江苏省泰州市08-09学年高一下学期期末联考(语文)

江苏省泰州市靖江第一高级中学2021-2022学年高三语文期末试卷含解析一、现代文阅读（35分，共3题）1. 阅读下段文字，完成6---9题。

做一个有道德的物种！（有删节）人类只有一个地球，但是地球上不只有人类。

这话的前半句是说，地球有限，资源有限，承载垃圾的能力也有限。

后半句是我加上去的，意思也很明显，这个有限的地球并不是仅属于人的，而是属于所有生灵的。

我们必须考虑唯一地球中的其他生灵，必须考虑与自然相处的伦理问题，不妨直接提出一个倡议：做一个有道德的物种！一个有道德的人，在夜半归来的时候，要放低声音，因为考虑到他人已经睡觉；一个有道德的人，在狭路慢骑的时候，要靠在一边，因为考虑到他人可能超车；一个有道德的人，即使在无人看管的大田里拿了个西瓜，也会留下半块大洋，而不会心安理得地一走了之。

伦理也许是力量博弈的结果，但是一个有道德的人，应该有发自内心的做一个好人的自觉。

如果你要等着熟睡的人和超车的人跑到眼前来主张他们的权利，并且只有在人家齿利拳硬的时候才肯放低声音，靠在一边，那你就不是一个有道德的人。

道德常常在向弱者的妥协中更能显现，比如金庸小说中的风波恶，当他面对一位不会武功的农夫，便不肯以武功相欺——于是得到了大侠萧峰的道德认可。

也正是因为如此，踢寡妇门挖绝户坟，才被传统农民视为最缺德的行为，只有最没有道德的人才做得出来。

一个有道德的人，他有道德的前提是承认对方的权利，而与对方是否主张自己的权利，是否有能力主张自己的权利无关。

如果人类要做一个有道德的物种，前提是承认其他物种具有与我们同等的权利，把长期以来我们认为自己天经地义就应该拥有的一部分利益交还出去，并改变我们与自然相处的方式。

这种承认必须不是出于外力的压迫，而是出于自己的道德自觉，才能使我们成为有道德的物种。

正如解放黑奴，并非是由于黑人的力量强大到了白人不得不妥协的程度，而是出于一部分白人的道德自觉。

作为一个有道德的物种，人类必须考虑，他的行为是否影响到了其他物种的生活。

2023-2024学年江苏省泰州市兴化市高一（上）期末英语试卷一、选词填空-句子：本大题共4小题，共2分。

1.Our ______（最初的） plan was to see a film at the cinema that afternoon.2.Though he has never met any aliens， he believes they do______（存在）．3.D ______ an IQ of 75，Forrest Gump lives a truly amazing life.4.According to the rules of the company． Workers are f______to smoke in working hours．二、阅读理解：本大题共12小题，共30分。

