The Handsome and Deformed Leg
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bald 秃顶的bobbed短卷发的Big-featured 五官较大的Double-chinned 双下巴的High-cheekboned 颧骨很高Sharp-featured 五官分明的Well-featured 五官端正的Pimpled 有粉刺的Rosy/ruddy红润的Freckled 有雀斑的Wrinkled 起皱纹的Double-faced 两面派的Well-Shaped 好看的Wrinkled/Furrowe有皱纹的CHEEK 脸颊Bloated 浮肿的Dimpled 有酒窝的Flabby 松弛的Flushed 发红的Protruding 凸出的Pallid 苍白的BEARD/MOUSTACHE/SIDEBURNS 胡子Bushy 浓密的Bristly 又硬又粗的Dense/thick 密密麻麻的Matted 凌乱的Stubbly 又短又粗的CHIN 下巴Clear-cut 线条清楚的Jutting/thrusting 凸出的Rounded 滚圆的Sagging 下陷的Full 又胖又圆的EYES 眼睛句形同上Beadlike 小而亮的Bulging 突出的Close-set 离得近的Deep-sunken 深陷的Dewy 水灵灵的Fishlike 呆板的Slanting 斜的Watery 水汪汪的Wide-spaced 分得很开的Related phrases:An eye for an eye 以眼还眼Give sb. A black eye 把某人打得鼻青眼肿See eye to eye with sb. 意见一致EYEBROW 眉毛Arched 弯弯的Bushy 浓密的Crescent 月牙形的Rugged 疏密不均的Shapely 秀丽的Slanted 成八字的Upturned 向上翘的EYELID 眼皮Double-edged 双眼皮的Drooping 下垂的Single-edged 单眼皮的Swollen 膨肿的LIP 嘴唇Clear-cut 轮廓分明的Curled-up 上翘的Flaccid 松弛的Amorous/sexy 性感的Ripe 红润饱满的Sensuous 有美感的Well-cut 形状好看的MOUTH 嘴Full/generous 饱满的Luscious 肉感的Shapeless 难看的Tender 柔和的Badmouth sb. 说某人坏话Be down in the mouth 无精打采的TOOTH 牙齿Capped 包过的Even 整齐的Gapped 有间隙的Jagged 参差不齐的Protruding 突出的Uneven 高低不平的Armed to the teeth 全副武装Be long in the tooth 年龄大NOSE 鼻子Aquiline/hooked 鹰钩形的Flat 扁平的High-bridged 高鼻梁的Upturned 朝天的Pointed 尖尖的Be led by the nose 被牵着鼻子走Under one’s nose 当着面Be nosy 好打听的EAR 耳朵?Cauliflower 招风耳的Drooping 耷拉下垂的Long-lobed 耳垂很长的Velvet 柔软的Prick up one’s ear 竖起耳?Be all ears 聚精会神地听Be wet behind the ears 乳臭未干? NECK 脖子Slender 纤细的Squat 又短又粗的Stiff 挺立的Bull 粗壮的neck and neck 不相上下get in the neck 倒霉遭殃SHOULDER 肩膀Broad 宽阔的Drooping 塌肩的Hollow 没胸肌的Hunched 隆起的Sloping 斜的Square 宽而结实的Rub shoulders with sb. 与某人为伍Shoulder to shoulder 并肩CHEST 胸Bulging 饱满的Hairy 毛茸茸的Thick 结实的Broad 宽阔的BELLY 肚子Bulging 突出的Paunchy 大腹便便的Flat 平的Slim 苗条的Belly laugh (n.) 捧腹大笑? BACK 背Brawny 结实的Burly 粗壮的Rounded 丰满结实的Slender 苗条的Straight 挺立的Rigid 僵硬的Turn one’s back on sb. 不理不睬Stab sb. In the back 下黑手WAIST 腰Wasplike 蜂腰般的Slender/slim 苗条的ARMS 手臂Brawny 结实的Flabby 皮肉松弛的Muscular 肌肉发达的Muscle-corded 肌肉突出的Arm in arm 挽臂Keep sb. At arm’s l ength 疏远某人Welcome sb. With open arms 热烈欢迎WRIST 手腕Blue-veined 青筋暴出的Heavy/thick 粗壮的Slim 纤细的Weak 无力的?HAND 手Bony 瘦骨嶙峋的Callous 又老茧的Chapped 皴裂的Deformed 畸形的Gnarled 多节的Stubby 短而粗的Give sb. a big hand 鼓掌A green hand 新手Get the upper hand of sth./sb. 占上风? Get out of hand 失控FINGERS 手指Crooked 扭曲的Pointed 尖尖的Stubby 粗短的Tapering 上粗下细的Get one’s finger burnt 吃苦头Have a finger in every pie 染指,插手FINGERNAILS 指甲Brittle 易碎的Manicured 修剪过的Pointed 尖的sharp 尖而锋利的FIST 拳头Heavy 厚实的Hard-knuckled 硬的Rocklike 石头般的?HIPS 臀部Flabby 松弛的Plump 丰满的Slim 苗条的Swaying 晃动的Trim 好看的LEG 腿Bandy 膝外弯的?Bowed 弓形的Shapely 匀称的Spindle 细长的Graceful 美的?Pull one’s leg 开玩笑Give sb. A leg up 帮助某人FOOT 脚Broad 宽的Delicate 纤巧的Sweaty 多汗的Veined 青筋突出的Thick 厚脚板的Get cold feet 畏怯Get one’s feet in the door 开端,渗入MUSCLE 肌肉Big 大块的Flaccid 松弛的Taut 绷紧的Well-defined 好看的Well-strung 发达的Not move a muscle 不动声色SKIN 皮肤Chapped 皴裂的Cracked 干裂的Fair 白皙的Greasy/oily 油性的?Loose 松弛的Puffy 浮肿的Tanned 晒黑的外貌:roman nose鹰钩鼻double双下巴plump丰满的comely好看的pretty漂亮的freckles雀斑overweight过重slim苗条cute可爱handsome英俊的fair白皙的swarthy黝黑的wrinkles皱纹ugly丑陋的knockouts帅dark skin黑皮goatee山羊胡子potbelly大肚皮lean as a rake骨瘦如柴bald forehead秃顶bald脱发的hair is in a ponytail梳马尾辫straight直发thick hair发密has bangs留了刘海whiskers落腮胡子moustache小胡子a pair of moustaches八字胡full beard;long beard大胡子middle-aged高鼻梁warm,kind热情的,仁慈的friend,lovely友好的,好客的generous大方的,慷慨的polite有礼貌的straighforward坦率的,老实的independent独立的easy-going随和的,好相处的humorous富有幽默感的optimistic开朗的,乐观的self-confident自信的cold,unkind冷淡的sloppy邋遢的simple头脑简单的shy害羞的bullheaded顽固的extroverted外向的arrogant傲慢的tricky狡猾的fussy爱挑剔的giddy轻浮的self-willed任性的meddlesome爱管闲事的nasty心地坏的introverted内向的外貌:roman nose鹰钩鼻double双下巴plump丰满的comely好看的pretty漂亮的freckles雀斑overweight过重slim苗条cute可爱handsome英俊的fair白皙的swarthy黝黑的wrinkles皱纹ugly丑陋的knockouts帅dark skin黑皮goatee山羊胡子potbelly大肚皮lean as a rake骨瘦如柴bald forehead秃顶bald脱发的hair is in a ponytail梳马尾辫straight直发thick hair发密has bangs留了刘海whiskers落腮胡子moustache小胡子a pair of moustaches八字胡full beard;long beard大胡子middle-aged高鼻梁warm,kind热情的,仁慈的friend,lovely友好的,好客的generous大方的,慷慨的polite有礼貌的straighforward坦率的,老实的independent独立的easy-going随和的,好相处的humorous富有幽默感的optimistic开朗的,乐观的self-confident自信的cold,unkind冷淡的sloppy邋遢的simple头脑简单的shy害羞的bullheaded顽固的extroverted外向的arrogant傲慢的tricky狡猾的fussy爱挑剔的giddy轻浮的self-willed任性的meddlesome爱管闲事的nasty心地坏的introverted内向的[文档可能无法思考全面,请浏览后下载,另外祝您生活愉快,工作顺利,万事如意!]。
