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高一英语必修3知识点unit2 Unit 2: English GrammarIn this unit, we will explore various essential English grammar topics that are part of the curriculum for first-year high school students studying English as a second language. Below is an overview of the key points covered in Unit 2.1. Present Simple TenseThe present simple tense is used to describe habitual actions, general truths, and permanent situations. It is formed by using the base form of the verb. For example:- She eats breakfast every morning.- The sun rises in the east.2. Present Continuous TenseThe present continuous tense is used to describe actions happening at the moment of speaking or temporary situations. It is formed by using the present participle (-ing form) of the verb. For example:- They are playing football in the park.- She is currently studying for her exams.3. Past Simple TenseThe past simple tense is used to describe completed actions in the past. Regular verbs form the past tense by adding "-ed" to the base form of the verb, while irregular verbs have their unique forms. For example:- He walked to school yesterday.- They ate pizza for dinner last night.4. Past Continuous TenseThe past continuous tense is used to describe an ongoing action in the past. It is formed by using the past tense of "to be" (was/were) and the present participle (-ing form) of the main verb. For example:- I was watching TV when you called.- They were playing tennis at that time.5. Adverbs of FrequencyAdverbs of frequency describe how often an action occurs. They are commonly used with the present simple tense. Some examples are:- She always arrives on time.- They rarely go to the movies.6. Future TenseThe future tense is used to talk about actions that will happen in the future. It can be formed using "will" followed by the base form of the verb or by using "be going to" followed by the base form of the verb. For example:- I will visit my grandparents next weekend.- They are going to have a party next month.7. Modal VerbsModal verbs are auxiliary verbs used to express ability, possibility, necessity, permission, and advice. Some commonly used modal verbs include can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would. For example:- You must finish your homework before watching TV.- She should study for the test if she wants to do well.8. Relative ClausesRelative clauses provide additional information about a noun in the main clause. They are introduced by relative pronouns such as who, whom, whose, which, and that. For example:- The book that I bought is very interesting.- The girl who is sitting next to me is my best friend.These are the main grammar points covered in Unit 2 of the first-year high school curriculum. Understanding and practicing these concepts will significantly improve your English language skills. Make sure to review and apply them in your speaking and writing to enhance your overall proficiency.。
备课资料Further ReadingHealthy EatingIf we want to be healthy, we must have enough food. It must be clean food that has been right cooked. It must be the right food.Bread is good for us. It helps us to work. It keeps us warm when the weather is cold. But if we don’t eat other food as well, we’ll become ill. Meat, fish, eggs and milk are all very good for us. They help us to grow. They keep us healthy. We must have some of these kinds of food every day. We also need fruit and vegetables. These also help us to grow and be healthy. They make our bones and skin healthy. If your current way of eating is less than ideal from a healthy point of view, a few simple changes can make all the difference.We