雅思阅读测试题

雅思培训机构测试题及答案一、听力部分1. 根据录音，选择正确的答案。

A) 5:30B) 6:00C) 6:30录音内容：The next bus will leave at six o'clock in the morning.答案：B2. 根据对话，选择正确的答案。

A) He is a student.B) He is a teacher.C) He is a doctor.对话内容：Woman: What does he do?Man: He's a professor at the university.答案：B二、阅读部分阅读以下短文，回答3-5题。

In recent years, the number of people studying abroad has increased significantly. This trend is attributed to various factors such as the desire for better education opportunities and the pursuit of a more diverse cultural experience.3. What is the main topic of the passage?A) The reasons for studying abroadB) The benefits of cultural diversityC) The increase in the number of international students答案：C4. What is not mentioned as a reason for studying abroad in the passage?A) Better education opportunitiesB) Financial incentivesC) Diverse cultural experience答案：B5. What can be inferred from the passage?A) Studying abroad is becoming more popular.B) The number of international students is decreasing.C) There are no benefits to studying abroad.答案：A三、写作部分根据以下提示，写一篇不少于250字的短文。

1. What is the main purpose of the talk?A. To introduce a new productB. To discuss a company's historyC. To explain a project's timelineD. To announce a job opening2. What does the speaker say about the new policy?A. It is temporaryB. It is unpopularC. It is mandatoryD. It is optional3. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. ColleaguesB. Teacher and studentC. FriendsD. Parent and child4. Where is the conversation most likely taking place?A. In a libraryB. In a restaurantC. In a classroomD. In a hospital5. What does the speaker suggest doing next?A. Waiting for a callB. Sending an emailC. Making a reservationD. Booking a flight6. What is the speaker's opinion about the proposal?A. PositiveB. NegativeC. NeutralD. Uncertain7. What time does the event start?A. 6:00 AMB. 8:00 AMC. 10:00 AMD. 12:00 PM8. What does the speaker recommend?A. Reading a bookB. Watching a movieC. Taking a courseD. Visiting a museum9. What is the main topic of the discussion?A. HealthB. TechnologyC. EducationD. Environment10. What does the speaker imply about the situation?A. It is improvingB. It is worseningC. It is stableD. It is unpredictable11. What is the speaker's main concern?A. SafetyB. CostC. QualityD. Efficiency12. What does the speaker want to know?A. The dateB. The locationC. The participantsD. The agenda13. What is the speaker's attitude towards the idea?A. SupportiveB. SkepticalC. IndifferentD. Critical14. What does the speaker mention as a possible solution?A. Hiring more staffB. Reducing hoursC. Increasing pricesD. Expanding services15. What is the speaker's final decision?A. To agreeB. To disagreeC. To postponeD. To reconsider#### 阅读部分（共20题）16. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The history of a cityB. The benefits of a dietC. The impact of technologyD. The challenges of climate change17. What does the author suggest about the topic?A. It is controversialB. It is widely acceptedC. It is misunderstoodD. It is irrelevant18. What is the tone of the article?A. OptimisticB. PessimisticC. InformativeD. Humorous19. What is the author's main argument?A. For changeB. Against changeC. For status quoD. Against status quo20. What does the passage imply about the future?A. UncertaintyB. ProgressC. DeclineD. Stability21. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To entertainB. To persuadeC. To informD. To criticize22. What is the main conflict in the story?A. Between two charactersB. Between a character and societyC. Between a character and natureD. Between a character and themselves23. What does the author conclude?A. A solutionB. A problemC. A questionD. A statement24. What is the main theme of the passage?A. LoveB. WarC. FreedomD. Justice25. What does the author recommend?A. A bookB. A courseC. A practiceD. A policy26. What is the main character's motivation?A. RevengeB. LoveC. AmbitionD. Fear27. What is the setting of the story?A. A cityB. A countrysideC. A desertD. An island28. What is the author's perspective on the issue?A. PositiveB. NegativeC. NeutralD. Mixed29. What is the main challenge faced by the protagonist?A. PhysicalB. MentalC. EmotionalD. Social30. What does the passage suggest about human nature?A. It is goodB. It is evilC. It is complexD. It is simple31. What is the main lesson of the story?A. To be braveB. To be kindC. To be wiseD. To be patient32. What is the author's main concern?A. EnvironmentB. EconomyC. EducationD. Ethics33. What is the main cause of the problem?A. Human errorB. Natural disasterC. Technological failureD. Political conflict34. What is the author's solution to the problem?A. A