语法填空提示类 形容词和副词
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第七十六讲有提示词的语法填空1提示词为“形容词副词”一学习目标1.了解各个命题点二考点解析⊙提示词为形容词或副词命题点1.考查形容词或副词的比较等级所给提示词是形容词或副词时,需考虑是否变为比较级或最高级。
①(2016·全国卷Ⅱ) If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of 61.________ (great) and less importance.分析:考查比较等级。
本空所填之词与less是并列关系,应用比较级的形式。
故答案为greater。
②(2014·辽宁高考)The 68.________ (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit.分析:考查固定句式中的比较等级。
这里是“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”句式,表示“越……就越……”。
故答案为harder。
命题点2.考查词类转换所给提示词是形容词时,还需要考虑形容词转化为副词或名词。
①(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)The title will be 63.________ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.分析:考查词类转换。
修饰谓语部分应用副词形式。
故答案为officially。
②(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 63.________ (able) to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment.分析:考查词类转换。
语法填空之有提示词(原卷版)在一篇约200词左右的短文中留出10个空白,部分空白后面给出单词的基本形式,要求考生根据上下文在空白处填写1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。
语法填空则更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用,强调词汇的变形。
同时强调语篇分析能力,凸显交际性和语境化特征。
有提示词的空处一般考查的是动、名、形、副。
一、有提示词解法思维导图(一)高频考点之一:提示词为动词1.考查谓语动词解题攻略若句中无谓语动词,或者虽然已有谓语动词,但需填的动词与之是并列关系时,所给动词就是谓语动词;此时,应先考虑时态,考生可以根据句中的时间状语或语篇提示确定时态,然后考虑语态,最后需考虑主谓一致和语气问题,来确定谓语动词的数。
举例1 While running regularly can't make youlive forever, the review says it ____分析:分析句子结构可知,前半句是由while引导的让步状语从句,后半句是主句,主句中(be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming. 含有一个宾语从句,即it ...or swimming作says 的宾语。
又因此处是对客观情况的描述,应用一般现在时,再根据主谓一致原则可知,应填is。
举例2 Diets have changed in China — and so toohas its top crop. Since 2011, the country ____ (grow) more corn than rice.分析:分析句子成分可知,空格所在的句子中缺少谓语动词。
根据时间状语Since 2011可知,谓语动词需用现在完成时,根据句意可知应用主动语态,再根据主谓一致原则可知填hasgrown。
举例3 The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture findsthat between 2005 — when thegovernment ____ (start) a soil-testingprogram that gives specific fertilizerrecommendations to farmers — and 2011,fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.分析:分析句子结构可知,when the government____ (start) a soil-testing program为关系副词when引导的定语从句,先行词为2005。
高考英语形容词和副词在语法填空和改错题中的6个考点形容词和副词是历年高考的考点,主要在语法填空和短文改错题型中考查。
形容词主要用来修饰名词和代词,表示人物或事物的性质和特征。
副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词甚至是句子。
语法填空题对形容词和副词的考查主要是形容词作定语或表语、形容词和副词的比较级或最高级、形容词和副词的词性转化等。
短文改错题对形容词与副词的考查主要涉及形容词和副词比较等级的误用(尤其是在本身已是比较级的词前误加more)、形容词与副词的混用(如修饰动词时误用形容词或修饰名词时误用副词)等,另外,用作表语时该用形容词的却误用了名词、简短副词(如 in, down 等)的误加与漏用、涉及形容词搭配的as…as 结构、how 与 what 的混用等也是常考的考点。
原级,比较级、最高级的选用及应用范围,复习中须注意如下句型的用法:①as + 原级adj. / adv. + as表“和…一样” ;not as / so + 原级adj. / adv. + as表“不如…”。
例如:John plays football as well as David.Tom does not play the piano so/as well as Jack.The violin in the other shop will be cheaper, but not as good.②as + 原级adj. + a(n) + n. + as表“跟…一样”。
例如:It’s believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.Our neighbor has as big a house as ours.③比较级 + than表“比…更” ;less+原级+ than表“不如…”。
例如:This year they have produced less grain than they did last year.This road is wider than that one.④the + 比较级, the + 比较级,表示“越…,就会越…”。
中考形容词副词语法填空
在中考的语法填空中,形容词和副词的考查是常见考点。
以下是有关形容词和副词在语法填空中的一些常见考点和解题技巧:
