非谓语动词
非谓语动词。在英语中，不能作句子谓语，而是担任其它语法功能的动词叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词的时态和语态的不同形式
动词不定式 动名词 分词
主动 to do doing doing（同时，主动）
被动 to be done being done done（被动，完成）
进行主动 to be doing
进行被动 being done进行，被动
主动完成 to have
done having done having done（主动，完成一般作状语)
被动完成 to have
been done having been
done having been
done(被动，完成一般作状语）
非谓语动词在句中的作用
主语 宾语 表语 补语 定语 状语
不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √
动名词 √ √ √ √
分词 √ √ √ √
一：分词(现在分词和过去分词，分别表示：主动，行进&被动，完成)
1)作定语
The girl standing by the window is my sister.
=The girl who is standing by the window is my sister.
This is a book written by a famous Chinese writer.
= This is a book which was written by a famous Chinese writer.
2) 作状语（一般表示时间，原因，条件，伴随）有时可将从句中when/while /unless/if等保留
(While/When)Walking in the street ,I saw her.
=While/When I was walking in the street ,I saw her.（表示时间） Seen from the hill,our school looks more beautiful.
非谓语动词
非谓语动词: a.动词不定式 b.动名词 c.分词( 现在分词 过去分词)
概述：1.谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词
2.非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分
指出下列句子中非谓语动词的成分
1，To see is to believe. 2,
It is right to give up smoking.
3, He wanted to go
4, I find it interesting to study English.
5, He asked me to do the work with him.
6, I have some books for you to read.
7, I came here to see you. 8, We were very excited to hear the news.
9,Laying eggs is the ant queen’s full-time job.
10, It is no use arguing with him.
11, Her job is teaching .
12.He had his clothes washed.
13,We saw the teacher making the experiment. 14,The man standing by the window is our
teacher.
15,The excited people rushed into the building.
16,Being a student, I must study hard.
非谓语动词系列 (二)-------动名词
Doing 谓语 + 宾语
①表示抽象的一般行为 ②经常不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起。
Doing 直接作主语 Eating too much fat is no good.
It 作形式主语
It is no use 、 no good 、 help doing sth…
It is useless、 helpless doing sth….
It is fun 、 a pleasure 、a waster of time doing sth ….
There be形式
①There be no good (use , help, harm , fun) in doing sth …. ② There be no doing sth.
在疑问句中,位于句首多用动名词. Did her being late make her teacher angry?
填空练习
1． Did her _________（迟到） make her teacher angry?
2． It is no use ________(send )him to a hospital.
3． It’s a waste of time _______(argue ) with him about it.
4． It is a great deal of good ________(practice ) English every morning.
5． It’s fun _______(be ) an actor.
6． There is no _________(joke ) about such matters.
7． There is no use \ useless ___________(send ) him abroad.
第六讲 非谓语动词
一、 总说：
1. 概念：
不能在句中单独做谓语的动词形式，在句中起名词、形容词或副词作用。
2. 时态和语态：
非谓语的时态和语态是相对的，要选择正确的非谓语形式，必须找准参照物，牢记一句口诀：___________________________________。
3. 分类: to do，v-ing和v-ed。
4. 否认形式：在非谓语标志性的单词前加not,即在to, v-ing或v-ed前面加not。
二、不定式：
㈠ 不定式的时态：参照物是_____________，须比拟二者的_______关系。
① 一般式 to do: 表示的动作和谓语动词动作_________或发生在谓语动词动作_______。
. He decided to go with us.
I hope to see you next week.
② 进展式 to be doing: 表示的动作和谓语动词动作__________。
. The boy pretended to be working hard.
He seems to be reading in his room.
③ 完成式 to have done: 表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作_______。
. I’m sorry to have interrupted you.
比拟该句和I’m sorry to interrupt you.的区别：
㈡ 不定式的语态：参照物是___________，须比拟二者的________关系。
. a. The library __________ next year is very beautiful. (build)
b. The room seems ___________________ already. (tidy up)
注：
① 在easy, hard, difficult, pleasant, interesting等形容词后的不定式由于往往能补充出for sb.〔即动作的发出者〕, 所以通常使用主动形式：
