A Woman on a Roof (presentation)

1.What did the man probably request?A) Quitting his job.B) Raising his pay.C) Drawing a quick conclusion.D) Making a quick decision.正确答案为B你选对了！解析：音频中女士让男士留下来，并承诺给他加薪（I'll give you a pay raise, so stay with us.），由此可以推断男士可能是要求加薪，所以选B。

ScriptW: Quitting? But why?M: I like my job, but I haven't had a promotion since I started. I don't think there is any future for me.2.Why does the man quit?A) He doesn't like his job.B) He is not promoted.C) He started his own company.D) He will go abroad.正确答案为B你选对了！解析：音频中男士提到，自从来这儿之后都没有升过职（I haven't had a promotion since I started），所以选B。

ScriptM: My sister started a new hobby—painting—a few months ago. She likes painting landscapes best, but she also enjoys doing still life.W: I envy her. I tried to paint in the past, but I have no artistic talent.3.What does the woman say about herself?A) She developed a new hobby recently.B) She enjoys doing still life.C) She is not good at painting.D) She likes painting landscapes best.正确答案为C你选对了！解析：音频中女士说自己没有绘画天分（I have no artistic talent），可以推断出她不擅长绘画，所以选C。

2024届中职高三英语二轮复习语法专项名词变复数说课课件（17张）(共17张PPT)Lesson Plan:Pluralize nounssyntaxContents1Text Analysis教材分析2Student Analysis学情分析3Learning Objectives教学目标4Teaching Procedures教学步骤5Summary and Homework总结和家庭作业6Teaching Reflection教学反思文本分析（Text analysis）1. 教学内容本节课的主要内容是三年级总复习教材语法名词部分第一节名词变复数。

名词是英语语言学习的一大词类，可以简要概括为东西或者事物的名称，在句子中常做主语或者宾语。

2.教学重点、难点（1）教学重点：本节课的内容教学的重点首先是能够在句中识别名词，其次是掌握名词变复数的方式。

（2）教学难点：课程的难点是掌握常见不规则名词的变化方式。

班级情况班级容量为48人，共六个小组组间成员程度基本相当，能够利用小组合作完成教学任务。

学生基础学习态度和学习兴趣学生学习态度基本端正，能够听从老师安排，但学习兴趣薄弱，自主性欠佳。

学生特点能够认识简单的词汇，词汇量在1600左右，语法薄弱，不能分清单词的词性和使用方法。

学生分析（Student analysis）教学策略（Teaching strategies）根据《中等职业学校英语教学标准》中职学生英语学习需掌握最基本的语法规则并能运用于语言实践，基于此要求，采用任务型教学法(Task-based Language Teaching)和语法教学The Deductive Method），依据学生学情，应用ppt教学课件，多媒体设备以及视频素材教学。

教学目标（Learning objectives）0203Learn and UnderstandTransfer and CreateApply and Practice01Objectives:1. Know about the defination of nouns and classification,also,the basic transfer rules.2. Apply these transformation rules to differently countable nouns，including regular and irregular words.3. Think broadly, deeply and differently about transfer rules.learning focusBased on English Learning Activity ConceptNouns0102030405Teaching procedurespresentation展示引导practice练习实践producton形成成果summary andHomework总结和家庭作业Greeting and Lead-in问候和导入Geeting and Lead-in (2’)1.Greeting: The teacher greets students in English.2. Lead-in: Watch a videonamed“ plural nouns” and Brianstorm（what is nouns )Purposes1. relieve students’ nervousness. Conect their basic knowledge to the studying objectives.2. Clarify the denifination of nouns and the classfication.Presatation(1’)特征变化方式单词一般名词直接加s teacher（teachers）以S、X、Ch、Sh、结尾的名词在词尾加-es box（boxes) bus (buses)watch(watches) dish(dishes)...以辅音字母+y结尾的名词变y为i+-es library(libraries) story(stories)...以O结尾的名词英雄爱吃土豆西红柿加-es hero(heroes) tomato(tomatoes) potato(potatoes)以f或fe结尾的名词变f、fe、为v，加-es knife(knies) leaf(leaves) chief(chiefs) roof(roofs)有的直接加s Presatation(2’)There are three women in building.There are few mice in our house.Happy children’s day观察下面的例子，采取课堂提问的方式，要求学生找出变形方式。

上学期⾼三英语⽉测检测试卷 英语是我们三⼤科之⼀，⼀直在我们学习中是很重要的，今天⼩编就给⼤家来分享⼀下⾼三英语，喜欢的就⼀起来阅读 上学期⾼三英语⽉检测试卷阅读 第Ⅰ卷 第⼀部分听⼒ (共两节，满分30分) 第⼀节 (共5⼩题;每⼩题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下⾯5段对话。

每段对话后有⼀个⼩题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关⼩题和阅读下⼀⼩题。

每段对话仅读⼀遍。

1. What does the man mean? A. The woman should wait until it stops raining. B. He will drive the woman home. C. He will go for a walk with the woman. 2. Where does the conversation take place?A. In a photo shop.B. At the airport.C. At the post office. 3. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Employer and employee.C. Mother and son. 4. How much does one ticket cost?A. $1.40.B. $4.30.C. $8.60. 5. What do the two speakers think of the newcomer?A. Humorous.B. Careless.C. Energetic. 第⼆节 (共15⼩题;每⼩题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下⾯5段对话或独⽩。

