胶接质量的衡量
剥离力Peel
衡量measures 粘接力Adhesion 剥离力Peel 衡量measures 粘接力Adhesion 剪切力Shear
衡量measures 内聚力Cohesion 剪切力Shear 衡量measures 内聚力Cohesion
Load
Load Tape
Tape Test Panel Test Panel
180Peel
180Peel 90ºPeel
90ºPeel
Rolldown Machine
辊压过程
拉力测试仪（剥离力，动态剪切）
剥离力测试
剥离力测试
剥离力测试条件
•环境条件：温度：23c 湿度：55％•辊压条件：辊重：4.5磅
辊速：304.8mm/min (1个来回)•背材：PET膜或铝箔
•板材：ASTM标准钢板
•测试条件：拉伸速度：304.8mm/min
动态剪切测试条件
•环境条件：温度：23c 湿度：55％
•板材：标准钢板或由客户提供
•测试条件：搭接面积：0.5*1或1*1平方英寸
静态剪切测试仪
静态剪切测试条件
•环境条件：温度：23c 湿度：55％
•辊压条件：辊重：4.5磅
辊速：304.8mm/min (1个来回)•背材：PET膜
•板材：标准钢板
•测试条件：负重：250、500、1000克
搭接面积：0.5*1或1*1平方英寸。
Abrasive Discs for Random Orbital Sandingand PSA Discs are designed to handle a wide range of sanding and finishing needs. These discs have a pressure sensitive adhesive coating on the back side for easy application and clean removal.Request Infoaint and primer preparation on airplanes, cuff sanding of sealer coatings on cabinetry and furniture efine finishes on stainless steel appliances,food processing, pharmaceutical and surgical equipmentGradeColorMin./CaseA VFN Maroon 1-800-453-1692Request InfoDisc Roll 236UGrade Min./CaseP80100/4P100100/4P120100/4P150100/4P180100/4P220100/4P240100/4P320100/4Request Infor b i t a l S y s t e m s3M™Stikit ™ Discs3M ™ Stikit ™ Disc Roll 341D• A luminum oxide on a durable X wt. cloth backing lexible, smooth film backing conforms to contours and rounded edges roduces a uniform and consistent finish because of the flatness of Min./Case100/4100/4100/4100/4100/4Request Info393M ™ Stikit ™ Disc Roll 426U• S ilicon carbide abrasive on a flexible A wt. paper backing • Features a load resistant coating • Delivers good cut and excellent finishUPCDiameterGradeDiscs/RollQty./Case051141-27775-25" x NH 8012510051141-27776-95" x NH 10012510051141-27777-65" x NH 12012510051141-27778-35" x NH 1501756051141-27779-05" x NH 1801756051141-27780-65" x NH 2201756051141-27781-35" x NH 2401756051141-27782-05" x NH 2801756051141-27783-75" x NH 3201756051141-27784-45" x NH 4001756051141-27785-16" x NH 8012510051141-27786-86" x NH 10012510051141-27787-56" x NH 12012510051141-27788-26" x NH 1501756051141-27789-96" x NH 1801756051141-27790-56" x NH 2201756051141-27791-26" x NH 2401756051141-27792-96" x NH32017563M ™ Stikit ™ Disc Roll 763U• 3M ceramic aluminum oxide blend abrasive grain on a heavy F wt. paper backingUPCDiameterGradeDiscs/RollQty./CasePaper Backing051144-80942-45" x NH 601004051144-80943-15" x NH 801004051144-80944-85" x NH P1001004051144-80945-55" x NH P1201004051144-80946-26" x NH 601004051144-80947-96" x NH8010043M ™ Stikit ™ Disc 900DZ• H igh performance 3M