Unit 2 Working the land

Book 4Unit 2Working the landⅠ.阅读理解(2019·吉林实验中学模拟)About 5,000 children die each day due to preventable diseases such as cholera and dysentery(痢疾)，which spread when people use unclean water for drinking or cooking.A lack of water for personal health leads to the spread of totally preventable diseases like trachoma，which has blinded some six million people.Water troubles also trap many low­income families in a cycle of poverty and poor education and the poorest suffer most from lack of access to water.People who spend much of their time on ill health，caring for sick children，or collecting water at distances averaging 3.75 miles a day don’t have educational and economic opportunities to better their lives.Agriculture is called the lion’s share of freshwater worldwide，using some 70 percent，and industrial uses consume another 22 percent.Water areas have no political borders and nations don’t always work together to share common resources，so water can be a frequent source of international conflict as well.Day­by­day demand keeps growing，further needing water sources，from great rivers to groundwater.“We’re going deeper into debt on our groundwater use，” Postel said，“and that has very significant impacts on global water security.The rate of groundwater consumption has doubled since 1960.”Some of Earth’s groundwater is fossil water created when Earth’s climate was far different.Today such water is as limited as petrol.“But we’re pumping much of them out faster than ever，” Postel explained.“Humanity’s growing thirst also causes a major problem about water and our ecosystems.And that also creates a cost to us，to our sons and to our grandsons，not just to nature.”语篇解读这是一篇说明文。

Unit 2Working the landⅠ.阅读理解A(2020·唐山质量检测)The UK’s Best Theme ParksDrayton Manor Theme Park，StaffordshireThe new Tamarin Trail takes adventurers through beautiful gardens，allowing kids and adults to come face-to-face with a troop of monkeys.The park is also home to Europe’s only Thomas Land，which last year underwent a ￡2.5m expansion，including new rides.There are thrilling rides，including the stand-up roller coaster，Shockwave，and the 54-metre drop tower，Apocalypse.Adults from ￡15，children from ￡10(under-2s free).Thorpe Park，SurreyAll aboard Derren Brown’s Ghost Train which opened in July 2016.This 10-15 minute train journey includes exciting live-action performances，4D special effects and so on.Also new is“I’m a Celebrity...Maze(迷宫)”，and there are some of the highest and fastest rides in Europe here too.Adults from ￡28，children from ￡24(under-3s free).Warwick Castle，WarwickshireAlthough not officially a theme park，this medieval castle offers history，magic，myth and adventure to suit all ages，and is now home to the UK’s first fully interactive and multi-sensory Horrible Histories Maze，giving visitors a fascinating experience of getting lost in time.Form July，you can sleep over in the new riverside Middle Ages-themed woodland cottages of Knight’s Village.From ￡31(under-3s free).Chessington World of Adventures，SurreyFollowing the Pandamonium live show in 2016，last year saw The Gruffalo River RideAdventure open at Chessington，which has over 40 rides and attractions.Rides include Dragon Falls，Safari Skyway，Toadies Crazy Cars and Runaway Train.From ￡29(under-3s free).【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。

M4 Unit 2 Working the land单元复习案例分析与反思吴炫露一．教学目标1. 知识和技能目标能够掌握下列单元重点词汇的用法，并运用这些词汇来描述农业生产和农民的生活：thanks to, rid…of, build up, keep…free from, struggle, would rather, lead 2. 情感态度目标通过学习，了解农耕的辛苦和产生对农民的敬意。

回顾袁隆平的生平事迹，感受他所做的伟大贡献。

四．教学过程1. Enjoy the poemFarmers weeding at noon,Sweat down the field soon.Who knows food on a tray（盘）,Thanks to their hard work.T:What’s the title of the poem?Ss:悯农T: How do you feel about farmers?Ss: hard-workingthanks to的用法thanks to= because of= due to= owing to=as a result of= on account of 由于翻译：多亏了你帮忙，我才及时到达车站.Thanks to your help, I was able to arrive at the station in time.幸亏你，我才没淹死。