new lawB. A new technologyC. A new approachD. A new attitude35. What is the main impact of the event?A. PositiveB. NegativeC. NeutralD. Mixed#### 写作部分（共15题）36. What is the most important factor in a successful essay?A. OrganizationB. VocabularyC. GrammarD. Creativity37. What should be included in an introduction?A. Thesis statementB. ConclusionC. Personal opinionD. Detailed analysis38. What is the purpose of a thesis statement?A. To summarize the essayB. To introduce the topicC. To state the main argumentD. To provide background information39. What is the best way to develop a paragraph?A. By listing factsB. By using examplesC. By repeating ideasD. By asking questions40. What is the role of coherence in writing?A. To make the text interestingB. To make the text easy to readC. To make the text persuasiveD. To make the text creative41. What is the most effective way to conclude an essay?A. By restating the thesisB. By introducing new ideasC. By asking a questionD. By making a prediction42. What is the purpose of using transitions?A. To connect sentencesB. To emphasize pointsC. To add detailsD. To introduce new topics43. What is the best way to improve vocabulary?A. By reading extensivelyB. By memorizing wordsC. By using a dictionaryD. By taking vocabulary tests44. What is the most common error in student essays?A. Spelling mistakesB. Grammatical errorsC. Lack of evidenceD. Poor structure45. What is the purpose of a topic sentence?A. To introduce the paragraphB. To summarize the paragraphC. To state the main ideaD. To conclude the paragraph46. What is the best way to avoid plagiarism?A. By using quotesB. By paraphrasingC. By citing sourcesD. By summarizing47. What is the most important skill in academic writing?A. CreativityB. PersuasionC. AnalysisD. Description48. What is the purpose of an outline?A. To organize ideasB. To write the essayC. To revise the essayD. To edit the essay49. What is the best way to revise an essay?A. By reading it aloudB. By asking for feedbackC. By checking grammarD. By adding more details50. What is the most effective way to use evidence in an essay?A. To support the thesisB. To introduce the topicC. To summarize the essayD. To conclude the essay#### 口语部分（共15题）51. What is the best way to start a conversation?A. By asking a questionB. By making a statementC. By introducing yourselfD. By complimenting the other person52. What is the most important aspect of a presentation?A. ContentB. DeliveryC. AppearanceD. Timing53. What should you do if you forget what to say during a presentation?A. Pause and thinkB. Skip the pointC. Admit the mistakeD. Continue without missing a beat54. What is the best way to handle nervousness before speaking?A. Practice moreB. Take deep breathsC. Focus on the audienceD. Think positively55. What is the purpose of using gestures in speech?A. To emphasize pointsB. To entertain the audienceC. To fill pausesD. To look confident56. What is the most effective way to respond to a question in a debate?A. By agreeingB. By disagreeingC. By clarifying the questionD. By ignoring the question57. What is the best way to make a speech interesting?A. By using humorB. By using statisticsC. By using personal storiesD. By using quotes58. What is the most important skill in public speaking?A. ConfidenceB. ClarityC. CreativityD. Persuasion59. What is the purpose of eye contact in a conversation?A. To show interestB. To avoid distractionsC. To look confidentD. To end the conversation60. What is the best way to handle a difficult question in an interview?A. By answering honestlyB. By avoiding the questionC. By asking for clarificationD. By changing the topic61. What is the most important factor in a successful interview?A. PreparationB. AppearanceC. ConfidenceD. Experience62. What is the best way to end a conversation?A. By summarizing the pointsB. By asking a final questionC. By thanking the other personD. By making a joke63. What is the purpose of a rehearsal in public speaking?A. To memorize the speechB. To practice deliveryC. To check the timingD. To prepare the audience64. What is the most effective way to handle criticism in a speech?A. By accepting itB. By denying itC. By explaining your pointD. By ignoring it65. What is the best way to improve speaking skills?A. By watching videosB. By reading booksC. By practicing regularlyD. By taking courses### 答案1. C2. C3. A4. B5. C6. A7. B8. C9. D10. A11. B12. D13. B14. A15. C16. D17. A18. C19. A20. B21. C22. B23. A24. C25. D26. C27. A28. B29. B30. C31. D32. A33. A34. C35. B36. A37. A38. C39. B40. B41. A42. A43. A44. B45. C46. C47. C48. A49. B50. A51. A52. B53. A54. B55. A56. C57. C58. A59. A60. C61. A62. C63. B64. A65. C。