all know how to eat, but how many of us know how to follow a healthy diet while still enjoying our food? It’s easy to get the impression that everything really tempting and tasty is on the “forbidden” list, but this is far from being the case. And it’s not just what you eat that counts, but how prepare and combine the different ingredients and the cooking methods you use. There are three keys to eating both well and enjoyably:1. Buying fresh, nutritious food.2. Eating well-balanced meals that provide you with all the essential nutrients you need to stay well.3. Storing, preparing and cooking food so as to get from it the best possible nourishment.Fresh foodsFoods fresh from nature have many inbuilt benefits. They prompt you to chew, which releases flavor while keeping your teeth and gums clean and strong. Fresh foods generally contain a balance of nutrients because they have grown as a plant, animal or fish whose needs are not so very different from our own. Many fresh foods contain plenty of fiber that gives them their texture and moistens the food, so aiding digestion and ensuring a smooth passage through the intestine. Our bodies have become accustomed to fresh food through millions of years of evolution and it can help us to maintain and improve our health and vitality.In today’s time-pressured environment, it is all too easy to rely exclusively on convenience and highly processed food. However, it is wise to choose fresh, unprocessed foods whenever possible. This need not be difficult: after many years of intensive farming methods, organic and naturally raised foods are again becoming popular and are widely available from supermarkets, many of which run home delivery services to make shopping for fresh foods even easier.Preparation and StorageUnless you are freezing food, try to eat it as soon as possible after buying. Fresh green vegetables in particular lose much of their vitamin content very quickly and do so even faster unless kept in a cool, dark place. Don’t leave vegetables to stand in water once you have prepared them and bear in mind that lengthy cooking will destroy many of the beneficial nutrients.。
Ⅰ.写出下列必考单词1. 日常饮食n.______________2. 叹气v.& n．______________3. 纤维, 纤维制品n.______________4. 咨询, 请教n.______________5. 债务, 欠款n．______________6. 果仁n.______________7. 研究, 调查n.______________ 8. 均衡膳食n.______________9. 怒目而视v. ______________ 10.苗条的, 减肥adj.______________11. 女主人n.______________ 12. 生的adj.______________13. 顾客n.______________ 14. 折扣n.______________Ⅱ.写出下列单词的变化形式1. (使)联合; (使)结合v.________; 联合n.________2. 好奇心n.__________; 好奇的adj. ________; 好奇地adv.________3. 力量; 强项n.________; 强壮的adj.________; 加强v.________4. 限制v.________; 限度n.________; 有限的adj.________; 无限的adj.________5. 有利v. & n．________; 有益的adj. ________6. 消化，摘要v.________; 消化n. ________; 有助消化的adj. ________7. 缺点，虚弱n. ________; 虚弱的adj.________Exercise: 用所给单词的适当形式填空1. I have ________ what he said for you：as a baby's ability of ________ food is rather poor, you should give her some porridge to eat because porridge is good for ________.(digest)2. The boy was ________ about everything he saw. (curiosity)3. Despite mistakes and ________, it did a great deal of good work inside the trade unions. (weak)4. This food will ________ you up after your illness. (strength)5. He considered that the change would be ________ to his health. (benefit)6. The __________ of the 50 states forms the United States of America. (combine)Ⅲ.翻译下列必背短语1. 扔掉; 丢弃______________2. 被放过; 不受惩罚______________3. 谋生______________4. 欠债______________5. 对……厌倦、厌烦______________6. 对……感到惊讶______________7. 说谎______________ 8. 发觉自己______________9. 削减______________ 10. 让……做……; 允许……做___________ 11. 