上海市高考英语完形填空试题(含答案)

2014年高考英语真题上海卷（含答案详解）补全短文（共16小题；共16.0分）AMy Stay in New YorkAfter graduation from university, I had been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town. So I decided to leave home for New York, 1. I might have a better chance to find a good job. 2. (earn) some money to pay the daily expenses, I started work in a local café as a waiter. I believed that 3. I was offered a good position, I would resign at once.Over time, the high cost of living became a little burden on my already 4. (exhaust) shoulders. On the other hand, my search for a respectable job had not met with much success. As I had studied literature at university, I found it quite difficult to secure a suitable job in big companies. Mother had said that 5. I wanted to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city. Perhaps, 6. my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. I just did as she had expected.Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I still did not like it. Apparently, I had difficulty 7. (adapt) myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight. After nine months of frustration, I eventually decided to go back to my small town. Not until I returned 8.I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.BThe giant vending machine (自动售货机) is a new village shop Villagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic supplies. However, help is now nearer at hand in form of the country's first automatic push-button shop. Now residents in the Derbyshire Village of Clifton can buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in the village this week.Peter Fox, who is 9. electrical engineer, spent two and a half years working on the project. The machine10. (equip) with securing cameras and alarms, and looks like a mini shop with a brick front, a grey roof and a display window.Mr. Fox said he hoped his invention, 11. is set to be installed in other villages in the area over the coming months, will mark a return to convenience shopping for rural communities.He said, "I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn't find a manufacturer who could deliver what I wanted, so I did it by 12. . The result is what amounts to huge outdoor vending machine. Yet I think the term 'automatic shop' is far 13. (appropriate)."In recent years, the commercial pressure from supermarket chains 14. (force) village shops across the country to close. In 2010, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, 15. (urge) the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set-up new community stores.Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their own volunteer-run shops, but Mr. Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution 16. those villages without a local shop.选词填空（共10小题；共10.0分）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.alert classify commit delicatelygentle impose labels moderation relieve signals simplyLet's say you've decided you want to eat more healthfully. However, you don't have time to carefully plan menus for meals or read food 17. at the supermarket. Since you really 18. yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn't it? This is where a "choice architect" can help 19. some of the burden of doing it all yourself. Choice architects are people who organize the contexts in which customers make decisions. For example, the person who decides the layout of your local supermarket—including which shelf the peanut butter goes on, and how the oranges are piled up—is a choice architect.Governments don't have to 20. healthier lifestyles through laws—for example, smoking bans. Rather, if given an environment created by a choice architect—one that encourages us to choose what is best—we will do the right things. In other words, there will be designs that gently push customers toward making healthier choices, without removing freedom of choice. This ideacombines freedom to choose with 21. hints from choice architects, who aim to help people live longer, healthier, and happier lives.The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called "traffic light system" to 22. foods as healthy or unhealthy. This means that customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains 23. by looking at the lights on the package. A green light 24. that the amounts of the three nutrients are healthy; yellow indicates that the customer should be 25. ; and red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients and should be eaten in 26. . The customer is given important health information, but is still free to decide what to choose.完形填空（共15小题；共22.5分）Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films we've just watched or books we've just finished reading, but plain and simple 27 .Language is our greatest treasure as a species, and what do we 28 do with it? We gossip. About others' behaviour and private lives, such as who's doing what with whom, who's in and who's out—and why; how to deal with difficult 29 situations involving children, lovers, and colleagues.So why are we keen on gossiping? Are we just natural 30 , of both time and words? Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life? It's not the case according to Professor Robin Dunbar. In fact, in his latest book, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, the psychologist says gossip is one of these really 31 issues.Dunbar 32 the traditional view that language was developed by the men at the early stage of social development in order to organize their manly hunting activities more effectively, or even to promote the exchange of poetic stories about their origins and the supernatural. Instead he suggests that language evolved among women. We don't spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar—33 , he goes on to say, language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip.Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the 34 of the higher primates(灵长类动物) like monkeys. By means of grooming—cleaning the fur by brushing it, monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of some kind of conflict within the group or 35 from outside it.As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family, Dunbar 36 that at one time in our history we did much the same. Grouping together made sense because the bigger the group, the greater the 37 it provided; on the other hand, the bigger the group, the greater the stresses of living close to others. Grooming helped to 38 the pressure and calm everybody down.But as the groups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time spent in grooming activities also had to be 39 to maintain its effectiveness. Clearly, a more 40 kind of grooming was needed, and thus language evolved as a kind of vocal(有声的) grooming which allowed humans to develop relationship with ever-larger groups by exchanging information over a wider network of individuals than would be possible by one-to-one 41 contact.27. A. claim B. description C. gossip D. language28. A. occasionally B. habitually C. independently D. originally29. A. social B. political C. historical D. cultural30. A. admirers B. masters C. users D. wasters31. A. vital B. sensitive C. ideal D. difficult32. A. confirms B. rejects C. outlines D. broadens33. A. for instance B. in addition C. on the contrary D. as a result34. A. motivation B. appearance C. emotion D. behavior35. A. attack B. contact C. inspection D. assistance36. A. recalls B. denies C. concludes D. confesses37. A. prospect B. responsibility C. leadership D. protection38. A. measure B. show C. maintain D. ease39. A. saved B. extended C. consumed D. gained40. A. common B. efficient C. scientific D. thoughtful41. A. indirect B. daily C. physical D. secret阅读理解（共12小题；共24.0分）AMost people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does Mother Nature agree? Animals can't talk, but can they lie in other ways? Can they lie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees, behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps them survive.Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. For example, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator(猎食动物) gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follows the "hurt" adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They don't make nests. Instead, they get into other birds' nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them.Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner's hand and start fighting again.Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don't hear them, and they don't need to share their food.As children, many of us learn the saying "You can't fool Mother Nature". But maybe you can't trust her, either.42. A plover protects its young from a predator by .A. getting closer to its youngB. driving away the adult predatorC. leaving its young in another nestD. pretending to be injured43. By "Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky" (paragraph 5), the authormeans .A. chimps are ready to attack othersB. chimps are sometimes dishonestC. chimps are jealous of the winnersD. chimps can be selfish too44. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Some chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others.B. The losing chimp won the fight by taking the winner's hand.C. Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests.D. Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back.45. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Do Animals Lie?B. Does Mother Nature Fool Animals?C. How Do Animals Learn to Lie?D. How does Honesty Help Animals Survive?BLet's say you want to hit the gym more regularly this year. How do you make that happen? Consider putting the habit loop to use.Here's how it works:A habit is a 3-step process. First, there's a cue, something that tells your brain to operate automatically. Then there's a routine. And finally, a reward, which helps your brain learn to desire the behavior. It's what you can use to create—or break—habits of your own.Here's how to apply it:Choose a cue, like leaving your running shoes by the door, then pick a reward—say, a piece of chocolate when you get home from the gym. That way, the cue and the reward become interconnected. Finally, when you see the shoes, your brain will start longing for the reward, which will make it easier to work out day after day. The best part? In a couple of weeks, you won't need the chocolate at all. Your brain will come to see the workout itself as the reward. Which is the whole point, right?46. Which of the following best fits in the box with a "?" in THE HABIT LOOP?A. Pick a new cue.B. Form a new habit.C. Choose a new reward.D. Design a new resolution.47. According to THE HABIT LOOP, you can stick to your plan most effectivelyby .A. changing the routineB. trying it for a weekC. adjusting your goalD. writing it down48. What's the purpose of putting the habit loop to use?A. To test out different kinds of cues.B. To do something as a habit even without rewards.C. To work out the best New Year's resolution.D. To motivate yourself with satisfactory rewards.49. "This year when I see the Harry Potter poster, I will read 30 pages of an English novel or an English newspaper in order to watch TV for half an hour." What is the cue in this resolution?A. The Harry Potter poster.B. Reading 30 pages of an English novel.C. An English newspaper.D. Watching TV for half an hour.CIf you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? Your neighbour or a super star? A few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality (虚拟现实) device. Rikke Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by agroup of artists based in Barcelona. She swapped with her partner, an actor, using a machine called The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man. "As I looked down, I saw my whole body as a man, dressed in my partner's pants," she said. "That's the picture I remember best."The set-up is relatively simple. Both users wear a virtual reality headset with a camera on the top. The video from each camera is sent to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your partner. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it.To get used to seeing another person's body without actually having control of it, participants start by raising their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. Eventually, this kind of slow synchronised(同步的) movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they are living in another person's body.Using such technology promises to alter people's behaviour afterwards—potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be effective in fighting racism—the bias(偏见) that humans have against those who don't look or sound like them. Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people's associations between, for instance, black people and adjectives such as good, bad, athletic or awkward. Then they asked them to control the body of a dark skinned digital character using virtual reality glasses, before taking the test again. This time, the participants' bias scores were lower. The idea is that once you've "put yourself in another's shoes" you're less likely to think ill of them, because your brain has internalised the feeling of being that person.The creators of The Machine to Be Another hope to achieve a similar result. "At the end of body swapping, people feel like holding each other in their arms," says Arthur Pointeau, a programmer with the project. "It's a really nice way to have this kind of experience. I would really, really recommend it to everyone."50. The word "swapping" (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to " ".A. buildingB. exchangingC. controllingD. transplanting51. We can infer from the experiment at the Be Another lab that .A. our feelings are related to our bodily experienceB. we can learn to take control of other people's bodiesC. participants will live more passionately after the experimentD. The Machine to Be Another can help people change their sexes52. In the Implicit Association Test, before the participants used virtual reality glasses to control a dark skinned digital character, .A. they fought strongly against racismB. they scored lower on the test for racismC. they changed their behaviour dramaticallyD. they were more biased against those unlike them53. It can be concluded from the passage that .A. technology helps people realize their dreamsB. our biases could be eliminated through experimentsC. virtual reality helps promote understanding among peopleD. our points of view about others need changing constantly阅读与表达（共4小题；共8.0分）More and more corporations are taking an interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR is made up of three broad layers. The most basic is traditional corporate charity work. Companies typically spend about 1% of pre-tax profits on worthy projects. But many feel that simply writing cheques to charities is no longer enough. In some companies, shareholders want to know that their money is being put to good use, and employees want to be actively involved in good works.Money alone is not the answer when companies come under attack for their behavior. Hence the second layer of CSR, which is a branch of risk management. Starting in the 1980s, with environmental disasters such as the explosion at Bhopal and the Exxon Valdez oil spill, industry after industry has suffered blows to its reputation.So, companies often responded by trying to manage the risks. They talk to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and to governments, create codes of conduct (行为准则) and devote themselves to more transparency(透明) in their operations. Increasingly, too, they, along with their competitors, set common rules to spread risks.All this is largely defensive, but there are also opportunities for those that get ahead of the game. The emphasis on opportunity is the third layer of CSR: the idea that it can help to create value. If approached in a strategic way, CSR could become part of a company's competitive advantage. That is just the sort of thing chief executives like to hear. The idea of "doing well by doing good" has become popular.Nevertheless, the business of trying to be good is bringing difficult questions to executives. Can you measure CSR performance? Should you be cooperating with NGOs and your competitors? Is there any really competitive advantage to be had from a green strategy?Corporate social responsibility is now seen as a mainstream. Big companies want to tell the world about their good citizenship with their devotion to social responsibilities. Done badly, CSR is often just window-dressing and can be positively harmful. Done well, though, it is not some separate activity that companies do on the side, a corner of corporate life reserved for virtue(美德): it is just good business.根据短文内容填空，每空不多于10个词。