P a s s a g e 1Question 1答案： YES关键词： reasons, arguments occur定位原文: 第1段第2、3句“Popular linguistic debate... ”语言学上的普通争论通常会升级为谩骂和论战。

语言属于所有人，所以大多数人认为他们有权保留自己对语言的看法。

解题思路: 题干要判断对于语言的争论，原因是否可以理解。

原文陈述，语言属于所有人，大多数人有权保留对语言的看法，所以人们的观点会产生分歧是可以理解的。

题干与原文完全一致。

Question 2答案： NO关键词： language education, language usage定位原文：第1段第4句“And when opinions differ,…”而当看法出现分歧时，人们可能变得情绪激动。

语言用法方面的一点小事，就能像语言学教育政策中的重大问题一样很容易引起争论。

解题思路：题干要判断人们对待语言教育的态度是否比对待语言用法的态度更加强烈。

原文陈述，语言用法方面的一点小事都能像语言学教育政策中的大事一样引起争论，这说明对待语言用法与语言学教育政策的态度同样强烈。

题干与原文所述观点不一致。

Question 3答案： YES关键词： intelligence, affect定位原文：第2段第2句“No part of society or social…”所有社会组成部分或者社会行为无一例外。

语言因素影响我们如何判断一个人的个性、智力、社会地位、教育程度、工作能力以及许多身份与社会生存的其他方面。

解题思路：题干要判断使用语言的方式是否会影响人们对一个人智力的评估。

原文陈述，语言因素影响我们如何判断一个人的个性、智力……题干与原文完全一致。

Question 4答案： NOT GIVEN关键词： prescriptive, 18th century对应原文：第4段第1句“All the main languages…”解题思路：对所有主要语言的研究都是约定俗成的，尤其在18世纪对语法与词典的编写过程中。

