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Psychotherapy Research and the Study of the First Person Experience

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Ｐｓｙｃｈｏｌｏｇｙ　Ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ，ＩＳＳＮ　２　１　５９－５５４２　Ｊａｎｕａｒｙ　２０１４，Ｖｏ１．４，Ｎｏ．１，１７－２４　

Ｐｓｙｃｈｏｔｈｅｒａｐｙ　Ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ　ａｎｄ　ｔｈｅ　Ｓｔｕｄｙ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅ　

Ｆｉｒｓｔ　Ｐｅｒｓｏｎ　Ｅｘｐｅｒｉｅｎｃｅ　

Ｐｓ．Ｒｉｃａｒｄｏ　Ｐｕｌｉｄｏ　

Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｄａｄ　Ａｌｂｅｒｔｏ　Ｈｕｒｔａｄｏ，Ｓａｎｔｉａｇｏ，Ｃｈｉｌｅ　苦Ｌｌ当ｉ－，ｉｌＮ　

Ｏｖｅｒ　ｔｈｅ　ｌａｓｔ　ｙｅａｒｓ，ｔｈｅ　ｆｉｒｓｔ　ｐｅｒｓｏｎ　ｍｅｔｈｏｄｏｌｏｇｉｅｓ　ｈａｖｅ　ｂｅｅｎ　ｔｒａｎｓｆｏｒｍｅｄ　ｉｎｔｏ　ａ　ｖａｌｉｄ　ａｎｄ　ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔ　ａｌｔｅｒｎａｔｉｖｅ，　

ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔ　ｆｒｏｍ　ｔｈｅ　ｃｌａｓｓｉｃ　ｑｕａｎｔｉｔａｔｉｖｅ　ａｎｄ　ｑｕａｌｉｔａｔｉｖｅ　ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ．Ｉｎ　ｃｏｎｔｒａｓｔ　ｗｉｔｈ　ｏｔｈｅｒ　ｐｅｒｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅｓ，ｔｈｅ　ｆｉｒｓｔ　ｐｅｒｓｏｎ　ａｐｐｒｏａｃｈ　ｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｓ　ｔｈａｔ　ｔｈｅ　ｓｕｂｊｅｃｔ　ｉｓ　ａｂｌｅ　ｔｏ　ｏｂｓｅｒｖｅ　ａｎｄ　ｇｉｖｅ　ａ　ｄｉｒｅｃｔ　ａｃｃｏｕｎｔ　ｏｆ　ｈｉｓ　ｓｕｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ　ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ．Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ，　ｔｈｉｓ　ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ，ｆａｒ　ｆｒｏｍ　ｂｅｉｎｇ　ｓｐｏｎｔａｎｅｏｕｓ　ａｎｄ　ａｕｔｏｍａｔｉｃ，ｒｅｑｕｉｒｅｓ　ａ　ｐｈｅｎｏｍｅｎｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ　ｔｒａｉｎｉｎｇ．Ｔｈｅ　ａｒｔｉｃｌｅ　ｄｉｓｃｕｓｓｅｓ　ｔｈｅ　ｎｏｔｉｏｎ　ｏｆ‘　ｔｈｅ　ｆｉｒｓｔ　ｐｅｒｓｏｎ’’ｓｔａｒｔｉｎｇ　ｗｉｔｈ　ｔｈｅ　ｗｏｒｋｓ　ｏｆ　Ｖａｒｅｌａ　ａｎｄ　Ｈｕｓｓｅｒｌ’ｓ　Ｐｈｅｎｏｍｅｎｏｌｏｇｙ．Ｗｅ　ｗｉｌｌ　ｒｅｖｉｅｗ　ｔｈｅ　

ｐｒｉｎｃｉｐａｌ　ｐｒｏｃｅｄｕｒｅｓ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｉｓ　ｍｅｔｈｏｄｏｌｏｇｙ　ａｎｄ　ｗｅ　ｗｉｌｌ　ｄｅｓｃｒｉｂｅ　ｅｘａｍｐｌｅｓ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｉｓ　ｋｉｎｄ　ｏｆ　ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ　ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｆｉｅｌｄ　ｏｆ　

