Public Perceptions of Pricing Existing Roads and Other Transportation Policies The Texas Pe

阅读理解1. 阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容，完成相应的选择题。

Road Closure Procedures in SydneyTo minimize traffic jams in the city center and on major roads out of Sydney, the City's highway department will not agree to road closures scheduled for weekdays or Saturdays. On minor roads outside the city center, weekdays and Saturdays may be considered. You must apply for approval to do roadwork and other road-related activities, tree cutting and use of very large construction machinery, ladders, etc. Please note that approval is needed if you plan to block the road or footpath.Applications to have a road closed to traffic must be completed and sent to the Department's Traffic Calming Committee at least a month before the scheduled date.Roads can be closed partially or fully, depending on your requirements. Partial road closures are only allowed in light traffic areas where there will be at least 1 lane for traffic with extra traffic control measures to make sure 2-way traffic can continue to run for the duration of the work. Any change of traffic flow will require the proposal to be treated as a full road closure. For further information about a partial road closure, please refer to Contacts.If you are organizing a parade, march or other type of street-based event, approval is also required and we recommend you choose one of our 4 preferred routes. Choosing an existing route reduces the amount of planning you will need to do.操作提示：通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。

Unit 1Opening Administration to the PublicCitizens of Bengbu City, Anhui Province, now have the opportunity to be a visitor at municipal(市政的) government meetings, thanks to the government's recent efforts to open its administration-adopting t he Measures for Inviting Citizens to listen to the Administrative Mee ting, which （生效，实施）on December 16, 2001. 安徽省蚌埠市的群众现在有机会出席旁听市政府的召开的会议了，这主要是得益于市政府最近采用并制定的开放式行政管理的措施而邀请市民出席旁听政府的一些行政管理方面的会议。

Ten citizens are invited to be present at each meeting on adminis trative affairs行政事务. The number of citizen listeners invited to very important meeting can vary. The listeners can be deputies（代表） to the city's people's congress, members of the local committee of t he Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, personages（要人，名流） of democratic parties, members of the Association of Indus try and Commerce and others. They must be at least 18 years of age, a nd willingly to be a visitor at the meeting.邀请出席每一次行政事务会议旁听的市民，受邀旁听市民的人数是根据会议的重要程度而定的。

EVs to increase in public transport公共领域车辆全面电动化先行区试点启动China aims to increase the share of electric vehicles in the public transport system to 80 percent in key areas, including bus and taxi services, by 2025, as the country accelerates its efforts to promote green transformation amid booming new energy vehicle development.According to a pilot plan from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and seven other ministries, China will speed up the full electrification of vehicles used in public transportation between 2023 and 2025, and the building of a charging and swapping infrastructure system that is "moderately advanced, well-balanced, intelligent and efficient".随着中国在蓬勃兴起的新能源汽车发展中加快促进绿色转型，到2025年，中国在公交车和出租车服务等公共交通系统的关键领域，新能源汽车比例将力争达到80%。

根据工业和信息化部等七部门的试点方案，2023年至2025年，中国将加快实现公共交通车辆全面电动化，建成“适度超前、布局均衡、智能高效”的充换电基础设施体系。

中国政治2010年远景目标the long-range objectives through the Year 2010把握正确的舆论导向maintain a correct orientation for public opinion拨乱反正set things right 不屈不饶unyieldingly 长治久安the lasting political stability承前启后，继往开来inherit past traditions and break new grounds for the future大胆实践be bold in practice大起大落drastic fluctuations 当家作主be the masters of the country独立自主，自力更生independence and self-reliance 法定人数quorum 翻天覆地earth-shaking繁荣富强prosperous and strong 改善生态环境improve the ecological environment共同致富原则the principle of common prosperity 国家宏观调控state macro-control国民素质的提高the enhancement of the quality of the entire population积极推进各项配套改革press ahead with all the supportive reforms 基本国策the basic state policy 基本路线the basic line 基层工作grass-roots work 基层监督grass-roots supervision积极进取take the initiative to make progress 基层民主democracy at the grassroots level基层组织organizations at the grass-roots level加快发展speed up development继承前人（成果）inherit the achievements of predecessors 寄予厚望place high hopes on坚持团结一切可以团结的力量unite with all forces that can be united with十届全国人大二次会议the Second Session of the Tenth National People’s Congress廉政，勤政，务实，高效的政府an honest, diligent, pragmatic and efficient government两个文明一起抓place equal emphasis on material and ethical progress两手抓两手都要硬We must address ourselves to the problem of both material and spiritual civilization (both material as well as culture and ideological progress ) without any letup.