高中雅思测试题及答案一、听力部分1. 听下面一段对话，回答问题。

对话内容：（略）问题：A. 男人为什么去图书馆？B. 女人建议男人借阅哪本书？答案：A. 男人去图书馆是为了查找关于历史的书籍。

B. 女人建议男人借阅《世界历史》这本书。

2. 听下面一段独白，回答问题。

独白内容：（略）问题：A. 演讲者主要讨论了什么主题？B. 演讲者提到了哪些具体的解决方案？答案：A. 演讲者主要讨论了环境保护的主题。

B. 演讲者提到了减少塑料使用和推广可再生能源等解决方案。

二、阅读部分1. 阅读下面的文章，回答问题。

文章内容：（略）问题：A. 文章主要讨论了什么？B. 作者对于这个主题持什么态度？答案：A. 文章主要讨论了现代科技对教育的影响。

B. 作者对于这个主题持积极态度，认为科技可以极大地改善教育质量。

2. 阅读下面的文章，回答问题。

文章内容：（略）问题：A. 文章中提到的主要问题是什么？B. 作者提出了哪些解决方案？答案：A. 文章中提到的主要问题是城市交通拥堵。

B. 作者提出了增加公共交通设施和鼓励自行车出行等解决方案。

三、写作部分1. 写作任务：写一篇150字的短文，描述你最喜欢的一本书，并解释为什么喜欢它。

答案示例：我最喜欢的一本书是《小王子》。

这本书以其简洁的语言和深刻的寓意吸引了我。

它讲述了一个小王子在不同星球上的冒险故事，每个星球上的人都代表了现实生活中的某种人性。

我喜欢这本书，因为它让我思考了友谊、爱和生活的真谛。

它提醒我们，真正重要的东西是看不见的，只能用心去感受。

2. 写作任务：写一篇250字的短文，讨论科技如何改变了我们的沟通方式。

答案示例：科技极大地改变了我们的沟通方式。

过去，人们主要通过信件交流，这既耗时又费力。

现在，我们有了电子邮件、社交媒体和即时通讯工具，可以几乎实时地与世界各地的人交流。

这些技术不仅加快了信息的传递速度，还增加了交流的便捷性。

然而，它们也带来了一些问题，比如隐私泄露和网络欺凌。

READING PASSAGE 1文章结构本节考查词汇demolish [ ♎♓❍●♓☞ ] vt. 推翻rival [ ❒♋♓❖☜● ] n. 对手with ease [ ♓ ] 轻易地underpin [ ✈⏹♎☜☐♓⏹ ] v. 支撑，支持youngster [ ✈☠♦♦☜ ] n. 年青人collaborate [ ☜●✌♌☜❒♏♓♦ ] vi. 合作golfer [♊♈●♐☜☎❒✆] n. 高尔夫球手squash [ ♦♦☞ ] n. 壁球cyclist [ ♦♋✋●✋♦♦] n. 自行车运动员tweak [ ♦♦♓ ] v. 拧champion [ ♦☞✌❍☐☜⏹ ] n. 冠军slice [ ♦●♋♓♦ ] v. 切spine [ ♦☐♋♓⏹ ] n. 脊柱，脊椎wring [ ❒♓☠ ] v. 榨取unobtrusive [ ✈⏹☜♌♦❒◆♦♓❖ ] adj. 不明显的，微型的immune [ ♓❍◆⏹ ] adj. 免疫的complex [ ❍☐●♏♦ ] adj. 复杂的segment [ ♦♏♈❍☜⏹♦ ] n. 部分，章节unveil [ ✈⏹❖♏♓l ] vt. 揭开，展示endurance [ ♓⏹♎◆❒☜⏹♦ ] n. 耐力rower [ ♊❒☜☺☜☎❒✆ ] n. 划船选手replicate [ ❒♏☐●♓♓♦ ] v. 复制考题精解Questions 1-7『题型』MATCHING『解析』该题型是绝对乱序题型。

应尽量根据段落主题来大致定位到段落，然后寻找具体替换以确认答案。

Questions 8-11『题型』MATCHING『解析』大致定位：C/D两段段讲到具体应用，所以大部分应在此二段落；只有F段主题是涉及其他国家（their rivals）。

Questions 12-13『题型』SHORT-ANSWER QUESTION『解析』主题句解析1.第一段首、末句：They play hard, they play often, and they play to win…Both provide intensive coaching, training facilities and nutritional advice.解析：文章的开篇通常是背景介绍，以避免主题的切入过于突兀。

小学雅思考试测试题及答案一、听力部分1. 听录音，选择正确的图片。

A. B. C. 录音内容：“The boy is playing with a ball.”答案：A2. 听录音，选择正确的答案。

A. Yes, he does.B. No, he doesn't.C. I don't know.录音内容：“What does he like to do in the evening?”答案：B二、阅读部分1. 阅读下面的短文，判断下列句子是否正确。

短文：Tom is a student. He likes reading books. He also likes playing football.A. Tom is a teacher. (×)B. Tom enjoys reading. (√)C. Tom doesn't like sport s. (×)2. 阅读下面的对话，选择正确的答案。

- A: What's your favorite color?- B: My favorite color is blue.A. RedB. BlueC. Green答案：B三、写作部分1. 写一篇小短文，描述你的一天。

提示：早上起床，吃早餐，去学校，上英语课，吃午饭，下午体育课，放学回家，做作业，晚上看电视，睡觉。

答案示例：I wake up early in the morning. After breakfast, I go to school. In the morning, I have English class. Lunchtime is my favorite part of the day. In the afternoon, we have a sports class. After school, I go home and do my homework. In the evening, I watch TV and then go to sleep.四、口语部分1. 看图说话。