每段对话或独⽩后有⼏个⼩题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

Final paperAn Analysis of Virginia Woolf’s Thoughts of Gender and Gender Differences in To the LighthouseRequirements:Content: You may write a term paper on the following novels:1.The Catcher in the Rye2.To the LighthouseEvaluation:Abstract:Virginia Woolf(1882-1941) is a renowned English writer best known for her novels and essays. To the Lighthouse is one of her great works. This paper is mainly study three issues: feminism, the understanding of gender and the thoughts of gender differences.摘要：弗吉尼亚. 伍尔夫（1882-1941）是一位以小说和散文而著名的英国作家。

《到灯塔去》是她的佳作之一。

本篇论文主要研究的三个问题是：女性主义，对于性别的理解以及有关性别差异的思考。

OutlineTitle: An Analysis of Virginia Woolf’s Thoughts of Gender and Gender Differences in To the LighthouseⅠ.IntroductionⅡ. Body:A.Woolf and feminismB.Woolf’s androgynous visionC.Gender differences1.Definition of gender difference2.Woolf’s thoughts of gender differencesⅢ. ConclusionⅠ. Introduction:Virginia Woolf was born Adeline Virginia Stephen on 25 January, 1882 inLondon. She was an English novelist and essayist, regarded as one of the foremost modernist literary figures of the twentieth century. Her most famous works include the novels Mrs. Dalloway(1925), To the Lighthouse(1927) and Orlando(1928) and the book-length essay A Room of One’s Own(1929) with its famous dictum, “ A woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write fiction”Wang wenyan, a postgraduate of Hunan University in the paper Female Consciousness in To the Lighthouse analyzes two major female characters, Mrs. Ramsay and Lily Briscoe from the feminist criticism point of view. At first, she studies the growth of Virginia Woolf’s feminism and analyzes “Angel in the House”and “the undercurrent in Mrs. Ramsay”. This paper is very good at focusing on one topic that is Virginia Woolf’s feminism. It offers me some knowledge about feminism and makes me more familiar with this book.Cheng ying, a posts graduate from Zhengzhou University in her paper Virginia Woolf’s Art of Fiction in To the Lighthouse studies her typical stream-of-consciousness technique, musical methods, cinematic methods and poetic methods. And she mainly analyzes how these techniques used in the novel. Through reading this paper it is helpful for us to have a hint of Wool’f’s writing skills.Li songyue, a scholar of Zhengzhou University in his paper 《<到灯塔去>两性形象的象征意义阐述》he mainly studies the narrative strategy----symbolism and gender perspective. Through the comparison of different genders’ personality, action, thinking symbolic colors and finally comes out the conclusion that in the book To the Lighthouse some objects are the symbols of genders.But in this paper, what I want to study is gender and gender differences in the novel To the Lighthouse. I will talk about feminism, androgynous thoughts and genderdifferences in the novel.Ⅱ. Virginia Woolf’s Thoughts of Gender and Gender Differences in To the LighthouseA. Woolf and feminismFeminism is an intellectual, philosophical and political discourse aimed at equalrights and legal protection for women. It involves various movements, theories and philosophies, all concerned with issues of gender difference that advocate equality for women and that campaign for women’s rights and interests.Virginia Woolf’s feminist thoughts widely cover the fields of society, politics, ethics, aesthetics, etc. and the need for freedom for the female is the primary theme in her ethical scheme. Gender and politics, morality and psychological desire are mixed together inextricably in her presentation of human motivation. In spite of all of these, Virginia Woolf has never, even once in her life, admitted that she herself is an advocator for feminism and insists that what she did was just studying it. Here we can see the complexity of Woolf’s feminist position and the flexibility with which she may be read as a feminist.In To the Lighthouse, Mrs. Ramsay and Lily Briscoe are the two female figures that Woolf mainly describes. However, they impress the readers strikingly for their views about the way to realize their own dreams and to escape from nothingness. Through the reading of Woolf’s different descriptions of Mrs. Ramsay and Lily Briscoe, we may find Woolf’s thoughts of female in the novel.Mrs. Ramsay is a competent and intelligent housewife. She supports her husband by running the house smoothly and endures domestic anxiety alone so that the daily chores won’t interrupt Mr. Ramsay’s serious thoughts on reason and logic. She miraculously manages to run the house without disturbing her husband. The financial condition of the family is exposed by one of the guests, Mr. Bankes’ perception of the family. “The Ramsays were not rich, and it was a wonder how they managed to contrive it all. Eight children! To feed eight children on philosophy!” In fact, the wonder maker is Mrs. Ramsay. With herwisdom in housework she successfully shoulders the responsibility of house management without any help from her husband. Though she is worried about the household, she tries her best not to disturb him. The refrain of the bill for the greenhouse roof looms but she decides not to tell him. “She had it on the tip of her tongue to say, as they strolled, ‘It’ll cost fifty pounds,’ but instead, for her heart failed her about money, she talk ed about Jasper shooting birds …” Mrs. Ramsay feels it her obligation to keep the husband away from the worries of small daily family life.Being a good mother is another criterion of the ideal Victorian womanhood. Woolf depicts such a good mother in this novel. Mrs. Ramsay protects her children from disillusion. When her son, James hopes for a trip to the lighthouse the next day and the father declares bad weather, it is Mrs. Ramsay who insists upon the possibility of a clear day. In this way she protects the sensitive mind of the child, retaining hope and faith in him, which shows her reverence for the spirit in others. What’s more, Mrs. Ramsay also protects her children from the chaotic adult world. By intuition, she knows the world is full of misery and sufferings.Apart from Mrs. Ramsay, Lily is the other important female figure in To the Lighthouse. She admires and loves Mrs. Ramsay and shares a lot with her. However, their differences exceed their similarity. Compared with Mrs. Ramsay who is presented as an ideal woman of Victorian period, Lily represents the woman image of the new generation. She holds her unique views on marriage, which collides with the established and long standing Victorian customs of marriage. She develops her individual relationships with the opposite sex, which challenges the unitary relationship of marriage between the two sexes. She ventures into the career of painting, which has been the preserved domain of men. She courageously fights against any difficulties and obstacles that come in her way to self independence and self realization.B. Woolf’s androgynous visionAndrogyny is a term derived from two Greek words which can refer to either of two related concepts about gender: the mixing of masculine and feminine characteristics, as in fashion statements; or the balance of “anima and animus” in psychoanalytic theory. For Woolf, the psyche is composed of two parts, one male and the other female, and only when the two are fused into one will the mind be able to produce art.In Woo lf’s opinion, there exist two genders in human cerebrum –male and female and each pair forms a complementary whale. There is no apparent hierarchical order between them: the only dominance is the feminine part in the woman’s brain, and vice versa for man. Woolf’s choice of the word “fatal” is particularly important for an understanding of the high premium she places on androgyny. An importantaspect of Woolf’s argument for androgyny insists that writers should shun consciousness of their own sex when they write because pressures to conform to social gender roles create barriers that are “fatal” to creativity. She thinks that androgynous writing is not only an ideal, but also a reality. As for Woolf, “Perhaps a mind that is purely masculine cannot create, any more than a mind that is purely feminine”. She thinks that Shakespeare’s mind is a type of the androgynous of the man-womanly