ｐｓｙｃｈｏｐａｔｈｏｌｏｇｙ，ｈｉｇｈｌｉｇｈｔｉｎｇ　ｔｈｅ　ｃｏｎｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎｓ　ｔｈａｔ　ｔｈｉｓ　ａｐｐｒｏａｃｈ　ｍａｙ　ｐｒｏｖｉｄｅ　ｉｎ　ｏｒｄｅｒ　ｔｏ　ｃｌｏｓｅ　ｔｈｅ　ｇａｐ　ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ　

ｐｒａｃｔｉｃｅ　ａｎｄ　ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ．　

Ｋｅｙｗｏｒｄｓ．ｐｓｙｃｈｏｔｈｅｒａｐｙ　ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ，ｃｏｎｓｃｉｏｕｓｎｅｓｓ，ｐｈｅｎｏｍｅｎｏｌｏｇｙ，ｔｈｅ　ｆｉｒｓｔ　ｐｅｒｓｏｎ　ｍｅｔｈｏｄｏｌｏｇｉｅｓ　

ＩｎｔｒＯｄｕｃｔｉＯｎ　

Ｔｈｅ　ｐｒｏｂｌｅｍ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｆｉｒｓｔ　ｐｅｒｓｏｎ　ａｎｄ　ｔｈｅ　ｔｈｉｒｄ　ｐｅｒｓｏｎ　ｖｉｅｗｓ　ｈａｖｅ　ｂｅｅｎ　ｒｅｃｅｎｔｌｙ　ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｅｄ　ａｓ　ａ　ｍａｉｎ　ｔｏｐｉｃ　

ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｐｈｉｌｏｓｏｐｈｙ　ｏｆ　ｍｉｎｄ　ａｎｄ　ｐａｒｔｉｃｕｌａｒｌｙ　ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｓｔｕｄｙ　ｏｆ　ｃｏｎｓｃｉｏｕｓｎｅｓｓ．Ｔｈｅ　ｄｉｓｔｉｎｃｔｉｏｎ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅｓｅ　ｐｅｒｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅｓ　ｒｅｐｌａｃｅｓ，ｉｎ　ｓｏｍｅ　ｗａｙ，ｔｈｅ　ｃｌａｓｓｉｃ　ｍｉｎｄ／ｂｏｄｙ　ｐｒｏｂｌｅｍ，ｂｕｔ　ｎｏｔ　ｃｏｍｐｌｅｔｅｌｙ．Ｉｎ　ｆａｃｔ，ｉｎ　ａ　ｖｅｒｙ　ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｉｓｔｉｃ　ｖｉｓｉｏｎ　

ｏｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｈｕｍａｎ　ｂｅｉｎｇ，ａｓ　ｉｔ　ｐｒｅｖａｉｌｓ　ｔｏｄａｙ，ｔｈｅ　ｍｉｎｄ　ｈａｓ　ｂｅｅｎ　ｕｓｕａｌｌｙ　ｕｎｄｅｒｓｔｏｏｄ　ｉｎ　ｔｅｒｍｓ　ｏｆ　ｂｒａｉｎ　ａｃｔｉｖｉｔｙ，ｓｏ　ｆｏｒ　ｍａｎｙ　ｙｅａｒｓ　ｔｈｅ　ｐｒｏｂｌｅｍ　ｈａｓ　ｓｔｏｐｐｅｄ　ｂｅｉｎｇ　ｔｈｅ　ｍｉｎｄ　ｏｒ　ｔｈｅ　ｍｉｎｄ　ｂｏｄｙ　ｃｏｎｎｅｃｔｉｏｎ，ａｎｄ　ｈａｓ　ｂｅｃｏｍｅ　ａｂｏｕｔ　ｔｈｅ　

ｃｏｍｐｌｅｘｉｔｙ　ｏｆ　ｓｕｃｈ　ａ　ｂｉｏｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｓｙｓｔｅｍ．Ｉｎ　ｏｔｈｅｒ　ｗｏｒｄｓ，ｔｈｅ　ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎ　ｗａｓ　ｎｏ　ｌｏｎｇｅｒ　ｐｈｉｌｏｓｏｐｈｉｃａｌ，ｂｕｔ　