介绍过了剑桥雅思test1passage1&2的解析和原文范文，我们再来看看剑桥雅思阅读4Test1阅读passage3译文-盲人与视觉符号，具体的解析，请点击：剑桥雅思4Test1passage3阅读原文+题目+答案解析。

剑4下载，请点击：。

更多解析，请点击：剑桥雅思4解析。

剑桥雅思阅读4Test1阅读passage3译文-盲人与视觉符号第一部分最近的几次研究表明，盲人可以理解用轮廓线和透视法来描述物体排列及空间平面的方法。

但是，图画不只是表面意思的体现。

在研究中，一名盲人女性自发地画出了一个转动的车轮，这就引起了我对上述事实的极大关注。

为了展示这样一个动作，她在圆圈中画了一条曲线(见图1)。

我大吃一惊。

像她所使用的这种运动线是插图史上最近的发明。

实际上，正如艺术学者David Kunzle指出的那样，Wilhelm Busch，一名引领潮流的19世纪卡通画家，直到1877年才开始在其最流行的人物身上使用运动线。

当我要其他接受研究的盲人对象画出转动中的车轮时，一种特别聪明的画法反复出现了：几个人把车条画成了曲线。

当被问到为什么要用曲线的时候，他们都说这是喑示运动的一种带有隐喻意味的方法。

多数原则会认为从某种角度来讲，这个图案充分地表示了运动。

但是就此而言，曲线是不是比，比如说虛线，波浪线或者其他任何一种线条，更能说明问题呢?答案是不确定的。

所以我决定测试一下，不同的运动线是否就是表现运动的恰当方式，而或它们只是一些特殊的符号而已。

进一步而言，我还想找出盲人和普通人在诠释运动线时的不同之处。

为了找出答案，我用凸起线条做出了五幅有关轮子的画，车条被画成大曲线，小曲线，波浪线，虚线以及超出车轮的直线。

然后，我让18名盲人志愿者抚摩这些轮子，并且将它们分别与下列运动中的一个搭配：不稳定地转动，飞速转动，稳定地转动，颠簸和刹车。

参照组则是由来自于多伦多大学的18名普通大学生组成的。

除了一个人，其他所有的盲人都将具体的动作与车轮搭配了起来。

雅思剑12阅读真题Test5Passage1真题精讲雅思剑12阅读真题Test5Passage1原文及答案!剑桥雅思真题练习是权威的复习资料，建议每一位考生都应该做相关练习，目前剑桥雅思已经更新到12了，下面小编为大家带来雅思剑12阅读真题Test5Passage1原文及答案，供大家复习。

