用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空.doc

一．定语从句：定语从句是一种在句子中起修饰作用的从句，用于修饰一个名词或代词，就像一个形容词一样，让这个名词或代词的信息更加具体。

1. 基本结构---定语从句通常由关系代词（如who, whom, whose, which, that）或关系副词（如when, where, why）引导。

例如：--- The book that/which I bought yesterday is very interesting.（我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。

）其中，“that/which I bought yesterday”是定语从句，修饰先行词“the book”，“that/which”引导词，在从句中作宾语，指代“the book”。

2. 关系代词的用法--- who/whom：用于指人。

“who”在从句中做主语，“whom”作宾语。

---例如：The man who helped me is my teacher.（帮助我的那个人是我的老师。

）这里“who”在从句中做主语，不能省略；而在句子“The boy whom I met yesterday is my friend.”（我昨天遇到的那个男孩是我的朋友。

）中，“whom”作宾语，在口语中也可以用“who”来代替，并且可以省略。

--- whose：表示所属关系，意为“……的”，既可以指人也可以指物。

-例如：I know the girl whose mother is a doctor.（我认识那个女孩，她的妈妈是一名医生。

）“whose mother”在从句中做主语，修饰“the girl”；对于物，“The house whose windows are broken needs to berepaired.”（窗户破了的那所房子需要修理。

）--- which：用于指物，在从句中可以作主语或宾语。

---例如：The movie which we watched last night was really exciting.（我们昨晚看的电影真的很刺激。

定语从句学案和练习一. 定语从句的基本定义放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

eg. The boy who is reading is Tom.先行词关系代词Hospital is a place where a doctor works.先行词关系副词二. 关系词的分类1. 关系代词：关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，常用的关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose, as2. 关系副词关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副词有：when, where, why三. 关系代词的基本用法1. 关系代词的基本用法①who指人,在定语从句中作主语。

A person who steals things is called a thief.②whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。

The man (whom) I nodded to is Mr. Li.③which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。

作宾语时，可省略。

These are the trees which were planted last year.This recorder （which）he is using is made in Japan.④that 指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。

作宾语时，可省略。

A plane is a machine that can fly.⑤whose指人或物, 在定语从句中作定语。

不可省略。

We live in a house whose windows face south. This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.2. 关系代词的用法注意点(1)以下情况只能用that。