mind.C. Gender differences1. Definition of gender differenceThe term “gender difference” refers to a distinction of biologic al and/or physiological characteristics typically associated with either males or females of a species in general. In the study of humans, socio-political issues arise in classifying whether a sex difference results from the biology of gender. Some feminists see gender differences as caused by patriachy or discrimination, although Difference Feminism argues for an acceptance of gender differences. Conservative masculists tend to see gender differences as inherent in human nature, while liberal masculists see gender differences as caused by matriarchy or discrimination.2. Woolf’s thoughts of gender differencesWoolf’s thoughts of gender differences are formed through her understanding of the social prejudice towards all fields that related to women.There is no doubt that Woolf not only realizes the existence of gender differences and she also advocates protecting the existence. The gender differences are caused by two major aspects: the subjective social ideology that treats men and women differently and considers different genders should have different roles; and the objective existence of psychological and physical differences between different genders. These two aspects are respectively subjective cause and objective cause. In conclusion, the essence of Woolf’s thoughts of gender differences is: 1) admission of the existence of gender differences, in both subjective and objective aspects; 2) opposition to the subjective and prejudiced thoughts of genderdifferences; and 3) promotion of the objective gender differences and encouragement of the existence of such differences.In To the Lighthouse, Woolf presents clear portraits of male and femalecharacters. The characters she describes most carefully are Mr. Ramsay and Mrs. Ramsay. In the novel, the both Mr. Ramsay and Mrs. Ramsay want to create a harmonious atmosphere among people and try to be understandable to others. However, they have different outlooks on life and their attitudes and behaviors are also significantly different.In To the Lighthouse, Virginia Woolf discusses the influence of the traditional conception about different genders, which is the cause of gender differences. Mrs. Ramsay in the novel is the typical woman who is the slave fostered by men. Although she is not satisfied with the life of losing herself and lacking for self-confidence, she still worships her husband blindly, depends on her husband and subordinates to her husband. Besides playing the role of a virtuous wife and a lovely mother initiatively in the family and an elegant hostess in social situations, she still makes use of her influential power. Mrs. Ramsay does not only comply with social customs herself, she also impels others: she arranges for the marriage between Paul and Minta and tries to persuade Lily to marry Mr. Bankes. Under the influence of such traditional conception about different genders, Lily still feels that she can’t get rid of social prejudice to concentrate her attention on the art of painting although she is a woman having her own inclination. She always feels that she is just a second-class painter, and her works will not be hung on the wall to be seen by people. Furthermore, there is Mr. Tansley whispering in her ear, “Women can’t paint, women can’t write” obvious that her feeling of failure is caused by the influence of the traditional conception about different genders that women are inferior to men.Another great difference between different genders is that Mr. Ramsay is more realistic while Mrs. Ramsay more idealistic. This can be seen, in the very beginning of the novel, from the attitudes towards whether the Ramsays can go to the lighthouse the next day. Mrs. Ramsay says: “Yes, of course if it’s fine tomorrow, but you’ll have to be up with the lark,” then they will go to the lighthouse. These words convey an extraordinary joy to her son. But her husband comes over and refutes: “But, it won’t be fine”. What he says is the truth and the truth forever; he does not resort to deception and distort the fact, and he will not say some harsh words mildly and indirectly to satisfy others. Mrs. Ramsay comforts James: “But it may be fine –Iexpect it will be fine” (ibid.: 260). Although she has no idea about the weather of thenext day, Mrs. Ramsay is not only idealistic herself, but also wants to give her son comfort and hope. Mr. Ramsay, on the other hand, is not only rational as mentioned before, but also realistic, directly telling his son that the weather will not be fine and they can’t go to the lighthouse the next day. To Mr. Ramsay, the reality towers abo ve the rest, i.e., it’s much more important to respect the facts than to care for children. Therefore, his little son James is even anxious to kill him. As a philosopher, he may be skilled at explaining and dealing with everything in the world with his sense and logic. However, when he applies this kind of attitude to real life, such attitude seems so stubborn that he even denies human nature and suppresses others’ feeling, not only in his learning, but also in dealing with human relationship.The third difference between different genders lies in the aesthetic appreciations. Mr.Ramsay can’t feel the beauty of nature at all. In this novel, male characters come into society,engaging in scientific study. Thinking themselves as the creators of the culture, men talk about science and politics. Yet being deprived of the rights to receive education, women have to stay at home and stand beyond culture. Mr. Ramsay and Mrs. Ramsay have different reactions to the scenes of nature. For example, when Mr. Ramsay has a wal k with his wife by the seaside“he thought, looking at the land dwindling away… Poor little place,” but Mrs. Ramsay considers, “He said the mostmelancholy things,” and believes that “it was a perfectly lovely evening”.Ⅲ. ConclusionOn the whole, this dis sertation expounds on Virginia Woolf’s thoughts of gender and gender differences through the analysis of her thoughts of feminism manifested in her novel To the Lighthouse. From our analysis of the characters in the novel To the Lighthouse, we can see that Woolf’s perspective of women is unique. According to Woolf, women are not inferior to men in any field.In my opinion, the basis of Virginia Woolf’s androgynous theory has something in common with her thoughts of gender differences to a certain extent. Androgynous theory advocates that men and women command the chaotic world in their own way: men rely on their reason and logic; women rely on their intuition and self-awareness. In fact, what Woolf insists as part of her thoughts of gender differences is that mentend to be more reasonable than women and women more sensitive than men. In addition, Woolf’s thoughts of gender differences can be regarded as a bridge, connecting Woolf’s thoughts of feminism and androgynous vision.Virginia Woolf’s thoughts of wom en still have practical significance in our modern society. Nowadays, women’s social position has been greatly improved, but there are many unfair treatments of women in the society, especially in finding jobs. There are many women isolated in their families after marriage, which is partly caused by their insufficient confidence in themselves. So it is time to get rid of the biased thoughts of gender differences about women and women themselves should believe that they can do many things like men. However, as a matter of fact, women should realize that they have both advantages and disadvantages. In this sense, women should not reject all male qualities and they need to absorb some male qualities to become perfect ones. In this way, women and men can draw the strong points of others to offset their own weakness, so that our society can get a harmonious development. In short, Virginia Woolf has made a great contribution to English literature and she will always be remembered as one of the most prominent women writers in England forever.Reference[1] 程英. Art of Fiction in To the Lighthouse [D].郑州：郑州大学，2002[2]李嵩岳. 《到灯塔去》两性形象的象征意义阐述[D]. 郑州，郑州大学，2009 [2] 吴庆宏. 弗吉尼亚伍尔夫与女权主义[M]. 北京: 中国社会科学出版社, 2005.[4]. 王文艳. 《到灯塔去》中的女性意识[D].长沙：湖南师范大学，2001。