2022高考英语上海市一模（完形填空）强化训练（6）及答案Lanzhou，Gansu，Tong Shiqiang dashed into a kindergarten behind his primary school several times，carrying a 1 of kids each time he rushed out of their classroom on that fateful of 14 years old and 1.5m can now 2 a national bravery award for saving seven children.The grade­6 student was 3 a Chinese language class in Zhongwang Primary School in Qishan village of Longnan city，one of the worst­hit areas in Gansu Province，4 the deadly quake struck on May were 49 5 studentsin his class at the time.“Window panes began rattling and it 6 a huge swarmof bees was buzzing underground，” 7 Tong Shuangxi，Tong Shiqiang’s teacher and uncle.“The sound grew8 ...and then I 9 it was an earthquake.”The teacher yelled，“ 10 out！”All the students ranout of the room immediately.11 outside，Tong Shuangxi rushed toward the kindergarten where the children12 a Shiqiang ran with him.Only three of the kids had 13 to run out of their room when they 14 the rest were crying，too 15 to 16 less than three minutes for the uncle­nephew duo to carry out all the five­and six­year­olds to 17 .18 whether all the kids had been saved，Tong and his nephew had 19 begun checking the rolls when the classroom’s walls fell down.“That’s the only time I was scared，” said Tong Shiqiang.The 14­year­old is 20 to be nominated(提名) for the child hero award，to be given by the Ministry of Education and the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Youth League.1．B．dozen C．lot D．number2．B．give C．show D．win3．B．hearing C．attending D．giving4．B．when C．where D．which5．B．another C．others D．the other6．B．seemed C．appeared D．turned7．B．remained C．reminded D．remarked8．B．weaker C．louder D．clearer9．B．found C．realized D．recognized10．B．Anybody C．Somebody D．Everybody11．B．Before C．Since D．Once12．B．have C．were having D．having had13．B．managed C．wanted D．wondered14．B．got C．reached D．escaped15．B．moved C．surprised D．excited16．B．spent C．carried D．paid17．B．classroom C．yard D．safety18． sure B．No wonder C．No problem D．Not nearly19．B．ever C．never D．just20．B．friendly C．kindly D．likelyⅠ. 1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．A 9．C 10．D11．D 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．A16．A 17．D 18．A 19．D 20．D************************************************************结束（松江）A stable post in government offices is what thousands of millions of well-educated young people have been DYING for. This year, a total of million people __41__ for the national civil servant examination in China, __42__ another impressive record in the number of young people __43__ for government jobs, often with odds of hundreds to one. In the northeastern city of Harbin, for example, 440 openings for drivers, __44__ and cleaners in the municipal public sanitation service drew More than 7,000 __45__ from young people under 30 and almost half of them were college graduates.The __46__ shift in young people's job preferences in recent years has analysts and educators worried. Many applicants are __47__ to the stability of government jobs in a time of increasing economic uncertainty, but some experts say that young people, __48__ recent college graduates, should be more adventurous and entrepreneurial. They should beware of settling down into comfortable government jobs that offer little in __49__ of career progression or personal growth.41〜45 EIBHF 46〜49 JCDA*********************************************************结束（青浦）Attracting donations is a chief concern for nonprofit organizations and projects. An effective, professional donation-request letter is a necessary tool for fund-raising. Researching possible donors and 41 a database of names and organizations is one key to success, but the ability to write a donation-request letter has an even greater impact on successful fund-raising. The following are some tips/instructions.Research potential donors via the Internet. Research small companies in 42 to large foundations. Sometimes a small local company will assist you in reaching your goal. A simple appeal to a public-spirited local firm may inspire a surprisingly 43 donation.Find the appropriate contact person. Address your letter to a real person who is in a position to entitle a donation. Beginning your letter w ith “To Whom It May Concern” or “Dear Country Market” stands little44 of attracting the attention of the right staff member.And then, 45 the letter properly. Begin your letter with a vivid and readable description of your organization’s work, a nd highlight a recent success story. Continue with a few general 46 to impress the contact person with your organization’s efficiency and effectiveness. Next, describe in full the 47 project or effort for which a donation is needed and who willbenefit. Include all contact information, including telephone, fax and email, and end by inviting the person to contact you if any 48 information is needed. Finally, hand on the letter to colleagues for proofreading and suggestions.Keep careful records of donations and send thank-you letters. Donors often are willing to 49 again if they are shown how their contribution was put to use. Follow-up letters can assist in this effort.Section B41～49 C E A D J B H I F*******************************************************结束（普陀）There are more than almost two million cars on the streets of Shanghai. That’s not a big number _41_ to the city’s population of 23 million, but everyone agrees that traffic is a big problem here. And many people would argue that it’s not the number of cars on the road, but the _42_ of the drivers that is the main cause of concern.According to one survey, 37% of Shanghai drivers have less than three years of driving experience. Many of these drivers are middle-aged and have never operated machinery more _43_ than a washing machine. On the road, they drive fast when they should drive slow, _44_ use turn signals, and make right turns on red lights without stopping first. And in the past year, there have been several incidents that resulted in pedestrian deaths when _45_ drivers mistook the gas pedal for the brake (刹车)pedal.There are new regulations _46_ at making it more difficult for people to get a driver’s license, but that is only a partial solution to Shanghai’s traffic problems. What is really needed is a _47_ in dr ivers’ attitudes. There seems to be a lack of concern for safety on the part of drivers: their own safety and the safety of others.You can see this every day as drivers change lanes aggressively and _48_ pedestrians at crosswalks and intersections.A car is a great convenience, but it can also be a _49_ weapon. Drivers will have to realize that before Shanghai’s streets can become truly safe.41-----49 FHABICEJD******************************************************结束（浦东）Nursing, as a typically female profession, must deal constantly with the false impression that nurses are there to wait on the position. As nurses, we are licensed to provide nursing care only. We do not have any legal or moral obligation to any physician. We provide health teaching, __41__ physical as well as emotional problems, coordinate patient-related services and make all of our nursing decisions based upon what is best or suitable for the patient. If, in any circumstance, we feel that the physician’s order is __42__ or unsafe, we have a legal responsibility to __43__that order or refuse to carry it out. Nursing is not a nine-to-five job with every weekend off. All nurses are aware of that before they enter the __44__. The emotional and physical stress, however, which __45__ due to hard working hours is a prime reason for a lot of the career __46__. It is sometimes required that we work overtime and that we change shifts four or five times a month. That disturbs our personal lives, disrupts our sleeping and eating habits, and isolates us from everything except __47__ friends and activities. The quality of nursing care is being affected dramatically by these situations. Most hospitals are now staffed by new graduates as experienced nurses finally give up trying to change the system. Consumers of medically-related services have evidently not been affected enough yet to demand __48__ in our medical system. But if __49__ continue as predicted, they will find that most critical hospitalcare will be provided by new, inexperienced and sometimes inadequately-trained nurses.41~49. GABIJ HFDE*******************************************************结束。

命题分析08年上海英语高考的完形填空有了很大变化，作为高考改革的先锋，08以前的上海市英语试卷的完形填空就与众不同。

在题量上虽然与全国多数省市一样，但分为A、B两篇小完形，分别占10题。

在08年的单项选择缩编的情况下，08年的完形填空题量有增，新增题型“多选几”的题量为9题，原题形的完形填空增为15题，篇幅有所增加。

而对新的改革，仔细辨认一下，“多选几”其实就是现行大学新四、六级取代单选的新贵。

希望同学们的视线不要仅仅限于高考，英语的学习是不分级别的，作为发达城市里学生，更应该具备这一素质，只有进行多方面的尝试，才会在出现新题型时，具备一定的应变能力。

望同学们在今后的学习中，广泛的学习各种英语知识，高考也许只考我们所学的一部分，但当我们对各种英语知识了如指掌的时候，我们还会怕它吗！06上海高考完形填空(A)The term home schooling means educating children at home or in places other than a normal setting such as a public or private school. There are many reasons why parents choose home schooling for their children. Some parents are __45__ with the quality of education in the public schools. Others do not want their children to have to worry about “peer pressure”, or social pressure from friends. They say it may have a(n) __46__ effect on the child's studies. These parents __47__ this type of pressure will lead to bad behavior such as smoking, drinking alcohol, and taking drugs.Bullying(欺负) from other students is another concern. Still other parents choose this type of __48__ for religious reasons. Whatever the __49__ may be, it is evident that more and more children are being taken out of normal schools every year. __50__, many questions have emerged, encouraging the debate over home schooling against public schooling.What then is the future of education? Will this new model of schooling replace normal schools? Will computers and the Internet __51__ our classrooms and teachers? As the debate continues, so do the questions about what home schoolers are studying at home. How can parents ensure that their children are prepared __52__ for college? How are home schoolers assessed to make sure they are getting the same educational standards that school students must have?Finally, there are questions regarding the children's emotional development. Are they too __53__ their fellow students? Are they __54__ the opportunity to get the social benefits of being in a large classroom of students? As with any debatable issue, the answers to these questions are neither simple nor one-sided.45. A. patient B. familiar C. pleased D. dissatisfied46. A. active B. contrary C. important D. negative47. A. care B. fear C. wish D. deny48. A. activity B. education C. behavior D. belief49. A. effects B. suggestions C. reasons D. pressures50. A. As a result B. On the whole C. After all D. On the contrary51. A. replace B. reserve C. represent D. release52. A. gracefully B. emotionally C. academically D. financially53. A. free from B. isolated from C. related to D. close to54. A. providing B. making C. taking D. losing(B)Many people of my generation say that there is no hope for the future because of the way that young people behave today.Their first argument is that when we were __55__ we used to look after the older people in our community and help them. They also say that young people today don't care about anything or anyone. __56__, I think the reason why we looked after older people was that we had no __57__. People had to live with their parents and grandparents because they had no money. Young people today earn more and have more freedom to live where they want. __58__ this, I think that they are still interested in older people. For example, young people often __59__ to help me when I get on and off the bus with heavy shopping.Their second argument is that in our day we didn't __60__ to be given jobs —— and that young people now don't look for jobs, but just complain about unemployment. On the other hand, things were easier in the past and it was always easy to get a job __61__ you had friends and contacts. It is really harder today. Young people complain about unemployment and I think they have __62__ reason to complain.In conclusion I think there is __63__ for the future. This generation, like generations before them, has new __64__ as well as old problems. If they learn from our mistakes the world will be a better place in future.55. A. ignorant B. young C. childish D. innocent56. A. Moreover B. Meanwhile C. Therefore D. However57. A. trouble B. concept C. choice D. method58. A. In addition to B. In spite of C. Due to D. As for59. A. offer B. hesitate C. refuse D. mean60. A. prepare B. regret C. decline D. expect61. A. unless B. if C. until D. because62. A. every B. no C. this D. another63. A. possibility B. feasibility C. hope D. result64. A. events B. questions C. hobbies D. opportunities07上海高考完形填空（A）Being alone in outer space can be frightening. That is one reason why astronauts on solo（单独的）space flight were given plenty of work to keep them 45 . They were also in constant communication with people on the earth, 46 , being with people from whom you cannot get away might be even harder than being alone. This is what happens on long submarine （潜水艇）voyages. It will also happen on 47 space flights in the future. Will there be special problems of adjustment under such conditions?Scientists have studied the reactions of men to one another during long submarine voyages. They have found that the longer the voyage lasts, the more serious the problem of 48 is. When men are 49 together for a long period, they begin to feel uneasy. Everyone has little habits of speaking and behaving that are ordinarily acceptable. In the limited space over a long period of time, however, these little habits may become very 50 .Apparently, although no one wants to be 51 all the time, everyone needs some degree of privacy. When people are enclosed together, they are in what is called a stress situation. That means that they are under an unusual amount of 52 or stress.People who are well-adjusted are able to 53 stress situations better than others. That is one reason why so much care is taken in 54 our astronauts. These men undergo a long period of testing and training. One of the things tested is their behaviour under stress.45．A．tired B．asleep C．conscious D．busy46．A．So far B．After all C．However D．Therefore47．A．long B．fast C．dangerous D．direct48．A．fuel B．entertainment C．adjustment D．health49．A．shut up B．held up C．brought up D．picked up50．A．pleasing B．annoying C．common D．valuable51．A．noisy B．alone C．personal D．sociable52．A．emphasis B．conflict C．power D．pressure53．A．handle B．create C．affect D．investigate54．A．becoming B．choosing C．ordering D．promoting（B）One topic is rarely mentioned in all the talk of improving standards in our schools: the almost complete failure of foreign-language teaching. As a French graduate who has taught for more than twenty-five years, I believe I have some idea of why the failure is so total. 55 the faults already found out in the education system as a whoie-such as child-centred learning, the “discovery”method, and the low expectations by teachers of pupils-there have been several serious 56 which have a direct effect on language teaching.The first is the removal from the curriculum（课程）of the thorough teaching of English57 . Pupils now do not know a verb from a noun, the subject of a sentence from its object, or the difference between the past, present, or future.Another important error is mixed-ability teaching, or teaching in ability groups so 58 that the most able pupils are 59 and are bored while the least able are lost and 60 Bored. Strangely enough, few head teachers seem to be in favour of mixed-ability school football teams.Progress depends on memory, and pupils start to forget immediately they stop having 61 lessons. This is why many people who attended French lessons at school, even those who got good grades, have forgotten it a few years later. 62 they never need it, they do not practice it.Most American schools have accepted what is inevitable and 63 modem languages, even Spanish, from the curriculum. Perhaps it is time for Britaio to do the same, andstop 64 resources on a subject which few pupils want or need.55．A．Due to B．In addition to C．Instead of D．In spite of 56．A．errors B．situations C．systems D．methods 57．A．vocabulary B．culture C．grammar D．literature 58．A．wide B．similar C．separate D．unique 59．A．kept out B．turned down C．help back D．left behind60A．surprisingly B．individually C．equally D．regular 61．A．extra B．traditional C．basic D．regular 62．A．Although B．Because C．Until D．Unless 63．A．restored B．absorbed C．prohibited D．withdrawn 64．A．wasting B．focusing C．exploiting D．sharing08上海高考完形填空Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Frederick Douglass was an escaped slave in the movement that fought to end slavery in the United Stales. He became a 41 voce in the yean before the Civil War.A few weeks ago, the National Park Service (NPS) _42_ Douglass's birth and Black History Month with the reopening of his home at Cedar Hill, a _43 site in Washington. D.C. The two-story house, which contains many of Douglass's personal possessions, had undergone a three-year _44 _. (Thanks to the NTS website, however, you don't have to live in the nation's capital to visit it. Take a tour online.)He was born Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey to a slave mother and a white father he never knew. Douglass grew up to become the first black _45 to bold a government office — as US minister and consul general (总领事) to Haiti.As a youth, be never went to school. Educating slaves was illegal in the South, so be _46 taught himself to read and write. At 21 years old, he escaped from his slave owner to Massachusetts and changed his last name to Douglass, to hide his identity.In the 1850s, Douglass was involved with the Underground Railroad, the system _47 up by antislavery groups to bring runaway slaves to the North and Canada. His home in Rochester, N.Y. was near the Canadian border. It became an important station on the _48 , housing as many as 11 runaway slaves at a time.He died in 1895. In his lifetime, Douglass witnessed the end of slavery in 1865 and the adoption of the 15th Amendment to the US Constitution (美国宪法修正案), which _49 African-Americans the right to vote.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.People think children should play sports. Sports are fun, and playing with others. However, playing sports can have __50 effects on children. It may produce feelings of poor self-respect or aggressive behavior in some children. According to research on kids and sports, 40,000,000 kids play sports in the US. Of these, 18,000,000 say they have been __51 at or called names while playing sports. This leaves many children with a bad __52of sports. They think sports are just too aggressive.Many researchers believe adults, especially parents and coaches, are the main _53 of too much aggression ill children's sports. They believe children _54 _ aggressive adult behavior. This behavior is then further strengthened through both positive and negative feedback. Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children usually look up to them. Often these adults behave aggressively themselves, sending children the message that__55 is everything. Many parents go to children's sporting events and shout __56 _ at other players or cheer when their child behaves __57__. As well, children arc even taught that hurting other players is _ 58 or are pushed to continue playing even when they are injured _59 , the media makes violence seem exciting. Children watch adult sports games and see violent behavior replayed over and over on television.As a society, we really need to 60 this problem and do something about it. Parents and coaches _61 should act as better examples for children. They also need to teach children better__62 . They should not just cheer when children win or act aggressively. They should teach children to __63 _ , themselves whether they win or not. Besides, children should not be allowed to continue to play when they are injured. If adults allow children to play when injured, this gives the message that __64 is not as important as winning.50. A. restrictive B. negative C. active D. instructive51. A. knocked B. glanced C. smiled D. shouted52. A. impression B. concept C. taste D. expectation53. A. resource B. cause C. course D. consequence54. A. question B. understand C. copy D. neglect55. A. winning B. practising C. fun D. sport56. A. praises B. orders C. remarks D. insults57. A. proudly B. ambitiously C. aggressively D. bravely58. A. acceptable B. impolite C. possible D. accessible59. A. By contrast B. In addition C. As a result D.Afterall60. A. look up to B. face up to C. make up for D. come up with61. A. in particular B. in all C. in return D. in advance62. A. techniques B. means C. values D. directions63. A. respect B. relax C. forgive D. enjoy64. A. body B. fame C. health D. spirit 参考答案：06 45-64 DDBBC AACBD BDCBA DBACD07 45-64．DCACA BBDAB BACAC CDBDA08 41-49 JACIE DBGF50-64 BDABC ADCAB BACDC。

