英语课外整理《华夏文化与汉英翻译》
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一、对龙图腾的崇拜在中国大约已绵延了八千多年。
中国龙是古人将鱼、蛇、马、牛等动物与云雾、雷电等自然天象集合而成的一种神物。
中国龙的形成与中华民族的多元融合过程同步。
在中国人的心目中,龙具有开拓变化和团结凝聚的寓意。
(1) 对龙图腾的崇拜在中国大约已绵延了八千多年。
Chinese Dragon totem worship in China has been aroundfor over 8,000 years.(2) 中国龙是古人将鱼、蛇、马、牛等动物与云雾、雷电等自然天象集合而成的一种神物。
The ancients in China considered the dragon (or loong) as a fetish thatcombine s animals including the fish, snake, horse and ox with cloud, thunder, lightning and other natural celestial phenomena. (3) 中国龙的形成与中华民族的多元融合过程同步。
The Chinese dragon was formedin accordance with the multicultural fusion process of the Chinese nation.(4) 在中国人的心目中,龙具有开拓变化和团结凝聚的寓意。
To the Chinese, the dragon signifies innovation and cohesion.二、秧歌舞是中国汉族的一种民间传统舞蹈,通常在北方省份表演。
秧歌舞者通常穿上明亮多彩的表演服装,他们的表演动作有力迅速。
在农历春节、元宵节等节日期间,人们一旦听到锣鼓声,不管外面天气有多冷,他们都会蜂拥到街上看秧歌舞表演。
近年来,中国东北某些城市的老年人自发组织了了秧歌队,队员常年通过跳秧歌舞来保持健康,同时他们也乐在其中。
中国传统文化一、“传统节日”单词预热vocabulary work象征意义 symbolic significance农历 lunar calendar阳历 solar calendar端午节 Dragon Boat Festival元宵节 Lantern Festival清明节 Pure Brightness Day重阳节 Double Ninth Day放逐 be exiled忠臣 loyal minister祭祀亡灵 in memory of sb.龙舟比赛 dragon boat races中秋节Mid Autumn Festival满月 full moon月饼 moon cake饺子 dumplings粥 porridge有关春节的常用词放鞭炮 let off firecrackers耍龙灯 play the dragon lantern耍狮子 play the lion dance拜年 pay a new-year call二、有关“介绍”的翻译•我很高兴向各位介绍中国的主要传统节日。
→I am very happy to have the opportunity to talk to you about major traditional Chinese holidays.表示“介绍情况”时,我们可以这样翻译:1.to share with you brief information•在此,我愿意向朋友们介绍这些方面的情况。
→I'd like to share with you brief information in this respect.2.to give a brief account of•我简单介绍我厂的情况。
→Let me, first of all, give you a brief account of this factory. •在来宾们参观我校之前,请允许我简要介绍一下我校的概况。
第十七章华夏饮食文化的英译实例练习:将下列华夏菜肴名称译为英语1. 凤肝虾仁2. 炒玉兰片3. 凉拌海带4. 芙蓉鸡片5. 双冬肉片6. 清炖狮子头7. 京酱肉丝8. 山珍海味9. 凉拌黄瓜10. 蛋炒饭1. fried shelled shrimps and chicken liver2. fried bamboo shoots3. kelp salad4. fried chicken slices with egg-white5. fried pork slices with mushrooms and bamboo shoots6. stewed minced pork balls7. sauté shredded pork with bean sauce of Beijing style8. delicacies of every kind/delicacies from mountains andwaters/delicacies from land and sea9. cucumber salad10. fried rice with eggsThe masses regard food as their prime want. Appetite for food and sex is nature.【例1】童子鸡【原译】chicken without sex life/ unmarried chicken【分析】将译文回译就是“没有性生活的鸡”和“未婚鸡”。
这两个“经典”译文已经成为翻译界笑谈,常被引用以说明我们对外汉语实用翻译的荒唐与谬误,不过,如果是出于玩笑,这一玩笑着实开得相当成功。
另外一个菜名翻译“经典”的把“干锅鱼头”超级荒谬地译为fuck pot fish head,精彩之极!类似还有把干货译为fuck goods的,都有实证啊!其实英语里有类似表达法:spring chicken。
汉译英练习之一:1、唐装是中国的传统服饰。
从字面上看,唐装就是唐朝的服装,但是现代版的唐装与此没有任何关系,它起源于清朝的满族服饰。
2001年APEC会议上各国政要身着唐装亮相,从那时起,这款新型服饰才流行起来并在国内外大受欢迎。
唐装结合了中国的传统因素和西方的剪裁艺术。
服装的基本造型是中式领子,对襟,手工盘扣,为了外型更美观,肩部加了衬垫。
2、上世纪70年代末,为了控制人口增长,中国开始实行计划生育政策。
如今全国独生子女数量已超2亿。
他们的出现给家庭成员的关系带来了许多变化。
与有兄弟姐妹的孩子相比,独生子女有某些缺点,他们被称为惯坏了的“小皇帝”。
但同时,他们也有一定的优势,如自尊心、独立性和自我意识较强。