AAmerican children aren't the only couch potatoes out there.Nearly one third of children in the world spend three hours a day or more watching TV or playing computers，according to a study of over 70，000 teens in 34 nations. From Argentina to Zambia，Regina Guthold of the World Health Organization in Geneva and her colleagues found that most children aren't getting enough exercise. "In terms of physical activity levels，we did not find much of a difference between poor and rich countries，" Guthold told Reuters Health. "Growing up in a poor country does not necessarily mean that kids get more physical activity."The study，published in The Journal of Pediatrics，looked at 72，845 schoolchildren aged 13 to 15 from Africa，North and South America，Asia，Europe，and the Middle East.The researchers defined enough physical activity as at least an hour of exercise outside of gym class at least five days a week.Children who spent three or more hours a day watching TV，playing computer games，or chatting with friends—aside from time in school or time spent doing homework—were considered as .The researchers found only one quarter of the boys and 15 percent of the girls were getting enough exercise bythese definitions .A quarter of the boys and nearly 30 percent of the girls sat too much and didn't get enough exercise.Children in Myanmar were the least sedentary，with 13 percent of boys and 8 percent of girls classified as sedentary.Girls were less active than boys in every country except for Zambia.Uruguay had the highest percentage of active boys，at 42 percent，while Zambia had the lowest，at 8 percent.Girls from India were the most active，with 37 percent meeting exercise definitions，while girls from Egypt were the least active，with just 4 percent getting enough exercise.While the study didn't look at the reasons behind the lack of physical activity in various nations，Guthold guessedthat urbanization （城市化） could be a factor as well as being able to use cars and TVs.She said schools can help children become more active by having physical education classes and educating students about the importance of exercise.5.What does the underlined word "sedentary" in paragraph 4 mean？______A. Addicted.B. Flexible.C. Inactive.D. Unhealthy.6.What can we know from the study？______A. Boys from Uruguay were the most active.B. Most girls from India got enough exercise.C. Children in Europe get more physical activity.D. Boys are more active than girls in every country.7.How does the writer present the findings of the study？______A. By using quotations and taking examples.B. By listing figures and making comparisons.C. By asking questions and providing answers.D. By presenting facts and drawing conclusions.8.Which of the following factors probably lead to children's lack of physical activity？______A. Computers and potatoes.B. Computers and urbanization.C. Urbanization and physical education.D. Physical education and homework.BJust being intelligent （聪明的） doesn't mean someone will be successful.And just because someone is less intelligent doesn't mean that person will fail.That's one take-home message from the work of people like Angela Duckworth，who works at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia.Like many other scientists，Duckworth wondered what makes one person more successful than another.When digging deeper，Duckworth found that the people who performed best shared a quality independent of intelligence.They had what she now calls grit （毅力）.Duckworth developed a set of questions to test it.She calls it her "grit scale （量表）."I n one study of people 25 and older，she found that as people age，they become more likely to stick with aproject.She also found that git increases with education.People who finished college scored higher on the grit scale than people who quit before graduation.People who went to graduate school after college scored even higher. She then did another study with college students.Duckworth wanted to see how intelligence and grit influenced performance in school.So she compared scores on college-entrance exams，which measure IQ，to school grades and scores on the grit scale.Students with higher grades tended to have more grit.That's not surprising.Getting good grades takes both smarts and hard work.But some people counter that this grit means success.Among those people is Marcus Crede，a professor at Iowa State University in Ames.He recently pooled the results of 88 studies on grit.Together，those studies tested nearly 67，000 people.And grit did not predict success，Crede found.However，he thinks grit is very similar to someone's ability to set goals，work toward them and think things through before acting."Study habits and skills，test anxiety and class attendance are far more strongly connected to school grades than grit，" Crede says. "We can teach students how to study well.We can help them with their test anxiety，" he adds. "I'm not sure we can do that with grit."9.What can we know from the first two paragraphs？______A. Intelligence determines success.B. Not all smart people will succeed.C. Duckworth redesigned a grit scale.D. Grit decides how intelligent one might be.10.What might influence a person's grit according to Angela Duckworth's findings？______A. Lifestyle.B. Family.C. Personality.D. Education.11.What does the underlined word " counter" in paragraph 5 mean？______A. Comment.B. Disagree.C. Recognize.D. Warn.12.What can be inferred from the last paragraph？______A. Grit can hardly be taught.B. Grit can be improved easilyC. Grit is strongly related to test anxiety.D. Grit has nothing to do with school grades.CWith enough money，it's possible to do something unbelievable in Dubai and now you can add another to the list — walking on the moon.Recently，Canadian architectural company Moon World Resorts announced plans to construct a ﹩5 billion resort （度假村） that looks like the moon in Dubai.The project，named Moon Dubai，is meant to help visitors experience space tourism，which allows guests to find out what it is like to walk on the moon.The resort will be very luxurious and contemporary，with a lot of components inside that one would already know — for example，a wellness area，residential properties，restaurants，a convention center，and a spa，each with a lunar twist （月球扭）.It will also include a training platform for space agencies and astronauts.Space tourism currently comes with a big price tag，and it's a barrier to entry for most travelers.However，the moon resort experience will be significantly cheaper.A walk on the lunar surface of the moon resort is much more affordable at ﹩500."Moon Dubai will significantly impact every aspect of the UAE's economy，including tourism，transportation，commercial and residential real estate，infrastructure，financial services，aviation and space，energy，agriculture，technology and of course education，" says Michael R.Henderson，co-founder of Moon World Resorts. "It will be the largest and most successful modern-day tourism project in the MENA region，doubling annual tourism visitations to Dubai based on its global appeal，brand awareness and unique multiple integrated offerings."Whether the project will eventually take off is currently unknown.If the design can be successful，it will require a 12-month pre-development planning program and a 48-month building process.But the company's plan is viable （可行的）.Moreover，Henderson estimated that the moon resort could open in 2027.13.What do we know about the moon resort？______A. It is designed to send people to the moon.B. It is a cheaper option for space tourism.C. It serves as a platform for scientists to explore space.D. It provides visitors with space classes taught by astronauts.14.What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about？______A. The features of the moon resort.B. The key role of tourism in Dubai.C. The potential value of Moon Dubai.D. The purpose of carrying out Moon Dubai.15.What stage is the moon resort at？______A. Test.B. Design.C. Operation.D. Construction.16.What is the main purpose of this text？______A. To introduce a tourism project in Dubai.B. To encourage people to visit the moon resort.C. To show the development of Dubai's space industry.D. To present the commercial success of Moon World Resorts.三、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。