In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the now famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively 51 work and will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.上世纪60年代，Douglas McGregor是管理艺术重要的思想家之一，他提出了现在著名的X理论和Y理论。

X理论是一种想法，即人们本能的51 工作，并且做任何事情避免工作。

理念Y是另一个概念，即每个人都有在工作中寻找满足感的潜力。

In any case, despite so much evidence to the 52 , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe, 53 , that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed from 54 without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers.无论何种情况，尽管52 都有很多证据，许多管理人员仍然相信理论X。

53 ，他们认为如果他们想要工作高效，员工就需要指导，或者在无咨询的情况下，决策由54 施加。

当然，这会导致专制的管理人员。

上海市高考英语一模（完形填空）强化训练（9）Nicknamed the Golden Music Boy，Hu Yanbin was born and grew up in Shanghai.At the age of 15，he made a 1 that he would make his own album before he was 18.Fortunately，the 2 boy’s dream came true.His first album AdeptwithBothPenandSword3 in 2002 and he became the first mainland artist to 4 a solo album in the mainland，Hong Kong，and Taiwan 5 at the same time.The album 6 him to become a popular star.His success is not only because of his excellent singing 7 ，but also because of his talent in song 8 .Before his album was made，Hu Yanbin’s 9 company tried to invite someone else to write several songs 10 him.None of them were as good as they’d hoped.11 Hu Yanbin came into the office with a guitar on his back and played several songs.12 ，everyone in the office really liked these tunes and they decided to 13 them on his first album.Some people would 14 this rising star with Jay Chou from Taiwan，but Hu says his musical 15 is quite different from Jay Chou’s， 16 he likes Jay Chou’s music.With many music awards already in his 17 ，Hu Yanbin seems to be 18 up with many of the superstars in the country.Though some people don’t like him and say 19 things about him，he says that it does n’t 20 him.All he plans to dois focusing on his music and bringing out more and better songs for his fans.1．A.hopeB．dreamC．promiseD．wish2．A.cleverB．talentedC．determinedD．fearless3．A.came upB．came overC．came aboutD．came out4．A.realizeB．dismissC．releaseD．gain5．A.evenB．allC．stillD．yet6．A.wantedB．expectedC．madeD．helped7．A.skillsB．ideasC．meansD．methods8．A.playingB．makingC．writingD．feeling9．A.concertB．recordC．musicD．performance10．A.toB．aboutC．withD．for11．A.ButB．AndC．ThusD．Then12．A.To his surpriseB．In a wordC．To be honestD．In reality13．A.takeB．includeC．containD．seize14．A.praiseB．provideC．compareD．scold15．A.abilityB．tasteC．formD．style16．A.as thoughB．even thoughC．in caseD．now that17．A.pocketsB．mindC．sightD．heart18．A.keepingB．comingC．catchingD．doing19．A.niceB．strangeC．someD．bad20．A.botherB．mindC．careD．ruinⅠ. 1．D 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．D11．D 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．D16．B 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．A*********************************************************结束(2013·潍坊质检)A farmer once owned an old mule (骡子). One day, the mule fell into a nearby well, and he began to __21__ and made a lot of loud noise.After carefully assessing the __22__， the farmer felt sympathy for the mule, but __23__ that neither the mule nor the well was worth the trouble of saving, then he called his __24__ together and told them what had happened and __25__ them to help shovel(铲) some dirt to bury the old mule in the __26__ and put him out of his suffering.Hearing many people coming to help, the old mule initially was __27__ ...But as the farmer and his neighbors continued shoveling and the dirt hit his hack,a thought suddenly__28__ him. He was __29__ that every time a shovel load of dirtlanded on his __30__， he should shake it off and step up！So he did, blow after blow.He repeated “Shake it off and step up！” to __31__ himself. No matter how painful the blows were, or how disappointing the situation seemed, the old mule just __32__ on shaking it off and stepping up!As you might have guessed, it was not long __33__ the old mule finally stepped over the wall of the well, painful and tired. What would otherwise __34__ him, actually blessed him because of the manner in which he __35__ his adversity (逆境)．__36__ is life! As long as we face our problems and respond to them __37__，and refuse to give in to panic, bitterness, or selfpity, the adversities that come along to bury us __38__ have the potential to __39__ and bless us! Forgiveness, tolerance, hope and perseverance are __40__ in shaking it off and stepping upout of the well in which we find ourselves.语篇解读：本文讲述了一匹老骡子在逆境中不放弃并努力使自己摆脱困境的故事。

上海高考英语真题完形填空题·完全解析2002年上海高考英语真题完形填空题·完全解析Have you ever regretted doing something you shouldn't have done or something you didn't do which you should have? At one time or another we probably all have. There's no ___1___in getting depressed about it now -- it's no___2___crying over spilt (溢出的) milk. However, there may be some gain in thinking about exactly what happened and why___3___we might be able to draw some conclusions for the future.One thing we all do now and again is to lose our___4___with a friend or close relative. The odd thing is that we more often display great___5___towards someone we are fond of than towards___6___. The explanation may be that we see friends and relatives as a kind of safety net, an opportunity to___7___a bit of steam in a safe environment, while the consequences (后果) of___8___a stranger could be far more serious.Being honest is usually thought of as a virtue (美德) and undoubtedly this is the ___9___. On the other hand, we have all experienced occasions when we have spoken our minds to someone, telling them exactly what we feel, and then have found ourselves filled with feelings of___10___. Perhaps we should have kept our mouths shut?1. A. reason B. purpose C. point D. result2. A. use B. help C. value D. benefit3. A. so B. because C. but D. though4. A. mind B. memory C. manner D. temper5. A. anger B. interest C. love D. respect6. A. strangers B. friends C. relatives D. colleagues7. A. run through B. throw away C. give up D. let off8. A. inviting B. insulting C. speaking to D. believing in9. A. issue B. case C. event D. factor10. A. excitement B. happiness C. pride D. guilt1- CABDA 1-10 ADBBD题号答案考察内容解题依据解题分析1 C 词义比较固定搭配在此时或彼时我们都很可能会为自己不应该做的或为自己应该做却没有做的那些事感到懊悔。

