国际商务英语B

国际商务英语证书
国际商务英语证书是一种证明个人英语能力的专业证书，主要用于证明持有者具备在商务环境中使用英语进行交流和解决问题的能力。

该证书通常由国际知名机构颁发，例如剑桥大学考试委员会、托福考试委员会等。

获得国际商务英语证书可以帮助个人在求职过程中获得更多机会，因为许多公司都需要具备流利英语口语和写作能力的应聘者。

此外，在国际商务交流中，英语是一种非常重要的工具，获得国际商务英语证书可以提高个人竞争力和自信心。

要获得国际商务英语证书，需要参加相关考试并取得高分。

这些考试通常包括听力、阅读、写作和口语四个部分。

考试难度较高，需要考生具备扎实的英语基础和一定的商务知识。

考生可以通过参加专业的英语培训课程和做练习题来提高英语水平和准备考试。

国际商务英语证书是一种证明自己英语能力的专业证书，可以帮助个人在求职和国际商务交流中获得更多机会和提高竞争力。

获得这个证书需要参加相关考试并取得高分，这需要考生具备扎实的英语基础和一定的商务知识。

International Business English国际商务英语Lesson 1 International Business第一课国际商务*International business refers to transaction between parties from different countries. Sometimes business across the borders of different customs areas of the same country is also regarded as import and export, such as business between Hong Kong and Taiwan.*International business involves more factors and thus is more complicated than domestic business. The following are some major differences between the two.1). The countries involved often have different legal systems, and one or more parties will have to adjust themselves to operate in compliance with the foreign law.2). Different counties usually use different currencies and the parties concerned will have to decide which currency to use and do everything necessary as regards conversion etc. Uncertainties and even risks are often involved in the use of a foreign currency.3).Cultural differences including language, customs, traditions, religion, value, behaviour etc. often constitute challenges and even traps for people engaged in international business.4). Countries vary in natural and economic conditions and may have different policies towards foreign trade and investment, making international business more complex than domestic business.*With the development of economic globalisation, few people or companies can completely stay away from international business. Some knowledge in this respect is necessary both for the benefit of enterprises and personal advancement.*International business first took the form of commodity trade, i.e. exporting and importing goods produced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale in another. This form of trade is also referred to as visible trade. Later a different kind of trade in the form of transportation, communication, banking, insurance, consulting, information etc. gradually became more and more important. This type of trade is called invisible trade. Today, the contribution of service industries of the developed countries constitutes over 60% of their gross domestic products and account for an increasing proportion of world trade. *Another important form of international business is supplying capital by residents of one country to another, known as international investments. Such investments can be classified into two categories. The first kindof investments, foreign direct investments or FDI for short is made for returns through controlling the enterprises or assets invested in in a host country.*The host country is a foreign country where the investor operates, while the country where the headquarters of the investor is located is called the home country. The second kind of investment, portfolio investment, refers to purchases of foreign financial assets for a purpose other than controlling. Such financial assets may be stocks, bonds or certificates of deposit.Stocks are also called capital stocks or bonds. Bonds are papers issued by a government or a firm with promise to pay back the money lent or invested together with interest. The maturity period of a bond is at least one year, often longer, for example five, or even ten years. Certificates of deposit generally involve large amounts, say 25 thousand US dollars *Besides trade and investment, international licensing and franchising are sometimes taken as a means of entering a foreign market. In licensing, a firm leases the right to use its intellectual property to a firm in another country. Such intellectual property may be trademarks, brand names, patents, copyrights or technology. Firms choose licensing because they do not have to make cash payments to start business, and can simply receive income in the form of royaltyBesides, they can benefit from locational advantages of foreign operation without any obligations in ownership or management. The use of licensing is particularly encouraged by high customs duty and non-tariff barriers on the part of the host country. However it is not advisable to use licensing in countries with weak intellectual property protection since the licensor may have difficulty in enforcing licensing agreement.*Franchising can be regarded as a special form of licensing. Under franchising, a firm, called the franchisee, is allowed to operate in the name of another, called the franchiser who provides the former with trademarks, brand names, logos, and operating techniques for royalty. In comparison with the relation between the licenser and the licensee, the franchiser has more control over and provides more support for the franchisee.