1. 形容词的考查:
- 形容词通常用来描述名词或代词的性质或特征。
- 解题技巧:先确定空格后的名词,再根据句意选择合适的形容词。
2. 副词的考查:
- 副词通常用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,表示动作的方式、程度或时间等。
- 解题技巧:先确定空格前的词性,如果是动词,再根据句意选择合适的副词。
3. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级:
- 比较级通常用于表示两者之间的比较,而最高级则用于三者或以上的比较。
- 解题技巧:先判断是否需要使用比较级或最高级,再根据句意选择正确的比较结构。
4. 形容词和副词的固定搭配:
- 有些形容词和副词有固定的搭配关系,如“quickly”、“easily”等。
- 解题技巧:注意积累常见的固定搭配,并掌握其用法。
5. 形容词和副词的词义辨析:
- 有些形容词和副词的词义相近但用法不同,如“good”和“well”。
- 解题技巧:理解每个选项的词义,并结合句意进行选择。
综上所述,要提高在中考语法填空中对形容词和副词的掌握能力,建议平时多积累词汇、掌握常见搭配、理解词义辨析,并多做相关练习题。
专题一语法填空有提示词语法填空——名词、代词、形容词、副词【题型把握】语篇语法填空题的形式为:在一篇200词左右的语篇(短文或对话)中留出10处空白,部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式,要求我们要根据上下文填写空白处所需要的内容或所提供单词的正确形式,所填写词语不得多于3个单词,我们需要灵活运用语法知识,如单词词性,单词时态,名词单复数,连接词,代词,冠词,主谓一致,语态,等来判断各填空处应填写的内容。
一般分为两种类型,有提示词的和无提示词的语法填空,本讲义着重讲解有提示词的语法填空相关的技巧。
【知识导图】【解题技巧】有提示词的解题技巧技巧1. 首先分析该空的句子成分,再确定词性和词形。
技巧2.句中谓语缺失,要考虑时态和语态,主谓一致。
技巧3.若提示词是动词,在句中不做谓语,需优先考虑非谓动词:to do, doing, done.技巧4.形容词和副词最常考,词性变换和级别最重要。
一、考点1: 提示词为名词的词形变化【解题步骤】(1)看是否有提示词(2)看给的什么词,句中缺什么,名词在句中可以做主语、宾语、同位语、表语、定语、状语、补语等。
(3)单数变复是重点,词性转换是关键(4)定语名词常变格,固定搭配意当先【知识清单】1.名词的单复数若提示词是可数名词单数,分析句子成分后发现词性不需要改变,此时应考虑填名词的复数。
若有以下情况考虑名词复数:(1)有数词或these, those, several, many, all, both, various, numerous等词修饰时用名词复数形式。
(2)名词前有one of时用名词复数形式。
(3)若谓语动词是复数形式,且空处作主语,则空处应填名词复数形式。
注意一些不规则变化的名词复数,如child→children,man→men,woman→women,tooth→teeth,foot→feet等。
名词变复数的六种变化形式:2.名词的所有格提示词与其后的名词是所属关系,应考虑名词的所有格。
语法填空:提示词为形容词的考查方向知识精讲(一)了解常见的形容词后缀为了更快速确定括号内的提示词为形容词,需要记住常见的形容词后缀,以下就是常见的形容词后缀:形容词后缀例子-able/-ible (能够的)unforgettable;impossible;flexible;adjustable-al (…的)professional;national;traditional-an/-ian(…人,…的)American;musician;physician;Indian-ful/-less (充满、有/缺少、helpful/helpless; useful/useless; hopeful/hopeless; homeless没有)-ous(充满)dangerous; poisonous; serious; cautious; anxious-ent/-ant (…的)absent; confident; significant; distant; important-en (某种物质形成的,制woolen; wooden; golden成或生产)-ish (具有某种性质,含贬foolish; selfish; childish义)-some(具备某种特质)troublesome; handsome; awesome; tiresome参考答案:参考答案:A练一练:1.regularly;2.recently;3. officially;4. fairly;5.actually;6.finally7.hugely;8.extremely9. undoubtedlyB 练一练:1.kindness;2.majority;3.significance;4. sadness;5. equality;6. possibilityC 练一练:1.faster;2.less;3.longer;4. highest;5. best;6. largestD 练一练:1.impatienteless;3. unlikely;4.impossible;5.unfair巩固练习:1.possibility2.silence3.patience4.importance5.efficiently6.greener7.best8.currently9.especially10.earlier11.better12.earlier13.higher14.longer15.loudest16.higher17.worse18.more19.higher20.anxiety21.ability22.importance23.inconvenient24.unable25.uninterested26.length27.warmth28.strength29.depth30.distance二、语法填空A:①where ②inspired ③strength ④saying ⑤trying ⑥Although/Though ⑦smartly ⑧what ⑨is expected ⑩isB:①valuable ②on ③happiness ④to work ⑤be provided ⑥who/that ⑦accessed/accessible ⑧attending ⑨seriously ⑩itC:①into ②smoking ③who ④works ⑤owners ⑥to report ⑦by ⑧formally ⑨which ⑩from。
易错点22 有提示词之形容词和副词目录01 易错陷阱(3大陷阱)02 举一反三【易错点提醒一】词性、词形转换类易混易错点【易错点提醒二】级别类易混易错点【易错点提醒三】用法类易混易错点03 易错题通关易错陷阱1:词性、词形转换类易混易错点。
【分析】形容词一般在词尾加-ly变为副词,但也有不规则变化形式需牢记。
易错陷阱2:级别类易混易错点。
【分析】易错陷阱3:用法类易混易错点。