①当先行词被最高级修饰时。

关系副词与“介词+ which / whom”引导的定语从句练习一、用恰当的关系词填空：1.I will never forget the day I joined the Communist Youth League.2.Is this the village the famous scientist was born?3.Sarah didn’t give the reason she was late for school again.4. I will never forget the days____ I spent with my cousins in the countryside.5. I will never forget the days____ I worked with my cousins on the farm.6. The reason ____ he gave for not coming was that his mother didn't allow him to come.7. The reason ___ he was late was that didn't allow him to come.8.The museum ____ we visited last week was built last year.9.The museum ____ he works was built last year.10.We were put into a position in _____ we had to accept we were less important, or fight the government.11. Mandela was the black lawyer to ______I went for advice.12. He was generous with his time, for ______ I was grateful.13.The factory produces half a million pairs of shoesevery year, 80% ___ are sold abroad.14.The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, ____ 80% are sold abroad.二、单项选择1. The English play ____ my students acted at the New Year's party was a great success.A. for whichB. in whichC. at whichD. on which2. They passed by a factory, ____ there were a lot of rice fields.A. in front of whichB. from whereC. at whichD. in the front of which3. More and more people are learning English, ____ has drawn much attention of the public.A. the importanceB. the importantC. the importance of whichD. the importance of it4. I met a group of foreigners yesterday,___ were from America.A. whomB. several of whomC. severalD. several of them5. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, ___ the sailing time was 226 days.A. of whichB. during whichC. from whichD. for which6. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% ___ are sold abroad.A. of whichB. which ofC. of themD. of that7. American women usually identify their best friends as someone ___ they can talk frequently.A. to whoB. with whomC. of whomD. about whom8. The world ____ is made up of matter.A. in that we liveB. on which we liveC. where we live inD. we live in9. The man ___ had little information,A. I spoke ofB. of who I spokeC. I spoke of whomD. whom I spoke10. I was stuck by the limited use ___ their natural resources.A. the Indians made ofB. which the Indians madeC. for the Indians to make ofD. for the Indians making of11. His house, for _______he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.A. thatB. whichC. themD. it12. Ashdown forest, through ____ we’ll be driving, isn’ta forest any longer.A. whichB. itC. themD. that13. George, with ____I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.A. thatB. whomC. him D them14. Her sons, both of ____ work abroad, will come back home this summer.A. thatB. whoC. whomD. them15. I met the fruit-pickers, several of ___ were still university students.A. thatB. whomC. themD. who16. Elias stayed in China for four years, after ____ he went to America for his master’s degree.A .which B. when C. where D. who17. They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of ____ were carried out in their work.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. them18. They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of ____ were carried out in their work.A. whichB. themC. thatD. what19. This shirt is like the one___ we saw yesterday in that shop ___ John told us about.A. that, whichB. which, whereC. whom; thatD. which, in which20. It is one of the best books_____.A. that have ever been writtenB. that has ever been writtenC. Which have been writtenD. which has been written21. This is the school ___ my little brother studied years ago.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. in which22. This is the school ___ my little brother visited last year.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. in which23. The reason ____ he gave for not coming was that his mother didn't allow him to come.A. for whichB. whichC. whyD. about which24. The reason ___ he was late was that didn't allow him to come.A. for thatB. whichC. whyD. about which25. Finally the little boy told us everything ____ he had seen and heard in the street.A .which B. what C. whatever D .that26. She is such a good teacher ___ we all love and respect.A. thatB. asC. whoD. whom27. I don't like the way ____you deal with the problem.A. whichB. in thatC. thatD. how28. ___ is often the case, Mike was late again and made up an excuse to fool the boss.A. WhichB. AsC. WhenD. Where29. Are these glasses _____ ?A. which you wish will be repaired.B. the ones you wish to have repairedC. the one you wish to repairD. that you wishto be repaired30. Are these the glasses_______?A. which you wish will be repaired.B. the ones you wish to have repairedC. the one you wish to repairD. that you wish to have repaired31. A lot of people applied for the job, which was advertised, ___ had the necessary qualifications.A. whoB. most of whomC. few of whichD. few of whom32. It was said that 25 people were injured in the accident, ____ were children.A. two of themB. two of whomC. two of whoD. two of which33. The film brought the hours back to me ___I was taken good care of in that faraway village.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. that34. More and more people drive to suburbs on weekends, ___ they can enjoy the beauty of nature.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. that35. That coat is the very thing ___ I am after.A. whatB. whichC. whoD. that36. The soldiers had to sleep in their wet clothes, ____ most uncomfortable.A. which I think it wasB. which I thinkC. which I think wasD. that I think was37. When she came back from abroad, Lucy told us about the cities and the people _____ she had visited.A. thatB. whoC. whereD. which38. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the central park, ____ parents were seated together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that39. We were put into a position _____ we had to accept we were less important or fight the government.A. for whichB. at whichC. on whichD. in which40. This is the best film _____has been shown this yearA. whichB. thatC. asD. what。

语法专题专题三代词I、重点难点解析代词是代替名词的一种词类。

大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。

英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中下面举例说明，其中疑问代词见“句子种类”，关系代词见“定语从句”。

一人称代词的用法1 作主语，用主格。

作宾语用宾格。

She teaches us English.2 在句中作表语，常用宾格。

Who is it? It’s me. 但有时用主格。

If I were she, I would’t go there.It was I who told him about it.二物主代词的用法1．形容词性物主代词——只作定语：This is our classroom. His father is an engineer.2说明：①英语中必须有形容词性物主代词，而汉语中往往省略不译。

如：Jack took off his coat and went to bed.杰克脱掉外套就上床睡觉了。

② “of + 名词性物主代词”可用作定语。

如：Some friends of mine will attend my birthday party.我的一些朋友要出席我的生日晚宴。

四指示代词的用法1.时空的差别e.g. There is this seat here, near me, or there is that one in the fourth row. Which will you have, this or that？2. This 和that 在行文叙述上的差别。