2023年北京石景山区高三一模英语试题第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I am never good at public speaking. Every time I was involved in a group project, I would always volunteer to be any role but the presenter. So, when my partner Emily offered to be the 1______ of our project, I was overjoyed.Unfortunately, on the presentation day, Emily fell ill badly. She had to stay home to rest.I was worried that she may 2______ the presentation, so I called her. As I spoke to her on the phone, it became apparent that I had to step up and present our project. I was filled with 3______. By the time I hung up the phone, I could hardly breathe.I had no 4______ but to make an alternative plan. I tried to 5______ my nervousness and focus on the task at hand. Pulling out a piece of paper, I wrote whatever I could remember on it with great urgency.With that piece of paper, I stood outside the classroom door, waiting for my turn. I tried to be calm, but as timepassed by, 6______ went through me and the waiting area seemed too small for me to 7______. When my name was called. I broke out into a cold sweat.In front of the judges, my hands failed in their attempts to remain 8______. All the while, my voice and hands were shaking. I tried to take shallow breaths and I felt I would fall apart anytime. Somehow, I 9______ to go through the entire presentation and deliver my speech as planned. 10______ my fear was not as hard as it seemed, and my alternative plan proved to be a success.1. A. recorder B. speaker C. designer D. organizer2. A. change B. give C. analyze D. miss3. A. relief B. excitement C. anxiety D. shame4. A. resource B. worry C. chance D. choice5. A. push aside B. let out C. hide behind D. hold onto6. A. sadness B. fear C. anger D. guilt7. A. rest B. cry C. breathe D. sigh8. A. steady B. flexible C. gentle D. strong9. A. pretended B. expected C. refused D. managed10. A. Understanding B. Overcoming C. Admitting D. Expressing第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