英语作文关于这是不是一个看脸的世界全文共5篇示例,供读者参考篇1Is The World All About Looks?Have you ever heard the saying "Don't judge a book by its cover"? Well, I think a lot of people judge other people by how they look on the outside instead of what's on the inside. My big brother told me the world can be a really lookist place, which means some people think good-looking people are better or more valuable than not-so-good-looking people. I'm not sure if I totally agree, but I've definitely noticed some examples of lookism.In the movies and TV shows, the main characters are almost always really pretty or handsome people. The bad guys are often ugly or deformed in some way. It makes it seem like attractive people are better than unattractive people. Even in kids' movies, the heroes and heroines are cute and the villains are ugly! Maybe that's just because movie makers think beautiful actors and actresses help sell more tickets. But it can send the wrong message.I've also noticed that some adults seem to pay more attention to good-looking kids than kids who don't look as cute or stylish. Like when we had that visitor from the school district come observe our class, she complimented Jessica on her pretty hair and dress but didn't say anything about how the rest of us looked. Jessica is really nice, but I don't think she should be treated any better than the rest of us just because of her looks.Some of the older kids at school get teased a lot about their appearance too. Like Becky, who is kind of overweight and has frizzy hair and acne. The mean kids call her cruel names and make fun of how she looks. That's not fair at all because Becky is actually a really smart and friendly person once you get to know her. If everyone just focused on her inner qualities instead of her outer appearance, they'd see that.My parents taught me not to judge people based on what's on the outside because that's not the most important thing. They said I should care more about whether a person is kind, honest, hard-working, and a good friend. Looks can be deceiving - a pretty face doesn't automatically mean someone is a good person on the inside. And an unattractive person on the outside could actually be one of the sweetest people you'll ever meet.Still, I can't help but notice that good-looking people do seem to get more attention and better treatment in some ways. Like that time I was at the mall with my mom and we went into a store. The salesgirl was really nice and helpful to my mom, but then a few minutes later when an attractive woman came into the store, the salesgirl stopped helping my mom and went over to wait on the prettier customer instead. My mom didn't seem too bothered by it, but I thought it was rude of the salesgirl to ditch my mom like that just because of how the other shopper looked.And in movies and TV shows, the beautiful heroines always get the handsome princes or leading men while the geeky, awkward girl characters rarely get boyfriends. It makes it seem like your value and ability to find love is all about your physical attractiveness, when in real life I know there are a lot of happily married people who aren't models or gorgeous-looking.In fairy tales too, the heroes and heroines are always described as drop-dead gorgeous while the evil stepsisters or witches are ugly old hags. No wonder some girls grow up thinking that in order to be loved or successful they have to be beautiful! Those stories send the wrong messages about what's really important.I have a friend whose mom is a fashion model, and let me tell you, she is one of the most shallow, self-absorbed people I've ever met. All she seems to care about is her looks and