E.g.I shall say this to you: he is a poor man. He was ill. That’s why he didn’t come.3.that 和those 用于表比较的结构。

The weather of Zhanjiang is better than that of my hometown. TV sets made in Nanjing are better than those made here.4. 打电话时this 表示我,that表示你.五不定代词的用法1．none, no one, nothing 的用法区别1）none 既可指人，也可指物，且一定是特指概念，常用来回答how many /much 引导的疑问句；no one 只能指人，且只能是泛指概念，常用来回答who 引导的疑问句；nothing “什么也没有”，否定一切，常用来回答what 引导的疑问句。

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例如:Do you know the young man (whom/who) we met at the gate？你认识我们在门口碰见的那个人吗？Mr Lee （whom/who） you want to see has come。

你想要见面的李先生到了.The man to whom our teacher is speaking is from Canada。

=The man who our teacher is speaking to is from Canada.我们老师正在谈话的那个男人来自加拿大。

3. whose 指人,也可指物（拟人化的物），意思是“谁的”，在定语从句中作定语。

例如：The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today. (The girl’s mother is ill。

）那个女生的母亲生病了，她今天仍然呆在家。

I know the boy whose father is a professor. (The boy’s father is a professor.）我认识那个男孩，他的父亲是一名教授。

I live in a house whose windows face the south。

可编辑修改精选全文完整版关系代词和关系副词区别及练习题1、关系代词（that, who, whom, whose, which）所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。

作主语，指人）作宾语，指人）（whose在句中作定语，指人）作定语，指物。

）2、关系副词（when, where, why,）可代替的先行词是时间、地点或原因的名词，在从句中作状语。

关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用。

ago.3、判断用关系代词和关系副词用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。

缺少宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；不缺成分（作状语）用关系副词。

（1）把从句单独拎出来然后把引导词去掉看看句子是不是完整的如果完整，那这个引导词就是关系副词例如Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.去掉where (in which)剩下I was born.完整句子不完整，引导词就是关系代词此时该引导词一定在从句中作成分例如He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.这里把whom/ that去掉后剩下I saw yesterday.明显缺少宾语但是有一个例外那就是引导词作主语的定语时也是关系代词例如They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.这里把whose去掉后剩下car had broken down. 也是完整句子只是这里whose作定语修饰car 所以是关系代词其实这时候应该whose car一起去掉然后就是缺少主语了练习题在定语从句中巧选关系代词和关系副词定语从句中的关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose等；关系副词有：where, when, why等。

关系副词和关系代词的用法关系副词和关系代词是用来引导定语从句的词语，表示两个句子或两个成分之间的关系。

关系副词有：why（为什么）、when（什么时候）、where（在哪里）、how（如何）等。

关系代词有：that（不指人）、who（指人）、whom（指人，在句中作宾语时使用）、whose（指人或物的所有关系）、which（指物）等。

关系副词和关系代词的用法如下：1. 关系副词的用法：- why：引导定语从句，表示原因或理由。

例如：I don't know why he left.- when：引导定语从句，表示时间。

例如：Do you remember the day when we first met?- where：引导定语从句，表示地点。

例如：She will show you the room where she lives.- how：引导定语从句，表示方式或方法。

例如：I don't know how he did it.2. 关系代词的用法：- that/who/which：用来引导定语从句，修饰一个名词或代词。

例如：The book that/which I bought yesterday is very interesting.The girl who/whom I met yesterday is my friend.- whom：用来引导定语从句，作宾语，一般用于非正式场合。

例如：The man whom I saw in the park is my teacher.- whose：用来引导定语从句，表示所属关系。

例如：The boy whose father is a doctor is in my class.需要注意的是，关系代词在从句中起着两个作用，一是引导从句，二是在从句中起一个成分（主语、宾语等）。

