当前位置：文档之家 › usetable

usetable

  • 格式：doc
  • 大小：411.00 KB
  • 文档页数：7

Acct 414 Prof. Teresa Gordon

73420836.doc 7/22/13 Page 1 Time Value of Money Formulas:

Types of problems

Single Sum. One sum ($1) will be received or paid either in the

Present (Present Value of a Single Sum or PV)

Future (Future Value of a Single Sum or FV)

PV FV

There will always be at least four variables in any present or future value problem. Three of

the four will be known and you will solve for the fourth.

Single sum problems:

n = number of compounding periods

i = interest rate

PV = Value today of a single sum ($1)

FV = Value in the future of a single sum ($1)

Acct 414 Prof. Teresa Gordon

73420836.doc 7/22/13 Page 2 Types of Annuity Problems

Ordinary annuity (OA)

A series of equal payments (or rents) received or paid at the end of a period, assuming a

constant rate of interest.

PV-OA (Present value of an ordinary annuity)

PV-OA

PMT PMT PMT PMT PMT PMT PMT PMT

FV-OA (Future value of an ordinary annuity)

FV-OA

PMT PMT PMT PMT PMT PMT PMT PMT

Annuity Due (AD)

A series of equal payments (or rents) received or paid at the beginning of a period,

assuming a constant rate of interest.

V-AD (future value of an annuity due)

V-AD (present value of an annuity due)

PV-AD (Present value of an ordinary annuity)

PV-AD

PMT PMT PMT PMT PMT PMT PMT PMT

FV-AD (Future value of an ordinary annuity)

FV-AD

PMT PMT PMT PMT PMT PMT PMT PMT

Acct 414 Prof. Teresa Gordon

73420836.doc 7/22/13 Page 3 Annuity Due vs. Ordinary Annuity

The difference between an ordinary annuity and an annuity due is that:

Given the same i, n and periodic payment, the annuity due will always yield a

greater present value

(less interest removed)

and a

greater future value

(more interest added).

There will always be at least four variables in any present or future value problem. Three of the

four will be known and you will solve for the fourth.

Annuity Problems:

n = number of payments or rents

i = interest rate

PMT = Periodic payment (rent) received or paid

And either:

FV of an annuity (OA or AD) = Value in the future of a series of future payments

OR

PV of an annuity (OA or AD) = Value today of a series of payments in the future

Note: To convert answer into an annuity due, multiply by (1 + n) Acct 414 Prof. Teresa Gordon

73420836.doc 7/22/13 Page 4 Types of Annuity Problems

Acct 414 Prof. Teresa Gordon

73420836.doc 7/22/13 Page 5 Example Problems

Ordinary Annuity Example

Suppose I must make three payments of $500, each at the end of each of the next three

years. The interest rate is 8%. How much should I set aside today to have the required

payments?

This is an ordinary annuity:

What if the first payment comes immediately instead of at the end of the first year, how

much would I need to set aside today in order to have the required payments?

This is an annuity due:

We can use one of the formulas to adjust the IF – the easiest to memorize is the “multiply

by (1+i)” rule:

Alternative adjustment to the IF table is even easier – at least if you write the method at the

top of your table!

Look up IF for (n-1) and add 1:

This second method is also the “logical” decision you would make from looking at the time-line.

Acct 414 Prof. Teresa Gordon

73420836.doc 7/22/13 Page 6 EXAMPLE PROBLEMS

Deferred annuity:

Assume that you are to receive three payments of $100 each beginning 3 years from now. What

is this series of payments worth using a 12% discount rate?

Draw time line:

Analyze time-line: remember to identify the ordinary annuity involved before deciding the

number of periods deferred.

Alternative 1 – Work as two part problem

Alternative 2 – Adjust the ordinary annuity table IF:

Look up PV-OA IF for (d+n) and then subtract the PV-OA IF for d

Alternative 3 – Adjust the ordinary annuity table IF:

Look up PV-OA IF for n and then multiply by the PV IF for d

Acct 414 Prof. Teresa Gordon

73420836.doc 7/22/13 Page 7 Using Time Value of Money Tables

Let “IF” (interest factor) stand for the number from the appropriate time value of money table for

n periods and interest rate “i”

PV of a lump sum = FV * IF {from PV of $ table}

FV of a lump sum = PV * IF {from FV of $ table}

PV of Ordinary Annuity = PMT * IF {from PV of ord. annuity table}

FV of Ordinary Annuity = PMT * IF {from FV of ord. annuity table}

PMT = (PV of Ordinary Annuity) / IF {from PV of ord. annuity table}

or

(FV of Ordinary Annuity) / IF {from FV of ord. annuity table}

ADJUSTMENTS to ordinary annuity tables

CONVERSION TO ANNUITY DUE:

To find IF for Future Value of an Annuity Due: Add one to the number of

periods and look up IF on table. Then subtract one from the interest factor

合集下载

abap table语句

abap table语句

abap table语句

ABAP是一种面向SAP系统开发的编程语言，用于在SAP系统中创建和维护表格。表格是一种存储数据的结构，可以在ABAP程序中使用。在ABAP中，可以使用TABLE语句定义表格和其字段。下面列举了十个常用的ABAP TABLE语句及其用法。

1. DATA：用于定义一个数据对象，可以是表格、结构体或单一值。

例如：

DATA lv_name TYPE string. "定义一个字符串类型的变量lv_name

2. TYPES：用于定义自定义数据类型。

例如：

TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_person, "定义一个人员结构类型

id TYPE string,

name TYPE string,

END OF ty_person.