完形填空Colleges today often operate as machines for putting too many opportunities before already advantaged people. Our educational system focuses too much on helping students take the next step. But it does not give them adequate ___1___ in thinking about the substance of the lives toward which they are advancing. Many institutions today have ___2___ that it is an essential part of education to teach the young the art of choosing, and to train them to use ___3___ to decide which efforts deserve the investment of their lives.We spent many years teaching on a college campus, trying to help students struggling with their confusion. Eventually, we sought to address this problem ___4___, by designing a course intended to introduce the young to the art of choosing. The course begins with Plato’s “Gorgias” — a messy dialogue that turns on a(n) ___5___ over whether the pursuit of virtue or of pleasure is the way to a good life. The dialogue ends ___6___; no one is satisfied. But with remarkable regularity, it ___7___ the kind of thinking that students need to better understand the choices that shape their lives.Students’ first reaction to the “Gorgias” is disbelief, sometimes even horror. It is the dialogue’s ___8___ that alarms them: the idea that we can seriously argue about what represents the human good. Everything in their education has led them to believe that such arguments cannot bear fruit.Most students are ___9___ to discover this art of choosing. Learning to reason about happiness is as delightful as discovering that one’s voice can be made to sing. Why, then, do institutions ____10____ teach it? In some cases, intelligence members are encouraged to____11____ specialized research rather than thinking about the good life. In others, they share the belief that feeling is a more ____12____ guide to happiness than the mind.Colleges should self-consciously prioritize initiating students into a culture of ____13____ reflection on how to live. Doing so will hold them ____14____ performing their proper work: helping young people learn to give reasons for the choices that shape their lives and to____15____ about the ends they pursue.1．A．assistance B．protection C．recognition D．treatment 2．A．forgotten B．promised C．repeated D．responded3．A．determination B．imagination C．memory D．reason 4．A．controversially B．effortlessly C．resistantly D．systematically 5．A．argument B．lecture C．performance D．session 6．A．automatically B．inconclusively C．indirectly D．unnecessarily 7．A．abuses B．awakens C．demonstrates D．echoes 8．A．assumption B．pattern C．progress D．variation 9．A．grateful B．quick C．reluctant D．shocked 10．A．commonly B．effectively C．rarely D．strictly 11．A．direct B．emphasize C．review D．sponsor 12．A．detailed B．formal C．qualified D．reliable 13．A．logical B．moral C．spiritual D．theoretical 14．A．eager for B．patient with C．responsible for D．skilled at 15．A．complain B．experiment C．question D．reflect“A revolutionary approach on how to connect our world without being super-weird... In the Iceland-verse, there’s... skies you can see with your eyeballs, volcanic rocks you can caress, and really big geysers (间歇泉) you can observe from a safe distance.” So ____16____ a viral advertisement designed to lure tourists to Iceland. The target of the parody (滑稽的模仿) is Mark Zuckerberg in ____17____, and Silicon Valley in general, for whom the idea of the “metaverse (元宇宙)” — a sort of 3d sequel (续集) to today’s two-dimensional internet, in which users work, play, buy and sell inside immersive virtual worlds- has become the latest Next Big Thing.Iceland’s tourist board is not the only ____18____. When, on October 28th, Mr. Zuckerberg rebranded Facebook as Meta Platforms, to signal his ____19____ to the new idea, many assumed it was a PR stunt (公关伎俩) to divert attention from the social-media giant’s scandals. Mr. Zuckerberg may well prefer to think about exciting new products than deal with the downsides of his existing ones. And exaggerated advertising is the water in which techies swim. ____20____, to stop the analysis there would be too dismissive. There are good reasons to take the metaverse seriously.One is historical: as computers have become more capable, the ____21____ that they generate have become richer. The internet began its life displaying nothing more exciting thanwhite text on a black background. Flat ____22____ were added in the 1990s. Video came to dominate in the 2010s. Therefore, a(n) ____23____ into three dimensions is a logical consequence of the steady growth in computing power.That progression is more than merely ____24____. The video-game industry has been selling virtual worlds for years. “Ever Quest”, an online game launched in 1999, had half a million subscribers ______25______. (Players quickly co-opted (选择) it for socializing, and even______26______, as well as dragon-slaying.) “World of Warcraft,” which arrived five years later, ______27______ 12 million, with many players spend their real money on virtual goods. It is hard to argue that an idea will never ______28______ when, for millions of people, it already has.Finally, mockers (嘲笑) is a(n) ______29______ guide to the future. When YouTube was launched in 2005, commentators wondered why anyone would what to watch spotty teenagers filming themselves in their bedrooms. The two decades, online dating has taken its place as a perfectly normal way to meet people. Smartphones are some of the bestselling devices ever built. In the 1990s their brick-sized predecessors were considered ridiculous status symbols for insecure investment bankers.This does not mean every Silicon Valley brainwave will automatically succeed. Nor does it mean a fully grown metaverse will arrive overnight. But it does suggest that something metaverse — ______30______ lying in the relatively near future is an idea worth taking seriously. 16．A．imagines B．runs C．launches D．concerns 17．A．essence B．existence C．particular D．doubt 18．A．participant B．subscriber C．enthusiast D．sceptic 19．A．commitment B．contribution C．integration D．exposure 20．A．Indeed B．Likewise C．However D．Otherwise 21．A．challenges B．prospects C．calculations D．experiences 22．A．images B．dialogues C．charts D．expressions 23．A．urge B．move C．motion D．proof 24．A．fundamental B．theoretical C．foreseeable D．futuristic 25．A．on its basis B．under its charge C．as its peak D．at best 26．A．competitions B．simulations C．outings D．weddings 27．A．hit B．listed C．fit D．occurred28．A．bring about B．catch on C．die out D．settle down 29．A．inaccessible B．unparalleled C．unattainable D．unreliable 30．A．fueled B．equipped C．attached D．shapedStephen Hawking remembered by his research student Stephen was not so famous when I began my PhD at Cambridge in 1972, but his brilliance was already clear to his peers. On becoming his research student, I found it rather discouraging when I was informed by one of my tutors that Stephen was the brightest person in the department. _____31_____, it soon became evident that my relationship with him would not be the usual type of supervisor-student relationship. In those days, before he had his caretakers’ group of nurses and assistants, students would necessarily have to help him in various ways_____32_____ his disability. This was not an tough task, but it did mean that my relationship with him became quite _____33_____. Indeed, I shared an office with him, lived with his family for a while and_____34_____ him as he travelled around the world, giving talks and collecting medals.I soon discovered some of Stephen’s unique _____35_____. The first, of course, was that he was very smart. Students are probably always in respect of their supervisors and with Stephen the respect was even greater. Indeed, on matters of physics, I always regarded him as an oracle(圣人), just a few words from him generating insights that would have taken weeks to_____36_____on my own. However, Stephen was only human and not all encounters led to inspiration. Once I asked a question about something that was _____37_____ me. He thought about it silently. His eyes then closed and I was even more impressed with myself because he was clearly having to think about it very deeply. Only after some time did it become clear that he had fallen asleep. Nowadays, I also sometimes fall asleep while talking to students, so I recall this incident with_____38_____.I also learned about Stephen’s stubbornness and _____39_____ to continue doing things for himself as long as possible, despite the continuous progress of his illness. For example, because he had an office in both the department of applied mathematics and theoretical physics and the Institute of Astronomy at Cambridge, I also had offices in both places. I recall that he sometimes gave me a lift (probably illegally!) between the two places in his three-wheeled invalid car. I found this rather ______40______ because I thought he drove faster than was safe. Later, he hadto discontinue the use of the car but he never lost his drive and the desire to travel as far and wide as possible. One ______41______ is he didn’t live long enough to achieve his dream of going into space.I’m often asked where Stephen stands in the pantheon(名流群) of great physicists. There are many ways of being a great physicist and they cannot be ______42______ like runners in an Olympic race. Stephen himself never ______43______ to have the status of Newton or Einstein, but I strongly disagree with people who suggest that his scientific contributions have been______44______ because of his symbolic status. His disability was clearly a factor in his becoming so famous, but I doubt any other ______45______ physicist will achieve the honor of being buried next to Isaac Newton in Westminster Abbey after his death.31．A．Otherwise B．Nevertheless C．Moreover D．Therefore 32．A．in process of B．on account of C．in possession of D．accounting for 33．A．familiar B．similar C．close D．related 34．A．accompanied B．served C．treated D．entertained 35．A．habits B．habitats C．tempers D．characteristics 36．A．work out B．pick out C．put out D．lay out 37．A．bothering B．puzzling C．disordering D．suffering 38．A．amazement B．amusement C．disappointment D．astonishment 39．A．innovation B．evolution C．determination D．imagination 40．A．fairy B．chilly C．scary D．worthy 41．A．sympathy B．dream C．doubt D．regret 42．A．leveled B．classified C．ranked D．awarded 43．A．claimed B．appealed C．fastened D．applied 44．A．outnumbered B．emphasized C．outlined D．overstated 45．A．optimistic B．potential C．positive D．contemporaryWhy do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherited need to _____46_____ uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will _____47_____ to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will hurt.In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students’ willingness to _____48_____themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one experiment, each _____49_____was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would deliver an electric shock when _____50_____. Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified; Another 27 were told only that some were electrified. _____51_____ left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would _____52_____. Consequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, such as the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of horrible insects.The drive to _____53_____ is deeply rooted in humans, much the same as the basic drives for food or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct — it can _____54_____ new scientific advances, for instance — but sometimes such ______55______ can backfire. The instinct that curiosity can drive you to do self-destructive things is a tragic one. Unhealthy curiosity is possible to ______56______, however. In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to ______57______ how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to ______58______ to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the ______59______ of following through on one’s curiosity ahead of time can help determine whether it is worth the efforts. “Thinking aboutlong-term ______60______ is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity.” Hsee says. In other words, don’t read online comments.46．A．address B．protect C．discuss D．ignore 47．A．refuse B．wait C．seek D．regret 48．A．alert B．tie C．treat D．expose 49．A．messenger B．participant C．candidate D．applicant 50．A．removed B．weakened C．clicked D．interrupted 51．A．Unless B．If C．Though D．When 52．A．happen B．continue C．disappear D．change 53．A．disagree B．forgive C．forget D．discover 54．A．begin with B．rest on C．learn from D．lead to55．A．withdrawal B．inquiry C．persistence D．diligence 56．A．resist B．define C．replace D．trace 57．A．predict B．overlook C．design D．conceal 58．A．remember B．choose C．promise D．pretend 59．A．relief B．plan C．outcome D．duty 60．A．limitations B．investments C．strategies D．consequencesWith vigorous promotion and extensive participation over the past two years, waste sorting is a new trend that has reshaped the image of campuses across Beijing.“In the past, sanitation workers sorted the garbage next to the trash cans near the dormitory, ____61____ a disgusting odor. On windy days, the trash was blown everywhere and we always____62____ around it with our hands covering our noses,” says Sun Jiajing, a sophomore at Beijing Forestry University. “Now, we are more active in classifying waste.”Since a revised guideline on household waste disposal in Beijing was ____63____ on May 1, 2020, many students have seen their campuses take on a new look that is more pleasant, tidy and appealing.At Beijing Forestry University, about one in four students are trash-sorting volunteers.In the Beijing No 20 High School, bins to recycle waste are placed on each floor and students on duty will set their wits to turning trash into ____64____.“I received training on trash classification before taking on the role as head of thetrash-sorting station. My job is to remind everyone to classify waste and recycle to the best____65____,” says Ding Shuyi, a student at the school.As China pushes ____66____ the “double reduction” education policy, which aims to ease the burden of ____67____ homework and off-campus tutoring for primary and middle school students, understanding of waste sorting has been fused into academic teaching via various innovative approaches.“Our Chinese teachers encourage students to write poetries ____68____ on waste classification, math teachers lead them to do math on topics such as water conservation, while our music teachers choreographed a ‘waste sorting’ dance with the students,” says Zuo Chunyun, principal of a primary school in the suburban Tongzhou district of the capital.Zuo adds that students in senior classes will join trash-sorting projects and map out____69____ in the form of handwritten newspapers and mind maps. Decorations made from recycled materials are exhibited in the school’s corridors.The same scene can be seen in Qianjin Primary School, Haidian district. “Garbage can be turned into _____70_____,” says Wang Liping, the principal. “We have raised 100,000 yuan ($15,760) of charity funds by encouraging students and their parents to recycle waste, and the money was used to purchase movie screens for schools in Hotan, Xinjiang.”According to Liu Jianguo, a professor at Tsinghua University, the implementation of garbage sorting depends on the _____71_____ participation and unremitting efforts of society, which is conducive to the_____72_____ of social civilization.“Wide participation of students and school staff will help promote garbage sorting to become a new fashion in society,” adds Liu.Official data shows that over 90 percent of the residents in Beijing have participated in waste classification, and about 85 percent can _____73_____ categorize the garbage. But still, relevant departments are _____74_____ to further raise the ratio.“Our next move will be more precise supervision of groups that did _____75_____ poorer jobs in sorting out garbage,” says a staffer with the Beijing Municipal Commission of Urban Management.61．A．smelling B．generating C．eliminating D．generalizing 62．A．skirted B．migrated C．flew D．hung 63．A．proposed B．celebrated C．implemented D．issued 64．A．action B．cash C．garbage D．waste 65．A．extent B．element C．extension D．initiative 66．A．forward B．around C．roughly D．blindly 67．A．decisive B．excessive C．inclusive D．academic 68．A．scheduled B．integrated C．proposed D．themed 69．A．instructions B．distributions C．solutions D．anticipations 70．A．sources B．supplies C．demands D．resources 71．A．intensive B．aggressive C．successive D．extensive 72．A．promotion B．intervention C．addition D．communication73．A．accurately B．narrowly C．broadly D．scarcely 74．A．participating B．supervising C．striving D．negotiating 75．A．fantastically B．relatively C．deliberately D．denselyIt is early days for the idea that toys shaped humanity, but Felix Riede, at Aarhus University in Denmark, and his colleagues recently published a paper outlining some interesting case studies. ___76___, examining the records of communities living in Greenland from around 4500 years ago, they found that the early colonisers ___77___ toys and also showed little innovation in their material culture, but the Thule, who migrated into Greenland around 800 years ago, had many tiny objects that appear to have been designed specifically for child’s ___78___, including toy weapons and dolls. Their appearance seemed to coincide with an explosion of new adult technologies, such as advanced designs for boats and elaborate clothes. The records aren’t___79___ enough to determine which emerged first, the toys or the advanced technology, but Riede thinks the two may have grown together, with the richer material culture inspiring new play objects, which ___80___ equipped the young minds for further innovation.The team also points to sites in Western Cape, South Africa, dating back 60,000 to 80,000 years ago. Analyses of rocks show that children were imitating the adults’ stone striking, producing ___81___ useless copies of real tools. This “play-copying” again seems to coincide with new technologies, including the first arrowheads, suggesting that the childhood games might have ___82___ greater cultural innovation.It is the invention of the wheel, however, that offers the most persuasive ___83___ for Riede’s idea. The oldest evidence of wheeled vehicles suggests that the technology ___84___ around 5500 years ago, across western Eurasia – in the northern Caucasus, Mesopotamia and central and northern Europe. But some two centuries beforehand, we ___85___ small models of animals with holes drilled through their feet for an axle (车轴), and ceramic (陶瓷) discs that served as wheels. But given their ___86___ and the fact that small animals are playthings in many modern cultures, Riede believes that they were toys. “You could easily call them quite cute,” he says.If so, like any kid with a train set today, children playing with those toys would have been exploring the ___87___ of spinning motion. They might have used their toys to carry variousobjects, and practised different ways of driving them – from the front or the back, or letting them roll down a slope. They might even have ___88___ wheels of different sizes, or made from different materials to see different results. As the children grew up, those same ___89___ would have helped them make the cognitive leap necessary to imagine a wagon, but a society that lacked those toys would have ___90___ to think of a workable design.76．A．What’s more B．In other words C．For instance D．As a matter of fact 77．A．designed B．understood C．deserted D．lacked 78．A．learning B．play C．care D．health 79．A．up-to-date B．related C．equivalent D．accurate 80．A．on average B．in turn C．in theory D．on demand 81．A．equally B．economically C．functionally D．socially 82．A．inspired B．normalized C．resisted D．applied 83．A．proposal B．support C．victory D．model 84．A．exploded B．decreased C．emerged D．matured 85．A．imagine B．make C．present D．see 86．A．time B．size C．shape D．use 87．A．mechanics B．studies C．periods D．contents 88．A．depended upon B．distinguished between C．experimented withD．searched for89．A．playmates B．motions C．materials D．skills 90．A．struggled B．preferred C．wanted D．prepared参考答案：1．A2．A3．D4．D5．A6．B7．B8．A9．A10．C11．B12．D13．A14．C15．D【导语】本文为一篇说明文。