*The franchiser can develop internationally and gain access to useful information about the local market with little risk and cost, and the franchisee can easily get into a business with established products or services. Franchising is fairly popular especially in hotel and restaurant business.*Other forms for participating in international business are management contract, contract manufacturing, and turnkey project.*Under a management contract, one company offers managerial or other specialized services to another within a particular period for a flat payment or a percentage of the relevant business volume. Sometimes bonusesbased on profitability or sales growth are also specified in management contracts.Government policies often have a lot to do with management contracts. When a government forbids foreign ownership in certain industries it considers to be of strategic importance but lacks the expertise for operation, management contracts may be a practical choice enabling a foreign company to operate in the industry without owning the assets*By contract manufacturing, a firm can concentrate on their strongest part in the value chain, e.g. marketing, while contracting with foreign companies for the manufacture of their products. Such firms can reduce the amount of their resources devoted to manufacture and benefit from location advantages from production in host countries. However, loss of control over the production process may give rise to problems in respect of quality and time of delivery.*For an international turnkey project, a firm signs a contract with a foreign purchaser and undertakes all the designing, contracting and facility equipping before handing it over to the latter upon completion. Such projects are often large and complex and take a long period to complete. Payment for a turnkey project may be made at fixed total price or on a cost plus basis. The latter way of payment shifts the burden of possible additional cost over the original budget onto the purchaser *BOT is a popular variant of the turnkey project where B stands for Build, O for operate and T for transfer. For a BOT project, a firm operate a facility for a period of time after building it up before finally transferring it to a foreign company. Making profit from operating the project for a period is the major difference between BOT and the common turnkey project. Needless to say, the contractor has to bear the financial and other risks that may occur in the period of operation.*Some Words and Expressionscustoms area 关税区in compliance with 遵从，遵照conversion n.货币兑换visible trade 有形贸易resale n.转售invisible trade 无形贸易gross domestic product 国内生产总值for short 缩写为account for 占……比例headquarters n.总部trap n.陷阱，圈套portfolio investment 证券投资stocks n.股票bonds n.债券maturity n.（票据等）到期，到期日certificate of deposit 大额存单other than 而不是licensing n.许可经营franchising n.特许经营n.商标advisable adj.可行的，适当的patent n.专利royalty n.专利使用费，许可使用费，版税copyright n.版权licensor n.给予许可的人licensee n.接受许可的人franchiser n.给予特许的人franchisee n.接受特许的人logo n.标识，标记management contract 管理合同expertise n.专门知识bonus n.红利，奖金，津贴flat adj.一律的，无变动的contract manufacturing 承包生产value chain 价值链turnkey project 交钥匙工程BOT(Build, Operate, Transfer）建设，经营，移交Stand for 表示，代表variant n.变形，变体Lesson twoIncome Level and the World Market第二课收入水平和世界市场This lesson discusses the relation between the income level and the market potential, and the features of high income, middle income and low income markets.Special analyses are made on Triad, i.e. the markets of North America,European Union and Japan, as well as other markets that are closely related with China.The first two paragraphs mainly deal with GNP and GDP, two important concepts usedto indicate the total size of an economy. GDP, Gross Domestic Product, stresses the place of production while GNP, Gross National Product, on the ownership of production factors.GDP is used by most countries now where as GNP was more popular before the 1990s. The actual figures of a country’s GNP and GDP are, however, quite similar in most cases and we can use whichever figure that is available.TEXT:In assessing the potential of a market, people often look at its income level since it provides clues about the purchasing power of its residents. The concepts national income and national product have roughly the same value and can be used interchangeably if our interest is in their sum total which is measured as the market value of the total output of goods and services of an economy in a given period, usually a year. The differenceis only in their emphasis. The former stresses the income generated by turning out the products while the latter, the value of the product s themselves. Gross National Product, GNP, and Gross Domestic Product, GDP, are two important concepts used to indicate a country’s total income. GNP refers to the market value of goods and services produced by the property and labor owned by the residents of an economy. This term was used by most governments before the 1990s国民生产总值(GNP)是最重要的宏观经济指标,它是指一个国家地区的国民经济在一定时期（一般1年）内以货币表现的全部最终产品（含货物和服务）价值的总和。