雅思剑12阅读真题Test5Passage1原文及题目READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.CorkCork - the thick bark of the cork oak tree (Quercus suber) - is a remarkable material. It is tough, elastic, buoyant, and fire-resistant, and suitable for a wide range of purposes. It has also been used for millennia: the ancient Egyptians sealed their sarcophagi (stone coffins) with cork, while the ancient Greeks and Romans used it for anything from beehives to sandals.And the cork oak itself is an extraordinary tree. Its bark grows up to 20 cm in thickness, insulating the tree like a coat wrapped around the trunk and branches and keeping the inside at a constant 20℃ all year round. Developed most probably as a defence against forest fires, the bark of the cork oak has a particular cellular structure - with about 40 million cells per cubic centimetre - that technology has never succeeded in replicating. The ceils are filled with air, which is why cork is so buoyant.It also has an elasticity that means you can squash it and watch it spring back to its original size and shape when you release the pressure.Cork oaks grow in a number of Mediterranean countries, including Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece and Morocco. Theyflourish in warm, sunny climates where there is a minimum of 400 millimetres of rain per year, and not more than 800 millimetres. Like grape vines, the trees thrive in poor soil, putting down deep roots in search of moisture and nutrients. Southern Portugal’s Alentejo region meets all of these requirements, which explains why, by the early 20th century, this region had become the world’s largest producer of cork, and why today it accounts for roughly half of all cork production around the world.Most cork forests are family-owned. Many of these family businesses, and indeed many of the trees themselves, are around 200 years old. Cork production is, above all, an exercise in patience. From the planting of a cork sapling to the first harvest takes 25 years, and a gap of approximately a decade must separate harvests from an individual tree. And for top-quality cork, it’s necessary to wait a further 15 or 20 years. You even have to wait for the right kind of summer’s day to harvest cork. If the bark is stripped on a day when it’s too cold - or when the air is damp - the tree will be damaged.Cork harvesting is a very specialised profession. No mechanical means of stripping cork bark has been invented, so the job is done by teams of highly skilled workers. First, they make vertical cuts down the bark using small sharp axes, then lever it away in pieces as large as they can manage. The most skilful cork- strippers prise away a semi-circular husk that runs the length of the trunk from just above ground level to the first branches. It is then dried on the ground for about four months, before being taken to factories, where it is boiled to kill any insects that might remain in the cork. Over 60% of cork then goes on to be made into traditional bottle stoppers, with most of the remainder being used in the construction trade. Corkboard andcork tiles are ideal for thermal and acoustic insulation, while granules of cork are used in the manufacture of concrete.Recent years have seen the end of the virtual monopoly of cork as the material for bottle stoppers, due to concerns about the effect it may have on the contents of the bottle. This is caused by a chemical compound called 2,4,6-trichloroanisole (TCA), which forms through the interaction of plant phenols, chlorine and mould. The tiniest concentrations - as little as three or four parts to a trillion - can spoil the taste of the product contained in the bottle. The result has been a gradual yet steady move first towards plastic stoppers and, more recently, to aluminium screw caps. These substitutes are cheaper to manufacture and, in the case of screw caps, more convenient for the user.The classic cork stopper does have several advantages, however. Firstly, its traditional image is more in keeping with that of the type of high quality goods with which it has long been associated. Secondly - and very importantly - cork is a sustainable product that can be recycled without difficulty. Moreover, cork forests are a resource which support local biodiversity, and prevent desertification in the regions where they are planted. So, given the current concerns about environmental issues, the future of this ancient material once again looks promising.following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this1 The cork oak has the thickest bark of any living tree.2 Scientists have developed a synthetic cork with the same cellular structure as natural cork.3 Individual cork oak trees must be left for 25 years between the first and second harvest.4 Cork bark should be stripped in dry atmospheric conditions.5 The only way to remove the bark from cork oak trees is by hand.Questions 6-13Complete the notes below.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 6-13 on your answer sheet.Comparison of aluminium screw caps and cork bottle stoppersAdvantages of aluminium screw capsdo not affect the 6 ______ of the bottle contentsare 7 ______ to produceare 8 ______ to useAdvantages of cork bottle stopperssuit the 9 ______ of quality productsmade from a 10 ______ materialeasily 11 ______cork forests aid 12 ______cork forests stop 13 ______ happening雅思剑12阅读Test5 Passage1答案解析Test 5 Passage 1Question 1答案：NOT GIVEN关键词：cork oak; thickest bark定位原文：第二段第二句“Its bark grows up to 20cm in thickness, insulating the tree….”解题思路：原文只提到软木橡树的树皮能长到20厘米的厚度，并未提到它的树皮是否是所有树中最厚的。