他们不应被视为“问题孩子”,他们是中国的未来和希望。
3、黄河,长5464千米,是中国的第二长河,世界第五长河。
若把中国比作昂首挺立的雄鸡,黄河便是雄鸡心脏的动脉(artery)。
在中国古代史上,黄河被称为中华民族的“母亲”,她哺育了千千万万中华儿女。
黄河流域是中华民族的“摇篮(cradle)”,也是中国文化发祥地。
在古代,这里曾经草木茂密,植物丰盛,我们的祖先便在这块广大的土地上劳动生息。
4. 木偶戏可以说是中国最古老的民间艺术(folk art)形式之一,其历史可追溯到2000多年前。
到了宋代(Song Dynasty),所有社会阶层似乎都喜欢上了木偶戏。
中国的民间艺术家们使用包括木头、布、线在内的各种原材料来制作木偶(puppet)。
表演木偶戏时,对话有时还伴着民歌和舞蹈。
其主题一般来自于儿童故事、寓言、神话和传说。
5. 相传有一年天下闹瘟疫,八仙(The Eight Immortals)想到东海瀛洲采药解除人间的瘟疫。
八位仙人约定八月十五在崂山山顶会面。
会面后,各自拿出自己的宝物(charm),倚物渡海。
面对烟波浩淼的大海,徐徐清风扑面而来。
八位仙人说说笑笑向大海彼岸漂去。
之后民间流传谚语“八仙过海,各显神通”,比喻人们做某件事情或竞赛时,各自都有一套办法或本领。
Unit1 中国丝绸中国是丝绸的故乡。
栽桑、养蚕、缫丝、织绸是中国古代人民的伟大发明。
商周时期(前1600——前256)丝绸的生产技术就已发展到相当高的水平。
西汉(前206——公元25)时张蹇通西域,把中元与波斯湾、地中海紧密联系起来,开辟了中外交流贸易的新纪元。
从此中国的丝绸以其卓越的品质、精美的花色和丰富的文化内涵闻名于世,成为中国文化的象征、东方文明的使者。
Chinese SilkChina is the home of silk. Mulberry planting, sericulture, silk reeling and thickening are all great inventions of the ancient Chinese. As early as the Shang and Zhou Dynasties (1600-BC256BC), the Chinese people’s silk-weaving techniques had reached an extremely high level. During the Western Han Dynasty(206BC-25AD),Zhang Jian ,an outstanding diplomat ,traveled around central Asia and connected China with the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean, opening up a new era of Sino-foreign trade, exchange and communication. From then on, China’s silk became well known for its extraordinary quality, exquisite design and color , and abundant cultural connotations. Hitherto, Chinese silk has been accepted as a symbol of Chinese culture and the emissary of oriental civilization.Unit 2 中国园林中国园林是把人造的山水、植物、建筑等与自然地貌有机结合的环境艺术,是我国古代建筑艺术的珍宝。
中国文化英语教程unit15翻译
目录
1.翻译中国文化英语教程 unit15 的重要性
2.中国文化英语教程 unit15 的主要内容
3.如何更好地学习和理解中国文化英语教程 unit15
4.中国文化英语教程 unit15 的实际应用
正文
【翻译中国文化英语教程 unit15 的重要性】
随着中国的崛起,越来越多的人开始学习中文,并希望通过学习中文来了解中国的文化。
而中国文化英语教程 unit15 就是一本很好的教材,可以帮助我们了解中国的文化。
【中国文化英语教程 unit15 的主要内容】
中国文化英语教程 unit15 主要介绍了中国的传统文化,包括中国的传统节日、传统饮食、传统服饰、传统建筑等。
同时,也介绍了中国的历史和文化名人,以及他们的故事和成就。
【如何更好地学习和理解中国文化英语教程 unit15】
要更好地学习和理解中国文化英语教程 unit15,我们需要结合实际生活中的例子来学习,同时也要通过观看相关的视频和图片,以及阅读相关的文章来增加对中文的理解和认识。
【中国文化英语教程 unit15 的实际应用】
中国文化英语教程 unit15 不仅可以帮助我们了解中国的文化,还可以帮助我们在实际生活中更好地和中国人进行沟通和交流。
同时,也可以帮助我们更好地理解中国的文化和社会,为我们在中国的生活和工作提供
帮助。
SummaryThe passage discusses Confucius’ theory of cultivating one’s behavior toward family and society. It begins with the introduction of historical background of his time – the Spring and Autumn Period. It experienced a dramatic change of social system and prolonged chaos and fighting. As a result, the cultural tradition inherited from ancient times was corrupted. Confucius wanted to restore the great tradition abandoned (抛弃) by people and established harmonious social relationships among people. To realize this, Confucius proposed self-cultivation with the starting point from feelings to parents. The feelings are nourished and cultivated into family reverence. The love for parents extends to other people as one begins to《论语》是儒家学派的经典著作 ( classics) 之一,该书记录了(records)孔子及其弟子的言行,传授儒家的主要思想(central theme):仁、义(righteousness)、礼、智,其中仁是儒家的核心价值观(kernel value)。