buying expensive clothes and makeup. She's certainly pretty on the outside, but to me she's not a very nice person because of how vain and materialistic she can be. My own mom, who doesn't wear much makeup or designer clothes, may not wow people with her beauty, but her inner beauty of kindness and caring shines through so much more.At the same time, I do understand that people can't help how they look when they're born. And I'm sure for some unfortunate people who were born with physical disabilities or disfigurements, it's probably really hard not to be judged for something that's out of their control. I have a lot of respect for those people who are able to rise above the lookism and show their amazing inner strength of character.I'm not saying that attractive people are bad or that there's anything wrong with caring about your appearance. My aunt is a very beautiful woman, but she's also extremely caring, charitable and never looks down on other people for being less beautiful than her. True beauty, in my opinion, is when you are a good person inside and out.In an ideal world, people would judge each other solely based on their inner qualities like their personality, values, talents and good deeds. We'd all be able to look past the external packaging and see the real human being underneath, without getting blinded by prettiness or ugliness on the surface. Unfortunately though, it does seem like our society still places a pretty high premium on physical appearance and attractiveness, even if it's not something we like to admit.I'm certainly going to try my best not to be a lookist person when I grow up. I'm going to keep an open mind toward people from all walks of life, no matter what they look like on the outside. And I'm going to teach my future kids that true beauty lies in here - by putting my hand on my heart. If more people focused on the contents of a person's character instead of their outer appearance, we'd probably be a lot better off as a society. The world shouldn't be a lookist place that judges people based on their looks alone. We're all human beings equally deserving of respect, no matter how attractive or unattractive we may seem.篇2Is This a Looks-Obsessed World?The other day, my best friend Timmy and I were playing basketball at the park. Timmy is really tall for his age and has cool reddish hair. I'm kind of short and have boring brown hair. We were having a great time until these older kids came along. They started teasing me about being so little. "What's the matter, shrimp? Can't reach the hoop?" they laughed. They didn't say anything mean to Timmy though.That got me thinking - do people just like Timmy better because he's better looking than me? Is the whole world obsessed with how people look on the outside instead of what's on the inside? I decided to investigate and see if being judged by your appearance is really a big problem.First, I looked at TV shows and movies. It seems like all the heroes and cool characters are really pretty or handsome. The bad guys are often ugly or deformed in some way. Is that sending the message that good-looking people are good and ugly people are bad? That doesn't seem very fair to me. Looks aren't everything.Then I started paying attention to how grownups act. I noticed that waiters and store clerks sometimes act nicer to better looking customers. Maybe they think those people will leave bigger tips or buy more stuff. My dad, who is bald with apotbelly, gets treated pretty rudely sometimes which I don't think is right. My mom, who is beautiful, gets way better service most places she goes.In my class at school, I could see that the popular kids tend to be the cutest ones. The biggest bullies pick on kids they decide aren't cool or attractive enough to be in their crowd. That's so mean! No one has the right to make others feel bad about themselves for something as insignificant as their appearance.On the internet, I found studies showing that good-looking people get better jobs and higher