2023-2024学年天津市红桥区高二上学期期末考试英语模拟试题第I卷（选择题，三部分，共70分）第一部分：听力(共两节，满分15分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What are the speakers talking about?A. The man’s favorite festival.B. The man’s aunt.C. The man’s school bag.2. What time is it now?A. 9:40.B. 10:00.C. 10:20.3. What gift will the woman probably get for Mary?A. A pen.B. A music record.C. A movie ticket.4. When did the woman take a piano test?A. One week ago.B. One month ago.C. Two months ago.5. What does the man think of the game?A. Unimportant.B. Boring.C. Fair.第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）听下面3段材料。

每段材料有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段材料读两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。

6. Who is the woman?A. David’s classmate.B. David’s doctor.C. David’s teacher.7. When does David usually go to bed recently?A. Around nine thirty.B. Around ten o’clock.C. Around eleven o’clock.8. What did the man promise?A. He would take David to school.B. He would change his bad habit.C. He would help David with his studies.听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。

2021-2022年福建省龙岩市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题一卷(含答案) 学校:________ 班级:________ 姓名:________ 考号:________一、2.Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(20题)1.The early electric cars gradually disappeared because of______.A.gasoline-powered cars.B.technological restrictions.cking government's support.D.no profits and unfeasibility.2.Newton was never a good student and had never finished his university studies.A.YB.NC.NG3.The newer SAT II Subject Tests are supposed to assess students' ______ .A.ability to enter collegeB.knowledge of college studyC.level of versatilityD.knowledge of a subject4.The researchers who met at the Asilomar Conference Grounds agreed that robots will soon ______.A.be smarter than human beingsB.be able to control themselvesC.be more popular than the InternetD.be able to take over all our work5.De Coubertin amended the Olympic Charter many times.A.YB.NC.NG6.Television has invaded our culture so completely that that it even has effect on ______.A.the literary worldB.foreign countriesC.the highly-educated peopleD.those who don't watch TV at all7.Noise can not only spoil people's sleep and sanity, but also their hearing and health.A.YB.NC.NG8.How can we know whether our planned retirement spending will work?A.We can use some on-line retirement calculators.B.We can ask some people who have already retired.C.We can try to live below our means.D.We can conduct a kind of experiment of that life.9.Some types of depression are inherited form. generation to generation in ______.10.The short-lived, rapidly dispersed species are often called ______.11.According to the poll by the National Sleep Foundation，compared to that of women，the number of men with snoring problem is_____.rgerB.smallerC.nearly the sameD.quite different12.As the center site of the worship of Zeus, Olympia hosted the opening ceremony for the ancient Olympic games.A.YB.NC.NG13.A great slogan should remind people of the brand name, so the name should appear in the tagline.A.YB.NC.NG14.In the United States, your address is an important cue to ______.15.Best Time KeeperWaldo Wilcox knew there was trouble the moment he saw the mauled(受伤的) deer carcass, not far from one of the meadows where his cattle grazed.His dogs, Dink and Shortie, sensed it too—mountain lion. He grabbed his pistol and a rope from his truck, and said, "Let's get him." Then he headed up the mountainside, his hounds racing far ahead.Wilcox moved in long strides up the rocky grade. Still, it took some time before he topped the summit. The big cat was not 50 yards in front of him, its fangs(尖牙) bared, cornered by the dogs on a massive sandstone bluff.Wilcox gripped his gun. He hoped to take the mountain lion alive and sell it to a zoo; he'd done that before and made a tidy profit. Wilcox took quick aim, his pistol cracked, and there was a sudden silence as the animal fell limp to the ground.It wasn't until the red dust had settled and Wilcox's pulse had slowed that he gazed around. What he saw stunned him. High on the bluff lay an archeological(考古学的) treasure trove(珍藏物) large pieces of pottery, stoneshelters that once housed whole families, and domed structures that had held wild grains harvested centuries before Europeans set foot in North America. Wilcox made his discovery on the bluff almost 20 years ago—but it was not the first time he had found relics on his land. Since 1951, when his father bought the high valley Range Creek ranch, a year had seldom passed in which Wilcox did not come upon some spot of archeological interest. Occasionally he stumbled across burial plots.Native American CultureFor nearly half a century, he kept quiet about the riches, telling hardly anyone outside his immediate family what was hidden in the isolated valley 160 miles southeast of Salt Lake City. When he discovered a new site, Wilcox would note its location—then just let things be.Now the secret of Range Creek is finally out. Four years ago, forced by time to give up ranching, Wilcox, 75, sold his beef-cattle property in a deal that ultimately put the land in state hands. Thanks to Wilcox's silence, the 4,200-acre ranch is one huge, untouched archeological site. Today, scientists fromUtah's Division of State History and the University of Utah are busily cataloguing magnificent, previously unknown ruins on the property.What the scientists are learning at Range Creek has already begun to shed light on one of the greatest mysteries of Native American history—the fate of the Fremont culture, which had thrived in Utah for almost 1,000 years, then vanished virtually over-night in the 1300s.The very existence of the Fremont did not come to light until the late 1920s, when a Harvard University expedition discovered evidence of an ancient people who settled along the Fremont River in southern Utah. Farmers and hunter-gatherers who arrived in the region at about A.D. 400, the Fremont lived in one-room homes dug into the earth and finished off with stacked-stone wails and roofs made of reeds and mud. Carbon dating of corncobs found on the Wilcox ranch hint that Range Creek was buzzing with activity from roughly A.D. 900 to 1100.But right around the beginning of the 14th century, some great shift occurred. The drawings, pottery and structures particular to the Fremont culture ceased to be made anywhere. Some experts guess that other peoples pushed out the Fremont. Others speculate that some climatic event forced the Fremont to move south, where they may have integrated with other tribes.A Living Monument"In terms of history and archeological study, Range Creek is essential to the state," explains former governor Olene S. Walker. "It gives us a view into a period for which we have no written history." She is speaking primarily about the Fremont culture, but A World That Time Forgot. Even today, the valley resembles a world that time forgot.A.YB.NC.NG16.The author suggests that couples should give first priority to ______.17.Mark Twain seemed unhappy in his later years because his wife and ______ had died.18.Catherine Fredman was not worried about paying Mr. Fredman's ______. 