基本句型一 主语+系动词+表语

英语的句子有6种基本结构1．主语＋系动词＋表语（A is B.）[例句] 哈佛是最早接受中国留学生的美国大学之一。

Harvard is among the first American universities to accept Chinese students.2．主语＋及物动词＋宾语（A does B.）[例句]这些传统，对今天中国人的价值观念、生活方式和中国的发展道路，具有深刻的影响。

These traditions have exerted a profound impact on the values and way of life of the Chinese people, and on China’s road of development today.3．主语＋不及物动词（A leaves.）[例句]1847年，中国最早的一批留美学生容闳等人赴美求学。

In 1847, Chinese student Rong Hong and others came to the United States as the first group of Chinese students to study here.4．主语＋及物动词＋双宾语（间接宾语指人，直接宾语指物）（A gives B something.）[例句]昨天，我参观了国际商用机器公司、美国电话电报公司和贝尔实验室，领略了当代科技发展的前沿成就。

My visit to IBM, AT&T and the Bell laboratory yesterday gave me some first-hand knowledge of the latest successes in modern science and technology.5．主语＋及物动词＋复合宾语（即宾语＋宾语补足语）（A tells B to do something）[例句]今天，正在为实现现代化而奋斗的中国人民，把对外开放作为一项基本国策。

句型五，主语+谓语+宾语+宾补
该句型的谓语动词是宾补动词，要接宾语和宾语补足语。宾语和宾语补足语合称 复合宾语。 eg: I very much hope that this new medium will make my Christmas message more personal and direct. They appointed John chairman. I believe him to be true. You leave the door open.
二、表示主语由一种状态转变为另一种状态：become grow get turn fall go come turn make run等 (一些系动词和形容词连用一般具有固定搭配的关系) eg: The leaf will turn yellow in autumn. The teacher became angry. The girl will make a nurse. Our supplies of sugar and rice fell short. I’ve got to return the book this afternoon; it falls overdue a week. The dream has come true. 三、表示主语表示某种状态：continue remain stay keep hold rest prove等 eg: He has fallen into the habit of doing morning exercises to stay healthy. 不能说成stay healthily，因为副词不能作表语。 If you don’t stay busy, you die. 如果你不勤奋就等于死亡。 You may rest assured that he will come to the party.尽管放心，他会来参加聚会。 The weather continued fine for several days. He held silent for the whole day.

Exercise
1. He is studying. 主语 谓语 2. The teachers love us. 主语 谓语 宾语 3. You showed us your photos. 主语 谓语 间宾 直宾 will ask me to jump. 4. Tom will ask me to jump. 主语 谓语 宾语 宾补 5. They can sing well. 主语 谓语 状语
英 语 五 种 基 本 句 型
1. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语 2. 主语 + 谓语 3. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 4. 主语 + 谓语 + 间宾 + 直宾 5. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾补
五种基本句型
1. 主语 系动词 表语 (SVC) 主语+系动词 表语: 系动词+表语
He is a student. His face turned red. The apple tastes sweet. The soldier keeps still.
分 析 句 子 结 构
1. His father is a good cook.
主系表
2. She is watering the flowers. 主谓宾 3. You can sing and dance. 主谓 4. We will buy him a book. 5. These books are good. 6. Jack wants me to dance. 7. She has an old car. 8. It’s my duty to help you. 主谓双宾 主系表 主谓宾宾 主谓宾 主系表

基本句型常见的英语基本句型通常有五种结构形式，它们分别是:主语＋系动词＋表语；主语＋谓语动词＋（状语）；主语＋谓语动词＋宾语；主语＋谓语动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语主语＋谓语动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语一、主语＋系动词＋表语（一）主语+系动词+名词例如：A friend to everybody is a friend to nobody.Tom was once a newspaper reporter.My children are a great comfort to me.She is no grammarian.Their is no easy task.Note:在本句型中，用作表语的名词和否定形容词“no”连用，构成否定句，但这种否定句和用否定副词“not”所构成的否定句不同。

试比较：He is no scholar.他不大识字。

He is not a scholar.他不是学者。

（二）主语＋系动词＋代词例如：The cat climbing up the stairs is not yours; it's mine.It is something quite unusual.How much is it?（三）主语＋系动词＋形容词（＋介词短语）在本句型中，常见的有以下几种结构。

A)主语＋系动词＋形容词（＋介词短语）例如：My trip to France was most pleasant.Are you angry at my words?Our boss is quite content with his present position.B)主语＋系动词＋以“a”开头的表语形容词（＋介词短语）例如：Miss Cathy and her sister are quite alike in appearance.He was not quite aware of the consequence of his decision.Note:本句型中，常用的这类形容词有：ablaze, abroad, adrift, aflame, afloat, afraid, alight, alive, alone, ashamed, asleep,awake等。