Unit 1 GlobalizationPart I Business V ocabularyDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. This part totals 20 points, one point for each sentence.1 There are too many examples in aviation and other _____ B _____ of what has happened to companies that have tried to do that.A sectionsB sectorsC segmentsD components2 It would not _______ A ________ earlier mistakes such as attempting to enter the train or boat-building business.A repeatB makeC recognizeD produce3 He is impressed, he says, by the way in which oil companies have ____ D _____ from losing national images.A obtainedB gotC reachedD benefited4 Royal Dutch/Shell is another group which manages to ______D_________ itself asa local company in which it operates.A displayB exhibitC showD present5 When the Japanese tyre group Bridgestone entered the US market, it made an _________ C _______, buying the local production base of Firestone.A saleB purchaseC acquisitionD overpayment6 If a company wishes to enter the Chinese market, it usually looks for a local ________ D ________ who will cooperate in setting up a joint venture.A manB talentC managerD partner7 If you’re ______ C ______ don’t go to Oslo – it’s Europe’s most expensive city.A hardB hardyC hard upD hard down8 A survey has _______A_________ with some interesting information about the cost of living in our major cities.A come upB show upC put upD live up9 Meals at restaurants cost a _________ C ________ and drinks are very pricey.A expenseB priceC fortuneD fate10 Being kept waiting, being connected to voice mail or being passed on to someoneelse are all common ________ D _______.A flashesB firesC firecrackersD flashpoints11 Reasons for this are ________ B _________, according to Reed.A three piecesB threefoldC threeD triple12 Increasing numbers of transactions take place entirely by phone, from ___ D ____insurance to paying bills.A doingB sellingC buyingD arranging13 As companies move towards ‘remote working’, the need for the right tone of voice_______ A _______ to every level of the organization.A extendsB stretchesC expandsD attaches14 However, globalization has brought problems in the compan y’s overseas plants,and this is having a bad ________ A _______ on its share prices.A effectB influenceC affectD consequence15 A journalist from the Eastern Economist Review suggested recently that thecompany could become the _______ B _______ of a takeover if it didn’t sort out its problems soon.A aimB targetC objectiveD purpose16 Although this helps to lower costs, the materials are often of poor quality. This hasresulted in _______ C _______ orders.A placedB placingC cancelledD canceling17 Recently, a German distributor refused a D of 50,000 blouses.A dealB transactionC cargoD consignment18 When customers want last-minute changes to clothing, the plants cannot meetcustomers’ tight _______ D ______.A timesB periodsC datesD deadlines19 Its latest _______ B ______ were described by a famous fashion expert as ‘boring,behind the times and with no appeal to a fashion-conscious buyer’.A seriesB collectionsC sequencesD present20 Factory workers complain about their wages. They are often expected to work_______ C ________ without extra pay.A overB timeC overtimeD timelyPart II Phrase TranslationDirections: Directions: There are 20 Chinese phrases in this part. You are required to translate them into English and write down your translation on the Answer Sheet. This part totals 20 points, one point for each phrase.1 资本外逃fight of capita2 福利welfare beneifts3 相互让步give-and-take4 国家形象national image5 航空航天公司aerospace company6 全球化公司global company7 就业问题employment problems8 生活水准living standard9 跨文化问题cross-cultural problem10 合资企业joint venture11 本地合伙人local partner12 许可协议licensing agreement13 通货膨胀率inflation rate14 市场调研market research15 远程办公remote working16 全球会议global conference17 股票价格share price18 顾客需求customers’ needs19 低价战略low-pricing strategy20 员工流动率staff turnoverPart III Sentence TranslationDirections: There are 10 sentences in this part. You are required to translate them into Chinese and write down your translation on the Answer Sheet. This part totals 20 points, two points for each sentence.1.There are too many examples in aviation and other sectors of what has happenedto companies that have tried to do that.在航空业和其他行业中想要原地踏步而以失败告终的例子比比皆是2.People are much more likely to express anger over the phone, rather than inwriting or face to face.和书信及面对面交流比起来，人民更容易在电话上发火。

国际商务英语课程教学大纲（完整版）(文档可以直接使用，也可根据实际需要修改使用,可编辑欢迎下载）《国际商务英语》课程教学大纲（Foreign Trade English）课程类型：专业必修课课程编号：N063226适用专业：国际贸易实务专业先修课程：大学英语后续课程：剑桥商务英语，商务英语写作学分：3.5分总学时：56学时其中理论学时:40学时, 实验或上机学时:16学时教学目的与要求：本课程的教学目的：本课程的教学目的是使学生打好学习国际商务英语的专业基础。