ｔｅｃｈｎｉｃａｌ：ａ　ｍａｔｔｅｒ　ｏｆ　ｔｉｍｅ！Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ，ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｌａｓｔ　ｔｗｅｎｔｙ　ｙｅａｒｓ，ｔｈａｎｋｓ　ｔｏ　ｔｈｅ　ｗｏｒｋ　ｏｆ　Ｆｒａｎｃｉｓｃｏ　Ｖａｒｅｌａ，ａｍｏｎｇ　ｏｔｈｅｒｓ，ｉｔ　ｃａｎ　ｂｅ　ｓｅｅｎ　ｔｈａｔ　ｓｏｍｅ　ａｓｐｅｃｔｓ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｈｕｍａｎ　ｅｘｐｅｒｉｅｎｃｅ　ｒｅｓｉｓｔｓ　ａｎｙ　ｔｈｉｒｄ　ｐｅｒｓｏｎ　ｏｒ　ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ　

ｅｘｐｌａｎａｔｉｏｎｓ，ｎｏｔ　ｂｅｃａｕｓｅ　ａ　ｐｒｏｖｉｓｉｏｎａｌ　ｌａｃｋ　ｏｆ　ｔｅｃｈｎｉｃａｌ　ｋｎｏｗｌｅｄｇｅ，ｂｕｔ　ｂｅｃａｕｓｅ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅｉｒ　ｉｎｔｒｉｎｓｉｃ　ｓｕｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ　ｎａｔｕｒｅ　ｓｕｃｈ　ａｓ　ｓｕｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ　ｅｘｐｅｒｉｅｎｃｅ，ｑｕａｌｉａ　ｏｒ　ｓｅｎｓａｔｉｏｎ　ａｎｄ　ｃｏｎｓｃｉｏｕｓｎｅｓｓ．Ｉｎ　ｏｔｈｅｒ　ｗｏｒｄｓ，ｔｈｅ　ｔｈｉｒｄ　ｐｅｒｓｏｎ　ｍｅｔｈｏｄｏｌｏｇｉｅｓ　ｎｅｖｅｒ　ｃｏｕｌｄ　ａｃｃｏｕｎｔ　ｆｏｒ　ｔｈｅｓｅ　ｋｉｎｄｓ　ｏｆ　ｐｈｅｎｏｍｅｎａ　ａｎｄ　ｓｏ　ａ　ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔ　ａｐｐｒｏａｃｈ　ｂｅｃｏｍｅｓ　ｎｅｃｅｓｓａｒｙ　ｔｏ　ｕｎｄｅｒｓｔａｎｄ　ｔｈｅｍ．Ｏｆ　ｃｏｕｒｓｅ　ｔｈｅｒｅ　ａｒｅ　ｅｘｐｅｒｔｓ，ｌｉｋｅ　Ｄａｎｉｅｌ　Ｄｅｎｎｅ￣，ｗｈｏ　ｔｈｉｎｋｓ　ｔｈａｔ　ｔｈｅｓｅ　ａｓｐｅｃｔｓ　ｏｆ　

ｔｈｅ　ｈｕｍａｎ　ｅｘｐｅｒｉｅｎｃｅ　ａｒｅ　ｍｅｒｅ　ｅｐｉｐｈｅｎｏｍｅｎａ　ｔｈａｔ　ｈａｖｅ　ｎｏ　ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔ　ｉｍｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓ　ｆｏｒ　ｌｉｆｅ　ａｎｄ　ｈｕｍａｎ　ｂｅｉｎｇｓ：　ａ　ｋｉｎｄ　ｏｆ　ａｎｅｃｄｏｔａｌ　ｐｈｅｎｏｍｅｎａ．Ａｓ　ｗｅ　ｗｉｌｌ　ｓｅｅ，ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ，ｔｈｅ　ｆｉｒｓｔ　ｐｅｒｓｏｎ　ｖｉｅｗ，ａｌｔｈｏｕｇｈ　ｎｏｎ—ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ，　

ｃｏｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｓ　ｔｈｅ　ｈｅａｒｔ　ｏｆ　ｏｕｒ　ｓｕｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ　ｌｉｆｅ：Ｗｅ　ａｒｅ　ｂｏｒｎ，ｗｅ　ｓｕｆｆｅｒ　ａｎｄ　ｗｅ　ｄｉｅ　ａｓ　ｔｈｅ　ｆｉｒｓｔ　ｐｅｒｓｏｎ，ａｓ　ｔｈｅ　ｖｅｒｙ　