ceramic abrasive grain on a J wt. backing • Open coat to reduce loading • Individual discs with linerUPCDiameterGradeMin./CasePaper Backing 051111-49639-85" x NH 8050/250051111-49640-45" x NH P10050/250051111-49641-15" x NH P12050/250051111-49643-55" x NH P15050/250051111-49642-85" x NH P18050/250051111-49644-25" x NHP22050/2503M ™ Stikit ™ Disc/ Disc Roll 735U• 3M ceramic aluminum oxide blend abrasive grain on a C wt. paper • Load-resistant coating • Sharp-cutting and durable• Ideal for wood, soft metals, fiberglass and solid surfaceUPCDiameterGradeDiscs/RollQty./CaseDisc Rolls051111-51229-65" x NH P801004051111-51230-25" x NH P1001004051111-51231-95" x NH P1201004051111-51232-65" x NH P1501004051111-51233-35" x NH P1801004051111-51234-05" x NH P2201004Paper Backing with Tabbed Liner051141-20760-55" x NH P80505051141-20762-95" x NH P100505051141-20764-35" x NH P120505051141-20766-75" x NH P150505051141-20768-15" x NH P180505051141-20770-45" x NH P220505051141-24042-86" x NH P80505051141-24043-56" x NH P100505051141-24044-26" x NH P120505051141-24045-96" x NH P150505051141-24046-66" x NH P180505051141-24047-36" x NHP2205053M ™ Stikit ™ DiscsRequest Info403M™PSA Discs3M ™ PSA Cloth Disc 348D• A luminum oxide on an X wt. cloth backing • H eavy-duty, cloth-backed discs for more aggressive applications • Provides excellent adhesion while removing easilyUPCDiameterGradeMin./CaseCloth Backing051144-20913-22"3650/200051144-20911-82"5050/200051144-20910-12"6050/200051144-20909-52"8050/200051144-20908-82"P10050/200051144-20907-12"P12050/200051144-01335-73"4050/200051144-01334-03"5050/200051144-01333-33"6050/200051144-01332-63"8050/200051144-01331-93"P10050/200051144-01330-23"P12050/200051144-20891-35" 3650/250051144-20890-65" 4050/250051144-20889-05" 5050/250051144-20888-35" 6050/250051144-20887-65" 8050/250051144-20886-95" P10050/250051144-20885-25" P12050/250051144-20884-55" P15050/250051144-20883-85" P18050/250051144-20881-45" P24050/250051144-21639-06" 3650/250051144-21731-16" 4050/250051144-20879-16" 5050/250051144-20878-46" 6050/250051144-20877-76" 8050/250051144-20876-06" P10050/250051144-21497-66" P12050/250051144-20874-68" 3650/250051144-20873-98" 4050/250051144-20871-58" 6050/250051144-20870-88" 8050/250051144-20868-58"P12050/2503M ™ PSA Cloth Disc 348D (cont.)UPCDiameterGradeMin./Case051144-88906-812" 3610051144-88905-112" 4010051144-88904-412" 5010051144-88903-712" 6010051144-88902-012" 8010051144-88901-312" P10010051144-88890-016" 3610051144-88889-416" 4010051144-88887-016" 6010051144-88886-316" 8010051144-88882-518" 3610051144-88880-118" 