pay. They're more likely to get chosen for dates too. That seems completely backwards to me. Shouldn't capability, qualifications, and personality be most important when it comes to careers? And I thought we were supposed to like someone's inner qualities when dating, not just how they look.The more I looked into it, the more examples I found of humans being shallow and judgemental based on physical appearance alone. It made me feel disappointed in the world. Why should anyone be made to feel less valuable or inferior just because of the way they look? That's not the way I was raised to treat others.I decided to ask my parents what they thought about this looks-obsession. Dad said the unfair focus on appearance has always existed in human societies, but maybe it's gotten worse recently thanks to media and advertising overemphasizing physical perfection. Mom agreed, saying the unrealistic beauty standards promoted everywhere these days can make anyone feel inadequate.Mom also reminded me that true beauty is about what's inside - integrity, kindness, resilience, empathy and other noble human qualities. Dad said he's always valued those inner traits above anything as superficial as outward appearance. They encouraged me to appreciate my unique traits and natural self, without feeling pressured to conform to distorted media ideals of attractiveness.I realized that my wonderful parents are proof that not everyone buys into the looks-obsession. Their advice motivated me to be more accepting of myself and others. We're all imperfect human beings, but that's what makes each of us special and beautiful in our own ways.From now on, I'm going to try hard not to judge my peers solely based on their looks. I'll get to know them as whole individuals first. And I hope the grownup world will eventuallyevolve past the shallow practice of discriminating against people for trivial reasons like height, weight, baldness or facial features. Those superficial things really shouldn't matter so much.Instead, we need to value each other's character, talents, efforts and hearts. Humans are so much more than just their outer appearance. If we could all start appreciating our inner beauty and that of others, it would make the world a far kinder, more just and accepting place. I may only be a kid, but I believe looking past the surface and embracing true self-worth is how we'll create a better future.篇3Is This a Looks-Obsessed World?Hi there! My name is Emma and I'm 10 years old. My teacher Mrs. Thompson asked us to write about whether we think modern society cares too much about how people look on the outside instead of what's on the inside. It's a really interesting question to think about!In my opinion, I do feel like there is a huge focus on appearances and being "beautiful" according to certain standards in the world today. Everywhere I look, I see advertisements and messages that seem to say you have to bethin, have perfect skin, shiny hair, and look a particular way to be considered pretty or handsome.The commercials, TV shows, movies, and even some books and video games often feature mainly very attractive people. It makes it seem like only people who look like models or celebrities are valued and seen as important. I hardly ever see "regular" everyday people represented unless it's for a joke about their appearance.Even toy companies make most of their dolls super skinny with tiny bodies and perfect makeup. As a kid, it makes me wonder if there's something wrong with my own body that doesn't look like that. I've overheard some girls my age saying mean things about their looks or another girl's looks. It makes me sad that we're picking up that attitudes about judging people so much by their outside appearance at such a young age.I also notice adults, especially women, spending a lot of time and money on beauty products, cosmetic surgery, trendy diets, and treatments like Botox to change how they look and appear more youthful. My mom gets beauty magazine subscriptions and