分词做状语与独立主格结构详细例句1时间状语Entering her room ,she found her computer stolenEntering her room ,she found her baby playing alone in the sitting roomSeeing from the top of the hill ,we can see the park clearlySeen from the space ,the Great wall is like a huge dragonSeen from the top of the hill ,the park is beautifulSeeing her mother ,the baby stopped cryingSeeing the cat ,the moust ran awaySeeing from the space, the earth looks greenReading the book ,he nodded from time to timeHearing his father’s voice ,the boy turned off the TV set at onceHearing their teache’s voice, the puiples stopped talking at onceHaving finished his homework, the boy went to bedHaving been shown Tianan’men Square ,the tourists were taken to visit the Palace MuseumHaving arrived at the farm ,the set to work immediatelyHaving watered the flowers ,he had a rest(While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced workerWhen leaving the airport ,she waved to us again and againWhen walking on the street ,I met one of my old friendsWhen crossing the street ,be careful(After) Having dinner, I will go to see a film.On hearing the good news ,they all jumped with joy2 原因状语Being busy now ,I can’t go fishing with youBeing angry ,he broke the cup into piecesBeing poor ,he couldn’t afford to buy the carBeing a teacher ,she is very kind to her studentsBeing ill ,the boy didn’t go to school this morningBeing too fat, you should take regular exercise to lose weight.Being seriously ill ,the girl was taken to the hospital immediatelyBeing a League member, he is always helping othersNot knowing his address ,I can’t get touch with himTaken good care of ,the old man is living a happy lifeNot given a chance, he felt disappointed.Written in a hurry, this article was not so good!Not knowing what to do, he turned to me for helpEncouraged greatly ,they worked even harderBerried deep down in the earth ,the dead forests rotten away and became coalHaving lived in the city for many years ,he knows the city very wellHaving received his letter ,he decided to write backHaving Left the key at home, he could not enter his officeHaving been bitten by a snake ,she was frightened at itHaving been kept indoor for the whole morning , the children became impatient Having been criticized by the teacher ,the student gave up smokingHaving been told to stay in Beijing ,the young man decided not to go back his hometown Not having received a reply ,he decided to write a letter againCaught in a heavy rain ,he was all wet3伴随状语The old man often takes a walk ,followed by his dogThe dog often takes a walk ,following its ownerShe came in the room ,following her husbandShe came in the room ,followed bu her husband The boy went to school ,taking a bus Jack came here ,runningHe stood there ,leaning agains the wallHe stayed at home, cleaning and washingAll night long ,he lay awake ,thinking of the problemHe sat in the sofa ,read a newspaperHe stood there ,waching the children playing gamesThe six blind men stood there ,begging for meal4让步状语Being rich ,he plants lots of vegetables himselfLiving miles away ,he attended the courseTrained ten hours a day ,he will still be a foolDefeated .he is still a popular boxerWorking so hard ,he failed againConsidering for so long a time, he had no idea about itHaving been told many times ,he still repeated the same mistakeHaving been told many times,he still could’t understand itHaving failed many times ,he didn’t lose heartExplained many time ,he still couldn’t understandThough lacking money ,his parents managed to seng him to universityThough warned the danger ,he still went skating on the thin iceAlthough working hard every day, we still have endless work to deal withThough raining heavily, it cleared up very soon5结果状语Her husband died ,leaving her with two sonsHe died ,leaving nothing for his wifeHis father died ,leaving him lots of moneyThe snow lasted for a week ,resulting in a serious traffic confusion in the whole areaTt has rained for several day, causing the river to riseThe bus was held up by snowstorm thus causing the dalayHe was caught in the rain ,making him catch a coldThey all left ,leaving me alone thereEnglish is spoken by many people in the world ,making it the most popular language in the world6条件状语Heated , water can change into vaporHeating water ,we can change it into vaporWorking hard ,you will succeedAdding themall up ,we can fingd the answerGiven a few minutes ,I will finish itTurning right ,you will find the stationListening to English every day ,you will learn it well step by step(If) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.Using your head ,you will fingd a good way.Grown in the rich soil ,the plants can grow betterTaking the path ,you will come to a lake独立主格结构原因状语It being Christmas, the government offices were closed.It being a holiday, all the shops were shut.The boy being late, his teacher was very angry.His mother being ill, he had to stay at home to look after herThe river having risen in the night ,crossing is impossibleThere being no bus, we had to walk home.spring coming, all the birds flew backThere being something more important to attend to, he had to cancel the appointment with me.时间状语The test finished, we began our holiday.The key having been lost ,she could not enter her roomThe meeting being over, all of us went home.Her work done, she sat down for a cup of teaThe question settled ,they went homeMy work having been finished ,I went homeAll the work finished, he sat down for a coffee.条件状语Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrowTime permitting ,we will visit the summer palace伴随状语The mother was cleaning the house ,her baby palying on the bed。
初三英语独立主格结构特殊形式练习题50题(答案解析)1.The work done, he sat down to have a rest.A.withB.byC.forD.of答案解析：A。
本题考查独立主格结构“名词+过去分词”形式。
“with+名词+过去分词”表示伴随情况，在句中作状语。
选项B“by”通常表示方式、手段；选项C“for”表示目的、原因等；选项D“of”通常表示所属关系。
这里只有“with”能构成正确的独立主格结构。
2.The meeting over, they went home.A.beingB.wasC.isD.are答案解析：A。
本题考查独立主格结构“名词+现在分词”形式。
“the meeting being over”表示会议结束的状态，在句中作状语。
选项B、C、D 都是谓语动词形式，不能与后面的句子构成独立主格结构。
3.The problem solved, we felt very happy.A.haveB.hasC.withD.by答案解析：C。
本题考查独立主格结构“with+名词+过去分词”形式。
“with the problem solved”表示问题被解决的状态，在句中作状语。
选项A、B 都是谓语动词形式；选项D“by”通常表示方式、手段，这里用“with”更合适。
4.The sun shining brightly, we went for a walk.A.shoneB.shiningC.to shineD.shine答案解析：B。
本题考查独立主格结构“名词+现在分词”形式。
“the sun shining brightly”表示太阳明亮地照耀着的状态，在句中作状语。
选项 A 是过去式；选项C 是不定式；选项D 是动词原形，都不能构成正确的独立主格结构。
5.The rain falling heavily, we stayed at home.A.fallB.fallingC.fellD.fallen答案解析：B。
独立主格结构一、概念独立主格结构（Absolute Structure）是一种特殊的结构，前一部分是名词或主格代词（作为逻辑主语），后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式和分词)或形容词、副词、名词或介词短语，独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系, 在句中做状语，用于修饰整个句子。
其位置灵活，可位于句前、句中或句末，常由逗号将其与句子其它部分分开。
它有以下几个特点：1. 独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。
2. 独立主格结构一般用逗号与主句分开，但与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。
3. 做时间状语、原因状语、条件状语、方式状语、伴随状语等时候，通常可转换成状语从句或并列句。
二、独立主格结构的三种类型：（一）非谓语动词独立主格结构逻辑主语+非谓语动词（不定式、现在分词、过去分词）1. 名词(代词)+现在分词分词作状语,当其逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时,分词应有自己的逻辑主语,构成分词的独立结构。
用名词(代词)+现在分词时，名词(代词)与动词构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
此时的现在分词通常表示动作正在进行（或当时正在进行）。
有时现在分词不表示进行，而表示一般情况的状态或动作。
a) Such being the case, you have no grounds for dismissing him.如果情况如此的话，你没有理由解聘他。
b) He lay at full length upon his stomach，his head resting upon his left forearm．他的脊背朝天，四肢伸展，头枕着左臂，直挺挺地趴伏着。
c) Their room was on the third floor, its window overlooking the sports ground.他们的房间在三层楼上，窗户俯视着操场。
(表示一般情况的状态或动作)2. 名词(代词)+ 过去分词名词(代词)与动词构成逻辑上的动宾关系, 表示被动意义或完成意义。
分词独立主格的翻译句子练习1.这场由世界著名指挥家指挥的音乐会一定会获得成功。
(conductor)The concert conducted(which was conducted)by the world-famous conductor is sure/ certain /bound to succeed/be successful/ a great success.（定语）2.这些保存很好的三十多年前拍的老照片象征着我们的友谊。
(well-preserved)These well-preserved old photos taken(which were taken) thirty years ago represent/ symbolize/ isa symbol of our friendship.（定语）3.在一些国家，想学医的学生必须先有一个学士学位。
(have a bachelor’s degree)In some countries, students intending/ planning (who want/intend)to study/ pursue medicine must have a bachelor’s degree.(定语)have a master’ s degree(硕士)have a doctor’s degree（博士）4.从他们父母的想法中得到了一个灵感，一年多前他们开了这家咖啡厅。
(inspire) Inspired by(Because they were inspired) their parents’ idea(thoughts), they opened his café more than a year ago.(状语)5.她的努力终于获得了成功，并为她赢得了名气。
(pay off)Her efforts paid off at last,obtaining/ winning her great name /fame/ reputation. =and obtained/won。