增加体重______________ 12. 减肥, 减轻体重______________13. 赢回, 重新获得______________ 14. 不久以后______________Exercise: 根据括号中的解释，用适当的短语完成句子1. Nowadays quite a few people ________ (show no interest in) living in big cities.2. She ________ (support herself) by selling vegetable and fruits.3. Obviously, the man ________ (not telling the truth) about the agreement.4. I always try to avoid being ________ (owing much money to others) to anyone.5. It took the workers 2 hours to ________ (to bring down by cutting) the trees.6. Not many criminals ________ (not be punished) their crimes at that time.7. ________(not long after) the baby could walk by itself.用本单元所学词组、句型翻译下列短文人们知道没有什么比健康更重要，可是他们发觉他们更容易发福了，于是健康饮食就成了热门话题。
Unit 2 Morals and VirtuesI.Vocabulary1.moral adj.道德的;道义上的n.品行；道德；寓意2.virtue n.高尚的道德；美德：优秀品质3.dilemma n.进退两难的境地；困境4.faint vi.昏倒；晕厥adj.不清楚的；微弱的5.illustrate vt.（举例）说明；阐明；给（书或文章）加插图6.precious adj.珍稀的；宝贵的7.entrust vt.委托；交付8.marriage n.结婚；婚姻9.majority n.大部分；大多数plain vi.&vt.抱怨；发牢骚11.tuition n.（小组）教学；讲课12.fee n.专业服务费；报酬13.respond vt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应14.response n.反应；回答；回复15.union n.协会；联合会；工会16.scholarship n.奖学金17.hire vt.聘任；雇用；租用n.租借；租用18.physician n.医师；（尤指）内科医生19.colleague n.同事；同僚20.reject vt.拒绝接受；不录用21.appoint n.任命；委派22.clinic n.诊所；门诊部23.faraway adj.遥远的24.elect vt.选举；推选25.election n.选举；推选；当选26.decade n.十年；十年期27.elsewhere adv.在别处；去别处28.tend vt.照顾；照料vi.倾向；趋于29.publish vt.发表（作品）；出版30.staff n.员工；全体职员31.retire vi.&vt.退休；退职；退出32.saving n.节省物；节省；节约；[pl.]储蓄金；存款33.kindergarten n.学前班；幼儿园34.principle n.道德原则；法则：原则35.passive adj.被动的；顺从的36.scared adj.害怕的.....感到惊慌或恐惧的37.scare vt.惊吓：使害怕vi.受惊吓38.sharp adj.（增长、下跌等）急剧的；锋利的；明显的39.insurance n.保险：保险业40.energetic adj.精力充沛的：充满活力的41.replace vt.接替；取代：更换42.accident n.事故：车祸：失事43.operation n.手术；企业经营44.whisper vi.&vt.悄声说；耳语：低语n.耳语（声）；低语（声）；传言；谣传45.midnight n.子夜；午夜46.import n.进口；进口商品vt.进口；输人；引进47.export n.出口；出口商品vt.出口；输出；传播48.pole n.（行星的）极；地极p n.（坐着时的）大腿部；（跑道等的）一圈50.bite vt.&vi.咬；叮；蜇n.咬；（咬下的）一口；咬伤51.lip n.嘴唇52.assist vt.帮助；援助53.chairman n.主席；主持人；董事长54.memory n.记忆力；回忆55.chain n.连串（人或事）；链子：链条56.café n.咖啡馆；小餐馆57.waitress n.（餐馆的）女服务员；女侍者58.pregnant adj.怀孕的：妊娠的59.disguise vt.装扮；假扮；掩盖n.伪装；化装用具60.maple n.枫树；槭树61.cart n.手推车；运货马车62.spill vt.&vi.（使）洒出；（使）溢出63.limp vi.跛行；一瘸一拐地走64.tear n.眼泪；泪水65.harm n.&vt.伤害；损害66.despair n.绝望vi.绝望；感到无望67.might n.力量；威力68.fable n.寓言；寓言故事69.court n.（网球等的）球场；法院；法庭70.flexible adj.灵活的；可变通的71.income n.收入；收益72.per prep.每；每一73.therefore adv.因此；所以74.tension n.紧张关系：紧张：焦虑II.Phrase1.illustrate vt.（举例）说明：阐明：给（书或文章）加插图illustrate...with... 用......给......加插图by way of illustration（= as an example）作为例子2.carry sb.through sth. 帮助某人渡过难关3.majority n.大部分；大多数be in a/the majority 占大多数the majority of（=most of）大多数4.respond vt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应respond to...with...用......对......做出反应in response to 作为......的回答/答复5.hire vt. 聘任；雇用；租用n.租借；租用hire sb.to do sth. 雇用某人做某事on hire from 从.....租用6.appoint vt. 任命；委派appoint sb.to do sth. 任命某人做某appoint sb.as...任命某人为......7.elect vt.选举；推选elect sb.as sth. 选举某人担任某职务elect to do sth. 决定做某事8.tend vt.照顾；照料vi.倾向，趋向tend to/towards 趋向；倾向；走向tend to do sth. 往往会做某事9.principle n.道德原则；法则：原则in principle 原则上；理论上：大体上；基本上on principle 按照原则；根据原则10.sharp adj（增长、下跌等）急剧的；锋利的；明显的keep a sharp eye on sb.密切注意某人have a sharp tongue 说话尖锐11.whisper vi.&vt.悄声说；耳语；低语n.耳语（声）；低语（声）；传言；谣传whisper about sth.小声说某事in a whisper= in whispers 耳语地；低声地12.assist vt.帮助；援助assist sb.in doing sth.帮助某人做某事with the assistance 在.....的帮助下13.pass away 去世14.in memory of 作为对....的纪念15.step by step 一步一步地，逐步地；逐渐地.16.disguise vt.装扮；假扮；掩盖n.伪装；化装用具disguise oneself as 把自己装扮成in disguise 伪装；假装；装扮17.pick up 拾起；捡起；拿起；学会；接收；整理18.trip over 被......绊倒19.despair n.绝望vi.绝望；感到无望drive sb.to despair 使某人陷入绝望in despair 处于绝望中20.a great deal（of）大量III.Sentence1.“would rather+do”结构a.Would rather 后接动词原形，意思是“宁愿”，是表示意愿的交际用语。