there are always ads and articles giving tips on how to cover up flaws and imperfections. It's like the message is that women have to go to extremes to be considered attractive and valuable.In my opinion, obsessing over looks that much is not healthy or a good thing. My grandma grew up in a different time and she tells me that back then, people focused a lot more on your character, how you treated others, your values and actions rather than just judging someone only by their outside appearance.Don't get me wrong, there's nothing wrong with wanting to look nice, wear fun outfits, get a cute haircut or wear some makeup if that makes you feel good about yourself. The problem is when people get judged as being less worthy or valuable just because of how they look. Everyone is unique and beautiful in their own way. We should spend more time cultivating what's inside - being a good friend, person and student.I have a friend named Hannah who has a physical disability that affects her mobility, and sometimes kids make mean comments about how she walks or moves differently. That makes me really sad because Hannah is one of the nicest, smartest, most caring people I know. Her inner qualities like her kindness, creativity and sense of humor are what matter, not what her body looks like on the outside. Sadly, I know she gets really self-conscious about her looks because kids can be so mean about it sometimes.In my family, my dad is bald but my mom always tells him he's still as handsome as ever to her because of his great sense of humor, intelligence and amazing way he loves our family. My older brother Sam has some acne which kids tease him about, even though he's really good at sports, art and tells the funniest jokes.To me, the most beautiful people are the ones who are good human beings on the inside - those who are caring, hardworking, brave, honest and use their unique talents to help make the world a bit better in whatever way they can. Things like how someone treats others, whether they're a loyal friend, how they face challenges with courage and if they're a good person on the inside are way more important than just outer appearances. A person's looks fade over time as we all get older anyway, so it just doesn't make sense to value that so much over inner substance and character.I really hope that in the future, society can put more focus on celebrating each person's uniqueness - our diverse cultures, backgrounds, interests, skills and personalities rather than just promoting one narrow idea of what is considered attractive. People are like flowers - we all bloom in our own beautiful way. If we could accept and appreciate that variety and quit judging somuch just based on looks alone, I think the world would be a happier, kinder and more interesting place overall.So in my opinion, yes, our world right now does seem a little too obsessed with putting so much value just on how people look rather than who they are on the inside. But maybe if we can start changing that way of thinking from a young age, the future could be a lot brighter where every person's inner beauty shines just as much, if not more, than their outer appearance.篇4Is This a Looks-Obsessed World?Do you ever feel like everyone only cares about how you look on the outside instead of who you really are on the inside? I think a lot about this because it seems like everywhere I go, people are judging me and others based on our appearances. It makes me kind of sad and frustrated. Let me tell you about some of the things I've noticed.At school, it feels like the popular kids are always the really good-looking ones. The super cute girls and the super handsome boys get treated like celebrities. Everyone wants to be their friend and teachers seem to like them more too, even if they act kinda mean sometimes. Maybe it's because they'reconfident from everyone telling them how pretty and hot they are all the time. But what about the kids who are nice and smart but not considered attractive? A lot of them