中国文化汉译英(常见而又生疏的)Historical EventsChen Sheng-Wu Guang Upring 陈胜吴广起义Golden Years of Zhenguan 贞观之治Peace and Prosperity of the Kaiyuan Years 开元盛世Literary Inquisition 文字狱The Opium Wars 鸦片战争Burning of the Imperial Palace 火烧圆明园Anecdotes of Famous Historical FiguresSun Wu Demonstrated Troop Training 孙武演阵The King of Yue State Endured Self-imposed Hardships 越王勾践卧薪尝胆Su Wu Tended Sheep 苏武牧羊The Event of National History Coppilation 国史事件Tang Xuanzang’s Pilgrimage 唐玄奘取经Ancient ClassicsConfusion Classic 经部Historical Classic 史部Philosophical and Scientific Classics 子部Literary Classics 集部Classic Series 丛书The Book of Songs 诗经Poetry of South 楚辞Yue Fu Ballad 乐府民歌Prose Romances of the Tang Dynasty 唐传奇The Prose of the Tang and Song Dynasties 唐宋散文Ci-poetry of the Song Dynasty 宋词The Chinese Allusions, Legends and FolktalesThe creation of the world 开天辟地Nv Wa Created Humans 女娲造人Nv Wa Mended the Fallen Heaven 女娲补天Kua Fu Chased the Sun 夸父逐日Jing Wei Attempted to Fill Up the Sea 精卫填海Yi Shot Down Ten Suns 后羿射日Yu Gong Wanted To Move Two Mountains 愚公移山Meng Jiang Nv Cried the Great Wall Down 孟姜女哭长城The Love Story of Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai 梁山伯与祝英台A Biography of the White Snake 白蛇传Historical SitesThe Mausoleum of Huangdi 黄帝陵The Ruin of the Old Summer Palace 圆明园遗址The Sun and Moon Lake 日月潭Traditional Chinese MusicXiao Xiang Water and Cloud 潇湘水云An Overall Ambush 十面埋伏Playing Xiao and Drum Under the Setting Sun 夕阳箫鼓The Moon over a Fountain 二潭映月Singing on the Returning Fishing Boats 渔舟唱晚Raindrops rattling on the Banana Leaves 雨打芭蕉Traditional Chinese PaintingOde to the Luo Goddess 洛神图(顾恺之东晋)The Imperial Carriage 步辇图(阎立本唐)The Lady Weaving a Fan 挥扇仕女图(周昉唐)Han Xizai Holding a Night Banquet 韩熙载夜宴图(顾闳中五代南唐)The Snow Covered Woods 雪景寒林图(范宽宋)A Boundless View 千里江山图(王希孟宋)Residence in the Fuchun Mountain 富春山居图(黄公望元)Water Hibiscus 出水芙蓉图(佚名。
2013年12月改革后四六级段落翻译考纲新增考点“社会民生”必备词句【背会典型18句,再出啥题都全对】1、句子翻译改为整个段落汉译英翻译。
2、考试范围由“校园文化、民生发展、科技兴国、生命科学、求职就业”改为“校园文化、社会民生、餐饮娱乐、民生发展、科技兴国、生命科学、求职就业、新兴学科发展、中国传统文化”,其中亮点就是把“民生发展”改为了“社会民生”,这就要求我们对国家的经济发展、社会热点话题、、教育与生活常识等有一定的了解。
为此,针对社会民生,需要掌握以下社会话题语句的通用表达,必背!背下这15句,社会民生考点将一分不丢。
1、为了切实保护儿童权益,中国的立法、司法、政府各有关部门以及社会团体都建立了相应的机制,以监督、实施和促进保护儿童事业的健康发展。
// 中国政府动员社会采取多种方式关心和帮助残疾儿童的成长,大力弘扬残疾儿童自强不息的精神,倡导团结、友爱、互助的道德风尚。
// 中国民族素有“携幼”,“爱幼”的传统美德,中国古语“有无有以及人之幼”了流传至今。
// 我们要在全社会倡导树立“爱护儿童、教育儿童、为儿童做表率、为儿童办实事”的公民意识,并努力为儿童事业的发展创造良好的社会条件。
