人教版初三(上)英语第8讲：UNIT 4 语法篇(教师版) -广渠门于芳
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Unit 4 语法篇
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熟练掌握本章重点语法知识。
used to do sth.用法小结
ed to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”，只表示过去和现在对比，暗示现在不做了。to为动词不定式符号，后接动词原形。
eg：He used to go to school at six o’clock.他过去常常六点去学校。
2. used to do sth.的否定形式：
usedn’t to do sth.
主语+ used not to do sth.
didn’t use to do sth.
eg; He used to watch TV all day.他过去常常整天看电视。
→He usedn’t to watch TV all day.
＝He didn’t used to watch TV all day.他过去不常常整天地看电视。
注意：usedn’t= used not
3. used to do的疑问形式及其答语：
(1)Used+主语＋to do...？
回答：Yes，sb. used to.／No，sb. usedn’t to.
eg：Tom used to read books.一Used Tom to read books？
Yes，he used to.／No，he usedn’t to.
(2) Did十主语＋use to do...?
回答：Yes，sb. did.／No，sb. didn’t
eg：I used to do homework after school.
→Did you use to do homework after school？ Yes，I did. /No，I didn’t.
ed to do的反意疑问句形式也有两种，类似于否定句形式。
eg：-They used to go to the concert on Sunday，usedn’t/didn’t they？
一Yes，they used to.／No，they usedn’t to.
(一Yes，they did.／No，they didn’t.)
ed to也可用于there be结构，表示“过去常有”
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eg：There used to be a meeting every Monday morning last month.上个月每星期一上午总要开会。
6.拓展：
sb. get/be used to ( doing) sth.某人习惯于(干)某事；
use sth. to do sth.用某物做某事；
sth.be used to do sth.某物被用于做某事；
be used for(doing) sth.用于做某事；
be used by sb.被某人所用。
反意疑问句:
① 陈述部分的主语为 this, that, 疑问部分主语用it; 陈述部分主语用 these, those, 疑问部分用they
做主语.
例: This is a new story, isn’t it? Those are your parents, aren’t they?
② 陈述部分是 there be 结构, 疑问部分仍用 there
例: There was a man named Paul, wasn’t there?
③ I am 后的疑问句, 用aren’t I ? 例: I am in Class 2, aren’t I?
④ 陈述部分与含有 not, no, never, few, little, hardly, seldom, neither, none 等词时,疑问部分用肯定.例:
Few people liked this movie, did they?
但陈述句中若带有否定前缀或后缀的单词时, 这个句子仍视为肯定, 后面仍用否定.
例: Your sister is unhappy, isn’t she?
⑤ 陈述部分的主语若为不定式或 V-ing 短语, 疑问部分主语用it.
例: To spend so much money on clothes is unnecessary, isn’t it?
⑥ 陈述句中主语是 nobody, no one, everyone, everybody 等指人的不定代词时,疑问部分用they做主语; 若陈述部分主语是 something, anything, noting, everything 等指事物的不定代词时, 疑问部分用it 做主语.
例: Nobody says one word about the accident, do they?
Everything seems perfect, doesn’t it?
⑦ 当主语是第一人称I时, 若谓动为think, believe, guess 等词时, 且其后跟宾丛,这时疑问句部分的人称, 时态要与宾语从句保持一致, 同时还要考虑否定转移.
例: I don’t think he can finish the work in time, can he?
⑧ 前面是祈使句, 后用 will you? (let’s 开头时, 后用shall we?)
1 There_________ a restaurant here.
A. used to B. used to be
C. used to have D. is used to be
2 He showed _______ in English last year. And he is _______ in English.
A. interest, much interested
B. interest, more interested
C. interesting, much interest
D. interesting, more interested
3. I often sleep ____ windows ____ all year round.
A. with, close B. with, open
C. having, close D. leaving, opened
4. Tom’s grandfather used to take a walk in the park, __________?
A. doesn’t he B. don’t they
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C. did he D. didn't he
5. I didn’t understand ________________ , so I raised my hand to ask him.
A. what my teacher says
B. what does my teacher say
C. what my teacher said
D. what did my teacher say
解析：
1. used to do表示过去经常的习惯，He used to go fishing on Sunday.他以前常在星期天去钓鱼。This
river used to be clean. 这条何以前是干净的。be/get used to sth/doing sth 表示习惯作某事，故答案为B 。
2. show interest in 在某方面表现出兴趣，be interested in对某事感兴趣，more interested 是比较级，因此正确的答案是B。
3. 分析句子结构I sleep为完整的主谓结构;后部分为修饰语，表示一种状态, with, having, leaving后均可接介词、副词、形容词或动词的分词形式，表状态, 但分析各选项，close为动词， opened为过去分词，表示被动，open为形容词，表示状态；故选B。
4. 本题考查used to结构的反义疑问句。由于前半部分为肯定且主语为Tom’s grandfather，所以反义疑问部分为否定加第三人称主格。
5. 宾语从句的考查。宾语从句在选择时应注意语序、特殊疑问词和时态。本题中由于B、D选项中含有助动词为疑问句，故语序不对。主句为I didn’t understand，时态为一般过去式，故从句时态也应为一般过去时，故选C。
基础演练
一.根据中文意思完成句子
1．他过去习惯早起。
He used to________.
2．你过去经常弹钢琴吗?
________ play the piano?
3．我过去怕在别人面前说话。
I used to be afraid of________.
4．我过去早餐吃汉堡，现在早餐吃热狗。
I used to eat a hamburger for breakfast，________
5．我改变很多。我现在喜欢交朋友。
I’ve changed a lot. I like ________.
答案:
1. get up early
2. Did you use to
3. speaking in front of people
4. but now I have a hot dog for breakfast
5. making friends now
巩固提高