get ignored or even bullied just for the way they look. That doesn't seem fair at all!It's not just at school either. When I'm out with my parents, I see grown-ups treating people differently based on looks too. At restaurants, the hot waitresses and handsome waiters seem to get bigger tips, even if they're not very good servers. And you should see how some cashiers and salesclerks are super smiley to customers they think are good-looking, but kind of rude to ones who aren't as attractive. My mom says it's because they think the pretty people will give them better reviews or complaints if they're not nice to them. Isn't that crazy?The worst place for this looks-obsession has to be TV, movies, and social media though. Most of the actors, models, and influencers you see are soooooo beautiful. Like, unrealistically, mind-blowingly gorgeous. With their perfect hair, flawless skin, and toned bodies, no normal person can compete! And these are the people and images we're shown over and over as examples of who we should all want to be. No wonder kids and teens these days have so many insecurities and body imageissues. I know I've definitely felt crummy about my looks before after watching certain shows or going online.But here's what really bothers me the most. Why should someone's value be determined by how they look on the outside? Isn't what's on the inside supposed to matter way more? I have friends who aren't considered physically attractive at all, but they're hilarious, loyal, talented, and all-around awesome people. Yet our society treats them like they're less important just because of their appearances. That's messed up!Some people might say "Well, that's just human nature to be drawn to good-looking people." Maybe on a basic level, yeah. But I think a lot of this looks-obsession is really driven by the media, advertising, and unhealthy beauty standards. They're constantly shoving pictures and videos of "perfection" in our faces until we start believing that's how we all need to look. And then we feel insufficient if we don't measure up, and judge others the same way. It's a vicious cycle fueled by companies trying to make money by making us feel insecure so we'll buy their products and services to look better.Personally, I'm trying really hard not to buy into that mentality. I want to appreciate my friends, family, and other awesome people for their inner qualities like kindness, integrity,creativity, hard work, and having a good heart. Those are the things that really make someone a valuable person, not the shape of their nose or if they have a flat stomach. And I think more people should focus on that instead.Sure, putting effort into your grooming and presentation is fine. But being obsessed with looks above all else and judging others for their appearances is toxic behavior. It makes our world a lot more shallow, judgmental, and insecure. I want to live in a society where we prioritize deeper human virtues and celebrate individuality, not punish anyone who doesn't conform to unrealistic beauty standards. A person's character, actions, and the content of their mind and heart is what truly matters, not their face or body.So yeah, I do think this is a looks-obsessed world in many ways. But I also believe it's something we can try to change by shifting our values and priorities. We just have to keep calling it out as wrong whenever we see it happening, and make surewe're not judging others hypocritically while we're at it. Maybe if we all make an effort, future generations won't be solooks-focused anymore. At least, that's what I hope for our world. What do you think? I'd love to hear your perspective!