Unit 2Healthy eatingRevision：Summing Up and Learning Tip整体设计教材分析Summing Up summarizes the whole contents of this unit from the aspects of topics，vocabulary and grammar.The teacher can first use this part to let students sum up what they have learned and then explain what students couldn't understand very well in this unit.An experienced teacher should design some additional exercises for students to do in order that they can learn to use and grasp all the contents.Learning Tip encourages students to look at the side of the packet or tin when they buy food in packet or tin.This will help them not only know how much sugar，fat，vitamin，protein，and fiber there is in their food but also learn more words and expressions connected with food.They can use this information to help them have a healthy diet as well as increase their vocabulary.So make sure that students have a try.In this period，the teacher can also provide more practices to consolidate what students have learned in this unit.Finally，ask students to finish Checking Yourself on Page 54 in the Workbook.This part aims at encouraging students to make a self-assessment after they finish learning this unit.It is very important to improve their learning.Of course，a testing assessment is also needed.教学重点1．Get students to review and consolidate what they have learned in this unit.2．Develop students' ability to solve problems.教学难点Get students to turn what they have learned into their ability.三维目标知识目标1．Get students to go over the useful new words and expressions in this unit.2．Have students review the new grammar item：the use of ought to.能力目标1．Develop students' ability to use the important language points in this unit.2．Enable students to learn to use ought to correctly.情感目标1．Encourage students to learn more about problems with diet，a balanced diet and nutrition.2．Stimulate students' sense to have a balanced diet.3．Strengthen students' sense of group cooperation.教学过程Step 1 Revision1．Check the homework exercises.2．Dictate some useful new words and expressions in this unit.Step 2 Lead-inTell students：Up to now，we have finished Unit 2 Healthy eating.Have you learned and grasped all in this unit？Turn to Page 16.You can check yourself by filling in the blanks in the part Summing Up.Step 3 Summing UpFive minutes for students to summarize what they have learned in this unit by themselves.Then check and explain something where necessary.Suggested answers：Write down what you have learned about festivals around the world.（Students' answer may vary.）We have learned about problems with diet，balanced diet and nutrition.From this unit you have also learneduseful verbs：diet，balance，barbecue，roast，fry，ought，slim，lie，consult，digest，glare，spy，limit，benefit，combineuseful nouns：diet，nut，bean，pea，cucumber，eggplant，pepper，mushroom，peach，lemon，balance，barbecue，mutton，bacon，curiosity，hostess，vinegar，lie，customer，discount，weakness，strength，fibre，digest，carrot，debt，glare，spy，limit，benefit，breast，garlic，sighuseful adjectives：roast，slim，raw，limitedother expressions：balanced diet，in debt，before longa new grammar item：the use of ought toStep 4 PracticeShow the exercises on the screen or give out exercise papers.First let students do the exercises.Then the answers are given.The teacher can give them explanations where necessary.Ⅰ．Word spelling：1．The child couldn't keep his b______ on his new bicycle.2．He is full of c______.3．He is not s______ enough to wear these tight trousers.4．The restaurant offers a healthy d______ and is full of c______ every day.5．