民族工作，宗教工作和侨务工作the work relating to ethnic minorities, religions and overseas Chinese 普选制general election system 全国人大代表deputy to the National People’s Congress全国人口普查nationwide census 全国人民代表大会National People’s Congress (NPC)全国人民代表大会常务委员会the NPC Standing Committee全国人民代表大会主席团the NPC Presidium施政纲领administrative program三个代表three represents theory (three represents refer to: The party must always represent the requirements of the development of China’s advanced productive forces, the orientation of the development of China’s advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China.)三个有利于three favorables (three favorables refer to whether it promotes the growth of the productive forces in a socialist society, increases the overall strength of the socialist state and raises the people’s living standards.)十一届三中全会the Third Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party实践是检验真理的唯一标准Practice is the sole criterion for testing truth实事求是seek truth from facts; be practical and realistic ; be true to facts实现中华民族伟大复兴bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation实行计划生育，控制人口数量，提高人口素质promotion of family planning to control the population size and improve the quality of the people维护人权和不断改善人权状况safeguard human rights and steadily improve the human rights situation政治建设和政治体制改革Political Development and Restructuring依法治国和以德治国相结合run the country by combining the rule of law with the rule of virtue有中国特色的社会主义socialism with Chinese characteristics 舆论监督supervision by public opinion 增强中华名族的凝聚力increase the cohesion of the Chinese nation 中国国情China’s conditions中国人民政治协商会议the Chinese Peopl e’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)最广泛的爱国统一战线the broadest possible patriotic united front 官方表述Official Statements人民民主专政的国体the state system –a people’s democratic dictatorship人民代表大会制度的政体the system of political power–the people’s congresses多党合作制度the system of multiparty cooperation 政治协商制度the system of political consultation 民族区域自治制度the system of regional ethnic autonomy民主团结，生动活泼，安定和谐的政治局面the political situation characterized by democracy, solidarity , liveliness, stability and harmony城市居民自治self-governance among urban residents长期共存，互相监督，肝胆相照，荣辱与共long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, treating each other with all sincerity and sharing weal and woe民族党派，工商联与无党派人士non-Communist parties, federations of industry and commerce , personages without party affiliation 扩大基层民主extend democracy at the grass-roots level管理有序，文明祥和的新型社区new-type and well-managed communities featuring civility and harmony 社会主义法制The Socialist Legal System有法可依，有法必依，执法必严，违法必究We must see to it that there are laws to go by, the laws are observed and strictly enforced , and law-breakers are prosecuted.法律面前人人平等All people are equal before the law.政府决策The Decision-making of the Government电子政务e-government了解民情、充分反映民意、广泛集中民智、切实珍惜民力get to know how the people are faring, reflect their will, pool their wisdom and value their resources推进政策科学化，民主化putting decision-making on a more scientific and democratic basis社情民意反映制度a system reporting social conditions and public opinion与群众利益密切相关的重大事项社会公示制度和社会听证制度a system of keeping the public informed and a system of public hearings on major issues closely related to the interests of the people专家咨询制度the expert consulting system行政管理体制改革Administrative Restructuring实行决策的论证制和责任制，防止决策的随意性implement a verification system and responsibility system in making policy decisions with a view to preventing arbitrary decision-making层次过多、职能交叉、人员臃肿、权责脱节和多重多头执法too many levels, overlapping functions, overstaffing, divorce between powers and responsibilities and duplicate law enforcement司法体制改革The Reform of the Judicial System健全权责明确、相互配合、相互制约、高效运行的司法体制form a sound judicial system featuring clearly specified powers and responsibilities, mutual coordination and restraint and highly efficient operation用人机制personnel mechanism依法独立公正地行使审判权和检查权exercise adjudicative and procuratorial powers independently and