太阳能发电技术与绿色照明

论文题目：太阳能发电技术与绿色照明

I 摘 要

随着经济和人口的增长，能源增长已经满足不了人类的需求；另一方面，单纯依靠生物燃料所造成的许多问题，破坏了人类的生存环境，因此在能源枯竭与环境污染问题日益严重的今天，为了治理和缓解已经恶化的生态环境，人们渴望用“取之不尽，用之不竭”的可再生能源来代替资源有限，污染环境的常规能源。太阳能作为一种清洁、高效和永不衰退的绿色新能源，既是近期急需的能源补充，又是未来能源结构的基础。在新世纪中，各国政府都将合理利用太阳能资源作为国家可持续发展战略的重要内容。尤其是以半导体光生伏打效应为基础的光伏发电技术，不仅能满足人们的生活需要，而且随着太阳电池转换效率和生产技术的不断提高，太阳能光伏发电的应用将会越来越广。本文讲述了太阳能光伏发电系统的结构和工作原理及国内外光伏发电的现状及前景，并主要对太阳能路灯的设计要点作进一步的探讨与分析。又提出充分利用太阳能，研究开发推广节能性的绿色能源是实现建筑绿色照明，实施国家绿色照明工程的重要措施。

关键词：太阳能；光伏发电；绿色能源

II Solar electrical energy generation and green illumination

Abstract

Along with the economical and the population growth, the energy grew already

could not meet humanity's need; On the other hand, depends upon many questions

which purely the biological fuel creates, destroyed humanity's living environment,

therefore in energy depletion and environmental pollution question day by day serious

today, to govern the ecological environment which and alleviate already worsened, the

people longed for used “inexhaustible, inexhaustible” the renewable energy source

replaced the resources to be limited, pollution of the environment conventional energy

source. The solar energy takes the green new energy which one kind clean, highly

effective and never declines, since the short-term urgently needed energy

supplemented, also will be the future energy structure foundation. In the new century,

various countries' government will be reasonable using the solar energy resources

takes the country sustainable development the important content.Especially bends

down the power technology take the semiconductor photovoltaic effect as the

foundation light, not can only meet people's life needs, moreover along with the solar

cell transfer efficiency and the production technology's unceasing enhancement, the

solar energy light will bend down the electricity generation application to be able to

be getting more and more broad. This paper describes the solar photovoltaic system

structure and working principle and the status of PV power at home and abroad. And

mainly makes the further discussion and the analysis to the solar energy street light's

design main point. Also proposed that the full use solar energy, the research

development promotion energy conservation's green energy is realizes the

construction green illumination, the implementation country green lighting

engineering important measure.

Key words: Solar energy； Photovoltaic power generation； green energy

III 目 录

1 绪论 .............................................................. 1

2 光伏发电的现状及前景展望 .......................................... 2

2.1 光伏发电历史 ................................................. 2

2.2 国外太阳能光伏发电的现状 ..................................... 3

2.2.1 德国光伏产业现状 ........................................ 3

2.2.2 日本光伏产业现状 ........................................ 3

2.2.3 美国光伏产业现状 ........................................ 4

2.2.4 其他各国光伏产业现状 .................................... 4

2.3 我国光伏发电的现状与前景 ..................................... 4

2.4 太阳能发展前景展望 ........................................... 6

3 太阳能光伏发电系统 ................................................ 8

3.1 光伏发电概述 ................................................. 8

3.2 光伏发电系统的原理 ........................................... 8

3.3 光伏发电系统的组成及功能 ..................................... 8

3.4 光伏发电系统的分类 ........................................... 9

3.5 光伏发电系统的效率 .......................................... 10

3.6 发电与建筑照明一体化 ........................................ 11

4 太阳能路灯的设计探索 ............................................. 11

4.1 太阳能路灯的基本结构 ........................................ 12

4.2 太阳能路灯的原理 ............................................ 12

4.3 路灯设计所需的数据 .......................................... 12

4.4 关键部件选型 ................................................ 12

4.4.1 太阳电池组件 ........................................... 12

4.4.2 蓄电池（组） ........................................... 12

4.4.3 控制器 ................................................. 13

4.4.4 光源的选择 ............................................. 13

4.5 LED使用注意事项 ............................................ 13

4.6 太阳能路灯注意事项 .......................................... 14

5 结束语 ........................................................... 15

谢辞 ............................................................... 16

参考文献 ........................................................... 17