6010051144-88878-820" 3610051144-88877-120" 4010051144-88876-420" 5010051144-88875-720" 6010051144-88874-020" 8010051144-20802-924" 3610051144-20801-224" 4010051144-20798-524"80103M ™ PSA Disc 777F• 3M ceramic aluminum oxide blendabrasive grain on a polyester cloth backing • H eavy-duty YF wt. backing provides great strength and flexibility • P rovides long life and fast cut on multiple surfaces • Includes a grinding aid for cooler runningUPCDiameterGradeQty./CaseCloth Backing051144-88869-612"3610051144-88873-312"4010051144-88872-612"5010051144-88871-912"6010051144-88870-212"8010Request InfoElite Non-Vacuum Random Orbital Sanders• Powerful and popular non-vacuum tools meet or exceed highest performance standardsWeightPound (kg)LengthInch (mm)Height Inch (mm)Airflow RateSCFM (LPM)Pad IncludedUPC1.52 (.692) 5.78 (147) 3.64 (92.5)17 (481)Hookit ™ 20350051141-28494-11.31 (.596) 5.78 (147)3.38 (86)17 (481)Hookit ™ 20350051141-28496-51.81 (.825) 6.77 (172) 3.58 (91)17 (481)Stikit ™ 20351051141-28583-21.8 (.817) 6.77 (172) 3.58 (91)17 (481)Stikit ™ 20351051141-28495-81.76 (.8) 6.77 (172) 3.58 (91)17 (481)Stikit ™ 20351051141-28497-21.76 (.8) 6.77 (172) 3.58 (91)17 (481)Hookit ™20352051141-28708-91.72 (.781) 6.77 (172) 3.58 (91)17 (481)Stikit ™ 20351051141-28498-91.94 (.881)7.36 (187) 3.58 (91)17 (481)Stikit ™ 20354051141-28582-51.91 (.869)7.36 (187) 3.58 (91)17 (481)Stikit ™ 20354051141-28499-61.86 (.844)7.36 (187) 3.58 (91)17 (481)Stikit ™ 20354051141-28500-92.1 (.957)7.36 (187)3.58 (91)17 (481)Stikit ™ 20354051141-28501-628582/28499/28500/2850128494/2849628583/28495/28497/28708/284981 A luminum housing for added durability and reduced vibration; Durable composite cover helps prevent cracked housings2 Recessed Lever3 E allows better control with reduced effort, insulates from cold and reduces vibration4 S control reduces inadvertent speed changes5 Wider port for6 I nternal Muffler SGV 6 dB quieter7 I ntegrated Wrist Support and leverage8 Clearance for large inlet coupler9C better dust collection airflow1234567891-800-453-1692Request Info3M ™ Non-Vacuum Random Orbital SandersModel No.Tool Dia. Inch (mm)Orbit Dia.Inch (mm)MotorHP (W)Max RPMWeightPound (kg)LengthInch (mm)Height Inch (mm)Airflow RateSCFM (LPM)Pad IncludedUPC20317 5 (127)3/16 (5)0.28 (209)12,000 1.65 (.75) 5.89 (149.6) 3.26 (82.9)17 (481)Stikit ™ 20351051141-20317-120324 6 (152)5/16 (8)0.28 (209)12,000 1.78 (.81) 6.39 (162.3) 3.26 (82.9)17 (481)Stikit ™ 20354051141-20324-9203256 (152)3/16 (5)0.28 (209)12,0001.74 (.79)6.39 (162.3) 3.26 (82.9)17 (481)Stikit ™ 20354051141-20325-620324/20325203173M ™ Self-Generated Vacuum Random Orbital Sanders*Model No.Tool Dia. Inch (mm)Orbit Dia.Inch (mm)MotorHP (W)Max RPMWeightPound (kg)LengthInch (mm)Height Inch (mm)Airflow RateSCFM (LPM)Pad IncludedUPC20252† 3 (77)3/16 (5)0.28 (209)12,000 1.30 (.59) 5.01 (127.33) 3.10 (78.61)17 (481)Hookit ™ 20350051141-20252-520319 5 (127)3/16 (5)0.28 (209)12,000 1.83 (.83) 6.12 (155.4) 3.33 (84.5)17 (481)Hookit ™ 20353051141-20319-520208 6 (150)5/16 (8)0.28 (209)12,000 1.96 (.89) 6.47 (164.4) 3.33 (84.5)17 (481)Hookit ™ 20356051141-20208-2203276 (150)3/16 (5)0.28 (209)12,0001.96 (.89)6.47 (164.4)3.33 (84.5)17 (481)Hookit ™ 20356051141-20327-0*One (1) each of the following included: 3M ™ Clean Sanding Filter Bag, Filter Bag Adapter, Hose Seal †Product to be replaced by Elite Series model.20208/2032720319202523M ™ Power Tools for Random Orbital Systems42R a n d o m O r b i t a l S y s t e m s3M ™ Elite Central-Vacuum-Ready Random Orbital Sanders• Easily attaches to your existing central vacuum system for efficient dust-evacuationModel No.Tool Dia. Inch (mm)Orbit Dia.Inch (mm)MotorHP (W)MaxRPMWeightPound (kg)LengthInch (mm)HeightInch (mm)Airflow RateSCFM (LPM)Pad IncludedUPC28503 3 (77)3/16 (5)0.28 (209)12,000 1.63 (.742)7.99 (203) 3.64 (92.5)17 (481)Hookit ™ 20350051141-28503-028505 3 (77)3/32 (2.5)0.28 (209)12,000 1.41 (.644)7.91 (201) 3.44 (87.5)17 (481)Hookit ™ 20350051141-28505-428561 5 (127)3/8 (9.5)0.28 (209)12,000 1.91 (.868)8.93 (227) 3.64 (92.6)17 (481)Hookit ™ 20353051141-28561-028504 5 (127)5/16 (8)0.28 (209)12,000 1.89 (.86)8.93 (227) 3.64 (92.6)17 (481)Hookit ™ 20353051141-28504-728506 5 (127)3/16 (5)0.28 (209)12,000 1.86 (.844)8.93 (227) 3.64 (92.6)17 (481)Hookit ™ 20353051141-28506-128507 5 (127)3/32 (2.5)0.28 (209)12,000 1.82 (.826)8.93 (227) 3.64 (92.6)17 (481)Hookit ™20353051141-28507-828560 6 (152)3/8 (9.5)0.28 (209)12,000 2.04 (.930)9.37 (238) 3.64 (92.6)17 (481)Hookit ™ 20356051141-28560-328502 6 (152)5/16 (8)0.28 (209)12,000 2.02 (.918)9.37 (238) 3.64 (92.6)17 (481)Hookit ™ 20356051141-28502-328508 6 (152)3/16 (5)0.28 (209)12,000 1.97 (.896)9.37 (238) 3.64 (92.6)17 (481)Hookit ™ 20356051141-28508-5285096 (152)3/32 (2.5)0.28 (209)12,0001.91 (.869)9.37 (238)3.64 (92.6)17 (481)Hookit ™ 20356051141-28509-228560/28502/28508/2850928503/2850528561/28504/28506/285073M ™ Elite Self-Generated Vacuum Random Orbital Sanders*• Featuring 3M patented Clean Sanding system with improved filter bagModel No.Tool Dia. Inch (mm)Orbit Dia.Inch (mm)MotorHP (W)MaxRPMWeightPound (kg)LengthInch (mm)Height Inch (mm)Airflow RateSCFM (LPM)Pad IncludedUPC28511 3 (77)3/16 (5)0.28 (209)12,000 1.65 (.752)8.22 (209) 3.64 (92.5)17 (481)Hookit ™ 20350051141-28511-528513 3 (77)3/32 (2.5)0.28 (209)12,000 1.43 (.651)8.14 (207) 3.44 (87.5)17 (481)Hookit ™ 20350051141-28513-928563 5 (127)3/8 (9.5)0.28 (209)12,000 1.93 (.874)9.21 (234) 3.64 (92.6)17 (481)Hookit ™ 20353051141-28563-428512 5 (127)5/16 (8)0.28 (209)12,000 1.9 (.866)9.21 (234) 3.64 (92.6)17 (481)Hookit ™20353051141-28512-228514 5 (127)3/16 (5)0.28 (209)12,000 1.87 (.85)9.21 (234) 3.64 (92.6)17 (481)Hookit ™ 20353051141-28514-628515 5 (127)3/32 (2.5)0.28 (209)12,000 1.83 (.833)9.21 (234) 3.64 (92.6)17 (481)Hookit ™ 20353051141-28515-328562 6 (152)3/8 (9.5)0.28 (209)12,000 2.06 (.939)9.64 (245) 3.64 (92.6)17 (481)Hookit ™ 20356051141-28562-728510 6 (152)5/16 (8)0.28 (209)12,000 2.04 (.927)9.64 (245) 3.64 (92.6)17 (481)Hookit ™ 20356051141-28510-828516 6 (152)3/16 (5)0.28 (209)12,000 1.99 (.904)9.64 (245) 3.64 (92.6)17 (481)Hookit ™ 20356051141-28516-0285176 (152)3/32 (2.5)0.28 (209)12,0001.92 (.874)9.64 (245)3.64 (92.6)17 (481)Hookit ™ 20356051141-28517-7*One (1) each of the following included: 3M ™Clean Sanding Filter Bag, Filter Bag Adapter, Hose Seal28511/2851328563/28512/28514/2851528562/28510/28516/28517Request Info3M ™ Electric Random Orbital Sander KitsKits include 3M ™ Electric Sander, 3M ™ Power Supply w/AC Power Cord (PN28436), 3M ™ Power Cord (PN 28434) and Disc Pad (Non-Vacuum: 3M ™ Stikit ™ Disc Pad; Central Vacuum: 3M ™ Hookit ™ Clean Sanding Disc Pad). Kit includes canvas bag.Model No.VacuumTool Dia. Inch (mm)Orbit Dia.Inch (mm)MotorHP (W)Max RPMWeightPound (kg)LengthInch (mm)HeightInch (mm)Pad IncludedUPC28519Central Vac Kit 5 (127)3/32 (2.5).20–.24 (149–179) 10,000 2.08 (.945)8.42 (214) 3.8 (96.6)Hookit ™ 20353051141-28519-128520Central Vac Kit 5 (127)3/16 (5).20–.24 (149–179) 10,000 2.12 (.965)8.42 (214) 3.8 (96.6)Hookit ™ 20353051141-28520-728521Central Vac Kit 6 (150)3/32 (2.5).20–.24 (149–179) 10,000 2.19 (.995)8.85 (225) 3.8 (96.6)Hookit ™ 20356051141-28521-428522Central Vac Kit 6 (150)3/16 (5).20–.24 (149–179) 10,000 2.24 (1.02)8.85 (225) 3.8 (96.6)Hookit ™ 20356051141-28522-128523Non-Vac Kit 5 (127)3/32 (2.5).20–.24 (149–179) 10,000 1.92 (.875) 6.81 (173) 3.82 (97.2)Stikit ™ 20351051141-28523-828524Non-Vac Kit 5 (127)3/16 (5).20–.24 (149–179) 10,000 1.98 (.9) 6.81 (173) 3.82 (97.2)Stikit ™ 20351051141-28524-528525Non-Vac Kit 6 (150)3/32 (2.5).20–.24 (149–179) 10,000 1.99 (.905)7.28 (185) 3.82 (97.2)Stikit ™ 20354051141-28525-228526Non-Vac Kit6 (150)3/16 (5).20–.24 (149–179) 10,0002.04 (.93)7.28 (185)3.82 (97.2)Stikit ™ 