数学史与数学教育发展论文

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摘要 新课改以来,数学史的教育价值正逐渐为越来越多的人所认识。新课改规定数学课程目标分为两个部分:发展性目标和知识领域目标,其中,发展性目标包括对数学的认识、情感体验、数学思维和解决问题四个方面,然,初中教材中的数学史料较少,教学史“是为了扩大知识面,增加趣味性而设的,其中的内容不作为教学要求,只供学生课外参考”,再加上考试指挥棒的调控作用显著,使学生难以顾及而教师不想顾及这方面的内容,这与达成发展性目标是背道而驰的。 在数学教学中结合教学内容,适时、适度、适量地运用一些数学史料,不仅可以激发学生的兴趣,拓宽学生的视野,启迪学生的思维,还可以指导并丰富教师的课堂教学,促进学生对数学的理解和对数学价值的认识,对达成发展性目标有着良好的效果。本文首先从理论上阐述了在初中数学课中进行数学史教育的意义,然后阐述了其重要作用,指出渗透数学史的教学是数学教师教书育人的重要的方式。 接着通过问卷调查法,文献研究法,访谈法,定性分析法等多种研究方法,对武汉市部分初中数学教师进行问卷调查,对部分初中学生进行问卷调查。发现目前初中数学改革中仍然存在的主要问题有:(1)目前中学的教育机制决定了以分数论成败,学生无暇关注数学史知识;(2)教材中出现的数学史知识偏少,教师也不重视;(3)初中教师的数学史知识含量明显不足,他们对数学史教育的认识不够;(4)教师的课堂教学设计涉及数学史教学内容不多,有时候教师也不知道该如何渗透; 最后,本文从(1)教师方面:拓展视野,实现教育认识的改变;(2)教学方式:优化课堂教学,渗透数学史教育;(3)教学环境:构建良好的数学史教育平台,对学生进行悉心引导,为真正实施数学素质教育提供良好基础。 关键词:数学史教育,重要性,学生,教师,实施方案 Abstract Since the new curriculum reform, the history of mathematics education value is gradually for more and more people know. New mathematics curriculum objectives prescribed is divided into two parts: the developmental goals and objectives, including knowledge of mathematics, developmental goals include the cognition, emotion experience and the mathematics thought and solve the problem of four aspects, however, the mathematics teaching materials, teaching history "is less interesting for expanding knowledge, increase the content of, not only for the teaching request, a student extracurricular reference", plus exam baton control effect, make the students and teachers don't attend to attend this aspect, and this is a developmental goals. In mathematics teaching, teaching content, appropriate to use some math, historical, not only can stimulate students' interest, broaden students' view, inspire the students' thinking, still can guide and enriching the classroom teaching of mathematics, promote the students' mathematical understanding and understanding of the value of a target, has good effect of development. This paper theoretically expounds in junior middle school mathematics in the history of mathematics education, then expounds the important function, points out that the permeability of the history of mathematics teaching mathematics teacher teaching is the important way. Then through the questionnaire, literature research, interviews, qualitative analysis and research method of wuhan city junior middle school mathematics teachers part of questionnaire survey, partial middle school student questionnaire. The junior middle school mathematics reform that is still the main problems existing in the current is: (1) the school education mechanism to score success or failure of the decision, the students had to the history of mathematics knowledge, (2) appeared in textbooks to the history of mathematics knowledge, the teacher also don't. (3) middle school teachers' mathematical knowledge of the history of content, and they know not the history of mathematics education, (4) teachers teaching design involves to the history of mathematics teaching content, sometimes teachers also don't know how to permeate, Finally, this paper (1) : teacher education knowledge, broaden our horizons of change, (2) teaching mode: optimization classroom teaching, permeate to the history of mathematics education, (3) : constructing teaching environment of good education platform to the history of mathematics, undertake to the student for real implementation, wholeheartedly provides good foundation education quality of mathematics.

Keywords: the history of mathematics education, the importance of students, teachers, and implementation plan 目录 摘要 Abstract 第一章 引言 1.1数学史与数学教育发展的联系 1. 2数学史与数学教育关系研究状况 1.2.1我国研究进展 1.2.2HPM的发生发展状况 1.3在初中数学课渗透数学史教育的意义 1.3.1有助于学生全面系统地了解数学和理解数学的实质 1.3.2有助于培养学生思维能力 1.3.3有助于培养学生对数学美的鉴赏能力 1.3.4有助于学校对学生进行德育教育 1.3.5有利于激发学生的学习兴趣 1.3.6有助于教师更好地教学 第二章 初中数学教育渗透数学史的调查分析 2.1问卷调查 2.1.1目的方法和对象 2.1.2实施过程 2.1.3主要结论 2.2 问卷调查的反思 2.2.1教育机制的原因 2.2.2教材设计的原因 2.2.3学校办学定位的原因 2.2.4教师个人数学修养的原因 中学数学教师掌握数学史知识的情况 中学数学教师获取数学史知识的途径 数学教师对数学史教育作用的认识 中学生对数学史的认识 2.2.5教师的课堂教学设计的原因 第三章 改变初中数学教育中数学史融入不足的途径方法 3.1教师职前职后教育中开设数学史课程来提高教师数学素养 3.2改革中学课程设置以适当增大数学史知识的比例 3.3在教学活动方式方面提倡多种方法并举的“综合模式” 3.4为中学数学教师掌握更多的数学史和进行相关交流搭建平台 第四章 数学史融入中学数学课的实施方案 4.1引入数学故事增加课堂情趣 4.2借助数学发展史构建先行组织者 4.3运用数学史作用于数学定理教学 4.4运用数学史阐释数学思想方法 4.5探究数学名题开拓数