it做形式主语或宾语的用法_图文.ppt

7. It is a pity ( a shame ... ) that ... 该句型中，that 后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词 原形），should 可省去．表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。 没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！ It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！ 8. It is time ( about time , high time ) that ... 该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是① 常用过去时态表示虚拟．② 有时也用should + 动词原形， should 不能省。常译为“是（正是）……的时侯……”。 It is time that children should go to bed. = It is time that children went to bed.
Eg2: It doesn’t matter.
it 有时并不指具体东西，而指天气、时间、环境、距离等， 称为非人称代词it. Eg1: It’s raining. Eg3: It’s quiet here. Eg2: It’s Tuesday today. Eg4: It’s two miles to the beach.
place.
用it起始的句型归纳：
1. It is + 被强调部分 + that ... 该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置 于that 之后。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。 强调的主语如果是人，that 可以由 who 换用。如果把这种句 型结构划掉后，应该是一个ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้整无缺的句子。这也是判断强调 句型与其它从句的方法。 It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father.

2．用于表达天气、环境、时间、距离、季
节等。
◆
It’s half an hour’s walk from here to our
school．
◆
It’s nice and warm here．But it’s two o’clock
now, and it’s time for us to go to school．
⑧. It is important ( necessary, right, strange,
natural...) that ...
记住that 后的从句应用虚拟语气（should
+ 动词原形），should 可以省去．
⑨. It is suggested ( ordered ... ) that ...
It作形式主语时的几个常见句型: ①. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 该句型中的不定式如果须要逻辑主语，则 须要前置介词 of, 而句型中的形容词必须是 能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词，常见的有： bad , brave , careless, clever , cruel , foolish , good （好心的）, honest , horrible , kind , lazy , modest , naughty , nice（有教养的）, polite, rude , silly , stupid , wise , wrong 这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth.
• 5. It is / was + 具体的时间点 + when-clause • 本结构是定语从句句型，具体的时间点是先行词， 关系副词 when 引导定语从句。 • 特别注意： 1)主句部分用 is ，when 从句用现在时。 2)主句部分用 was， when 从句用一般过去时。 It is 6 o’clock when I go home from school every day. It was five o’clock in the afternoon when they climbed up to the mountain.

it 作形式主语的用法代词it可以用来代替一个名词、一个短语、一个句子，在句中作主语或宾语。

1. it作主语指时间、日期、天气、距离和气温等。

It’s nine o’clock now. （指时间）It is much colder than it was yesterday. （指天气）It is about 5 kilometres from here to my home. （指距离）It is very hot in the classroom. （指气温）It is Sunday today. （指日期）2. It作形式主语代替动词不定式，常用于以下句型中：(1) it is/was adj. (of/for) sb. to do sth.当表语是与事物的特征有关的形容词时，如easy, difficult, hard, important, necessary等，用介词for.It is difficult for Lucy to learn physics.It is interesting for us to play badminton.当表语是描述人的性格、品质的形容词时，如kind, nice, polite, clever, foolish, stupid等，用介词of.It is kind of you to help me.It is clever of the little child to work out such a difficult math problem.(2) it takes/took sb. some time to do sth.It takes him an hour to do his homework every day.(3) it is/was n. to do sth.It is great fun to have a party here.It was a great pleasure to work with you.3.it作形式主语还常用于句型“it seems/appears that +从句”，表示“似乎/好像/看来......”It seems that he knows everything.It appears that we are wrong.。

“It”作形式主语和宾语It作形式主语和形式宾语用法，是中学阶段英语学习的主要语法项目之一。

纵观历届高考题，无论是单项选择，还是完形填空，it用法始终是反复考查的重、热点之一。

现将it在特殊句型中作形式主语和形式宾语用法，进行如下归纳分析。

一、It 用作形式主语当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。

此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。

e.g. It is wrong to tell a lie.(说谎是错误的。

) 〔It为to tell a lie的形式主语〕It is no use arguing about it.(争吵是没用的。

) 〔It为arguing about it的形式主语〕It is uncertain who will come.(谁要来还不确定。

) 〔It为who will come的形式主语〕It 作形式主语的常见句型：① It + be + 形容词+ to do sth. / doing / that ….e.g. It is very important to learn a foreign language.(学一门外语非常重要。

)It is useless crying over the spilt milk.(覆水难收。

)It was really surprising that she married a man like that.(她嫁给那样的男士真让人惊讶。

)② It + be +名词词组+ doing / that ….e.g. It is no good telling lies.(撒谎没好处。

)It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film yesterday.(你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。