2013高考英语上海市一模（完形填空）强化训练（1）及答案When I was a teenager，probably about 13，my mother taught me a very valuable lesson I’ve never forgotten.We were shopping in a small grocery store one day 1 I noticed a family come in.It looked like a mother，her daughter，and her granddaughter.They were clean but dressed in 2 clothes.They 3 a cart through the store，carefully 4 items，and all necessary foods.My mother and I finished our shopping and 5 toward the clerk to pay.As we got there，the family was 6 us，with one person in between.As I watched the family place groceries on the conveyor belt，I heard the mother ask the clerk 7 so often to subtotal(合计)，as she only had so much to 8 .This took a while，and the personin front of me was getting noticeably 9 .When the store clerk did a final 10 ，the woman did not have enough money，so she began pointing to different food items to 11 .My mother reached in her purse，pulled out a twenty dollar bill and handedit to the woman.The woman looked very 12 and said，“I can’t take that！” My mother looked 13 at the woman and quietly replied，“Yes，you most certainly can.14 it a gift.There’s nothing in that cart you don’t really need.” The woman then15 and took the money，squeezing my mom’s ha nd for just a moment with tears running down her cheeks.I know I left the store with tears in my eyes，and it is something I will 16 forever.You see，my parents 17 six children and didn’t have a whole lot of money themselves，although I can never remember 18 anything.I’m very happy to say that I inherited her 19 heart.I have given selflessly before，and there is not a 20 feeling in the whole world!1．A.as B．because C．when D．although 2．A.fashionable B．worn C．newD．patched3．A.pulled B．took C．pushed D．brought4．A.buying B．selling C．examiningD．selecting5．A.headed B．rushed C．ran D．shouted6．A.behind B．in front of C．at the side ofD．below7．A.both B．none C．each D．all8．A.cost B．waste C．buy D．spend9．A.angry B．puzzled C．impatientD．impolite10．A.total B．money C．amount D．number11．A.put aside B．put back C．take in D．take down12．A.excited B．disappointed C．surprisedD．puzzled13．A.directly B．closely C．anxiouslyD．eagerly14．A.Look B．Consider C．Forget D．Mention15．A.reached out B．handed out C．checked out D．lookedout16．A.remind B．value C．focus D．congratulate17．A.raised B．supported C．taughtD．brought18．A.looking for B．wanting for C．asking forD．needing for19．A.pleasing B．worrying C．caringD．astonishing20．A.worst B．worse C．better D．bestⅠ. 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．C 10．A11．B 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．A16．B 17．A 18．B 19．C 20．C*******************************************************结束（长宁）People rarely feel as helpless as they do when attacked by the threat of severestorms. There is nothing that can prevent a hurricane (飓风) or tornado from causing destruction if it reaches a 41 area. History offers numerous examples of stormsthat have destroyed large numbers of homes and killed many people. But today thingsare not as 42 as they were in the past. By studying the conditions that cause storms, weather forecasters are better able to predict them and give people in their paths the warning needed in 43 to keep away from tragedy.A storm is 44 as a sudden, extreme change in the normal conditions of Earth’s atmosphere. Examples include a large flood of moisture (湿气) or a sharp increase in wind speed. These types of 45 are generally caused by a dramatic change in air pressure. In fact, air pressure often affects weather more than any other factors.Hurricanes are somewhat 46 to tornadoes because both produce atmospheric vortices. Vortices are cone-shaped depression (低气压) of high-speed winds that can cause a large lot of 47 if they touch the ground. When a storm 48 shore, it brings not only fierce winds but also large amounts of ocean water. Storms require moisture to exist, so they quickly 49 over land. As the storm dies, it creates large thunderclouds that can cause heavy rain, thunder, lightning, and flooding. Tornadoes can also form from the breakup of storms and are often one of their most dangerous consequences.41~45 IHAFJ 46~49 BCGD**************************************************结束（02）（闸北）The popularity of the fantasy novels Harry Potter and the great success of the Potter movie series have aroused Potter fans' craze about the author —Joanne Kathleen Rowling.Rowling started writing after graduating with __41__ . Nonetheless, this was not supposed to be her main job, as she was already working as a secretary. She found her job rather boring and was frequently absent-minded, as she was always taking notes for sudden ideas for future stories. She was fired __42__ and went from one job toanother.Finally, a trip by train __43__ her to produce a story about a young wizard (巫师）born with responsibilities to fight 44 forces. Unfortunately, her idea could not be developed due to her mother's sudden death. Shocked and depressed, Rowling left Britain. When she returned, she was already a __45__ single mother with a little daughter. in spite of all the frustrations in life, she managed to put her __46__ story to the point. Harry Potter was published and became a(n) __47__ in no time. The Potter books have __48__ worldwide applause, won multiple awards, and have been the basis for a popular series of films, in which Rowling had overall approval on the scripts (脚本）and maintained creative control at the same time by __49__ As a producer in the films. It is through Harry Potter that Rowling has led a "rags to riches" reality show, where she progressed from living on social security to multi-millionaire status.41〜45 IAJFB 46〜49 DEHC**************************************************结束（杨浦）The most difficult part of a Western-Chinese marriage is the cultural differences. The traditional Chinese culture is established on the Confucian philosophy, while the western culture is based on ancient Greek __41__. Cultural differences exist in almost every aspect and therefore __42__ also on relationships and marriage.From the traditional Chinese point of view, marriage is a relationship __43__ many aspects such as family, friends and relatives, while from the Western point ofview, marriage is a contract signed between two people that is based on trust and love. Furthermore, Westerners’ marriages __44__ more the independence and __45__ of the couple.That is why Westerners sometimes cannot understand why we Chinese need to support our relatives if we are asked to do so. Chinese need to maintain their “face” and “relations”. Even in a relationship, we are somehow still __46__ to our family and relatives. Our partner has to understand it and at least does not __47__ it.It is not easy to maintain Chinese-Western relationship. Cultural differences may result in __48__. Young Asian ladies are fond of western men because they believe they are more gentlemanly and in addition their appearances are more attractive. Western men may think Chinese ladies are gentler and more feminine.My suggestion for the cross-culture relationship is always trying to put yourself in other’s shoes: accepting rather than changing; always respecting your partner but clarifying your own red lines; showing your interest in his/her different culture and carefully commenting on it and so on.There are more and more cross-culture marriages __49__ recently. I would like to take this chance to sincerely wish them the very best in their love journeys.41~45 ICJAE 46~49 FHBG********************************************************结束（徐汇）The Man Booker Prize for Fiction is awarded every year for a novel written by a writer from the Commonwealth or the Republic of Ireland and it aims to ___(41)___ the very best in contemporary fiction. The prize was ___(42)___ called theBooker-McConnell Prize, which was the name of the company that ___(43)___ it, though it was better-known as simply the ‘Booker Prize’. In 2002, the Man Group became the sponsor and they chose the new name, keeping ‘Booker’.Publishers can submit（提交）books for ___(44)___ for the prize, but the judges can also ask for books to be submitted they think should be ___(45)___. Firstly, the Advisory Committee give advice if there have been any changes to the rules for the prize and selects the people who will judge the books. The judging panel（评审团）changes every year and usually a person is only a judge once.Great efforts are made to ensure that the judging panel is ___(46)___ in terms of gender and professions within the industry, so that a writer, a critic, an editor and an academic are chosen along with a well-known person from wider society. However, when the panel of judges has been ___(47)___, they are left to make their own decisions without any further ___(48)___ orinterference from the prize sponsor.The Man Booker judges include critics, writers and academics to maintainthe consistent（始终如一的）quality of the prize and its influence is such that the winner will almost certainly see the sales ___(49)___ considerably, in addition to the £50,000 that comes with the prize.41. H 42. B 43. E 44. A 45. J 46. G 47. D 48.C 49. F************************************************************结束。