ｐｒｏｔａｇｏｎｉｓｔ　ｏｆ　ｏｕｒ　ｅｘｐｅｒｉｅｎｃｅ．ａｎｄ　ｎｏｔ　ａｓ　ａ　ｂｉｏｃｈｅｍｉｃａ１　ｍａｃｈｉｎｅ．　Ｔｈｅ　ｆａｉｌｕｒｅ　ｏｆ　Ｗｕｎｄｔ’ｓ　ｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔａｌ　ｐｒｏｊｅｃｔ，ｂａｓｅｄ　ｏｎ　ａｎ　ｉｎｔｒｏｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅ　ｍｅｔｈｏｄｏｌｏｇｙ，ｗａｓ　ｃｒｉｔｉｃａｌ　ｆｏｒ　ｔｈｅ　ｃｏｕｒｓｅ　ｏｆ　ｃｏｇｎｉｔｉｖｅ　ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ　ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ．Ｆｏｒ　ａｂｏｕｔ　１　Ｏ０　ｙｅａｒｓ，ｔｈｅ　ｆｉｒｓｔ　ｐｅｒｓｏｎ　ｄａｔａ　ｈａｓ　ｂｅｅｎ　ｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄ　ａｌｍｏｓｔ　

Ｐｓ．Ｒｉｃａｒｄｏ　Ｐｕｌｉｄｏ，Ｐｈ．Ｄ．，Ｆａｃｕｌｔａｄ　ｄｅ　Ｐｓｉｃｏｌｏｇｉａ，Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｄａｄ　Ａｌｂｅｒｔｏ　Ｈｕｒ

ｔａｄｏ　１　８　ＰＳＹＣＨＯＴＨＥＲＡＰＹ　ＲＥＳＥＡＲＣＨ　ＡＮＤ　ＴＨＥ　ＳＴＵＤＹ　ＯＦ　ＴＨＥ　ＦＩＲＳＴ　ＰＥＲＳＯＮ　ＥＸＰＥＲＩＥＮＣＥ　

ｕｎａｎｉｍｏｕｓｌｙ　ａｓ　ｕｎｒｅｌｉａｂｌｅ　ａｎｄ　ｄｉｓｍｉｓｓｉｂｌｅ　ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ．Ｉｎ　ｔｈｉｓ　ｉｄｅｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ　ｃｏｎｔｅｘｔ，ｔｒａｄｉｔｉｏｎａｌ　ｐｓｙｃｈｏｔｈｅｒａｐｙ　

ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ　ｅｖｏｌｖｅｄ，ｈａｒｄｌｙ　ｌｏｏｋｉｎｇ　ｆｏｒ　ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｆｉｅｄ　ｄｉａｇｎｏｓｉｓ，ｏｕｔｃｏｍｅｓ，ｕｎｓｐｅｃｉｆｉｃ　ｆａｃｔｏｒｓ，ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ　ａｎｄ　ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｓ，　“ｃｌｅａｎｉｎｇ”ｔｈｅ　ｅｖｉｄｅｎｃｅ　ｏｆ　ｉｔｓ　ｓｕｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ　ａｐｐｅａｒａｎｃｅ，ｏｒ　ｉｎ　ｏｔｈｅｒ　ｗｏｒｄｓ，ｍａｋｉｎｇ　ｓｔｒｏｎｇ　ｅｆｆｏｒｔｓ　ｔｏ　ｐｒｏｄｕｃｅ　ｔｈｅ　ｔｈｉｒｄ　Ｄｅｒｓｏｎ　ｄａｔａ．Ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｌａｓｔ　５０　ｙｅａｒｓ，ｗｅ　ｈａｖｅ　ｓｅｅｎ　ｗｏｎｄｅｒｆｕｌ　ｐｒｏｇｒｅｓｓ　ｉｎ　ｔｈｅｓｅ　ａｒｅａｓ：Ｗｅ　ｈａｖｅ　ｅｍｐｉｒｉｃａｌｌｙ　

ｖａｌｉｄａｔｅｄ　ｍａｎｙ　ｏｆ　ｏｕｒ　ｐｒａｃｔｉｃｅｓ；ｗｅ　ｈａｖｅ　ｒｅｃｏｇｎｉｚｅｄ　ｔｈｅ　ｃｒｕｃｉａｌ　ｒｏｌｅ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｔｈｅｒａｐｅｕｔｉｃ　ａｌｌｉａｎｃｅ；ｗｅ　ｈａｖｅ　