篇5Here's an essay about whether it's a looks-based world, written from the perspective of an elementary school student in English. The length is approximately 2,000 words.Is It a Looks-Based World?Hi there! My name is Emily, and I'm a 10-year-old girl who loves learning about the world around me. Today, I want to talk about something that's been on my mind a lot lately: is it a looks-based world?You see, the other day, my friend Sarah and I were playing in the park when a group of older kids walked by. One of them pointed at Sarah and said something mean about her appearance. Sarah started crying, and I felt really bad for her. It made me wonder why some people think it's okay to judge others based on how they look.I've noticed that a lot of people seem to care a lot about looks. In movies and TV shows, the main characters are usually very good-looking. And when I scroll through social media, I see a lot of people posting pictures of themselves and talking about how they look. Sometimes, it even seems like people care more about looks than anything else.But is that really fair? I mean, we can't all be supermodels or movie stars, right? And even if we could, I don't think that's what really matters in life.When I think about the people I admire most, it's not because of how they look. It's because of who they are as people. My grandma, for example, is one of the kindest and most loving people I know. She always has time to listen to me and give me advice. And my teacher, Mr. Thompson, is really patient and makes learning fun. I don't care what they look like – I just care about how they treat me and others.I also think that focusing too much on looks can be really harmful. I've heard about people developing eating disorders or getting plastic surgery because they felt like they weren'tgood-looking enough. And I've seen kids get bullied or made fun of because of their appearance. That's just not right.Instead of judging people based on how they look, I think we should focus on what's really important: their character, their talents, and their actions. Someone who is kind, hardworking, and makes the world a better place is way more admirable than someone who's just good-looking.Of course, I'm not saying that we should never care about our appearance at all. It's okay to want to look nice and feelconfident in ourselves. But we shouldn't obsess over it or think that it's the only thing that matters.In my opinion, the world would be a much better place if we stopped judging people based on their looks and started focusing on what really matters. We should celebrate each other's unique qualities and talents, and treat everyone with kindness and respect, no matter what they look like.So, to answer the question: is it a looks-based world? I don't think it has to be. It's up to us to change that way of thinking and create a more accepting and inclusive world for everyone.What do you think? Do you agree with me, or do you have a different perspective? I'd love to hear your thoughts!。
平行结构对比在英汉语篇中的应用发表时间:2016-02-29T10:22:36.723Z 来源:《中学课程辅导.教学研究》2015年11月上供稿作者:李华[导读] 平行结构是英汉语篇中共有的一种十分常用的修辞手段,它能够起到表达思想、增强气势、抒发感情、阐明观点的作用,常用于诗歌、散文以及演讲中。
摘要:平行结构是英汉语篇中共有的一种十分常用的修辞手段,它能够起到表达思想、增强气势、抒发感情、阐明观点的作用,常用于诗歌、散文以及演讲中。
平行结构在翻译中都有不同的表达。
关键词:平行结构;英汉语篇;翻译 Parallelism是英语当中十分常见的修辞手段,长期以来,它被等同于我们汉语中的“排比”,这就体现了我们对Parallelism认识上的混淆。
的确,两者很相似,但不同点不能忽视。
下面,笔者就二者的异同进行讨论,在论述中将二者统称为“平行结构”。
一、英汉平行结构的相同点二者都需要一连串的结构意义相似、平行均衡排列的成分或句子。
二、词组的平行排列在英语和汉语中,平行结构的成分都可以是词组或短语。
例如在英语中可以是介词短语、动词短语、名词短语、不定式短语等等;在汉语中则有主谓词组、动宾词组、介宾词组等等。
例1.…that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.(the Gettysburg Address) 例2.我挣扎,我苦斗,我几次濒于灭亡,我带了遍体的鳞伤。
(巴金《再见罢,我不幸的乡土呦》) 例1中的介词短语和例2中的主谓词组都是平行结构的成分。
1.句子的平行排列平行结构的内容都可以是句子,既有单句的平行排列(例3),也有复句的平行排列(例4)。
例3.在这里我看见了种种人间的悲剧,在这里我认识了我们所处的时代,在这里我身受了各种的痛苦。
(Here I have seen various tragedies on earth, I have known the period we live, and I have suffered lots of pains.)(巴金《再见罢,我不幸的乡土呦》) 例4.Well may the world cherish his renown, for it has been purchased, not by deeds of violence and blood, but by the diligent dispensation of pleasure. Well may the posterity be grateful to his memory, for he has left it an inheritance, not of empty names and sounding actions, but whole treasures of wisdom, bright gems of thought, and golden veins of language.(Washington Irving Westminster Abbey)2.提携语英汉平行结构还经常会出现“提携语”,它是指在平行结构里各个项目中重复出现的词语。