完形填空Intentions matterWhen my daughter was very young, she broke my favorite cup. She was moving it aside, and it slipped from her hand and broke on the floor. I loved that cup and was really disappointed, but __1__ I didn’t punish her. It was an accident. She didn’t __2__ to drop it. Intentions matter. Or do they?I can’t help but feel that our modern world does not __3__ intentions. We are all so ready to find fault with another person and so concerned with our own responses that we don’t consider the __4__ of others.There are __5__ opportunities to be upset these days in the celebrity news cycle, in politics and in our own interpersonal interactions. Every single day, someone is torn apart on social media for something they have said or done.A friend of mine says, “It’s not how the message is intended; it’s how it’s received.” He means that we need to be __6__ when choosing our words because they can easily be __7__ by the person we are addressing.We all at times express ourselves poorly, make errors of judgment or have a moment of__8__ where we say the wrong thing. All of us have offended someone at some point in our lives.The internet is full of people seeking to make things worse. __9__ there are also many decent people who __10__ get things wrong or simply do not know better.I get that there is much to be angry about. The world is full of injustice. The actions and words of other people can cause harm; __11__, the actions and words of other people matter.But intention has to matter too, for us to make sense of the world, and for us to effect change. __12__ intentions can help us to feel better about our fellow humans. When we appreciate intent, it can help to lessen the impact of their message.On a more practical level, understanding intention can help us respond to people with __13__ instead of anger. People who wish to do the right thing are often willing to listen. When we scream at people in anger, we __14__ communication and make them less open to change. Remember, humans are __15__ as divided as social media suggests.Did the person throw the cup, or did it slip from their hands? Now, more than ever, I think theanswer matters.1．A．of course B．after all C．above all D．for example 2．A．choose B．happen C．mean D．expect 3．A．learn from B．object to C．come across D．care for 4．A．business B．intentions C．emotions D．relationships 5．A．endless B．unique C．golden D．ideal 6．A．hopeful B．careful C．cheerful D．helpful 7．A．misinterpreted B．reported C．explained D．commented 8．A．weakness B．madness C．carelessness D．hopelessness 9．A．So B．But C．Or D．And 10．A．purposefully B．generally C．hardly D．occasionally 11．A．however B．besides C．therefore D．although 12．A．Expressing B．Understanding C．Indicating D．Returning 13．A．sadness B．kindness C．happiness D．illness 14．A．make use of B．look forward to C．talk about D．shut down 15．A．rarely B．specially C．suddenly D．simplyThe news that Derby has approved what promises to be Britain’s largest urban rewilding project so far is very welcome. The 320-hectare Allestree Park will, subject to detailed consultation, be given over to a range of habitats and perhaps even see the reintroduction of species such as dormice and red kites.Urban rewilding - which is not the same as urban green space, however extensive - can take many forms. They ____16____ from aiming to slow down the rate of species loss by ____17____ swift (雨燕) and sparrow boxes to new apartment constructions (there are now 247m fewer house sparrows than there were in 1980) to designating areas the size of Allestree Park.But in fact, some of the most successful projects have been ____18____. Canvey Wick, a disused area of the Thames estuary, returned to a “self-wilded rainforest” that is now home to nearly 2,000 invertebrate (无脊椎的) species, including at least three ____19____ thought to be extinct. Rivers ____20____ natural wildlife corridors, working their way through cities, then linking them to countryside. The Guardian columnist George Monbiot gives the example of theRiver Wandle, which in the 19th century supported up to 90 factories, and was described as “the hardest worked river for its size in the world.” Now it teems with (充满着) wildlife, and the local authorities have considered ____21____ beavers (海狸).Urban rewilding, ____22____, won’t make a massive difference to global heating, with only 6% or so of Britain is actually built on it. But giving nature freer rein (控制) in parts of towns and cities could help to mitigate (缓解) flooding, and to slow species loss. Importantly, about 83% of us live on the portion of the UK’s land that is classed as urbanised, and access to nature has also been shown to improve psychological well-being. One recent Canadian study found that adding just 10 trees to a city block had a big effect on people’s ____23____ of their health; research is beginning to find that increasing biodiversity can heighten that impact. And on a more general scale, those who ____24____ wildness are more likely to fight for it.The pressure for development means that there will always be tension with _____25_____ interests: the Swans-combe Peninsula in Kent, another self-wilded area that is home to 1,992 species of invertebrates, including 250 of conservation concern, is now _____26_____ for the London Resort, including a theme park expected to destroy 76 hectares of priority habitat which forms a vital part of the ecological network. This loss would be _____27_____ losing 140 football pitches (球场) _____28_____ of nationally important habitat.In these mid-pandemic, post-Brexit, austerity-bitten (财政紧缩的) times, the financial arguments can be hardest to _____29_____ for councils short of cash, but the evidence that “we need nature as much as it needs us”, in the words of Jo Smith of the Derbyshire Wildlife Trust, is surely _____30_____. With a bit of imagination, flexibility and commitment, many more urban areas could follow Derby’s example.16．A．differ B．originate C．range D．develop 17．A．transporting B．attaching C．leading D．transforming 18．A．mature B．established C．reputational D．accidental 19．A．specifically B．fundamentally C．previously D．primarily 20．A．bring about B．serve as C．contribute to D．rely on 21．A．breeding B．launching C．introducing D．favoring 22．A．by contrast B．for instance C．in itself D．in the meanwhile 23．A．appreciations B．perceptions C．insights D．recovery24．A．encounter B．sustain C．create D．promote 25．A．recreational B．political C．industrial D．commercial 26．A．qualified B．maintained C．reserved D．cultivated 27．A．linked to B．inseparable from C．dismissed as D．equivalent to 28．A．value B．profit C．benefit D．worth 29．A．approve B．counter C．settle D．consider 30．A．fundamental B．essential C．overwhelming D．obviousPeople who listen to indie bands are miserable shaggy-haired layabouts(懒惰的人)while fans of rap music are brave and full of self-confidence.____31____ mere narrow-minded opinions, these are the results of an extensive psychological survey of more than 36,000 music lovers, which confirms, once and for all, that our musical tastes really do____32____ our personality. But the study’s most remarkable discovery is that lovers of classical music share a high number of personality traits (特征) with those who prefer rocking out to a heavy metal.The research asked people worldwide to describe their personality and then to list their favourite styles of music. The results show a distinct ____33____ between people’s personality traits and the style of music they enjoy.Fans of indie music, for instance, were found to have low self-respect and little____34____ but described themselves as creative. Rap enthusiasts, ____35____, tend to feel good about themselves and are extremely outgoing. Those who love dance music are____36____ outgoing but are more likely to be unfriendly and slightly self-centred.Professor Adrian North, who led the study, suggested that the results explain why so many people bond over music and also why some of us are very____37____ about the music we listen to, since it is likely to be closely linked to the person we are.According to Professor North, both heavy metal and classical fans are____38____ by a shared “love of the grandiose”, which means that a Metallica fan is far more likely to listen to Mahler than an indie kid is to give reggae a try.“Aside from their age difference, they’re____39____ the same kind of person,” he said. “Lots of heavy metal fans will tell you that they also_____40_____ Wagner, because it’s big andloud. There’s also a sense of theatre in both heavy rock and classical music, and I_____41_____ that this is what they’re really looking to experience when they listen.”John Gregson, 23, a classically-trained musician with a passion for heavy metal,_____42_____. “As an instrumentalist, out of all of the main styles of music, heavy metal and classical are the ones which require the most_____43_____ to play---they’re technically very difficult and involve playing at inhumanly fast speeds,” he said. “You feel like you’re in on a secret---you_____44_____ it personally. It also feels like you know something that other people don’t because you_____45_____ a style of music which is often underestimated.”31．A．Regardless of B．Rather than C．As for D．Apart from 32．A．affect B．reflect C．limit D．conceal 33．A．evolution B．contrast C．improvement D．relationship 34．A．misery B．prejudice C．motivation D．ignorance 35．A．in response B．in addition C．on the other hand D．to sum up 36．A．equally B．individually C．scarcely D．occasionally 37．A．protective B．worried C．curious D．angry 38．A．annoyed B．blinded C．united D．overtaken 39．A．questionably B．basically C．respectively D．originally 40．A．hate B．meet C．miss D．like 41．A．remember B．predict C．forget D．suspect 42．A．agrees B．doubts C．persists D．regrets 43．A．creativity B．sympathy C．discipline D．assistance 44．A．identify with B．choose from C．wait for D．gaze at 45．A．create B．appreciate C．discover D．collectAccording to a survey conducted by for the China Youth Daily, 71.0 percent of the 1,538 people polled said they watched short videos on a____46____basis. 61.8 percent believed that long-term viewing of short videos could interfere with their normal social interactions; and 65.2 percent suggested that video platforms step up in issuingregular____47____so that users could take a break.This appeal for external aids to help____48____ the addictive habit hints at the crushing holdshort videos have on the shiftless majority— many of them are not utterly ____49____self-control in other circumstances.Another recent survey of juveniles found 65.6 percent of them have watched short videos, and 20 percent of them just couldn’t stop watching.For as you click on those seemingly____50____videos, your life will be thrown into a mindless spiral (螺旋)as we eagerly move from one piece to the next, each lasting 20 to 30 seconds, and are shocked, amused, and outraged in rapid____51____.You never have a chance to get____52____, for you are always curious about what the next piece would be like,____53____more. All that is needed is a slight twitching (抽动) of one of your fingers.Respondents do believe some videos could be useful by teaching you how to cook，how to apply make-up, practice wellness, or buy things. There was even an alleged (声称但未经证实的) telecom fraudster publicizing his____54____and daring the police to catch him in Dubai, according to him.It is shocking to realize that a published video itself would have ____55____ acquired a degree of authenticity and enough to prevent all intentions and the need for checking,even____56____ such basic facts as authorship.So it is natural that 36.7 percent of the respondents in the survey cited the issue of false and misleading content in short videos as an issue, and relevant authorities should have stepped in long ago to____57____it.Yes, juvenile-only modes have been____58____for some time, but it is so easy for children to avoid this.____59____ , there is an equal need for a mechanism to prevent adults from becoming addicted, notably by limiting the lime they are allowed to view the videos. Thus, when37.0 percent of the respondents said that, as far as viewing habits are concerned, parents should bea role model to prevent the imitation of juveniles. Maybe all parents should____60____their mobile phones for a moment of self-reflection.46．A．regular B．personal C．social D．satisfied 47．A．signals B．innovation C．alerts D．clues 48．A．kick B．develop C．foster D．deprive49．A．with B．under C．through D．without 50．A．attractive B．unharmful C．meaningful D．popular 51．A．speed B．succession C．transition D．movement 52．A．thrilled B．horrified C．bored D．delighted 53．A．expecting B．growing C．addicting D．foreseeing 54．A．competence B．identification C．enthusiasm D．willingness 55．A．automatically B．consciously C．insanely D．likely 56．A．ignoring B．predicting C．meditating D．regarding 57．A．represent B．address C．interfere D．stress 58．A．on schedule B．out of order C．in place D．in need 59．A．In fact B．For example C．Therefore D．Instead 60．A．focus on B．live without C．give way to D．put asideAt the Noori Convenience Store LaShanda Calloway, a 27-year-old man, was lying unconscious on the floor, badly wounded and in desperate need of help, and yet the five people present in the store walked past him and carried on with their shopping. The truth of the matter was that this type of occurrence wasn’t____61____, and the shoppers’ motivations weren’t that difficult to understand.We all like to think that we can____62____when the situation requires it, our moral codes prompting us to react in a proper and acceptable way. However, what really happens when we’re ____63____is something quite different. The vast majority of people do nothing: something is holding them back. The LaShanda Calloway case is a classic example of this: it’s what social psychologists call ‘the bystander effect’.Studies have shown that the bystander effect is caused by several different____64____made by people at the scene of an emergency or other distressing event. Firstly, having other people around is one of the main causes of____65____. The reason for this is people tend to assume that someone else is either already helping or____66____to offer aid.We also____67____situations through ‘social proof’ or the information we gather from others. If other people are not____68____, perhaps there is no emergency or wrongdoing. We don’t want to make an embarrassing mistake, so we____69____and do nothing. This results in‘pluralistic ignorance’(人众无知) where everyone assumes that others have more knowledge, and people yield to what they perceive as the majority opinion.____70____of personal risk also plays a part. If someone is attacked or in deep trouble and you intervene, there is a risk of you becoming a new target for the aggressor or____71____the friction.So how do people manage to reverse the trend and intervene? What stimulates them into action? And what causes other people to bury their heads in the sand?Studies have shown that active bystanders have generally had a more tolerant and empathetic upbringing, which stimulates greater____72____for the welfare of others. For these people, turning a blind eye isn’t an option; they feel compelled to step in and get involved.That said, the bystander effect tends to____73____every aspect of our lives, from everyday scenarios like seeing bullying to our attitude to bigger challenges such as global warming. Perhaps the first step is____74____that we are all bystanders. Being aware of the causes could help us overcome them. Ultimately, it’s in our power to make a difference, from changing people’s attitudes to saving someone’s dignity- or maybe, as in the case of LaShanda Calloway, even saving someone’s____75____.61．A．remarkable B．chaotic C．consistent D．respective 62．A．queue up B．step in C．stream by D．take notice 63．A．brought into effect B．held accountable C．shown pity onD．put to the test64．A．causes B．interventions C．assumptions D．motives 65．A．integrity B．inaction C．persistence D．resignation 66．A．less eager B．more suspicious C．more qualified D．less rigid 67．A．breath life into B．keep pace with C．attach importance to D．make sense of 68．A．insisting B．responding C．evolving D．submitting 69．A．cling to traditions B．bear fruit C．go with the flowD．reverse the trend70．A．Component B．Restriction C．Clarification D．Fear 71．A．escalating B．eliminating C．facilitating D．tackling 72．A．appeal B．fascination C．concern D．perspective73．A．integrate B．influence C．orient D．compensate 74．A．imposing B．dismissing C．ignoring D．recognizing 75．A．trouble B．face C．life D．moneyTricky PicturesWith bold, swirling brushstrokes and vivid colors, Vincent van Gogh’s stirring Starry Night brings to life a unique sky. It’s one of the most famous paintings in the world. And ____76____ the scenic canvas (画布) can make museum visitors feel…starstruck.But seeing the masterpiece framed on a gallery wall isn’t the only way that art fans can experience its emotional impact. In fact, some exhibits give people a chance to be ____77____ by van Gogh’s celebrated scene. They find themselves surrounded by colors that dance before their eyes and ripple at their feet. These exhibitions, in which moving images are ____78____ projected onto walls, columns, floors, and sometimes onto viewers themselves, are examples of immersive art.Immersive art doesn’t ____79____ a pedestal (基座) or hang on a wall next to a plaque (匾) printed with facts. And don’t expect it to fit in a frame or ____80____ familiar expectations. While immersive art can be hard to characterize, it is generally a multisensory, ____81____ experience that engages viewers and makes them feel like part of the artwork. One thing is certain — immersive art is ____82____ popular, selling out tickets in cities around the world.Van Gogh sold just one painting during his lifetime and only gained ____83____ after his death, but now he is immersive art’s biggest superstar. The 19th-century painter’s work has been displayed in a lot of exhibitions ____84____ immense images furnished with animation and accompanied by music, voices, and background sound.Another interactive hot spot with a DIY vibe is The House of Eternal Return in Santa Fe, New Mexico. The venue (场所) is ____85____ to over 70 rooms of surreal art. It’s run by the artistic cooperative Meow Wolf, which describes the project as a “multidimensional mystery house with secret passages and ____86____ to magical worlds.” ____87____, what looks like a perfectly normal refrigerator door is the gateway to a hidden tunnel…and an unusual artistic adventure.The growing awareness of immersive art is partly ____88____ by social media. As visitors post selfies filled with van Gogh’s intense palette or videos of friends stepping into a fantasticalfridge, these experiences draw bigger and bigger crowds. Meanwhile, traditional artists are beginning to follow the trend, ____89____ immersive techniques and technologies in their works. That’s because many curators and creators share a ____90____ goal — to help more people get into art!76．A．listening to B．gazing at C．scanning through D．hearing about 77．A．enveloped B．marveled C．absorbed D．pursued 78．A．electrically B．digitally C．practically D．completely 79．A．rest on B．frame on C．depend on D．fix on 80．A．stand out B．figure out C．stick to D．distinguish with 81．A．energetic B．prosperous C．harmonious D．interactive 82．A．unexpectedly B．suspiciously C．partially D．undoubtedly 83．A．recognition B．wonder C．wealth D．definition 84．A．causing B．featuring C．characterizing D．advocating 85．A．home B．branch C．location D．trend 86．A．limits B．solutions C．links D．talents 87．A．In fact B．Therefore C．Furthermore D．For instance 88．A．powered B．published C．permitted D．pointed 89．A．employing B．recognizing C．occupying D．contributing 90．A．common B．commercial C．courageous D．Confidential参考答案：1．A2．C3．D4．B5．A6．B7．A8．C9．B10．D11．C12．B13．B14．D15．A【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了作者的女儿不小心打碎作者心爱的杯子，但是作者并没有因此惩罚她。

