第六部分新西兰 Part Six New Zealand
Chapter33.New Zealand(capital: Wellington)惠灵顿
1)新西兰的地理位置New Zealand’s geography:
新西兰地处南太平洋，位于赤道和南极之间
New Zealand is in the Southern Pacific Ocean,halfway between the equator and the South Pole.
新西兰的面积与英国和日本相近。它有2个主要的岛，北岛和南岛
The size of the country is similar to Britain or Japan.It has two main islands:North Island and South Island
新西兰位于国际日期变更线以西，所以它是世界上第一个迎接新一天到来的国家。
New Zealand is just west of the Internationnal Date Line,so it is the first country to get the new day.
最高的山峰是库克山，海拔3764米。陶波湖是新西兰最大的湖。
The highest peak is Mt Cook,3764M. Lake Taupo is the largest lake in New Zealand 南岛最大的河流是克鲁沙河，北岛最大的河流有2个，是怀卡托河和黄加雷河。
The largest rivers in South Island is the Clutha,and in the North Island is the Waikato and the wanganui.
地震和火山是新西兰最严重的自然灾害。
Earthquakes and volcanoes are the most serious potential natural disasters.
2)气候特征Characteristics of New Zealand’s climate;
①气候温和generally temperates.
②多样，最北端是亚热带气候，南岛一些山区则是亚寒带气候
varied climate: In the far north it is subtropical and in some mountainous areas of South Island it is subarctic
③.常年下雨Rain falls all year round
新西兰阳光最充足的城镇是纳尔逊，西海岸的降雨量最大。
The sunniest town in New Zealand, Nelson，The highest rainfall is on the west coast
Ⅲ.植物和动物 Plants and Animals
新西兰的许多土生有花植物都是独一无二的。世界上最古老的一些植物种类在这里可以
找到
Many of New Zealand's native flowering plants are unique. Some of the world's oldest plant forms can be found here
新西兰的本国树木却是四季常青，所以整个新西兰全年常绿
New Zealand native trees are evergreens, so the country remains green all year round.
红色的波赫塔克瓦被称为新西兰的圣诞树
The red pohutukawa called New Zealand Christmas tree
几维鸟被当作是国家的象征，新西兰人也这样称呼自己
The kiwi is a national symbol and New Zealanders refer to themselves as Kiwis.
Ⅳ.历史背景 Historical Background
1、第一个到达新西兰的欧洲人是荷兰的阿贝尔.塔斯曼，1642年。
The frist European to visit New Zealand in 1642 was a Dutchman, Abel Tasman.
2、最早到达新西兰的英国人是英国皇家海军的詹姆士.库克船长，1769年。
The frist Englishman to visit New Zealand in 1769 was Captain James COok of the British Royal Navy.
英国政府对这个国家感兴趣有多种原因: The British government was interested in the country for various reasons:
与新西兰贸易往来对于经济极为重要;新西兰没有法律，也没有任何人实施法律;在与移民交往中，没有人保护毛利人的权利
trade with New Zealand was economically important; there were no laws or anyone to enforce them; there was no one to protect Maori rights in dealings with the settlers;
3、1840年第一位总督威廉.赫伯森，代表维多利亚女王和毛利酋长签订了《威坦哲条约》，现代新西兰成立了。
In 1840 Hobson ,representing Queen Victoria, and some Maori chiefs, signed the Treaty of Waitangi.Modern New Zealand was founded.