//To effectively protect children’s rightsand interests, china’s legislation, judicial and government depart mentsconcerned as well as non-governmental organizations have set up correspondingmechanisms to s upervise, facilitate and promote the healthy development of thework on protecting children.// The Chin ese government has done a great deal tomobilize various circles in society to care for, in various manne rs , thedevelopment of disabled children, to greatly encourage the spirit of unceasingself-improvement among physically disadvantaged children and to advocate thevalued social virtues of unity, friendship a nd mutual aid.// The Chinese nationhas long cultivated the traditional virtues of “bring up the young” a nd caringfor the young”. An old Chinese saying that “love our children and love others’children in the s ame manner” is still very popular.// We should urge thesociety at large to raise the awareness of importa nce of “protecting andeducating children, and setting a good example and doing practical thing forchild ren”. We will spare no efforts to create favorable social conditions forthe progress of child development programs.//2、中国将进一步发展经济、扩大开放,这对海外企业(enterprises)意味着更多的商机。
•Week5•heavy rain 暴雨•heavy sky 乌云密布的天空•heavy load 重负载•heavy industry重工业•heavy style晦涩的文体•heavy blow沉重的打击•heavy casualty 惨重的伤亡•heavy fate命运•heavy news悲痛的消息,坏消息•heavy features浓眉大眼•heavy food难消化的食物•heavy wine烈酒•heavy eater食量大的人•heavy smoker 烟瘾大的人,老烟枪瘾君子•heavy fire烈火•heavy crop丰收•heavy task 繁重的任务•heavy current强电流•heavy machine 重机械•heavy sleep酣睡•heavy taxes重税•heavy road 泥泞的路•heavy applause热烈的掌声•heavy traffic 拥挤的交通•heavy sea巨浪•硬包装, hard package,•硬笔(书法), (calligraphical works done with) hard-tipped,•硬塑料, rigid plastic,•硬武器, lethal/destructive weapon,•硬汉, tough/dauntless/unyielding man,•硬话, strong/harsh words,•硬功夫, great skill/high proficiency•硬道理 , absolute principle.•正式合同:formal contract, written contract, sealed contract, contract•长纪录片:long documentary•拥挤的交通:heavy traffic•强硬的政策:tough policy•铁一般的事实:hard fact•供不应求的市场:tight market•学习知识: acquire/ obtain knowledge •创奇迹: do/ work wonders •碰运气: take a chance •扎根: take root•打井: dig wells•受贿: accept a bribe•提高经济效益: enhance economic performance, increase economic returns•实现个人价值: realize one’s personal value•普及义务教育: extend compulsory education•用发展的眼光看中国: see china in the light of her development•秦始皇统一了中国,统一了度量衡、文字和钱币。
•Qin Shi Huang unified China and standardized the forms of writing and coinage and weights and measures. •••I got on horseback within ten minutes after I got your letter. When I got to Canterbury I got a chaise for town, but I got wet through, and have got such a cold that I shall not get rid of it in a hurry. I got to the Treasury about noon, but first of all got shaved and dressed. I soon got into the secret of getting a memorial before the Board, but I could not get one next morning. As soon as I got back to my inn, I got my breakfast, and having got dressed, I got out in time to get an answer to my memorial. As soon as I got it,I got into a chaise, and got back to Canterbury by three, and got home for tea. I have got nothing for you,and so adieu.•:收到你的来信不到十分钟,我就骑上马背出发了。
当我到达坎特伯雷后我乘上一辆去城镇的马车,可是我全身都湿透了并且感冒了,应该不能马上就好。
中午我到达财政部,但我首先得刮刮脸,换一下衣服。