而关系副词只起引导从句的作用，不在从句中起成分。

定语从句练习一．用关系代词或关系副词填空(每空填一词)。

1.T his is the college he works.he works at.at he works.2.18th,July, 1994 was the day he was born.he was born on.on he was born.3.T he woman is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.The woman my mother is talking to is a friend of hers.The woman to my mother is talking to is a friend of hers.4.Because of my poor memory, all you told me has been forgotten.5.is known to all, English is not difficult to learn.He failed in the English test , is out of our expectation..6.Do you work near the building colour is yellow?7.Alice received an invitation from her boss, came as a surprise.8.Do you know the reason she has changed her mind?9.We should read such books will make us wiser.10.The old woman had three sons, all of dided during World War Ⅱ.11.I shall never forget those years I lived in Ruyuan with my grandparents,has a great effect on my life.12.A fast food restaurant is the place , just as the name suggests, eating isperformed quickly.13.N uclear weapon in considered the most terrible weapon of war man has invented. 二．根据句子意思，在第一空填入介词，第二空填入关系代词。

关系副词引导的定语从句主备：曹海霞审核：学案编号：授课时间：授课人：姓名：班级：小组：课题关系副词引导的定语从句课型Grammar 教师复备栏或学生笔记栏【学习目标】1.在了解关系代词引导的定语从句的基础上，借助自己的资料书、周报和语法书探究关系副词引导的定语从句的用法。

【学习重点、难点】掌握关系副词引导的定语从句【知识链接】关系代词引导的定语从句【学法指导】通过预习、查阅资料收集并处理信息，最后得出结论。

【课前自测】关系代词表关系代词先行词充当成分人或物主语或宾语which 物人主语或宾语whom 人定语用关系代词填空。

1.This is the story ____________ we wrote for our storytelling contest.2.The book ____________ I borrowed from the library is very interesting.3.He likes the birthday gifts _____________ his friends gave him.4.The girl _______________ you have just seen is very good at English.5.1 don't know the name of the teacher ______________ I met in the computer room.6. He is the man ________ articles are very famous.【自主学习】关系副词表关系副词先行词充当成分等于介词+whichWhen时间名词时间状语In/on/at/during ...+which where地点名词地点状语In/on/at...+whichwhy Reason原因状语For which【合作探究】1.October 1st is the day _______ I'll never forget.2.October 1st is the day _______ I was bom..3.This is the supermarket _______ sells all kinds of goods..4.This is the supermarket _______ I met my old friends.5.This is the house ________ I want to buy.6.This is the house ________ I live in.7.This is the house ________ I live.8.1 _____________________ won't forget the day we spent together.9.1 _____________________ won't forget the day we work together.10.1won't forget the day ______ I graduated from the middle school.11.That is the place ______ I grow up.12.That is the place ______ we played together.13.This is the reason ______ I told you.14.This is the reason ______ I was late.【达标测评】用介词+关系代词或关系副词填空。

Period Four Grammar—Non-defining attributive clauses 感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题非限制性定语从句是对主句中的先行词起补充说明作用的定语从句。

其标志是主句和从句之间用逗号隔开。

句1中where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰上文的the waiting area；句2中用了“不定代词＋of＋which”引导非限制性定语从句；句3中who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰上文的nurse；句4中which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句。

非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句相比较，非限制性定语从句是指与主句关系不十分密切，只对主句中的先行词起补充说明作用的定语从句。

其标志是主句和从句之间用逗号隔开。

1．引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词指人时用who，whom或whose；指物时用which或whose。

This is our headmaster，who I think has something important to tell you.这是我们的校长，我认为他有重要的事情要告诉你。

My elder sister has become a doctor，which I wanted to be.我大姐成了一名医生，我原来也想做一名医生的。

2．引导非限制性定语从句的关系副词有when和where。

当先行词指时间时，关系副词用when；指地点时用where。

Chaplin lived the last years of his life in Switzerland，where he was buried in 1977.卓别林在瑞士度过了他的晚年，1977年他被安葬在那里。

He left his hometown in 1992，when he was only 12 years old.他于1992年离开家乡，当时他只有12岁。

3．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句存在许多不同之处，主要有以下几点：(1)引导词不同：关系代词that，关系副词why均不可以引导非限制性定语从句。