In vivo neutralization assays by monoclonal antibodies against white spot syndrome virus in cra
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Acta Oceanolo ̄ea Sinica 2O08,Vo1.27,No.2,P.126~132 http://www.oceanpress.con.cn E-mail:hyxbe@263.net
In vivo neutralization assays by monoclonal antibodies against white spot
syndrome virus in crayfish(Cambarus proclarkii)
WANG Yinan ,ZHAN Wenbin ,XING Jing ,JIANG Yousheng
1.Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals,Laboratory of Marieuhure of Ministry of Education,Ocean Uni— versity of China,Qingdno 266003,China
Received 5 June 2007;accepted 19 December 2007
Abs![ract
The neutralizing activities of eight monoclonal antibodies(MAbs)against white spot syndrome virus(WSSV)(2D2,2B2,1 D2, 1D5,1C2,4A1,6A4 and 6B4)were analyzed by in vivo experiments.Gills from WSSV-infected shrimp were homogenized and ten—fold serially diluted by PBS,and then incubated with MAbs(hybridoma culture supematant),respectively.The mixture of WSSV and MAbs were injected into crayfish(Procambarus clarkii).After challenge,the death rates of erayfish were counted to determine the neutralizing activities of MAbs.At the same time,the mixture of myeloma culture supematant and WSSV or PBS was served as positive or negative control,respectively.The results showed that,at each virus dilution,the mean time to death of the crayfish injected with MAb—treated virus was significantly longer than that in the positive control,though they all showed 100% mortality within 25 d,and meanwhile,few crayfish died in the negative contro1.Among the eight MAbs,2D2,2B2,1 D2 and 1 D5,especially the former two,delayed the mortality significantly,and 1 C2,4A1 and 6A4 delayed the mortality as well but not so efficiently,while MAb 6B4 was efficient only when the virus concentration increased.The results indicated that the anti—WSSV MAbs can neutralize WSSV in diflferent virus di】utions.
Key words:crayfish,WSSV,monoclonal antibodies,in vivo neutralization
1 Introduction
White spot syndrome virus(WSSV),emerging
during the early 1990s,has quickly spread to the shrimp farming areas throughout the world and be—
came one of the major pathogens in cultured penaeid
shrimp(Wu et a1.,2005;Corbel et a1.,2001;
Ljghtner et a1.,1998).The virus exists in a wide range of hosts including all cultured shrimp and other
aquatic organisms such as crabs and crayiish,and has caused large economic losses(Rajendran et a1.,
1999;Wang et a1.,1998).Therefore,extensive
studies have been carried out,especially in the mot- phology and genome structure of WSSV,which clas-
sifted WSSV as a sole representative of a new virus
group(family Nimaviridae;genus 却 )
(Vlak et a1.,2005;Chen et a1.,2002).However,
Foundation item:The National Basic Research Program of China under contract No.2006CB101806 and the National“863”Project of China under eor1. tract No.2006AAl0o3 l2. Corresponding aut
hor.E—mail:wbzhan@OUC.edu.en 维普资讯 http://www.cqvip.com WANG Yinan et a1.Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2008,Vo1.27,No.2,P.126~132
the mechanism of virus entry into the shrimp and the
spread of the virus in the crustacean body are not
known yet though the envelope proteins were as— sumed to be related to the virus infection(IJi et a1.,
2006:van Huhen et a1.,2001). Neutralization experiments are conducted rou—
tinely to study the function of viral envelope proteins
and identify viral protein epitopes involved in the vi—
rus infection process,which might lead to preventive
approaches to controlling virus diseases(Burton et
2000;Schofield et a1.,2000).Polyclonal an tibodies raised in rabbits against the individual
WSSV envelope protein has been largely used in
WSSV neutralization assays,and some of them
showed neutralizing ability against the virus(Huang et a1.,2005:Wu et a1.,2005;van Huhen et a1.,
2001).However,a phenomenon was found that the n0rmal rabbit serum could also inactivate WSSV,so
the neutralizing ability showed by antiserum should
be judged carefully(Robalino et a1. 2006).On the 0ther hand.specific monoclonal antibodies
(MAbs)against WSSV have been mainly applied in
the detection of virus,and there are few reports on
the neutralizing evaluation of MAbs(Liu et a1.,
2002:Poulos et a1.,2001). Traditionally,various neutralization assays were developed for different viruses.For many vertebrate
viruses,neutralization experiments were successfully
carried out in vivo as well as in vitro using the cell line.In terms of shrimp virus,development of in
vitro experiments was restricted by the absence of a
continHOHS shrimp cell line,and that has been a crit— ical limiting factor for the virus infection study
(Wang et a1.,2000;Tong and Miao,1996;Luede—
man and Lightner,1992). In this paper,we examined the neutralization of
WSSV by MAbs against the virus,and the in vivo