备战2023-2024学年七年级语文下学期期末真题分类汇编（江苏专用）专题09作文（解析版）（三种形式:小作文全命题作文半命题作文）形式一：小作文1．（2023年春·江苏省无锡市锡山区·七年级期末统考）在朗诵比赛中，第一小组集体朗诵了《木兰诗》，接着第二小组将要朗诵《黄河颂》。

请你为第二小组写一段串联词，使前后两个节目衔接自然，不超过80字。

【答案】示例：感谢第一组同学声情并茂的朗诵，再现了古代花木兰的形象；今天，中华儿女以黄河奔腾的气势，表达了抗战到底的决心。

下面请欣赏第二小组的诗朗诵《黄河颂》。

（在两个节目间能承上启下；语序通顺即可，）【详解】本题考查学生拟写串联词的写作能力。

串联词就是在文艺演出或主题活动中串联节目与主题、节目与节目或上一环节与下一环节的简短语句。

串联词一般有以下特点：承上启下、简明得体、有文采。

此题要求为舞蹈《木兰诗》与《追梦路上》，这两个节目写几句串联词，只要所写语句能够起到承上启下的作用，语言简明得体、有文采即可。

示例：第一小组同学关于《木兰诗》的朗诵，让我们感受到了中华儿女那炽热的爱国之情！下面让我们继续从第二小组同学为大家朗诵的《黄河颂》中来感受黄河的惊涛澎湃，感受到了中华历史的源远流长，感受到了中华儿女对祖国的一片赤诚！2．（2023年春·江苏省徐州市·七年级期末统考）你陪小苏游览徐州博物馆，在二楼汉代文物陈列展厅里，小苏对右面这幅与烧烤相关的汉画像石图片特别感兴趣。

请你用简洁的语言向他介绍这幅图片。

【答案】画面生动再现了东汉时期人们宴饮的一个场景（或：惟妙惟肖地生动地/再现了汉代生活场景）：二人坐于榻上，一人拱手，另一人手持肉串正在一圆形炉子上炙烤，画风古朴生动，说明在汉代吃烤肉已是很普遍的生活方式。

（意思接近或其他答案合理即可）【详解】本题考查图文转换。

示例：仔细观察这幅画，我们可以发现这幅画其实是一个汉代人生活的一个场景，两个人坐在一个烤炉的前面，吃着烧烤，说明在汉代吃烤肉已经比较普遍了。

江苏省泰州市2023-2024学年高一上学期物理期末试卷一、单项选择题：共11题，每题4分，共44分。

每题只有一个选项最符合题意。

1．2023年世界大学生夏季运动会在成都举行，下列说法中较为正确的是（）A．研究跳水姿势时，可以将运动员视为质点B．田径800m项目，“800m”指运动员的路程C．田径1500m项目，运动员的位移大小是300mD．中国运动员在10000米决赛中以33分48秒35夺冠，“33分48秒35”是时刻2．一辆汽车在教练场上沿平直道路行驶，以x表示它相对于出发点的位移。

汽车在0到40s内的x—t图像如图所示。

下列关于汽车的说法正确的是（）A．前10s匀加速运动B．10s时速度达到最大C．20s时开始驶向出发点D．40s内的平均速度大小为3m/s3．2023年2月10日，“神舟十五号”航天员乘组圆满完成出舱既定任务，“黑科技”组合机械臂发挥了较大作用。

图示机械臂绕O点旋转时，机械臂上A、B两点的线速度v、向心加速度a的大小关系正确的是（）A．v A<v B，a A<a B B．v A<v B，a A>a BC．v A>v B，a A<a B D．v A>v B，a A>a B4．如图所示，一只蜗牛沿着圆弧型葡萄枝从位置M向位置N缓慢爬行的过程中，下列说法中正确的是（）A．葡萄枝对蜗牛的摩擦力一直减小B．葡萄枝对蜗牛的作用力先变大后减小C．葡萄枝受到的压力是葡萄枝发生形变产生的D．葡萄枝对蜗牛的支持力和蜗牛对葡萄枝的压力大小一定相等5．如图所示，歼-20战机沿曲线由M向N转弯，速度逐渐增大。

在此过程中歼-20战机所受合力F的方向可能是（）A．B．C．D．6．右图为某小组“探究两个互成角度的力的合成规律”的实验示意图，乙图中OG为橡皮筋，OB、OC为细绳，O为橡皮筋与细绳的结点。

下列关于本实验的说法正确的是（）A．弹簧测力计在使用前不需要校零B．OB、OC两细绳不可以用橡皮筋代替C．本实验采用的科学方法是控制变量法D．本实验应作出力的图示来探究合力与分力的关系7．用如图所示装置研究平抛运动。