英语常见前缀和后缀

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常见前缀和后缀
表示否定的前缀
1.dis-加在名词、形容词,动词之前。

disadvantage(缺点)dishonorable(不光彩的)disagree(不同意)
2.in-加在形容词,名词之前incorrect(不正确的),inability (无能,无力),inaccurate(不准确的)
3.im-加在字母m,b,p之前impossible(不可能的),impolite (不礼貌的)
4.un-加在名词,形容词,副词之前unfinished(未完成的)undoubted(无疑的)unemployment(失业)
5.mis-加在动词、名词之前misunderstand(误解),misjudge (误判),misleading(误导),misfortune(不幸)
表示“回”、“再次”、“向后”的前缀
1.Re- retranslate(再译),reinforce(加强),reconstruct(重建),return(返回)
表示“相互”、“之间”的前缀
1.Inter- international(国际的),
名词后缀
1.-ster,-eer,-er(or)意为:从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人(person engaged in an occupation or activity)例词:
songster,engineer,profiteer,mountaineer,auctioneer,
driver,teacher,director,actor,
2.-ess意为:女性(female)例词:actress,poetess,hostess,paintress
3.-tion,-ion意为:1)状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词:action,possession,education,starvation 2)机构等
(institution;etc.)例词:organization,foundation
4.-ment意为:状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词:movement,enslavement,pavement
5.-al意为:动作(action)例词:arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal
动词后缀
1.-ify意为:转为,变为(to turn into,to make or become)例词:beautify,diversify,simplify
2.-ize;-en意为:使……,变得……(to make or become ;to make into)例词:modernize,popularize,symbolize,ripen,widen,heighten,threaten
形容词后缀:
1.-ful意为:充满,有(full of;hav- ing;giving;etc.)例词:useful,pitiful,hopeful,helpful,forgetful,thankful,
2.-less意为:没有,无(without;not giving)例词:speechless,childless,harmless,hopeless,meaningless
3.-ly意为:有……品质的(having the qualities of)例词:beastly,manly,brotherly,friendly
副词后缀
1.-ly意为:以……方式(in a...manner;etc.)例词:happily,boldly,attentively,strangely
2. ward(s),earthward(s),homeward(s),eastward(s)。