20354051141-28526-9Power Supply Input: 100–240 VAC, 47–63 HZ; Power Supply Output: 30 VDC, 5 Amps3M ™ Electric Random Orbital Sanders* (Sander Only)Model No.VacuumTool Dia. Inch (mm)Orbit Dia.Inch (mm)MotorHP (W)Max RPMWeightPound (kg)LengthInch (mm)HeightInch (mm)Pad IncludedUPC28430Central Vacuum 5 (127)3/32 (2.5).20–.24 (149–179)10,000 2.08 (.945)8.42 (214) 3.8 (96.6)Hookit ™ 20353051141-28430-928431Central Vacuum 5 (127)3/16 (5).20–.24 (149–179)10,000 2.12 (.965)8.42 (214) 3.8 (96.6)Hookit ™ 20353051141-28431-628432Central Vacuum 6 (150)3/32 (2.5).20–.24 (149–179)10,000 2.19 (.995)8.85 (225) 3.8 (96.6)Hookit ™ 20356051141-28432-328433Central Vacuum 6 (150)3/16 (5).20–.24 (149–179)10,000 2.24 (1.02)8.85 (225) 3.8 (96.6)Hookit ™ 20356051141-28433-028426Non-Vacuum 5 (127)3/32 (2.5).20–.24 (149–179)10,000 1.92 (.875) 6.81 (173) 3.82 (97.2)Stikit ™ 20351051141-28426-228427Non-Vacuum 5 (127)3/16 (5).20–.24 (149–179)10,000 1.98 (.9) 6.81 (173) 3.82 (97.2)Stikit ™ 20351051141-28427-928428Non-Vacuum 6 (150)3/32 (2.5).20–.24 (149–179)10,000 1.99 (.905)7.28 (185) 3.82 (97.2)Stikit ™ 20354051141-28428-628429Non-Vacuum6 (150)3/16 (5).20–.24 (149–179)10,0002.04 (.93)7.28 (185)3.82 (97.2)Stikit ™ 20354051141-28429-3*Sanders require use of Power Supply w/AC Power Cord (PN28436) and 3M ™Power Cord (PN 28434)28426284303M ™ Electric Random Orbital SandersConsistent performance when air supply is inadequate or mobility is needed.• P rovides significant energy cost savings vs. pneumatics • L ow-profile design enables increased operator control and less vibration • Extended, curved wrist rest for more support• Exclusive 3M ™ Gripping Material for added comfort and reduced vibration • V ariable speed settings: 7,000, 9,000 and 10,000 RPM3M ™ Power Tools for Random Orbital Systems283373M ™ Random Orbital Sander, 2-HandModel No.VacuumTool Dia. Inch (mm)Orbit Dia.Inch (mm)MotorHP (W)Max RPMWeightPound (kg)LengthInch (mm)Height Inch (mm)Airflow RateSCFM (LPM)Clean Sanding Pad IncludedUPC43Request InfoProduct NameUPCQty./CaseFor Use WithSize/DescriptionMax RPMMax OPM3M ™Hook-and-Loop Disc Pad Holder No. 905048011-09448-91Scotch-Brite ™ Surface Conditioning Discs5" x 5/16–24 EXT 10,000N/A3M ™ Hookit ™ Disc Pad051144-13625-4103M ™ Hookit ™ Discs and Scotch-Brite ™ Coating Removal Discs 5" x 3/4" x 5/16–24 EXT 10,00012,000051141-28709-6103M ™ Hookit ™ Discs and Scotch-Brite ™ Coating Removal Discs 6" x 3/4" x 5/16–24 EXT 12,00012,0003M ™ Hookit ™ Low Profile Disc Pad051141-20352-2103M ™ Hookit ™ Discs and Scotch-Brite ™ RO Discs 5" x 3/8" x 5/16–24 EXT;Low Profile 