3. TABLES：用于引入外部定义的数据表。

例如：

TABLES: sflight. "引入SAP标准表格sflight

4. APPEND：用于将数据行追加到表格中。

例如：

APPEND INITIAL LINE TO lt_person ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(). "向人员表格lt_person中追加一行数据

5. SELECT：用于从数据库表中选择数据。

例如：

SELECT * FROM sflight INTO TABLE lt_sflight. "从表格sflight中选择所有数据并赋值给内表lt_sflight

6. INSERT：用于将数据插入到数据库表中。

例如：

INSERT zemployee FROM lt_employee. "将内表lt_employee中的数据插入到自定义表格zemployee中

7. MODIFY：用于修改数据库表中的数据。

例如：

MODIFY zemployee FROM lt_employee. "将内表lt_employee中的数据修改到自定义表格zemployee中

vben框架updatetabledata用法

vben框架updatetabledata用法

vben框架updatetabledata用法

vben框架的updatetabledata用法是：根据唯一的rowKey更新指定行的数据。可用于不刷新整个表格而局部更新数据。

具体来说，它可以根据给定的rowKey和record来更新表格中的某一行数据。在表格中，每一行数据都有一个唯一的rowKey标识，通过使用updatetabledata函数，我们可以根据这个rowKey来找到对应的数据行，并更新其中的数据。

注意，在vben框架中，updatetabledata函数通常用于在表格已经注册并生成之后，用于更新表格中的数据行。如果表格还没有完成注册生成，调用此函数可能无法达到预期效果。

以上信息仅供参考，可以查阅vben框架的官方文档以获取更全面准确的信息。

access语句大全

access语句大全

access语句大全

Access是一款常用的关系型数据库管理系统，广泛用于小型办公场景中的数据管理和处理。作为数据库的核心部分，Access语句可以帮助我们完成各种数据库操作，包括创建表格、查询数据、更新数据等等。在本文中，我们将为您介绍一些常用的Access语句，帮助您更好地使用这款数据库管理系统。

1. 创建表格

Access使用CREATE TABLE语句来创建表格。以下是一个示例：

CREATE TABLE Customers (

CustomerID INT PRIMARY KEY,

CustomerName VARCHAR(50),

Address VARCHAR(100),

City VARCHAR(50),

Country VARCHAR(50)

);

上述语句将创建一个名为"Customers"的表格，包括了CustomerID、CustomerName、Address、City和Country这五个字段。

2. 插入数据

使用INSERT INTO语句可以向表格中插入数据。以下是一个示例：

INSERT INTO Customers (CustomerID, CustomerName, Address, City, Country)

VALUES (1, 'John Doe', '123 Main St', 'New York', 'USA'); 上述语句将在"Customers"表格中插入一条数据，包括了CustomerID为1，CustomerName为'John Doe'，Address为'123 Main St'，City为'New York'，Country为'USA'。

3. 查询数据

Access使用SELECT语句来查询数据。以下是一个示例：

SELECT CustomerName, City, Country

FROM Customers

sql use语句

sql use语句

sql use语句

SQL USE语句是用来选择要使用的数据库的命令。在使用SQL语言进行数据库操作时，首先需要选择要使用的数据库，然后才能进行其他操作。下面是一些常见的SQL USE语句的示例：

1. 使用MySQL数据库：

USE mysql;

2. 使用Oracle数据库：

USE oracle;

3. 使用SQL Server数据库：

USE sqlserver;

4. 使用PostgreSQL数据库：

USE postgresql;

5. 使用MongoDB数据库：

USE mongodb;

6. 使用Redis数据库：

USE redis;

7. 使用Cassandra数据库：

USE cassandra;

8. 使用SQLite数据库：

USE sqlite;

9. 使用MariaDB数据库：

USE mariadb;

10. 使用DB2数据库：

USE db2;

以上是一些常见的SQL USE语句的示例。在实际应用中，需要根据具体的数据库类型和名称来选择要使用的数据库。使用USE语句可以方便地切换数据库，从而进行其他操作，如创建表、插入数据、查询数据等。在使用SQL语言进行数据库操作时，需要注意数据库的安全性和数据的完整性，避免误操作和数据泄露。