【分析】形容词作定语用于修饰名词,常谓语名词之前;分词形容词作表语时,-ing类常修饰事物,如:exciting, surprising, moving, puzzling等;-ed类副词形容词常修饰人或人的表情,如:excited, surprised, moved, puzzled等。
形容词作状语,修饰主语,与主语构成逻辑上的主系表关系。
副词作状语,修饰动词、形容词、副词和句子。
【易错点提醒一】词性转换类易混易错点【例1】(广东省深圳市红岭中学2023-2024学年高三统考试题)It is an ancient _________ (architecture) complex with a history of more than 600 years. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, twenty-four emperors lived here ruling China for nearly 500 years.【答案】architectural【解析】考查形容词。
句意:它是一个有600多年历史的古代建筑群。
分析句子可知,此处应为形容词,作定语修饰名词“complex”,表示“建筑的”。
故填architectural。
【变式1】(广东省佛山市南海区2023-2024学年高三测试题)“Hospitable Shandong” has become an __ (influence) tourism brand(品牌).【答案】influential【解析】考查形容词。
语法填空之形容词和副词
【解题技巧】
当括号中所给词是形容词或副词,且空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时,要根据语境,理解句意,若该词意思不变,逻辑上讲得通,就很可能填该词的比较级(或最高级);若需要用与该词意义相反的词逻辑才通顺的,就要在该词前加表示否定或相反意义的前缀。
注意:要善于分析语境,辨别省略了than...的隐性比较级。
具体解题技巧如下:
第一步:分析结构,确定所给词在句子中作定语还是状语。
第二步:根据结构、语境或句子意义确定是填比较级还是最高级。
【考点】形容词作定语,形容词和副词的比较等级或最高级,词义比较等。
1、形容词与副词的相互转换
例1:…we drank together and talked (merry) till far into the night.
例2:He was very (happily) about his purchase and the price was reasonable.
2.形容词、副词的比较级或最高级
例3:…one of the (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher, Ms Chen.
例4:Factories and business lose millions of dollars every year because of smokers. Smokers have (high) medical bills.
3. 加前缀或后缀转变词性或词义
例5:With the problem solved, I felt proud of my achievement. (fortunate), I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left to complete.
例6:…I don’t know if he planted the poem next to the failing grade to (soft) the blow, but it worked.
核心提示: 注意归纳由形容词或副词加上前缀或后缀后演变的各种词形变化,做题时仍然以语境分析为主。
4、以-ing和-ed结尾的形容词的用法
例7:Each day we were late for school, and I remember the teacher got very . (annoy)
例8:Games are often (excite) and dramatic, but they generally aren’t very intellectual.
考查比较级的修饰语
例9:Tim drove very carefully, but John drove more carefully than Tim did.
核心提示: 比较级前可用much, far, a lot,等表示“得多”,用a bit, a little, rather, some, any 等表示“一点”,用even, far, still等表示“更加”等;在最高级前可用by far, the very, much the 等修饰。
通过这些修饰语,也可以判断形容词或副词该用比较级还是最高级。
【典型练习】
1. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be ________(sweet).
2.If he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. It might have made it a little______ (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didn’t stop the kids in the class.
3.He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, but he felt very happy since the crop did "grow" ________(high).
4. They gave money to the old people’s home either________(personal) or through their
companies.
5. Andy is content with the toy. It is__________ (good) than he has ever get.
6. With online shopping increasingly popular, the Internet is seen as a(n) ___________ (efficiency ) way of reaching target customers.
7. This is by far_____________(inspire) movie that I have ever seen.
8. Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said _______(sharp), “Don’t be so mean,”pointing a finger of warning at her.
9. If we leave right away,___________(hope) we will arrive on time.
10. Saturday is my______________(busy) day in a week.。