(save…from..)Thanks to you, I was saved from drowning.2. Talk about Dr. YuanT: What’s this?Ss: super hybrid riceT: Who’s the father of super hybrid rice?Ss: Yuan LongpingT: What kind of person do you think he is?Dr Yuan _______ a simple life. He _____ ______ work on the farm than have a rest. He has ________ for five decades to search for a way to increase rice harvest without _________(扩大) the area of fields. _______ to the discovery of super hybrid rice, his dream of ______ China of hunger is realized . He ______most of his time to increasing rice______(产量).Now, he has another dream---to _______(输出)his rice so that it can be grown all over the world.Keys: leads, would rather(…than…), struggled, expanding, Thanks, ridding(…of…), devotes(…to…), output, exportstruggle的用法struggle to do sth努力做某事struggle for sthstruggle against sthShe _________ to keep back the tears.(努力忍住泪水)Most animals have to struggle _____ existence in a dangerous world.rid的用法rid sb of sth. 使某人摆脱某物get/be rid of sth翻译：1）.She is trying to rid herself of dependence on drugs.(使自己摆脱对毒品的依赖) = She is trying to get rid of dependence on drugs2）. 你应该摆脱坏习惯You should rid yourself of bad habits.= You should get rid of bad habits拓展：rid sb of sth remind sb of sth accuse sb of sthinform sb of sth warn sb of sththe UN is trying to ___ the world __ hunger.His father was _______ taking bribes.受贿Thanks for your gift—it will always ____ me ____ you.3.talk about organic food and organic farmingT: Look at the pictures. These fruits look very delicious. Can you guess what kind of food it is?Ss: Organic food.T: What's the features of organic foodFeatures(特点) of organic food_______o f p o l l u t i o n_______n u t r i t i o nd o_______t o pe o p l e’s h e a l t h a n d t h e e___________Keys: free, rich in, good, environmentListen to the tape and fill in the blanksOrganic farming is simply farming without using_________. They _______ keeping their soil rich and ______ of disease.A healthy soil _______ disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy.Organic farmers often prefer using ______ waste from animals as fertilizer. They feel that this makes the soil in their fields _____ in minerals and so more fertile.This also keeps the air, water and crops ______ chemicals.Keys: chemicals, focus on, free, reduces, natural, rich, free from4.Words practicingexpand , export, satisfy, struggle, rid ... of, would rather, lead ... a life, thanks to, lead to, build up, keep….free from1）.With the development of science and technology China is _________ many kinds of electric products to developing countries.2）._________ a lot of hard work, it was a great success.3）. A child’s vocabulary ________ through reading .4）. Eating too much sugar can _____ health problems.5）. I’m very tired. I ______________ have a good sleep than go to the cinema. 6）.The swimmer ________________ （与…搏斗）the tide（潮水）.7）.In the past, farmers would let the animals do the work to ______ the fields _______ weeds.8）. All the pressure _________ and he was off work for weeks with stress.Keys: exporting, Thanks to, expands, lead to, would rather, struggled against, keep... free from, built up.build up的用法All the pressure built up and he was off work for weeks with stress."build up" in the sentence above has the same meaning with _________. B积聚，增加A. She has built up a very successful business. 创办，建立B. These chemicals in the food su pply build up in people’s bodies over time.C. You need more nutrition to build you up. 强健5.Consolidation中国的农民曾经过着很艰苦的生活，并一直受着饥饿的困扰。

Unit 2 Working the landPart I a Pioneer for all PeopleAlthough he is one of China’s most famous scientists, Yuan Longping consider s himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research. Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggle d for the past five decade s. Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same field s. Now more than 60% of the rice produced in China each year is from this hybrid strain.Born in 1930, Dr Yuan graduate d from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside. Dr Yuan search ed for a way to increase rice harvest s without expand ing the area of the fields. In 1950, Chinese farmers could produce only fifty million tons of rice. In a recent harvest, however, nearly two hundred million tons of rice was produce d. These increased harvests mean that 22% of the world’s people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in China. Dr Yuan is now circulating his knowledge in India, Vietnam and many other less developed countries to increase their rice harvests. Thanks to his research, the UN has more tool s in the battle to rid the world of hunger. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life. However, he doesn’t care about being famous. He feel s it gives him less freedom to do his research. He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. He enjoy s listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading. Spend ing money on himself or lead ing a comfortable life also means very little to him. Indeed, he believe s that a person with too much money has more rather than fewer trouble s. He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.Just dream ing for things, however, cost s nothing. Long ago Dr yuan had a dream about rice plants as tall as sorghum. Each ear of rice was as big as an ear of corn and each grain of rice was as huge as a peanut. Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people. Now, many years later, Dr Yuan has another dream: to export his rice so that it can be grown around the globe. One dream is not always enough, especially for a person who loves and cares for his people.Part II Chemical or Organic Farming?Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming. Many farmers welcome d them as a great way to stop crop disease and increase production. Recently, however, scientists have been finding that long-term use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to people’s health.What are some of the problems caused by chemical fertilizers? First, they damage the land by kill ing the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the harmful ones. Chemicals also stay in the ground and underground water for a long time. This affect s crops and, therefore, animals and humans, since chemicals get inside the crops and cannot just be wash ed off. These chemicals in the food supply build up in people’s bodies over time. Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses. In addition, fruit, vegetable s and other food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast to be full of much nutrition. They may look beautiful, but inside there is usually more water than vitamin s and mineral s.With these discover ies, some farmers and many customer s are beginning to turn to organic farming. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease. A healthy soil reduce s disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy. Organic farmers, therefore, often prefer using natural waste from animals as fertilizer. They feel that this makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals and so more fertile. This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals.Organic farmers also use many other method s to keep the soil fertile. They often change the kind of crop in each field every few years, for example, growing corn or wheat and then the next year peas or soybeans. Crops such as peas or soybeans put important mineral s back into the soil, making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil. Organic farmers also plant crops to use different level s of soil, for example, planting peanuts that use the ground’s surface followed by vegetables that put down deep root s. Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to prevent wind or water from carry ing away the soil, and then leaving it in the ground to become a natural fertilizer for the next year’s crop. These many different organic farming methods have the same goal: to grow good food and avoid damaging the environment or people’s health.。