The old model worker's rich experience is not to be d______.6．I haven't the s______ to lift this table.7．If you don't understand the definition of a word，you can c______ the dictionary.8．A five-day week b______ more than individually and economically.9．The two principal political parties have c______ to form a government.10．My mother l______ the amount of food that I eat.Ⅱ．Fill in the blanks with the expressions given e each expression only once and1．2．In order to ______，he began to eat more meat.3．The doctor advised him to ______ his consumption of fat.4．David ______ by writing articles for newspapers.5．He is heavily ______.6．I won't have you ______ cheating in the exam.7．They were determined to ______ the seat ______ from Labour.8．He is always ______.9．She ______ look after her child better.10．Mary is dieting to ______.Ⅲ．Translate the following sentences.1．我想没有什么比旅行更令人愉快的了。
必修三Unit 2 Healthy Eating健康饮食II．Reading COME AND EAT HERE 到这里吃Wang peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.译文：王平坐在空荡的餐馆里，感到非常地沮丧。
【注释：feeling very frustrated是现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随的情况，与句子主语之间的逻辑关系是主谓关系。
考题：1.(08辽-27) He was busy writing a story, only ____ once in a while to smoke a cigarette.A. to stopB. stoppingC. to have stoppedD. having stopped2.(08申30) My sister, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the bicycle ___ to balance it.A. having triedB. tryingC. to tryD. tried 】It had been a very strange morning.译文：先前已经出现过一个奇怪的早上。
Usually he got up early and prepared his menu of barbecued mutton kebabs, roast pork, stir-fried vegetables and fried rice.译文：通常他起得早，准备菜单：烤羊肉串、烤肉、爆炒蔬菜以及炒米饭。
Then by lunchtime they would all be sold.译文：这样到午餐时都已经卖完了。
By now his restaurant ought to be full of people.译文：到现在他的餐馆里应该是满客流了。
Unit2 Reading 重难点词汇详解l. diet n.日常饮食vi.节食教材原文Everybody has to eat，but do you eat a healthy diet ?每个人都要吃饭，但你吃得健康吗？经典例句① It’s never too late to improve your diet.什么时候改善你的饮食都为时不晚。
②I decided to go on a diet before my holiday.我决定在休假前节食。
③Most of us have dieted at some time in our lives.我们大多数人都曾在我们人生的某个时期为减肥而节食过。
2.balance vt.平衡；权衡n.天平；平衡教材原文What will happen to you if you don’t eat a balanced diet?如果你不平衡膳食,结果会怎样?经典例句①When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his balance and had a bad 男孩在追赶他哥哥的时候失去了平衡，狠狠地摔了一跤。
②You must balance the good points against the bad points and then make yourdecision.你必须要权衡利弊，然后做出决定。
③She tries to balance home life and career.她力图兼顾家庭生活和事业。
④They were due to pay the balance on delivery.他们应该在货到时支付余额。
（on + n.“一……就……”）⑤He cut down on coffee and cigarettes, and ate a balanced diet.他少喝咖啡，少吸烟并且均衡饮食。
荷香书苑王老师高一英语必修三 1 UNIT 2 Healthy Eating
Grammar: 1.Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated. 1)feeling very frustrated 现在分词在句中作伴随状语 eg.She sat on the chair reading a newspaper.(表伴随) Walking in the street, she met her old friend.(表时间) Seeing no body at home , she decided to eat outside.(表原因) The child fell, striking his head against the ground.(表结果) He thought of his mutton kebabs, fatty pork cooked in the hottest, finest oil. 过去分词短语作后置定语，表被动。= which were cooked in the hottest oil. 2) feel frustrated at/with......因....而懊恼，对....感到沮丧 frustrated 修饰sb. frustrating修饰sth 2. His restaurant ought to be full of people. 1) ought to ○1 to show a moral duty 表示一种道义上的责任，应该 Eg.She ought to look after her child better. ○2表示劝告或建议 This dish is delicious. You ought to try some. ○3表示期望或可能发生的事 Children ought to be able to read by the age of 7. ○4表示推测，表示较大的可能性 That ought to be enough food for the four of us. ○5ought to have done 表示本应该…，而却没有… Eg.You ought to have come yesterday. 