impartially according to law职务任期制the system of fixed tenures建设一支政治坚定、业务精通、作风优良、执法公正的司法队伍build up a contingent of judicial personnel who are politically steadfast and professionally competent, have a fine style of work and enforce laws impartially干部人事制度改革The Reform of the Cadre and Personnel System广纳群贤、人尽其才、能上能下gather large numbers of talented people, put them to the best use and get them prepared for both promotion and demotion辞职制the system of resignation知情权、参与权、选择权和监督权the right to know, to participate, to choose and to supervise用人失察失误追究责任制the system of accountability for neglect of supervisory duty or the use of the wrong person 建立干部激励和保障机制establish an incentive and guarantee mechanism for cadres 打破选人用人中论资排辈的观念和做法break with the notions and practices of overstressing seniority in the matter of selection and appointment积极营造各方面优秀人才拖颖而出的好环境create a sound environment which makes it possible for outstanding people to come to the fore in all fields权利的制约和监督The Restraint on and Supervision over the Use of Power建立结构合理、配置科学、程序严密、制约有效的权力运行机制establish a mechanism for the exercise of power featuring reasonable structure, scientific distribution, rigorous procedures and effective restraint改善和完善党的纪律检查体制，建立和完善巡视制度reform and improve the system of Party discipline inspection and introduce and improve the system of inspection tours领导干部述职述廉制度the system under which leading cadres report on their work and their efforts to perform their duties honestly 健全重大事项报告制度the systems of reporting on important matters依法严厉打击各种犯罪活动crack down on criminal activities according to law质询制度the system of making inquiries 民主评议制度the system of democratic appraisal维护社会稳定Maintain Social Stability扫除社会丑恶现象eliminate social evils防范和惩治邪教组织的犯罪活动guard against and punishing crimes committed by evil cult gangs保障人民群众财产安全ensure the safety of the lives and property of the people加强和改进党的建设Strengthen and Improve Party Building廉正建设和反腐败斗争the endeavor to build a clean and honest government and combat corruption 进一步提高党的领导水平和执政水平、提高拒腐防变和抵御风险能力这两大历史课题further address the two major historical subjects of how to enhance the Party’s art of leadership and governance and how to raise the Party’s capacity to resist corruption, prevent degeneration and withstand ri sks以宽广的眼界观察世界view the world with broad vision“三讲”教育（讲学习、讲政治、讲正气）“three emphases ” education (to stress theoretical study , political awareness and good conduct )“三个代表”重要思想The Important Thought of Three Represents成为勤奋学习、善于思考的模范，解放思想、与时俱进的模范，勇于实践、锐意创新的模范play an exemplary role in studying diligently, using their brains, emancipating their minds, keeping pace with the times and boldly engaging in practice and innovation加强党的执政能力建设，提高党的领导水平和执政水平Build up the Party’s Governing Capacity and Improve Its Art of Leadership and Governance不辱使命、不负重托live up to the mission assigned to them and the full trust placed on them提高总揽全局的能力enhance their ability of commanding the whole situation坚持和健全民主集中制，增强党的活力和团结统一Adhere to and Improve Democratic Centralism and Enhance t he Party’s Vitality , Solidarity and Unity集体领导、民主集中、个别酝酿、会议决定的原则the principle of collective leadership, democratic centralism , individual consultations and decision by meetings党内情况通报制度、情况反映制度和重大决策征求意见制度inner-Party information sharing and reporting systems and the system of soliciting opinions concerning major policy decisions个人服从组织、少数服从多数、下级组织服从上级组织、全党服从党的全国代表大会和中央委员会Individual Party members are subordinate to the organization, the minority is subordinate to the majority, lower Party organizations are subordinate to the higher ones and all the constituent organizations and members of the Party are subordinate to its National Congress and Central Committee政令畅通Decisions are carried out without fail.有令不行、有禁不止、各行其是go their own ways in disregard of orders and prohibitions建设高素质的领导干部队伍，形成朝气蓬勃、奋发有为的领导层Build a Contingent of High-caliber Leading Cadres and Form an Energetic and Promising Leadership领导干部的革命化、年轻化、知识化、专业化bring up more revolutionary, younger, better educated and more professionally competent cadres党和人民的事业后继有人The cause of the Party and people will be carried forward.