19.Exercises in gratitude, kindness and optimism can make people happier--but only if they keep doing them and these exercises ______.20. It's safer for you to fish out and hold the card in hand before ______.二、3.Listening Comprehension(20题)21.(28)A.Five.B.Six.C.Seven.D.Eight.22.听力原文：M: Will the light rain prevent the scheduled flight from taking off on time?W: Of course, except when it lightnings rains and snows hard. So don't worry about that. The flight will depart on schedule.Q: What weather will not affect the departure of the flight?(13)A.Light rain.B.Heavy rain.C.Lightning.D.Heavy snow23.听力原文：W: Hey, John, are you OK? Why are you frowning?M: Well, I sort of(22)have a headache. I'll be fine after a glass of boiled water and some pain-killers. That happens a lot, and I always take one or two of them whenever a headache occurs.W: A lot? Seriously? Have you ever seen a doctor?M: Of course I have. Guess what? He just told me to take some pills or let it be until the headache was gone by itself. So, I chose the first.W: Then how did you get those pills? (23) On prescription?M: (23)I had no choice.W: Now I have to tell you for your own good that it will be pretty dangerous if you go on taking those pain-relievers like this.M: How come? It's only a kind of normal medicine, and I don't take many each time.W: Well, I've read an article that said, believe it or not, (24) although most people think pain-relievers are safe, they are in fact addictive, in the same way as heroin and morphine. Some people even visit the doctor regularly on purpose to satisfy their addiction.M: You must be kidding me! Does that mean I have made myself a drug addict or something? That's terrifying !W: Oh, don't be scared. As long as you are aware of it and pay some attention to the dose, your doctor is not likely to appear as a "drug dealer".M: (25) That sounds reasonable. It seems that I must take notice to these little white pills. Thank you for your information.W: My pleasure.(23)A.Drug addiction.B.A headache.C.Pain-killers.D.The woman's suggestion.24.(43)25.【B9】26.【B6】27.【B8】28.【B11】29.听力原文：W：As a well-known public speaker，can you give us some suggestions on how to deliver a good speech?M：(19)To begin with, you should ask yourself a question, that is, what does your audience need and want? It's better to question yourself before the speech．W：Why do we need to know their needs and wants?M：(21)If you are a public speaker Lit is absolutely essential to know how to capture and maintain the interest of your audience, which means you have to know what they want to know and what they want to hear．W：You mean we should pay special attention to the content of the speech，right?M：Yes．If you elaborate on facts and figures that everyone is already familiar with，then it is quite possible that you will actually lose the attention of those who are listening to your presentation．W：What should we do then?M：(20)Many successful speakers will summarize that part or add some different viewpoints to it．This is a good way to increase their level of understanding of the topic．If your audience cannot follow your speech．it's quite possible that they'll leave or doze off．W：How about body language? I see many speakers use a lot of hand gestures．M：Not only hand gestures，but also facial expression，body movement and even voice changes．It is always important to remember that sometimes，how you say something will have a larger impact than what you say．(20)A.Ask himself a lot of questions.B.Know his own needs and wants.C.Figure out what his audience is interested in.D.Put his notes in order ahead.30.听力原文：M: The program director said that we'd have to postpone the outing until Saturday because of inclement weather.W: It's a shame because all the food has already been ordered and will probably spoil.Q: Why was the outing postponed?(13)A.The food spoiled.B.The group was shameful.C.The weather was bad.D.The program director wanted to have it on another day.31.(44)32.(36)A.Sport events.B.Cultural activities.C.Counseling.D.Creative activities.33.听力原文：M：You know，I've been studying regularly，but I'm still not doing well in my history class．W：Maybe instead of studying in your room, you should seat yourself in a place that has fewer distractions.Q：What does the woman advise the man to do?(18)A.Find a quiet place to study.B.Change the conditions of his room.C.Find a more comfortable place to study.D.Avoid distractions while studying in his room.34.听力原文：M: The forecast calls for heavy snow again tonight. Aren't you glad we'll be getting away from this for a week?W: I sure am. But let's call tomorrow morning before we leave for the airport to make sure our flight hasn't been delayed or cancelled.Q: What does the woman suggest they do?(18)A.Call to see whether it will snow heavily.B.Check their flight schedule in the morningC.Listen to the morning weather forecast.D.Change their vacation plans.35.(17)A.It failed for lack of funds.B.It ended up fairly successful.C.It was suspended for the land dispute.D.It was difficult to complete and had to be stopped.36.(32)A.Interpersonal relationships.B.Kinds of social support.C.Ways to deal with stress.D.Effects of stressful condition.37.