12,00012,000051131-05755-5103M ™ Hookit ™ Discs and Scotch-Brite ™ Coating Removal Discs 5" x 3/8" x 5/16–24 EXT;Low Profile 12,00012,000051141-20355-3103M ™ Hookit ™ Discs and Scotch-Brite ™ RO Discs 6" x 3/8" x 5/16–24 EXT;Low Profile 12,00012,0003M ™ Stikit ™ Disc Pads051131-05545-2103M ™ Stikit ™ Discs 5" x 11/16" 5/16–24 EXT; Low Profile Finishing 12,00012,000051131-05546-9103M ™ Stikit ™ Discs 6" x 11/16" 5/16–24 EXT; Low Profile Finishing 10,00012,000051131-05555-1103M ™ Stikit ™ Discs 5" x 3/8" 5/16–24 EXT;Low Profile 12,00012,000051144-05575-31/103M ™ Stikit ™ Discs 5" x 3/4" x 5/16–2410,00012,000051141-28772-01/103M ™ Stikit ™ Discs 6" x 3/4" x 5/16–2410,00012,000051141-20351-5103M ™ Stikit ™ Discs 5" x 3/8" x 5/16–24 EXT; Red Foam; Low Profile 12,00012,000051141-20354-6103M ™ Stikit ™ Discs 6" x 3/8" x 5/16–24 EXT; Red Foam; Low Profile 12,00012,000051144-81821-1103M ™ Stikit ™ Discs 5" x 3/4" 5/16–24 EXT 10,00012,000051144-88736-1103M ™ Stikit ™ Discs5" x 3/8" 5/16–24 EXT; Tapered Edge; Low Profile10,00012,00044Accessories for Random Orbital Systems Request Info。
一种WLCSP元器件先进运输包装材料解决方案杨青【摘要】报道了一种用于WLCSP电子元器件的先进运输包装材料,即3M先进载带盖带技术.首先介绍了WLCSP元器件的特点及其对运输包装材料的特殊需求,重点介绍了3M先进载带和盖带技术针对这些需求的解决方案.由PC材质制作成的载带,其强度高、不易变形,能更好地保护元器件.特殊的一体化成型工艺提供了高尺寸精度载带,能更好地匹配元器件尺寸.专利性的设计方案既保护了元器件不易受损也保证了贴片的高效率.同时,3M洁净载带产品满足了WLCSP元器件的高洁净度要求.同时介绍了压敏型防粘盖带,其具有更稳定的剥离力,而且采用防粘材料也大大解决了元器件和盖带粘料的问题.【期刊名称】《电子与封装》【年(卷),期】2016(016)006【总页数】5页(P43-47)【关键词】WLCSP;载带;盖带【作者】杨青【作者单位】3M中国有限公司北方技术分公司,北京100176【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TN305.99WLCSP即晶圆级芯片封装方式,英文全称是Wafer Level Chip Scale Packaging,不同于传统的芯片封装方式(先切割再封测,而封装后至少增加原芯片20%的体积),此种最新技术是先在整片晶圆上进行封装和测试,然后才切割成一个个IC颗粒,因此封装后的体积即等同于IC裸芯片的尺寸.WLCSP元器件的优点有:(1)原芯片尺寸最小封装方式;(2)数据传输路径短、稳定性高;(3)散热性极佳.载带(Carrier Tape)如图1,是一种应用于电子包装领域的带状产品,它具有特定的厚度,在其长度方向上等距分布着用于承放电子元器件的孔穴(亦称口袋)和用于进行索引定位的定位孔.载带产品主要应用于电子元器件贴装工业.它配合盖带产品(上封带)使用,将电子元器件承载收纳在载带的口袋中,并通过在载带上方封合盖带形成闭合式的包装,用于保护电子元器件在运输途中不受污染和损坏.电子元器件在贴装时,盖带被剥离,自动贴装设备通过载带索引孔的精确定位,将口袋中盛放的元器件依次取出并贴放安装在集成电路板(PCB)上.从运输包装材料的角度看,WLCSP元器件对载带盖带材料提出了更高的要求,主要包括以下几点: (1)元器件薄且边角尖锐,遇撞击易破碎;(2)对环境洁净度要求高;(3)轻薄,易被静电或者粘性表面吸附.针对以上特点,3M在包装运输的载带盖带设计中特别注重了包装材料的强度、尺寸精确度、洁净度、静电耗散性和抗粘料性,本文将详细介绍3M的先进运输包装载带盖带材料.2.1 高强度载带材料3M载带选用聚碳酸酯(PC)作为原材料,相对于传统的聚苯乙烯(PS)材料,聚碳酸酯材料有更高的抗冲击强度、抗张强度和更好的热稳定性.表1是PC载带和PS载带之间的物理性能对比数据,从抗冲击强度和抗拉强度对比来看,PC材料的抗冲击强度是PS材料的16倍,抗拉强度也比PS高出大约35%.高强度的载带,在使用过程中对WLCSP元器件起到了很好的保护作用,主要体现在两点:第一,载带包装元器件后,成卷包装过程中不会发生由于口袋变形挤压而造成对元器件的损坏;第二,在运输过程中,元器件和载带会不断产生摩擦,高强度的载带减少了由于摩擦造成的载带表面磨损掉屑,避免元器件被污染.PC材料的热稳定性也远远高于PS材料,PC载带最高使用温度为125℃,而PS载带的最高使用温度为80℃.PC载带更适用于各种温度条件下的应用工艺,并且避免了运输过程中外界高温高湿环境下载带的变形对元器件造成的挤压.2.2 高尺寸精度包装载带载带的尺寸精度对元器件的保护和元器件收纳和贴片工艺的准确度和效率有重要的影响.