切实作好基层党建工作，增强党的阶级基础和扩大党的群众基础Build the Party Well at the Primary Level, Reinforce Its Class Foundation and Expand Its Mass Base围绕中心，服务大局，拓宽领域，强化功能focusing on the central task and serving the overall interests, broaden the fields of our endeavor, intensify our functions加强和改进党的作风建设，深入开展反腐败斗争Strengthen and Improve the Party’s Style of Work and Intensify the Struggle against Corruption全党同志始终保持共产党人的蓬勃朝气、昂扬锐气和浩然正气，永远同人民群众心连心，我们党的执政基础就坚如磐石So long as all Party comrades always maintain the vigor and vitality, dashing spirit and integrity as Communists and have the people at heart, the foundation of our Party’s governance will remain rock solid.我们要增强忧患意识，居安思危，清醒地看到日趋激烈的国际竞争带来的严峻挑战，清醒地看到前进道路上的困难和风险We should be mindful of the potential danger and stay prepared against adversities in times of peace, be keenly aware of the rigorous challenges brought about by the ever-sharpening international competition as well as risks and difficulties that may arise on our road ahead. 国防和军队建设National Defense and Army Building我们必须倍加顾全大局，倍加珍视团结，倍加维护稳定We must bear in mind the overall interests of our Party all the more deeply, cherish the solidarity all the more dearly and safeguard stability all the more firmly万众一心，奋发图强work with one heart and one mind in a joint and unyielding effort 坚持党对军队的绝对领导，走中国特色的精兵之路preserve in the Party’s absolute leadership over the army and take the road of fewer but better troops with Chinese characteristics政治合格、军事过硬、作风优良、纪律严明、保障有力being qualified politically and competent militarily and having a fine style of work , strict discipline and adequate logistic support打得赢、不变质win battles and never degenerate努力完成机械化和信息化建设的双重历史任务，实现我军现代化的跨越式发展Efforts should be made to accomplish the historical tasks of mechanization and IT application, thereby bringing about leapfrog development in the modernization of our army.建立和完善三军一体、军民兼容、平战结合的联勤保障体制establishing and improving an integrated logistic support system for the three armed services, for both military and civilian purposes and for both peacetime and wartime国防教育education in national defense高技术条件下人民战争的战略战strategies and tactics of the people’s war under high-tech conditions 拥军优属，拥政爱民，巩固军政军民团结The government and the people should support the army and give preferential treatment to the families of servicemen and martyrs, and the army should support the government and cherish the people so as to consolidate the solidarity between the army and the government and between the army and the people.按照客观规律和科学规律办事act in compliance with objective and scientific laws八个坚持、八个反对eight do's and eight don'ts八项主张eight-point proposal保持昂扬向上的精神状态be filled with an enterprising spirit保证中央的政令畅通ensure the Central Committee's decisions are carried out without fail标本兼治address both the symptoms and root causes不确定因素uncertainties参政议政participation in and deliberation of state affairs长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, treating each other with all sincerity and sharing weal and woe长治久安maintain prolonged stability崇尚科学respect and promote science传播先进文化spread advanced culture传统安全威胁traditional threats to security从严治军the army must be strict with itself党的领导方式the Party's style of leadership党的民族政策the Party's policy toward ethnic minorities 党的侨务政策the Party's policy toward overseas Chinese affairs党的宗教信仰自由政策the Party's policy toward the freedom of religious belief党风廉政建设责任制responsibility system for improving the Party's work style and building clean government电子政务e-government多重多头执法duplicate law enforcement党内情况通报制度、情况反映制度和重大决策征求意见制度inner-Party information sharing and reporting systems and the system of soliciting opinions concerning major policy decisions党要管党、从严治党the Party exercises self-discipline and is strict with its members党员管理工作management of Party membership党政机关Party and government organs党政领导干部职务任期制、辞职制和用人失察失误责任追究制the system of fixed tenures, the system of resignation and the system of accountability for neglect of supervisory duty or the use of the wrong person with regard to leading cadres of the Party and government党总揽全局、协调各方的原则principle that the Party commands the overall situation and coordinates the efforts of all quarters司法机关judicial organs思想道德体系ideological and ethical system独立负责、步调一致地开展工作assume one's responsibilities independently and make concerted efforts in one's work司法体制改革reform of the judicial system独立公正地行使审判权和检察权exercise adjudicative and procuratorial powers independently and impartially思想政治建设ideological and political development树立互信、互利、平等和协作的新安全观foster a new security concept featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination提倡多样化encourage diversity树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观foster correct world outlook, views on life and values司法审判和检察同司法行政事务相分离separate judicial