2) be full of =be filled with/be crowded with He looks so upset; I ____________him the bad news so early. A.should have told B.should tell C.oughtn’t to have told D.shouldn’t tell 3.He thought of his mutton kebabs, fatty pork cooked in the hottest, finest oil. 过去分词短语作后置定语，表被动。 = which were cooked in the hottest oil. Eg.The flowers picked by him are very beautiful. 4. Nothing could have been better. 比较级与否定词连用表示最高级。= All his food could have been the best. Eg.I have never seen a better film. 常用的否定词：no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly 意义：再也没有比.....更.....的了。 表示最高级的其他表达方式： ○1主语+谓语+比较级+than+any other+单数名词+比较范围（比较对象属于一个比较范围) ○2主语+谓语+比较级+than+any +单数名词+比较范围（比较对象不属于一个比较范围) (2013浙江高考)I ___________ myself more---it was a perfect day. A.shouldn’t have enjoyed B.needn’t have enjoyed C.wouldn’t have enjoyed D.couldn’t have enjoyed (2011全国高考) Mr. Stevenson is great to work for---I really couldn't ask for a __________ (good) boss. (2012天津高考)---You have to believe in yourself. No one else will, if you don’t. ----____________________________(我再同意不过了). Confidence is really important. 5.Tired of all that fat? Want to lose weight? 1) tired of 厌烦的 He is tired of doing the same thing all year round. tired out 筋疲力尽 I was tired out when I finally reach the top of the mountain. tired from 因…而疲倦 I was very tied from running fast. 2) lose weight weight n.-weigh v.称重....，衡量 put on weight=gain weight 增加体重 control one’s weight 控制体重 by weight 按重量计算 中译英 玛丽去年体重增加了，但是现在她已经通过运动成功减肥了。
6. What will happen to you if you don’t eat a balanced diet? 1) diet n&v. 日常饮食，节食 go on a diet=be on a diet 节食 a balanced/healthy diet均衡的/健康的饮食 辨析diet/food diet:日常饮食，特指维持健康的定量或定质的食物 food:凡是能吃、喝的及具有营养的东西 荷香书苑王老师高一英语必修三 2 It is obvious that____________________________(健康的饮食对我们身体有好处) In the past, many people __________ for lack of___________(因食物不足而饿死) 2) balance adj.均衡的 n.平衡的 v.平衡，权衡 keep....in balance 保持平衡 out of balance不平衡 break one’s balance打破平衡 lose one’s balance 失去平衡 in the balance 前途不明朗，未定，悬而未决 (2015湖北高考)when he was running after his brother, the boy_________ ___________ __________ and had a bad fall.(失去平衡) (2012天津高考)You are working too hard. You’d better keep a __________ between work and relaxation. A.promise B.lead C.balance D.diary 7. Curiosity drove Wang Peng inside. curiosity n.好奇心，求知欲-curious adj. 好奇的，稀奇- curiously adv. have curiosity to do sth 有做某事的决心 show curiosity about sth 对某事表现出好奇 satisfy one’s curiosity 满足某人的好奇心 with curiosity 好奇地 out of curiosity 出于好奇 be curious about...对....好奇 (2010天津高考) People have always been___________(curiosity) about exactly how life on earth began. 8. He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies. 1) have sb. doing sth 让某人一直做某事，听任/容忍某人做某事 辨析have sb. do / have sb. doing/ have sth done have sb. do 使，让某人做某事 have sb. doing 听任/容忍某人做某事，多用于否定句，不能让，不能容忍 have sth done 让某人做某事，让某事被做 (2012四川高考) Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car__________. A.washed B.wash C.washing D.to wash 2)get away with sth./doing sth. a)不因某事而受惩罚。I won’t have you getting away with cheating in the exam. b)偷携某物潜逃。The robbers robbed the bank and got away with a lot of money. c)收到较轻的惩罚。He was so lucky to get away with a fine for such a serious mistake. get away 逃脱，离开 get across 使人了解，表达清楚 get along/on with 进展，与....相处 get down to doing sth 开始/着手做某事 get over 恢复、克服 get through 通过、完成 get rid of 摆脱, 除掉 3) lie 谎言，说谎 tell a lie=tell lies 辨析lie /lay lie vi. 撒谎，躺，位于 lie-lied-lied lie-lay-lain lay vt. 放置 lay-laid-laid 9. Perhaps with a discount and a new sign he could win his customers back. 1) discount n.折扣 offer/give sb. a discount (on sth.) 给...打折 with/at a discount 打折 for sale bargain discount a real bargain 待售 讨价还价 打折 一件便宜货 2) win...back 赢回，重新获得 win or lose 不论成败，无论胜负 中译英 他正在努力工作，想赢回他的声誉。