很快我就得知了一个关于在开董事会之前得到请愿书的秘密,但是等到第二天我无法从那得到任何答复了。
于是我尽快一回到旅馆就吃早餐,接着把衣服给换了,立刻就出去,取回我那请愿书的答复。
一得到答复我就踏上了马车,赶回达坎特伯雷之后已是下午三点,回到家后喝了下午茶。
七:我还没为你拿过什么消息回来,我们再会吧。
••Week6•They are as thick as thieves. 他们非常亲密/亲如兄弟/情同手足•bookish” & “book worm”书卷气,书迷•上厕所的委婉语•to go into retreat, to go to one’s private office,to go to the bank, to go to Egypt, to go tap a kidney, to spend a penny, to cash a check,to see a man about a dog, to shake hands with an old friends, to see one’s aunt, to visit the sandbox, to fix one’s face, to powder one’s nose, to do a job for oneself, to do one’s duty/needs/business,to see John, to ease one’s nature, to perform one’s ablution, to pluck a rose, to water the lawn, shake dew off the lily, to shoot a lion, to have a bio-break, to look at those foul verses in Poet’s Corner, to hit and miss, etc.•Ppt12•visual surveillance 视觉监控•surgical strike 外科手术式打击•air support 空中支援•strategic movement to the rear 阶段性转移•strategic village 战略村•week8:no14•Some words and expressions are almost always used in the plural form:•binoculars 双筒望远镜, pants, trousers, scissors, pincers 钳子, pliers 老虎钳, spectacles 眼镜, annals 年报, remains 遗迹,遗体, etc.• Some terms are habitually plural in form but are treated as singulars:•the United States, the United Nations, the Philippines, etc.•week9•ppt2生米做成熟饭what’s done is done 意译2. 癞蛤蟆想吃天鹅肉the toad on the ground wanting to eat the goose in the sky 直译3. 切片/切碎/腌/去皮slicing/ mincing/ pickling, salting/ skinning, peeling4. 炒/煎/煮/蒸/煲stir-frying/ pan-frying/ boiling/ steaming/ stewing5. 叉烧肉/白切鸡/涮羊肉/红烧肉/叫化鸡barbecued pork, roast pork fillet/ steamed chicken/ instant boiled mutton/ braised pork with brown sauce/ baked mud-coated chicken, beggar’s chicken6. 知识始自实践。
Knowledge begins with practice.B. 请列举中国著名的八大菜系,并任选一种介绍其特色之处。
Fujian Cuisine, Sichuan Cuisine, Cantonese Cuisine, Beijing Cuisine, Shandong Cuisine, Jiangsu Cuisine, Hunan Cuisine, Anhui Cuisine.Cantonese Cuisine focuses on color, smell, taste, appealing. It has five features: pure, fresh, tender(嫩), flowing texture (滑), crispy (爽). The main methods of making Cantonese foods includes quick-frying爆炒, steaming, boiling, stewing and frying烹.•Ppt6•仰卧(俯卧) lie on one’s back (stomach)•倒立 stand on one’s hand•蛙泳 breaststroke•双杠 parallel bars•活字典 walking dictionary•内部刊物 restricted publications•应用题 story problem•走读生 day student•非处方药 over-the-counter medicine•门诊病人 outpatient•餐具 tableware•保暖杯 vacuum flask•汗衫 T-shirt•秒表 stopwatch•家谱 family tree•隐形眼镜 contact lens•候机室 departure lounge••美人计 honey trap••手扶拖拉机 walking tractor•乳臭未干 still wet behind the ears•画蛇添足 put a fifth wheel to the cart•companion volume 姐妹篇•glass eye 玻璃假眼,马的一种盲症•school report 学生成绩报告单•九五折 five percent discount•不二价 uniform price•传销 pyramid sale•standing clock 座钟•三角债 debt chain•一次性筷子 throwaway chopsticks•一次性杯子 sanitary(卫生的清洁的) cup;disposable cup•一次性包装 disposable packaging•Week13“He is professional.”他是一个职业拳击手“She is professional.”她是一个职业妓女“恨铁不成钢。