ｐｒｏｄｕｃｅｄ　ｓｐｅｃｉｆｉｃｓ　ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｖｅｓ　ａｎｄ　ｒｅｌｉａｂｌｅ　ｄｉａｇｎｏｓｉｓ　ｃｒｉｔｅｒｉａ，ａｎｄ　ｓｏ　ｏｎ．Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ，ｔｈｅ　ｇａｐ　ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ　ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ　ａｎｄ　ｐｒａｃｔｉｃｅ　ｓｔｉｌｌ　ｒｅｍａｉｎｓ：Ｔｈｅ　ｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃ　ｋｎｏｗｌｅｄｇｅ　ｗｅ　ｈａｖｅ　ｐｒｏｄｕｃｅｄ，ｈａｓ　ｎｏｔ　ｂｅｅｎ　ｔｒａｎｓｌａｔｅｄ　ｉｎｔｏ　ｂｅｔｔｅｒ　

ｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌ　ｐｒａｃｔｉｃｅｓ．　Ｔｈｅｒｅ　ａｒｅ　ｍａｎｙ　ｗｈｏ　ｔｈｉｎｋ　ｔｈａｔ　ｔｉｍｅ　ｗｉｌｌ　ｃｌｏｓｅ　ｔｈｅ　ｇａｐ　ｔｈａｔ　ｓｔｉｌｌ　ｗｅ　ｎｅｅｄ　ｔｏ　ａｃｃｕｍｕｌａｔｅ　ｍｏｒｅ　ｔｈｉｒｄ　ｐｅｒｓｏｎ　

ｋｎｏｗｌｅｄｇｅ．Ｔｈｅ　ｖｉｓｉｏｎ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｉｓ　ｐａｐｅｒ，ｉｎ　ｃｏｎｔｒａｓｔ，ｉｓ　ｔｈａｔ　ｗｅ　ｎｅｅｄ　ｔｏ　ｒｅｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｅ　ｔｈｅ　ｆｉｒｓｔ　ｐｅｒｓｏｎ　ｄａｔａ　ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｆｉｅｌｄ　

ｏｆ　ｐｓｙｃｈｏｔｈｅｒａｐｙ　ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ，ｅｘａｃｔｌｙ　ａｓ　ｉｔ　ｈａｓ　ｂｅｅｎ　ｈａｐｐｅｎｉｎｇ　ｉｎ　ｃｏｇｎｉｔｉｖｅ　ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ　ｄｕｒｉｎｇ　ｔｈｅ　ｌａｓｔ　１　０＿１　５　ｙｅａｒｓ．　Ｂｕｔ　ｔｈｉｓ　ｒｅｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　ｎｅｅｄｓ　ａｎ　ａｃｃｕｒａｔｅ　ｒｅｆｌｅｃｔｉｏｎ　ｏｆ　ｗｈａｔ　ｔｈｅ　ｆｉｒｓｔ　ｐｅｒｓｏｎ　ｄａｔａ　ｉｓ　ａｎｄ　ｗｈａｔ　ｉｔ　ｉｓ　ｎｏｔ．　

ＲｅｄｉｓｃＯｖｅｒｉｎｇ　ｔｈｅ　Ｆｉｒｓｔ　Ｐｅｒｓｏｎ　Ｓｔｕｄｉｅｓ　

Ｃｈａｌｍｅｒｓ（ｏｎｌｉｎｅ），ｏｎｅ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｍｏｓｔ　ｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔ　ｅｘｐｅｒｔｓ　ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｆｉｅｌｄ　ｏｆ　ｃｏｎｓｃｉｏｕｓｎｅｓｓ　ｓｔｕｄｉｅｓ，ｐｏｉｎｔｅｄ　ｏｕｔ　ｔｈａｔ　“Ｉｆ　ｉｔ　ｗａｓ　ｎｏｔ　ｆｏｒ　ｔｈｅ　ｄｉｒｅｃｔ　ｅｘｐｅｒｉｅｎｃｅ　ｗｈｉｃｈ　ａｌｌ　ｏｆ　ｕｓ　ｈａｖｅ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｆｉｒｓｔ　ｐｅｒｓｏｎ，ｉｔ　ｗｏｕｌｄ　ｓｅｅｍ　ａ　ｒｉｄｉｃｕｌｏｕｓ　

