英汉翻译试卷与答案
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第1份试卷与答案：
EC Translation Examination Paper for 9714001-2
Jan. 5. 2000 （上午）
Name: _____________No. ____________Scores: ______________
I．Fill in the blanks in the following sentences:（20%）
1．严复在《天演论·译例言》（1895）中提出：译事三难_____________。此后100多年来，这就成了我国译界的一个重要的翻译标准。（1%）
2．Five guidelines in the employment of dictionaries in translation:（6%）
a．
b．
c．
d．
e．
f．
3．（3%）英语重________ ，汉语轻____________。
英语多_________，汉语少____________。
英语重_________，汉语轻____________。
4．用英语解释（4%）：
Hypotaxis：__________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Parataxis:_____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
5．用汉语解释（6%）：
Theme：________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Rheme：________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
II．Sentence Translation（翻译时第1和第2句时，请注意形合和意合的处理）：（30%）
1．黎明即起，洒扫庭除：
2．天要下雨，娘要嫁人：
3．There are books and books.
4．It has often noted that those who live, or have lived, in the shadow of death bring a mellow
5．But my mother had not passed this way for years. And the slimness and the stride were long
past, too.
6．The broadcaster, owned by media mogul Rupert Murdoch, is home to "Melrose Place'' where
stars like Heather Locklear sport thigh grazing skirts and plunging necklines.
7．You will have noticed in daily life that when people are inquisitive they nearly always have bad
memories and are usually stupid at bottom.
8．Having sex once or twice a week gives a boost to the immune system that could help ward off
colds and flu, New Scientist magazine said Wednesday.
9/ Forms leaned together in the taxi as they waited, and voices sang, and there was laughter from
unheard jokes, and lighted cigarettes outlined unintelligible gesture inside.
10/ If she had long lost the blue-eyed, flower-like charm, the cool slim purity of face and form, the
apple-blossom coloring which has so swiftly and oddly affected Ashurst twenty-six years ago, she
was still at forty-three a comely and a faithful companion, whose cheeks were faintly mottled, and
whose grey-blue eyes had acquired a certain fullness.
III．Passage translation（50%）：（译文也请写上编号）
1/ Two-Parent Families Growing Scarcer /（From Reuters）
2/ The traditional U.S. household comprised of a married couple with children has become
scarcer, a reflection of more women working and a view that marriage is not always desirable,
researchers said on Wednesday.
3/ The most common living arrangement in the United States consists of unmarried people
and no children, which made up one-third of all households in 1998, double the percentage in
1972.
4/ Meanwhile, the traditional nuclear family -- a married couple with children -- made up 26
percent of households in 1998, down from 45 percent in 1972, according to a survey conducted by
the National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago.
5/ Timothy Smith, director of the survey, attributed the trend to more women in the work
force, driven there by economic necessity and a desire for a career, and a relaxation of social
mores that frowned on cohabitation and on having children outside marriage.
6/ ``Marriage has declined as the central institution under which households are organized
and children are raised,'' Smith said, noting the survey found that 62 percent of working-class
adults reported being married in the 1994-98 period, down from 80 percent in the 1972-77 period.
7/ ``People marry later and divorce and cohabitate more. A growing proportion of children
has been born outside of marriage. Even within marriage the changes have been profound as more
and more women have entered the labor force and gender roles have become more homogenous
between husbands and wives,'' Smith said.
8/ Both parents have jobs in two-thirds of families, compared to just one-third in 1972, the
survey found. The percentage of households in which women worked while their husbands stayed
at home rose to 4 percent in the 1990s from 2 percent in the 1970s.
9/ About half of children now live in a household with their original parents, down from
nearly three-quarters of children living in such households in 1972.
10/ Parents' attitudes toward their children have changed as well, with more looking for them
to take responsibility for themselves. For example, more parents listed hard work as a desirable