完形填空It was a classic night. The noisy Mexico City____1____ calmed down. The main stadium of Olympic track and field competition was enveloped (笼罩) in the____2____．After he finished taking photos of the marathon winners____3____the victory, Greenspan, a world-famous news producer, found the stadium____4____. He was about to____5____ when he suddenly saw a man with his right leg spotted with the blood ran into the stadium. This man ran lamely(跛脚地)out of breath, but he didn’t stop. After he ran along the track for a____6____ and got to the finish line, he____7____ on the ground.Greenspan guessed this was a marathon athlete. Out of ____8____, he went over and ask why the athlete managed to run to the finish line with such____9____.The young man, called Kowari from Tanzania, replied in a____10____voice, “That my country sent me here from over 20,000 kilometers is not to let me get off the track in the competition, but to make me____11____the game. Though I’ve ____12____all other runners, I have a sacred(神圣的)goal like them. The audience won’t ____13____ me, but my motherland is watching me from behind....” Tears welled up in Greenspan’s eyes. Soon, he spread themost____14____scene in the history of the Olympic Games to every corner of the world. Life should have a dream of reaching the peak. It is not whether we can reach the top but whether we’ve made the greatest____15____that counts. To reach the goal in the mind is also a success. 1．A．gradually B．officially C．actually D．extremely 2．A．sunlight B．darkness C．flash D．view 3．A．admiring B．exploring C．designing D．celebrating 4．A．busy B．different C．empty D．noisy 5．A．work B．leave C．quit D．report 6．A．mile B．minute C．circle D．second 7．A．lay B．focused C．jumped D．jogged 8．A．sight B．curiosity C．control D．pity 9．A．difficulty B．feeling C．adventure D．impression 10．A．proud B．excited C．mad D．gentle 11．A．complete B．improve C．appreciate D．challenge12．A．competed with B．fallen behind C．left behind D．started with 13．A．attract B．annoy C．cheer D．influence 14．A．frightening B．exciting C．touching D．confusing 15．A．achievements B．change C．progress D．effortsMy mother used to ask me, “What is the most important part of the body?” Through the years I would____16____the correct answer. When I was younger, I thought____17____was very important to us as humans, so I said, “My ears, Mummy.” She said, “No. Many peopleare____18____. But you keep thinking about it and I will ask you again soon.”Several years passed before she asked me again. Since making my first____19____. I had often thought over the question. So this time I told her, Mummy, it must be our eyes.“ She looked at me and said, ”You are ____20____fast. but the answer is not correct because there are many people who are blind.“____21____the years, mother asked me a couple more____22____and always her response to my answers was, ”No. but you are getting____23____every year, my child.“ Then last year, my Grandpa____24____. Everybody was heartbroken. Everybody was crying. My mother looked at me when it was our____25____to say our final good-bye to Grandpa. She asked me, ”Do you know the most important body part yet, my dear?“I was____26____when she was asking me this now. I always thought this wasa____27____between her and me. She saw the____28____on my face and told me, ”This question is very important. It shows that you have really____29____your life.“ I saw her eyes well up with tears. She said, ”My dear, the most important body part is your____30____.“ I asked, ”Is it because they hold up your head?“ She replied, ”No, it is____31____on them a crying friend or loved one can rest their head. I only hope that you have enough____32____and friends that you will have a shoulder to cry____33____when you need it.“ Then and there I understood the most important body part is not a____34____one. It is sympathetic(同情的) to the pain of____35____.16．A．notice B．believe in C．doubt D．guess at 17．A．love B．health C．sound D．sight 18．A．blind B．deaf C．invisible D．thoughtful19．A．discovery B．decision C．attempt D．suggestion 20．A．learning B．thinking C．growing D．changing 21．A．Before B．Till C．Beyond D．Over 22．A．ways B．things C．questions D．times 23．A．stronger B．taller C．smarter D．nicer 24．A．left B．got ill C．died D．got wounded 25．A．duty B．turn C．pity D．chance 26．A．shocked B．satisfied C．interested D．excited 27．A．game B．test C．match D．secret 28．A．worry B．puzzlement C．regret D．pain 29．A．enjoyed B．found C．disliked D．lived 30．A．shoulders B．feet C．hands D．hair 31．A．how B．because C．why D．whether 32．A．respect B．favour C．love D．fun33．A．by B．on C．above D．for 34．A．valuable B．useful C．selfish D．precious 35．A．others B．the deaf C．Grandpa D．the blindLast summer, my fiance Eugeniu and I decided to drive to Provence for a holiday. The weather was beautiful, but then, about 700km into the journey, it suddenly ___36___. I’d never seen the sky go so dark; the rain was heavy. We ___37___ a tunnel and when we came out onto a ___38___, the visibility was so bad that we could hardly see a meter in front of us.___39___, we had the odd sensation that the car was lifting at the front. The next second, we were ___40___ into nothing. On the way down, Icould hear rock pieces hitting the car and my heart pounding to my chest. After that, there was ___41___Our car ended up landing on a road below the bridge. We were still ___42___, but I was in shock. I hadn’t ___43___ what was happening and was still thinking about my holiday. I had no idea the bridge had ___44___ — thought it might have been an earthquake.At first we shouted, but then stopped because we didn’t want to lose ____45____ and pass out. We tried calling an ambulance, but there was no ____46____ under the rock pieces. My legwas bleeding and I was too tense — because of the ____47____ I didn’t feel pain. My fiancé had broken his neck. Rescue workers eventually found us while saving a man whose van was____48____ from another section of the bridge above us. We’d been down there for four hours by the time we were pulled out.It was only afterwards in the hospital that I realized the ____49____ of the tragedy — 43 people had died. Before, we had focused on earning money. When we went on this holiday, I had lovely clothes and shoes in my suitcase, and they were all buried under the ruin. Maybe that was a sign that these things don’t really ____50____.36．A．cleared B．switched C．warmed D．worsened 37．A．crawled in B．went through C．looked for D．emerged from 38．A．road B．stage C．beach D．bridge39．A．At any price B．From side to side C．Back and forth D．Out of nowhere 40．A．falling B．running C．turning D．disappearing 41．A．surprise B．relief C．silence D．luck 42．A．conscious B．excited C．curious D．panicked 43．A．felt B．noticed C．processed D．expected 44．A．landed B．reopened C．collapsed D．disappeared 45．A．face B．confidence C．weight D．strength 46．A．signal B．assistance C．feeling D．demand 47．A．medication B．rescue C．stress D．hunger 48．A．missing B．hanging C．escaping D．calling 49．A．scale B．urgency C．origin D．process 50．A．differ B．function C．hurt D．matterThere are too many fat people in America, so many Americans are fighting against overweight. But the ____51____ thing is that the French, who consume rich food, tend to stay thin. Now a ____52____ by Cornell University points out ____53____ lifestyle and decisions about____54____ may affect weight. Researchers concluded that the French tend to stop eating when they feel ____55____. However, Americans tend to stop when their ____56____ are empty or their favorite TV show is over.According to Dr. Joseph Mercola, a health expert, the French see eating ____57____ an important part of their lifestyle. They enjoy food and therefore spend a very ____58____ time at the table, while Americans see eating as anything to be squeezed in between the other daily activities. Mercola believes Americans ____59____ the ability to sense when they are actually full. So they keep eating long after the French would have stopped. In addition, he points out that Americans drive to huge supermarkets to buy canned and _____60_____ foods for the week. The French, _____61_____, tend to shop daily, walking to small shops and farmers’ markets where they have a choice of fresh fruit, vegetables rich in fiber, and eggs as well as high-quality meat for each meal.After a visit to the United States, Mireille Guiliano, author of French Women Don’t Get Fat, decided to _____62_____ about the importance of knowing when to stop rather than suggesting how to avoid _____63_____. Today she continues to stay slim and rarely goes to the gym.In spite of all these differences, evidence shows that recent lifestyle _____64_____ may be affecting French eating habits. Today the rate of obesity(肥胖)—or extreme overweight—among adults is only 6%. However, as American fast food gains _____65_____ and the young reject older traditions, the obesity rate among French children has reached 17%—and is growing. 51．A．formal B．strange C．natural D．modern 52．A．novel B．study C．strategy D．newspaper 53．A．that B．what C．where D．when 54．A．working B．living C．eating D．studying 55．A．sensitive B．full C．happy D．annoyed 56．A．pockets B．refrigerators C．houses D．plates57．A．as B．into C．inside D．to58．A．long B．short C．exciting D．fast 59．A．bring B．lose C．get D．receive 60．A．frozen B．cool C．warm D．hot 61．A．therefore B．instead C．meanwhile D．consequently 62．A．write B．read C．speak D．think63．A．fruit B．oil C．food D．egg 64．A．examples B．changes C．designs D．stories65．A．failure B．success C．confidence D．acceptanceI was walking in a park on a cool autumn morning. The view was charming, and a pleasant breeze(微风) was kissing my face ___66___.Then I saw a mother and her little baby. The mother wore ___67___ clothes that seemed to be found in a dustbin—How easy it is for fortunate people to ___68___ away things they don’t need, and they do this ___69___ thinking of the unfortunate! She was holding her baby, protecting her from the morning ___70___ and expecting some money from strangers so that she could___71___ food for both of them. It was then that I realized how ___72___ I had been in my whole life for living a rich life.Then a man ___73___ some money and food to the mother, and as she took them, her face was ___74___ as if she had been the happiest person in the world. And why not, she could now ____75____ her baby at least for the day.Actually, happiness doesn’t ____76____ luck, your financial or your physical conditions, but only on yourself. It is just a ____77____ in your hands. If you choose to be happy, ____78____ can stop you from it.How ____79____ it is that one observation(观察) can change your life! Life has a lot to offer if you observe very closely. One who observes can ____80____ real happiness. 66．A．strongly B．gradually C．gently D．normally 67．A．expensive B．wonderful C．perfect D．dirty 68．A．move B．push C．throw D．send69．A．for B．in C．within D．without 70．A．cold B．light C．sound D．fact 71．A．save B．buy C．pick D．share 72．A．wealthy B．special C．successful D．lucky 73．A．donated B．lent C．promised D．sold 74．A．sinking B．shining C．shaking D．falling 75．A．improve B．protect C．deliver D．feed76．A．go on B．come out C．depend on D．turn out 77．A．symbol B．strength C．voice D．choice78．A．nothing B．something C．anything D．everything 79．A．comforting B．amazing C．disappointing D．satisfying 80．A．invent B．lose C．discover D．ignoreIt was 80 years ago when I wrote my first letter to Paul and Renee. I was about 13. Paul was the same ____81____ as me, his sister Renee was two years younger, and they lived in France. I was keen(热衷的)on learning languages, so I was ____82____ when my French teacher assigned(分配)us pen pals.It was quite a(n) ____83____ to get a letter from a foreign country, so I ____84____ receiving their reply. They weren’t good at English, so after six months, we were all writing in____85____, which helped me acquire a good knowledge of the language.I decided to go to France on holiday in 1949 to ____86____ them. The family ____87____ me well, and I visited several times in the years that followed. The first time I met Renee, she____88____me up at the station, and we hit it off straight away.I never got to meet Paul. Renee wrote to me and ____89____ me that he had died shortly after joining the army. Renee and I continued writing to each other, and our friendship became____90____. We talked about our families, our ____91____ and our troubles in life. After that I moved to South Africa for a while, married, had children, and changed jobs. Throughout all this, we ____92____ writing letters.I’m 93 now and I still write to Renee. She has difficulty writing now, so she phones me to____93____. Most people don’t seem to have the ____94____ for letters anymore, but it gives me great pleasure to write. And this is the most valuable ____95____ I have ever had. 81．