ｃｏｎｃｅｐｔ”．Ｉｎ　ｆａｃｔ。ｅｖｅｎ　ｉｆ　ｗｅ　ｃａｎｎｏｔ　ｖｅｒｉｆｙ　ｉｎ　ａｎ　ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ　ｗａｙ，ｎｏｂｏｄｙ　ｃｏｕｌｄ　ｎｅｇａｔｅ　ｔｈｅ　ｖｅｒｙ　ｓｕｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ　ｓｅｎｓｅ　ｔｏ　ｂｅ　ｃｏｎｓｃｉｏｕｓ：Ｒｉｇｈｔ　ｎｏｗ　ａｌｌ　ｏｆ　ｕｓ　ｆｅｅｌ　ｏｕｒｓｅｌｖｅｓ　ａｓ　ｏｕｒ　ｏｗｎ　ｓｅｌｆ　ａｎｄ　ｎｏｔ　ａｓ　ｓｏｍｅ　ｋｉｎｄ　ｏｆ　ｅｘｔｅｒｎａｌ　ｅｖｉｄｅｎｃｅ，　

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psychologist

psychologist

Psychologist

Introduction

A psychologist is a professional who studies human behavior, emotions, and

mental processes. They apply this knowledge to help individuals, couples, families,

and groups improve their mental health and well-being. Psychologists often work in

various settings, such as schools, clinics, hospitals, and private practices. In this

document, we will explore the role of a psychologist, the education and training

required to become one, and the different types of psychological therapies they use

to assist their clients.

Role of a Psychologist

Psychologists are trained to understand and analyze human behavior and

mental processes. They apply their expertise to help individuals with psychological

issues and develop strategies for personal growth. The primary duties of a

psychologist include:

心理学专业简介英语范文

心理学专业简介英语范文

心理学专业简介英语范文

Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental

processes. It seeks to understand how people think, feel, and

behave, as well as to explore the underlying mechanisms that

drive these processes. As a discipline, psychology

encompasses a wide range of subfields and specializations,

each focusing on different aspects of human psychology.

One of the key areas within psychology is clinical

psychology, which deals with the assessment, diagnosis, and

treatment of mental health disorders. Clinical psychologists

work with people who are experiencing psychological problems

such as depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia. They use a

variety of therapeutic approaches, including cognitive-behavioral therapy, psychodynamic therapy, and medication

management, to help their clients improve their mental well-being. Another important subfield of psychology is developmental

(完整版)心理学专业英语复习资料

(完整版)心理学专业英语复习资料

心理学专业英语复习资料

I. Translate the Following English Phrases into Chinese

1. Research Methods 研究方法

2. Psychophysics 心理物理学

3. Theories of Learning 学习理论

4. Social Cognition 社会认知

5． Personality Test 人格测试

6. Extraneous Variable 无关变量

7. Longitudinal Study 纵向研究

8. Crystallized Intelligence 晶体智力

9. Motor control 运动控制

10. Corpus Callosum 胼胝体

11. Group Thinking 群体思维

12. Social Loafing 社会懈怠

13. Social Exchange 社会交换

14. Social Approval 社会赞许

15. Diffusion of Responsibility 责任分散

16. Recency Effec 近因效应

17． Trace Decay 痕迹消退

18. Retrograde Amnesia 倒摄遗忘

19. Social Support 社会支持

20. Self-efficacy 自我效能

21. Case Study 个案研究

II. Translate the Following Chinese Word Groups into English

1. 机能主义 functionalism

2. 自我实现 self—actualization

3． 一般规律研究法 nomothetic method

4. 分层抽样 stratified sampling

心理学SSCI期刊 影响因子排名

心理学SSCI期刊 影响因子排名

Rank

Full Journal TitleJournal Impact Factor

1BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES20.415

2Psychological Science in the Public Interest19.286

3Annual Review of Psychology19.085

4TRENDS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCES17.850

5PSYCHOLOGICAL BULLETIN14.839

6Annual Review of Clinical Psychology12.214

7Health Psychology Review8.976

8CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW8.146

9Perspectives on Psychological Science7.658

10PSYCHOLOGICAL REVIEW7.581

11PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGYREVIEW7.571

12JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OFCHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY7.182

13PSYCHOLOGICAL INQUIRY6.714

14JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY ANDPSYCHIATRY6.615

15Advances in Experimental Social Psychology6.150

16NEUROPSYCHOLOGY REVIEW6.061

17JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT6.051

18EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGIST5.688

19CURRENT DIRECTIONS IN PSYCHOLOGICALSCIENCE5.545

20JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY5.538