）4.商业秘密（Trade Secret）5.知识产权（Intellectual Property）6.知识产权法（Intellectual Property Law）7.专利侵权（Patent Infringement）8.商标侵权（Trademark Infringement）9.著作权侵权（Copyright Infringement）10.知识产权保护（Intellectual Property Protection）七、国际法词汇1.国际条约（International Treaty）2.国际法（International Law）3.国际争端（International Dispute）4.仲裁（Arbitration）5.调解（Mediation）6.国际法院（International Court of Justice）7.世界贸易组织（World Trade Organization）8.联合国（United Nations）9.国际商会（International Chamber of Commerce）10.国际投资（International Investment）以上是法律英语案例词汇的简要介绍，希望对您有所帮助。

法律英语词汇：17个法律术语1.contract，现在多译为＂合同＂，我以为不分场合、不分情况一律译为＂合同＂是不妥的。

因为我们中国人看见＂合同＂一词就想到一个书面的、写成一条一条的文件，可是contract一词的含义范围却要广泛得多。

contract不限于书面的文件，口头上也可订contract，打电话也可以订contract，甚至于不说话也能订contract，例如在报摊上付钱买份晚报或买票搭乘公共汽车。

contract就是有法律约束力的协议，只有较重要的contract才采取书面形式。

所以一般的、泛指的contract应当译＂契约＂，例如law of contract应当译＂契约法＂，较重要的、书面的contract才译＂合同＂，例如contract for the international sale of goods可以译＂国际售货合同＂。

2.intellectual property，不知道当初为何译成＂知识产权＂，以后竟然以讹传讹广泛沿用至今，而且订入法律，实在可叹！这个词组不论按字面上译、按含义译都不能译＂知识产权＂。

intellectual一词根本没有＂知识＂的意思，它与＂知识＂是两个不同的概念。

作为名词intellectual指＂知识分子＂，但是在intellectual property词组中intellectual显然是形容词而不是名词，何况＂知识分子＂与＂知识＂并不能划等号，即使退一万步对号入座地硬译，也只能译＂知识分子产权＂而不能译＂知识产权＂。

当然，译＂知识分子产权＂也是错的。

从含义上看，何谓intellectual property？它是指对于智力劳动所创造的智力产品或智力成果的权利，主要包括版权、专利权、商标权等，所以应该译为＂智力产权＂。

我们的前辈严复曾说，＂一名之立，旬月踟蹰＂，我们今天对待译名何等需要那样的认真精神啊！译名宜慎重，不要随便译，使用现有的译名也该慎重，尤其不要随便跟着别人使用、传播错误的译名，应该抵制错误的译名！3.joint venture.这个术语译时要当心。

常用术语总结一、基本概念及用法债权人：obligee债务人：obligor一方：one party对方\相对人：the other party；善意相对人：the other party in good faith债权:creditor’s right； right to performance; right债务/义务: obligation标的物：subject matter责任：liability要约：offer;承诺：acceptance;要约邀请：invitation to offer;要约人:offeror受要约人:offeree收件人：recipient代理人：agent被代理人/本人：principle行为人:person performing （such) act代理权：agency authority应当:shall可以：may不能：may not不正当：improperly有权做. . 。

：may； is entitled to do履行义务：perform obligation， render performance订立合同：enter into a contract； conclude a contract; form a contract带来损失：cause loss to . 。

损害利益：harm somebody’s interest赔偿损失：indemnify the other party for its loss由某人承担费用：expenses shall be borne by sb。

承担损害赔偿责任：be liable for damages各自承担相应的责任:bear their respective liabilities accordingly要求承担违约责任:hold . 。

. liable for breach of contract享有权利、承担义务:assume right and obligation二、各个条文中的术语合同订立采取。