毕业设计说明书(论文)作者：学号：学院：班级：专业：□∨自动化□测控技术与仪器所在系：□∨控制科学与工程□仪器科学与技术题目：先进PID在火电厂锅炉汽包水位控制中的应用指导者：签字：(姓名) (专业技术职务)评阅者：(姓名) (专业技术职务)年月吉林摘要摘要锅炉作为火力发电厂的三大主机中最基本的能量转换设备,它的控制水平直接关系到电厂的安全、经济运行.汽包水位是锅炉正常运行中的重要参数,同时,它还是衡量锅炉汽水系统物质是否平衡的标志,维持锅炉汽包水位在规定的范围内,是保证锅炉安全运行的必要条件,也是锅炉正常运行的主要指标之一.如果汽包水位过高,会影响汽包的汽水分离装置的正常工作,导致锅炉出口蒸汽带水和含盐量过大,使过热器受热面结垢甚至遭到破坏,影响机组的正常运行和经济性指标;如果汽包水位过低,会使锅炉水循环工况破坏,造成水冷壁供水不足而被烧坏.所以研究锅炉汽包水位的控制有着重要的意义.目前锅炉汽包水位的控制大多采用常规PID 控制方式,由于其控制参数是固定不变的,不能进行在线调整,其控制效果往往难以满足要求.常规模糊控制也有应用,但存在静态误差大等缺陷.模糊自适应PID控制算法能在线整定、优化PID参数,理论上可以完全消除系统静态误差.将模糊自适应PID控制理论应用于带前馈的串级三冲量汽包水位控制系统中,不需要对系统模型进行较大的改动,就能够获得较好的控制效果.本文首先分析了影响汽包水位的各种干扰因素,并对汽包水位的动、静态特性进行分析.以MATLAB /SIMULINK为仿真平台,构建汽包水位三冲量控制系统,分别采用常规PID控制器、模糊PID控制器、模糊自适应PID控制器.通过比较仿真结果,发现使用先进PID控制算法能有效地加快响应速度、减小超调量、减少调节时间、提高克服扰动的能力.关键词：汽包水位;模糊控制;自适应;PID东北电力大学自动化工程学院学士学位论文ABSTRACTBoiler is the basic energy conversion device which is one of three important devices in coal-fired power plants that level of control is directly related to the safety, economic operation of power plants. Drum water level is an important parameter in the normal operation of the boiler, at the same time, It is also the sign of measuring whether the boiler system material balance, maintaining of the boiler drum water level within the specified range is a necessary condition to ensure the safe operation of the boiler, but also one of the key indicators for normal operation of the boiler. If the water level affects the soft drum of the normal work of separation devices, which may result in the exported steam boiler with water and salt too, so due to overheating the surface would even get destroyed and affect the normal operation of facilities. If the drum water level is too low, it would damage the boiler water conditions and result in inadequate water supply and water-wall that is burned. So research of boiler drum water level control is of an important significance.At present, the boiler drum water level control of mostly conventional PID control method, because its control parameters are fixed and can not be adjusted online, and its control is often difficult to meet the requirements. Conventional fuzzy control can also be applied in, however there is a remarkable static error and so on. Fuzzy adaptive PID controlling method is with adaptive capability theoretically, completely eliminate the static error. Adaptive fuzzy PID control theory is applied to the design of control systems, without the need for a larger changing of system model, where we will be able to obtain better control effect.This article first analyzes the impact of the drum water level of the various interfering factors, and drum water level of the dynamic and static analysis features.Introduce cascade-three impulses drum level control and fuzzy PID drum level control,and finally using fuzzy adaptive PID control algorithm to control the boiler drum water level.Application of MATLAB / SIMULINK simulation, comparing the simulation images under the given value、feed water quantity disturbance、steam disturbance and under the conditions of different control objects. The simulation results show that fuzzy controller is better than the traditional PID controller in MATLAB at adapting ability and anti-jamming.Keywords: drum level; fuzzy control; adaptive; PID目 录（空一行）目 录 （空一行）摘 要 .................................................................................................................................... I ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................... I I 主要符号表 . (IV)第1章 绪 论 (1)1.1 课题背景与意义 (1)1.1.1 ×××××× (8)1.2 ××××××× ................................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。