adjudication and procuratorial work from administrative affairs素质教育quality-oriented education文化体制改革cultural restructuring提高党的领导水平和执政水平enhance the Party's art of leadership and governance提高科学判断形势的能力improve one's ability of sizing up the situation in a scientific way提高立法质量improve the quality of legislation提高全民法律素质people are better educated in law 提高全民健康水平improve the physique of the entire people团结就是胜利solidarity means victory 提高执法水平raise the level of law enforcement团结就是力量solidarity means strength提高总揽全局的能力enhance one’s ability of commanding the whole situation推进决策科学化民主化put decision-making on a more scientific and democratic basis完善城市居民自治improve self-governance among urban residents完善村民自治improve self-governance among villagers维护司法公正safeguard judicial justice完善干部职务和职级相结合的制度improve the system of giving cadres both positions and ranks完善公开办事制度improve the system of keeping the public informed of matters being handled维护法制的统一和尊严safeguard the uniformity and sanctity of the legal system维护国家统一、民族团结safeguard national unity and ethnic solidarity围绕中心、服务大局focus on the central task and serve the overall interests伪科学pseudo-science文化产业cultural industry文化产业政策policies toward the cultural industry 文化创新cultural innovation文化公益事业public cultural undertakings文化建设cultural development 文化市场体系system of markets for cultural products文化事业cultural undertakings文化与经济和政治相互交融culture is interactive with economic and political activities建设节约型社会to build a conservation-conscious society发展循环经济to develop a circular economy 以资源的高效和循环利用，促进经济、社会的可持续发展to promote sustainable economic and social development through efficient use and reuse of resources坚持资源开发与节约并重，把节约放在首位的方针to uphold the policy of emphasizing the equal importance of both the exploitation and conservation of resources, giving added weight to the latter开发利用可再生能源to exploit and utilize renewable energy resources全面推进资源节约和综合利用to push ahead with a nationwide campaign of economizing on and making comprehensive use of resources加大对资源节约和循环利用关键技术的攻关力度to make greater efforts to develop critical technology for the purpose of conservation and recycle of resources完善有利于节约资源的财税政策to further improve the financial and taxation policies so as to encourage resource conservation发展节能型交通运输工具to develop a new generation of energy-efficient means of transportation 加快节能技术服务体系建设to speed up the establishment of technical service systems for more efficient use of energy resources再生资源的回收利用recyclable use of renewable resources第六届亚欧财长会议The Sixth Asia-Europe Finance Ministers' Meeting亚欧新型全面伙伴关系a new type of comprehensive Asia-Europe partnership采取负责任的宏观经济政策to adopt a macro-economic policy in a responsible manner保持主要储备货币间的币值稳定to maintain stability among major reserve currencies深化财政和金融实质性合作to enhance substantive cooperation in the fiscal and financial sector经济运行中突出问题the glaring problems in the economic operation相知无远近，万里尚为邻Long distances cannot separate true friends sharing one heart; they can be like close neighbors even thousands of miles apart.建立应对经济和金融突发事件的紧急对话机制to establish a dialogue mechanism in response to economic and financial eventualities红色旅游red tourism红色旅游区red tourist destinations (sites/spots)related to the history of CPC;tourist destinations (sites/spots) of revolutionary traditional interests红色旅游精品路线choice (recommended/highlight) tours of revolutionary heritage (tradition)从善如流to readily follow good advice; to do good naturally and happily;to follow good advice as naturally as a river follows its course;to take advice with a receptive mind; to be open-minded to something;to be open to advice and criticism; to readily follow what is right仁至义尽to exercise (show) the utmost restraint/forbearance台湾问题不能出事things must be kept within bounds as far as the Taiwan question is concerned the Taiwan question should not (be allowed to) get out of control拉美国下水to drag the US into troubled waters (the mire);to make the US hostage to the … issue 自欺欺人deceive oneself as well as others; self-deception顺民意，合民情accord with the popular will and sentiments普遍认为法律条文比较平和，宽松(反分裂国家法)The wording of the law is generally considered to be fairly moderate and tolerate in tone(客运包机）节日化to make charter flights available on festival basis;to make charter flights available for traditional festivals中等收入阶层middle-income group (section)节约型发展道路resource efficient (conservation/thrifty) development strategy中国特色的人力资源优势China's advantage in human resources世界经验还要借鉴下去，中国特色还要坚持下去。