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down theTo be really happy and real safe, one ought to have at least two or three hobbies, and they must all be real. It is no use (36)______ late in life to say: "I will take an (37)______ in this or that. "A man may acquire great(38)______ of topics unconnected with his daily work, and yet get hardly any(39)______ or relief. It is no use what you like; you have got to like what you do. Broadly speaking, human beings may be (40)______ in to three classes: those who toiled to death, those who are (41)______ to death, and those who are bored to death. It is no use inviting the (42)______ or the professional or business man, who has been (43)______ or worrying about serious things for five days, to work or worry about trifling things at the weekend.It may also be said that rational, industrious, useful human beings are divided into two classes: (44)____________. Of these the former are the majority. The long hours in the office or the factory bring with them as their reward, not only the means of sustenance, but a keen appetite for pleasure even in its simplest and most modest form. (45)____________. For them the working hours are never enough. Each day is a holiday, and ordinary holidays, when they come, are just like enforced interruptions in an absorbing vacation.(46)____________.38.听力原文：For centuries, parrots have been prized pets because of their strange talent for imitating human speech. They are able to hear vocal ranges, memorize the tones, and then repeat what they have heard. Often this skill isused to entertain people. But recently, an Amazon parrot, named Baby, was able to put this ability to work by helping police break up a gang of burglars responsible for over＄50,000 in property theft.Baby helped the police to identify the gang of thieves. A recent robbery victim reported to the Baytown, Texas police that her parrot, Baby started acting strangely and saying new phrases after the robbery. Before the robbery, Baby had only a twenty-eight word vocabulary; afterwards, the bird started saying the additional phrases "Come back, Robert!" and "Come on, Ronnie!".The police detectives were delighted. Although one man had already been arrested, Ronnie and Robert were the names of their two top suspects who were believed to have aided the first man. Under questioning, this suspect explained what had happened. When the robbers entered the house, they heard Baby talking and thought that someone was home. Ronnie and Robert began running away, while the third man yelled for them to come back. Baby remembered this incident and recorded their voices in her memory.(33)A.A victim.B.A police detective.C.A robber.D.A pet bird.39.听力原文：W: I was a half-hour late for Professor Harrison's lecture thismorning. Could you lend me your notes, Jim?M: Sure. But you won't find anything in my notes. He didn't say anything important during your absence.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?(19)A.Jim's notes are not very good.B.Professor Harrison doesn't teach well.C.Mary should have come to the lecture earlier.D.Mary doesn't have to borrow notes from Jim.40.(31)A.The job must not ruin your talents.B.The job must be able to shape your personality.C.The job must set a pattern of life.D.The job must suit your interest.三、4.Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)(20题)41.How does the author most probably look at the African children?A.Much effort has to be made to change their life.B.He takes it his responsibility to change their life.C.Their sufferings deserve more worldwide concern.D.Their sufferings are resulted from shortage of fund.42.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A.How to Overcome Cultural Near-sightednessB.Different Cultural NormsC.Harms of Cultural BlindnessD.Deep-rooted Cultural Near-sighted43.Which of the following, if presented as the first sentence of a succeeding paragraph, would most logically continue the discussion presented in the passage?A.Timekeeping in medical tomography must be precise because the changes in travel time caused by density fluctuations are slight.B.To understand how ocean acoustic tomography works, it is necessary to know how sound travels in the ocean.C.Ships are another possibility, but they would need to stop every 50 kilometers to lower measuring instruments.D.These variations amount to only about 2 to 3 percent of the average speed of sound in water, which is about i 500 meters per second.44.New England Journal admonished doctors to ______.A.give the pills only to the severely overweight personsB.put clearer warnings on the drug labelsC.drop the prescriptions for the pills drasticallyD.take the obese patients off the drugs completely45. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A.96 percent of the earth's surface is covered by ice.B.Over 10 million square miles of the earth's surface are covered by ice now.C.Almost all of the ice sheets covering the land and glaciers in the mountains have been hidden.D.Most of the ice on the earth's surface is located in Antarctic and Greenland for the time being.46.Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. Nowadays, no document is safe any more. Counterfeiting. once the domain of skilled deceivers that used expensive engraving and printing equipment, has gone mainstream since the price of desktop publishing systems has dropped. In ancient times, counterfeiting was a hanging offence. Today, desktop counterfeiters have little reason to worry about prison, because the systems they use are ubiquitous (普遍存在的) and there is no means of tracing forged documents to the machine that produced them. This, however, may soon change thanks to technology development by George Chiu, an anti-counterfeiting engineer.His approach is based on detecting imperfections in the print quality of documents. Old-school scientists were able to trace documents to particular typewriters based on quirks (构槽) of the individual keys. He employs asimilar approach, exploiting the fact that the rotating (转动) drums and mirrors inside a printer are imperfect pieces of engineering which leave unique patterns of banding in their products.Although these patterns are invisible to the naked eye, they can be detected and analyzed by computer programs, and it is these patterns that Dr. Chiu has spent the past year devising. So far, he cannot trace individual printers, but he can tell pretty reliably which make and model of printer was used to create a document.That, however, is only the beginning. While it remains to be seen whether it will be possible to trace a counterfeit document back to its guilty creator on the basis of manufacturing imperfections, Dr. Chiu is now working out ways to make those imperfections deliberate. He wants to modify the printing process so that unique, invisible signatures can be incorporated into each machine produced which would make any document traceable. Ironically, it was after years of collaborating