A．interest B．dream C．height D．age 82．A．frightened B．pleased C．awkward D．annoyed 83．A．arrangement B．thing C．problem D．debate 84．A．looked forward to B．was attracted to C．signed up forD．took control of85．A．Spain B．English C．French D．German 86．A．help B．praise C．check D．meet 87．A．treated B．fitted C．knew D．protected88．A．picked B．called C．brought D．held 89．A．assured B．informed C．contacted D．calmed 90．A．calmer B．deeper C．flatter D．shorter 91．A．memories B．kids C．organizations D．hobbies 92．A．kept B．stopped C．avoided D．recommended 93．A．explore B．remember C．revise D．reply 94．A．request B．concern C．time D．place 95．A．adventure B．tradition C．friendship D．tripThe student arrived early, sat front and center, and stood out in my classroom in more ways than one. I’d say that he was about 40 years older than his classmates in myundergraduate____96____class at California State University, Los Angeles.He____97____jumped into class discussions, with his humor and wisdom of experience. And he was always____98____of other students’ views, ____99____each of them were a teacher. Jerry Valencia walked in with a smile and he left with one too. “These students gave methe____100____so that I didn’t need to feel bad about my____101____.” Valencia says.One day, I____102____Valencia on campus. He said he would have to____103____taking classes that term and reapply for next year. By then, he____104____to have earned enough money from construction jobs and have his student loan papers (贷款文件) in order. But he said he was still coming to_____105_____to attend events or see friends. He asked seriously_____106_____ he could still sit in on my communications class. Sure, I said. But he wouldn’t get any credit (学分). No problem, he said.Soon there he was again, back at his old desk, front and center,_____107_____into our discussions on how to find and tell stories in Los Angeles---a 63-year-old Cal State LA junior with as much energy and_____108_____as any of the_____109_____in class.A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t_____110_____that term’s tuition (学费) but was still doing the homework. “Here he is,_____111_____taking a class for the joy of it and the_____112_____of learning. You don’t see that in our_____113_____.” says Jessica Espinosa, a 25-year-old junior. Valencia _____114_____and took the final exam too.Valencia’s grade in my class this term will not show up on his report card. But I’m givinghim an A and in the most important ways, it_____115_____.96．A．math B．art C．communications D．physics 97．A．eagerly B．secrecy C．patiently D．accidentally 98．A．grateful B．respectful C．thoughtful D．cheerful 99．A．as far as B．even if C．as long as D．as if 100．A．confidence B．ambition C．competence D．inspiration 101．A．age B．story C．life D．performance 102．A．approached B．spotted C．searched D．consulted 103．A．enjoy B．continue C．stop D．keep 104．A．hoped B．arranged C．attempted D．aimed 105．A．academy B．campus C．apartment D．gym 106．A．why B．how C．when D．whether 107．A．bursting B．breaking C．jumping D．getting 108．A．curiosity B．honesty C．courage D．disappointment 109．A．experts B．professors C．staff D．youth 110．A．waste B．afford C．raise D．earn 111．A．eventually B．casually C．willingly D．occasionally 112．A．tension B．challenge C．experience D．benefit 113．A．culture B．generation C．case D．education 114．A．stayed up B．gave up C．showed up D．got up 115．A．arises B．exists C．remains D．countsIf people actually embrace the concept of stress, it can make them stronger, smarter and happier, a Stanford expert says.One reason why how you think about stress matters is that it changes how you ____116____ stress. Viewing stress as ____117____ leads people to cope in ways that are less helpful, whether it’ s dragging your feet to avoid stress, or imagining worst- case scenes.____118____, viewing stress more positively seems to encourage people to cope in ways that help them thrive, whether it’s tackling the source of stress, ____119____ social support or finding meaning in it.Choosing to see the upside of stress isn’t about ____120____ the fact that stress can be harmful. It’ s about trying to balance your mindset so that you feel less overwhelmed and____121____ about the fact that your life is stressful. Psychologists have found that the ability to embrace stress requires a high ____122____ for uncertainty. You have to be able to understand that two ____123____ opposite things can be true at the same time. It can be true that____124____ something stressful can make you sick or depressed, and it can also be true that the same stressful experience can ultimately make you stronger, more compassionate and more resilient over time.Stress is most likely to be harmful when the following conditions are_____125_____: it feels against your will, out of your control and utterly lacking in meaning. If you can _____126_____ any of these conditions — by finding some meaning in it — you can reduce the harmful effects of stress.Rather than being a sign that something is wrong with your life, feeling stressed can be a( n) _____127_____ of how engaged you are in activities and relationships that are personally meaningful.One simple mindset reset that can help us face and find the good in the stress in our lives is to view it as a( n) _____128_____to learn and grow. The ability to learn from stressis_____129_____ into the basic biology of the stress response. This is why putting people through practice stress is a key _____130_____ technique for NASA astronauts, emergency responders, elite athletes and others who have to thrive under high levels of stress.116．A．contribute to B．agree to C．respond to D．object to 117．A．beneficial B．distracting C．reliable D．harmful 118．A．In fact B．In contrast C．What’s more D．After all 119．A．seeking B．arousing C．requiring D．embracing 120．A．draining B．analyzing C．reversing D．denying 121．A．confused B．unfortunate C．hopeless D．serious 122．A．tolerance B．demand C．anxiety D．preference 123．A．generally B．seemingly C．inevitably D．significantly 124．A．putting off B．coming up with C．taking care of D．going through 125．A．present B．controversial C．constant D．equal126．A．mask B．alter C．enhance D．trace 127．A．code B．origin C．monument D．indicator 128．A．vacancy B．substitute C．opportunity D．illustration 129．A．turned B．built C．broken D．divided 130．A．instrumental B．conflicting C．intentional D．trainingWhen you are storm chasing, most mornings start off in a cheap hotel trying to remember where you ended up the night before. This morning, we were in Wichita, Kansas, midway through a project to____131____the dramatic and destructive weather that travels across the middle of the United States every spring.We loaded the car with our____132____, and off we went, driving under cloudless blue skies for hundreds of miles. Then we reached the border of our targeted storm and entered a dark scene of clouds and occasional rain. As we____133____the heart of the storm, we foundourselves____134____with high winds, violent rain, and severe hail (冰雹). Photographer Krystle, at the wheel, ____135____to get in front of the storm, but it was moving too fast. Wecould____136____keep pace with it.Then we caught sight of something____137____, created by the storm: a rain-wrapped tornado half a mile to our right. The chaotic conditions made it____138____for us to keep it in sight. We lost our cellphone signals and all the data we were desperately____139____for communication. We couldn’t see beyond 20 feet. That was when Nick, our expedition (探险) leader and weather expert, called, “We have to flee.” Krystle_____140_____changed direction, driving the car north onto a country road, _____141_____the madness of that dangerous chase.We weren’t done. After a stretch of clear skies, we found another_____142_____waiting for us. This time, we_____143_____to get in front of it, stopping to photograph it and racing back to the car to_____144_____its extreme anger.A little past midnight, we let the storm go. We watched as the lightning-filled cloud rolled away, displaying the night sky — a beautiful_____145_____for those reckless (不顾危险的) enough to seek it.131．A．recognize B．transform C．photograph D．forecast 132．A．nutrients B．flavor C．equipment D．documents133．A．mentioned B．identified C．captured D．approached 134．A．struggling B．comparing C．engaged D．filled 135．A．pretended B．accelerated C．deserved D．hesitated 136．A．instantly B．gradually C．exactly D．hardly 137．A．disgusting B．frightening C．annoying D．embarrassing 138．A．efficient B．contradictory C．fundamental D．tough 139．A．dependent on B．absorbed in C．satisfied with D．curious about 140．A．deliberately B．frequently C．rigidly D．abruptly 141．A．predicting B．tolerating C．escaping D．witnessing 142．A．cloud B．storm C．car D．road 143．A．regretted B．devoted C．managed D．proposed 144．A．calm B．ignore C．challenge D．avoid 145．A．reward B．excuse C．appetite D．thoughtA New York state agency had just brought on a technician in its IT department to help update some of its aging computer systems. During the interview process, the candidate seemed likea(n)____146____ fit. He would be a real help to the team, the hiring manager had assured everyone. But by the end of the new guy’s first day on the job, it was clear something was wrong. He had____147____ technical literacy. He couldn’t even take directions. The hiring manager was confused: How could someone who seemed like such a strong candidate during the interview process turn out to be so____148____? At the end of her rope, the hiring manager turned to her supervisor for help. After listening to the situation, the supervisor gave an unexpected answer: The person who showed up to the job____149____ wasn’t the person who had been interviewed.Job interviews are a crucial part of any organization, from government agencies to modern startups, when personal____150____ can allow candidates to convey their value better than they do on a resume (简历). But there’s a growing wave of candidates who are quietly tryingto____151____ the system. According to a research, an increasing number of candidates are employing stand-ins to do the interviews and____152____ the job for them. The scheme goes by an interesting name: bait ( 诱饵) and switch. Bait-and-switch interviews appearparticularly____153____ in IT fields. With more and more tech companies conducting jobinterviews through video chat and hiring employees who are permitted to work remotely. It’s easier than ever to pull off a bait and switch.It’s impossible to_____154_____the number of bait-and-switch interviews that are taking place. Companies and recruiters(招聘者) are often embarrassed to admit when they’vebeen______155______. Even when bait and switchers get caught, companies aresometimes_____156_____ to accuse them. So there is no way of knowing the scale of the problem. Chris Mitchell, the senior vice president at the staffing firm Planet Technology, said unqualified hires were a tremendous____157____once they gained access to critical user data that could be mishandled. Organizations can have their reputation ruined,____158____can have their data stolen, and unwitting(不知情的) coworkers are forced to clean up the mess.Anyway, bait-and-switch interviews are a big problem — especially for a company that desperately______159______ capable talent. With no end in sight, employers are advised to keep an eye out for all their applicants and make sure that their interview process is enoughto______160______ unqualified applicants from qualified ones.146．A．poor B．loose C．ideal D．major 147．A．equal B．little C．basic D．adult 148．A．disrespectful B．miserable C．impatient D．incompetent 149．A．literally B．rigidly C．fortunately D．conventionally 150．A．correspondences B．interactions C．dedicationsD．boundaries151．A．adopt B．stabilize C．cheat D．tackle 152．A．secure B．abandon C．exploit D．clarify 153．A．contradictory B．flexible C．identical D．widespread 154．A．advocate B．quantify C．divide D．maximize 155．A．diversified B．isolated C．tricked D．liberated 156．A．eager B．innocent C．decent D．reluctant 157．A．help B．leap C．risk D．experience 158．A．applicants B．customers C．supervisors D．inspectors 159．A．holds up B．calls for C．sets about D．takes over 160．A．discriminate B．remove C．distract D．shift参考答案：1．A2．B3．D4．C5．B6．C7．A8．B9．A10．D11．A12．B13．C14．C15．D【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述在墨西哥城奥运会的马拉松比赛结束后，坦桑尼亚运动员Kowari在观众散去后依然带伤跑完全程，这动人的一幕被著名新闻制片人捕捉下来，传遍了世界的每一个角落。