通过掌握商务英语的基本词汇，融合大学英语的功底，能熟练阅读商务英语文章。

通过本课程的学习达到以下教学要求：1、知识：结合专业英语学习，扩充有关的外贸业务知识。

熟练掌握一种专业外语，就要熟悉该专业的业务知识。

因此学生在学习本课程时，要注意掌握课文内容和有关的业务知识。

学生应通过本课程的学习，获得大量的有关国际贸易领域的知识。

2、技能：外贸英语虽然是专业课程，但英语综合技能是学好本课程的基础。

因此，在学习本课程的过程中要进一步加强基础英语训练。

没有扎实的英语基本功，“国际商务英语”也很难学好。

3、能力：通过本课程学习，加强商务英语的阅读能力。

本课程为考查课程。

考核方式为闭卷笔试，考试题型一般设有名词解释题、阅读理解题、选择题、翻译题、问答题、案例分析题等。

考核成绩采用百分制评定，平时成绩占30%，期末成绩占70%。

Lesson One The Changing World and DevelopmentText: Changing World and DevelopmentNew WordsSpecial TermsIdioms and ExpressionsWord Study: trade, export & import, and advantages.Additional Reading: E-Life ComprehensionNew words and ExpressionsLesson Two International TradeText: International TradeNews WordsSpecial TermsIdioms and ExpressionsWord Study：Produce, Offer, Quote, Order.Additional Reading: Unique Problems in International Trade New Words and ExpressionsLesson Three Import and ExportText: Import and ExportNew WordsSpecial TermsIdioms and ExpressionsWord Study: Negotiate, Contract, Pay, ShipAdditional Reading: Shipping, Insurance and Customs News Words and ExpressionsLesson Four Letters of CreditText: Letters of CreditNews WordsSpecial TermsIdioms and ExpressionsWord Study: Credit, Stipulate, Confirm, DealLesson Five Trade InformationText：Trade InformationNews WordsSpecial TermsIdioms and ExpressionsWord Study: Market, Involve, Price, ServiceLesson Six Keeping the Customer Satisfied Text：Keeping the Customer SatisfiedNews WordsSpecial TermsIdioms and ExpressionsWord Study: Inform, Value, Commit, CoverLesson Seven Fortune 500Text: Fortune 500News WordsSpecial TermsIdioms and ExpressionsWord Study: Supply, Demand, Firm, StockLesson Eight The Spread of CHINA INCText: The Spread of CHINA INCNews WordsSpecial TermsIdioms and ExpressionsWord Study: Business, Interest, Manage, CostLesson Nine The European UnionText: The European UnionNews WordsSpecial TermsIdioms and ExpressionsWord Study: Average, Bid, Transact, Increase, CompeteAdditional Reading: The EuroNews Words and ExpressionsLesson Ten Transnational CorporationText: Transnational CorporationNews WordsSpecial TermsIdioms and ExpressionsWord Study: Charge, Share, Contribute, IssueAdditional Reading: Third World PowerhousesNews Words and ExpressionsLesson Eleven The Balance of International PaymentsText: The Balance of International PaymentsNews WordsSpecial TermsIdioms and ExpressionsWord Study: Balance, Account, Engage, ConsiderAdditional Reading: The Securities ExchangeNews Words and ExpressionsLesson Twelve Foreign Exchange TradingText: Foreign Exchange TradingNews WordsSpecial TermsIdioms and ExpressionsWord Study: Exchange, Convert, Worth, RateAdditional Reading: Quarterly Market Report— Global Market Perspective News Words and ExpressionsLesson Thirteen The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund Text: The World Bank and the International Monetary FundNews WordsSpecial TermsIdioms and ExpressionsWord Study: Spread, Concern, Proceed, PremiumAdditional Reading: The Joint International VentureNews Words and ExpressionsLesson Fourteen Japan’s Stumbling GiantsText: Japan’s Stumbling GiantsNews WordsSpecial TermsIdioms and ExpressionsWord Study: Economy, Benefit, Apply, PayAdditional Reading: US Needs New Thinking on Global Trade News Words and ExpressionsLesson Fifteen WTO Agrees on New Round to Open MarketsText: WTO Agrees on New Round to Open MarketsNews WordsSpecial TermsIdioms and ExpressionsWord Study: Vary, Insure, Clear, AcceptAdditional Reading: WTO and Its IroniesNews Words and ExpressionsLesson Sixteen The Leadership Primer (I)Text: The Leadership Primer (I)News WordsSpecial TermsIdioms and ExpressionsWord Study: Agree, Limit, Favor, ClaimAdditional Reading: The Leadership Primer (II)News Words and Expressions实践教学商务英语强化实训（1周）实训技能和要求：1、英语语言技能：具备以英语为工作语言的能力。