with printing companies to reduce banding and thus increase the quality of prints, that he came up with the idea of introducing artificial banding that could encode identification information into a document. Using the banding patterns of printers to secure documents would be both cheap to implement and hard, if not impossible, for those without. specialist knowledge and hardware to evade.Not surprising, the American Secret Service is monitoring the progress of this research very closely, and is providing guidelines to help Dr. Chiu to travel in what the service thinks is the right direction, which is fine for catching criminals. But how the legitimate users of printers will react to Big Brotherbeing able to track any document back to his source remains to be seen.By saying no document is safe any more, the author probably means _____.A.affordable printers make it possible for anyone to forge documentsB.the American Secret Service will be able to trace any documentC.every printed document will be secretly marked out through high-techD.counterfeiters have more advanced technology to use47.According to the passage, we know that "bulls, bears, and bubbles" has a history of about ______.A.200 yearsB.250 yearsC.375 yearsD.280 years48.【C9】49.(54)50.The passage points out that to identity, with others is less important than to identify with ______.51.The writer says that primates show little hostility ______.A.towards soldiers and other human beingsB.except towards animals such as lions, leopards, tigers or wild catsC.unless their own particular area is invadedD.towards other groups of the same species of monkey or ape52.Parents of wailing (哀号) babies, take comfort: You are not alone. Chimpanzee babies fuss. Sea gull chicks squawk. Burying beetle larvae tap their parents' legs. Throughout the animal kingdom, babies know how to get their parents' attention. Exactly why evolution has produced all this fussing, squawking and tapping is a question many biologists are trying to answer. Someday, that answer may shed some light on the mystery of crying in human babies. "It may point researchers in the right direction to find the causes of excessive crying," said Joseph Soltis, a bioacoustics expert at Disney's AnimalKingdom in Lake Buena Vista, Florida. Soltis published an article on the evolution of crying in the current issue of Behavioral and Brain Sciences. Young animals vary in how much they cry, squawk or otherwise communicate with their parents, and studies with mice, beetles and monkeys show that this variation is partly based on genes. Some level of crying in humans, of course, is based on gas pains and messy diapers. But as for the genetic contribution, you might expect that natural selection would favor genes for noisier children, since they would get more attention.Before long, however, this sort of deception may be ruinous. If the signals of offspring became totally unreliable, parents would no longer benefit from paying attention. Some evolutionary biologists have proposed that natural selection should therefore favor so-called honest advertisements. Some biologists have speculated that these honest advertisements may not just tell a parent which offspring are hungry. They might also show their parent that they are healthy and vigorous and therefore worth some extra investment. The babies of monkeys cry out to their mothers and tend to cry even more around the time their mothers wean (断奶) them. The mothers, in response, begin to ignore most of their babies' distress calls, since most turn out to be false alarms. "Initially, mothers respond any time an infant cries," said Dario Maestripieri, a primatologist at the University of Chicago. "But as the cries increase, they respond less and less. They become more skeptical. So infants start crying less. So they go through these cycles, adjusting their responses." Kim Bard, a primatologist at the University of Plymouth in England, has spent more than a decade observing chimpanzee babies. "Chimps can cry for a long time if something terrible is happening to them, but when you pick them up, they stop," Bard said. "I've never seen any chimpanzees in the first three months of life be inconsolable."Maestripieri and other researchers say these evolutionary forces may have also shaped the cries of human babies. "All primate infants cry," Maestripieri said. "It's a very conserved behavior. It's not something humans have evolved on their own."What can be the most probable title of this passage?A.Parents Bothered by Babies' CryB.Infants Crying for Parents' AttentionC.Clues from Animals on Why Babies CryD.False Cry53.One of the reasons why black Americans could not easily mix in American society is ______.A.that most Americans are immigrantsB.due to their skin colorC.that they speak their language differently from AmericansD.that they were free to keep their heritage54. In a harassment suit filed by a senior employee, who had left printouts from an adult website in her office?55.What does the last paragraph want to indicate?A.The kinds of confusion gone unnoticed.B.What makes some confusion go unnoticed.C.The contents of confusion gone unnoticed.D.The people with some confusion gone unnoticed.56.What will be the result of designing the body of SAX-40 as tailless and triangular?A.This shape can make the airplane fly faster.B.This shape can hold more passengers.C.This shape can supply more power raising.D.This shape can be flied easily.57. Superfast broadband delivered by fibre saves users of instant communication from delays which______.58.The word "spare" (Para. 2) is close in meaning to" ______".A.freeB.extraC.frugalD.meager59.When parents show constant disappointment in their children, the destructive effect is that the children will ______.60. The word "demographic" (Line 4, Para. 1 ) means ______.A.statistics of humanB.surroundings studyC.accumulation of humanD.development of human四、5.Error Correction(5题)61.【S8】62.【S7】63.【S6】64.【S5】65.【S2】五、6.Translation(5题)66. Look at the manners he talks,______(好像他知道一切似的).67. ______ (无论会遇到到少困难)we will manage to accomplish our goal.68. They have decided to _________________________ (在所有的当地学校废除体罚).69. The woman ______(担心服用这种的副作用), but her doctor reassured her that it is absolutely harmless.70. It is high time that ______ (我们尝试不同的方法解决经济危机).参考答案1.B解析：根据题干关键词early，electric cars定位到原文第一标题下第一段第三句；But technological limitations eventually killed those early EVs... 可知技术的限制最终导致了电动汽车逐渐退出市场，故选B项。