载带的尺寸精度控制主要受两个方面的影响:一是原材料的加工性能,包括原材料的缩率和热变型温度;二是生产工艺能力,包括制作载带的模具设计、加工工艺控制等.载带的加工是一个树脂原材料的热成型过程,原材料收缩率越大,则表示材料从熔融态到固态成型过程中体积的变化率越大,成型后载带口袋的尺寸偏差也会大,这样尺寸精度就低;反之,如果材料的收缩率低,则制作的载带尺寸精度会越高.根据表1中聚碳酸酯和聚苯乙烯材料体积收缩率的数据可知,聚碳酸酯收缩率小于0.1%,说明在热成型过程中材料自身的体积变化很小,成型件的尺寸和磨具尺寸保持高度一致. 生产工艺方面,3M经过长期的经验积累,具有很好的载带生产工艺控制能力.首先是突出的设计能力,在载带设计阶段,运用2D和3D仿真模拟程序,保证载带口袋既有足够的空间便于元器件的取放,也能很好地控制元器件在口袋中的水平运动和反转,满足且超过了EIA国际标准的规格,如图2所示为EIA481-E标准即水平运动空间小于0.5 mm,元器件旋转角度小于20°,保证了元器件的收纳和贴片的准确性,提高了工作效率[1].对于特殊形状的元器件,2D模拟不能体现极限情况,进行3D动态模拟可以直观观察元器件在口袋中任何方向角度的运动,保证在极限情况下元器件在口袋中的稳定性.对于WLCSP的底部焊球,图3模拟了不同角度下焊球和口袋底孔的相对位置,有助于更合理地设计口袋底孔的大小,避免焊球被口袋底孔卡住.3M采用一体化成型的载带加工工艺,保证了载带生产稳定性、口袋底部平整性和厚度一致性,图4是3M工艺的载带和普通工艺载带口袋底部平整性的对比.3M载带尺寸精度控制极高,成型后口袋的尺寸精度可以达到±0.03mm,口袋孔直径最小可到0.15mm,提高了WLCSP元器件放入和取出的一致性.2.3 对元器件极佳的保护性WLCSP元器件厚度极薄,元器件的四角脆弱,很容易受冲击而破损.为了保护WLCSP 元器件,3M设计了特殊的口袋形状,保证元器件的四角和口袋壁之间有足够的空间,元器件在口袋中移动时,四角不会和口袋的四壁发生撞击,图5是特殊口袋设计图例. 由于WLCSP元器件厚度很薄,在普通载带中元器件有可能滑动出口袋(如图6所示),为了避免这种问题发生,3M设计了特殊的防滑动载带,增加了口袋之间的壁垒,避免元器件滑动(如图7所示).2.4 高洁净度载带材料WLCSP元器件对污染物和灰尘颗粒较敏感,其生产过程全部在无尘室中完成,同时其对包装材料的洁净度也有较高要求.通常,载带盖带材料对元器件的污染来自以下几种方式:(1)载带自身的离子析出可能会对元器件材料有腐蚀,从而影响功能;(2)载带上的毛刺、碎屑以及运输过程中由于摩擦而产生的颗粒同样也会附着在元器件上,这些颗粒杂质会影响元器件的贴装.3M载带采用低析出材料,避免了对元器件的污染.图8是3M载带材料和其他载带材料的离子析出数据,对于主要的强酸碱性离子,3M载带材料的析出量都小于目标值(5.0X10-6).图9是3M载带材料和其他类型载带材料耐磨擦性能的对比,3M载带材料有更佳的耐磨性,在相同的磨擦条件下质量损失更小,说明由于磨损而产生的颗粒杂质少.为了满足WLCSP元器件的高洁净度要求,3M建立了一条领先的洁净载带生产线,用于生产高洁净度载带产品3000BD系列,载带毛刺、碎屑比普通车间的产品少了90%,这种洁净载带还采用防静电袋独立包装.图10是3M洁净载带3000BD和普通载带进行对比,收集附着在两者上的碎屑杂质等颗粒物,可见3000BD产品杂质颗粒比普通载带少很多,有效保证了元器件的高洁净度.2.5 自粘型防粘料盖带材料3M为满足客户对表面贴装元器件编带包装的期望持续不断地提供各种极富创意的解决方案.1994年,3M推出了"压敏胶"(PSA)盖带产品,缩短了盖带产品的机器安装时间,降低了剥离力波动范围和平均剥离力,平稳的剥离力有效降低了贴片时元器件在口袋中的旋转和抛料风险,提高了整体性能(如图11).这种压敏胶盖带为传统的塑胶载带和盖带的封装方式提供了全新的解决方案.因此不再需要热封,仅仅需要盖带安装和压力[2].针对WLCSP元器件的包装盖带,3M开发了自粘型防粘盖带2698,这款盖带具有优异的机械强度、透光性和防静电性(见表2).2698盖带的一个重要特性是防粘料,将盖带和元器件之间的粘性降到最低,大大减少了在贴片过程中元器件被盖带吸附的问题.这种性能是由2698盖带的特殊结构决定的,最下层的防粘层具有防粘性和导电性特点,在使用过程中和元器件直接接触,对元器件的吸附非常低.表3是粘料性测试对比结果,可见和普通热压型盖带及冷压型盖带相比,2698盖带的粘料率最低,可以很好地防止元器件粘在盖带上.测试条件:(1)25颗元器件0.59 mg/颗;(2)环境温湿度:230℃/67%H.测试方法:(1)25颗元器件放在纸上;(2)2698盖带附着在晶片上,然后盖在元器件上;(3)在上面施压压力静止一定时间;(4)从元器件上移走盖带,计算被盖带粘起的元器件颗数.3M载带盖带产品,为WLCSP元器件的运输包装提供了解决方案,为元器件提供了高强度的保护、高尺寸精确度的口袋设计、超高洁净度的环境以及良好的静电耗散性和抗粘料性.杨青(1979-),女,河北人,硕士研究生,电子材料应用资深工程师,主要从事半导体、电子移动终端市场的电子材料研究工作,包括包装、粘接、屏蔽、导热、光学材料等.【相关文献】[1]ApprovedAmericanNationalStandard/Electronic Industries Alliance(ANSI/EIA)481 Revision E;8mm Through 200 mm Embossed Carrier Taping and 8 mm&12mmPunchedCarrierTapingofSurfaceMount Components for Automatic Handling[S].July 29,2008.[2]James T Adams.为电子元器件包装提供先进的盖带技术---3M通用盖带[J].中国集成电路,2007,9:63-71.。