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剑桥雅思阅读7原文(test4)READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.Pulling strings to build pyramidsNo one knows exactly how the pyramids were built. Marcus Chown reckons the answer could be ‘hanging in the air’.The pyramids of Egypt were built more than three thousand years ago, and no one knows how. The conventional picture is that tens of thousands of slaves dragged stones on sledges. But there is no evidence to back this up. Now a Californian software consultant called Maureen Clemmons has suggested that kites might have been involved. While perusing a book on the monuments of Egypt, she noticed a hieroglyph that showed a row of men standing in odd postures. They were holding what looked like ropes that led, via some kind of mechanical system, to a giant bird in the sky. She wondered if perhaps the bird was actually a giant kite, and the men were using it to lift a heavy object.Intrigued, Clemmons contacted Morteza Gharib, aeronautics professor at the California Institute of Technology. He was fascinated by the idea. ‘Coming from Iran, I have a keen interest in Middle Eastern science,’ he says. He too was puzzled by the picture that had sparked Clemmons’s interest. The object in the sky apparently had wings far too short and wide for a bird. ‘The possibility certainly existed that it was a kite,’ he says. And sincehe needed a summer project for his student Emilio Graff, investigating the possibility of using kites as heavy lifters seemed like a good idea.Gharib and Graff set themselves the task of raising a 4.5-metre stone column from horizontal to vertical, using no source of energy except the wind. Their initial calculations and scale-model wind-tunnel experiments convinced them they wouldn’t need a strong wind to lift the 33.5-tonne column. Even a modest force, if sustained over a long time, would do. The key was to use a pulley system that would magnify the applied force. So they rigged up a tent-shaped scaffold directly above the tip of the horizontal column, with pulleys suspended from the scaffold’s apex. The idea was that as one end of the column rose, the base would roll across the ground on a trolley.Earlier this year, the team put Clemmons’s unlikely theory to the test, using a 40-square-metre rectangular nylon sail. The kite lifted the column clean off the ground. ‘We were absolutely stunned,’ Gharib says. ‘The instant the sail opened into the wind, a huge force was generated and the column was raised to the vertical in a mere 40 seconds.’The wind was blowing at a gentle 16 to 20 kilometres an hour, little more than half what they thought would be needed. What they had failed to reckon with was what happened when the kite was opened. ‘There was a huge initial force — five times larger than the steady state force,’ Gharib says. This jerk meant that kites could lift huge weights, Gharib realised. Even a 300-tonne column could have been lifted to the vertical with 40 or so men and four or five sails. So Clemmons was right: the pyramid builders could have used kites to lift massive stones into place. ‘Whether they actually did is another matter,’ Gharib says.There are no pictures showing the construction of the pyramids, so there is no way to tell what really happened. ‘The evidence for using kites to move large stones is no better or worse than the evidence for the brute force method,’ Gh arib says.Indeed, the experiments have left many specialists unconvinced. ‘The evidence for kite-lifting is non-existent,’ says Willeke Wendrich, an associate professor of Egyptology at the University of California, Los Angeles.Others feel there is more of a case for the theory. Harnessing the wind would not have been a problem for accomplished sailors like the Egyptians. And they are known to have used wooden pulleys, which could have been made strong enough to bear the weight of massive blocks of stone. In addition, there is some physical evidence that the ancient Egyptians were interested in flight. A wooden artefact found on the step pyramid at Saqqara looks uncannily like a modern glider. Although it dates from several hundred years after the building of the pyramids, its sophistication suggests that the Egyptians might have been developing ideas of flight for a long time. And other ancient civilisations certainly knew about kites; as early as 1250 BC, the Chinese were using them to deliver messages and dump flaming debris on their foes.The experiments might even have practical uses nowadays. There are plenty of places around the globe where people have no access to heavy machinery, but do know how to deal with wind, sailing and basic mechanical principles. Gharib has already been contacted by a civil engineer in Nicaragua, who wants to put up buildings with adobe roofs supported by concrete arches on a site that heavy equipment can’t reach. His idea is to build the arches horizontally, then lift them into place using kites.‘We’ve given him some design hints,’ says Gharib. ‘We’re just waiting for him to report back.’ So whether they were actually used to build the pyramids or not, it seems that kites may make sensible construction tools in the 21st century AD.Questions 1-7Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this1 It is generally believed that large numbers of people were needed to build the pyramids.2 Clemmons found a strange hieroglyph on the wall of an Egyptian monument.3 Gharib had previously done experiments on bird flight.4 Gharib and Graff tested their theory before applying it.5 The success of the actual experiment was due to the high speed of the wind.6 They found that, as the kite flew higher, the wind force got stronger.7 The team decided that it was possible to use kites to raise very heavy stones.Questions 8-13Complete the summary below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet.Additional evidence for theory of kite-liftingThe Egyptians had 8.................., which could lift large pieces of9.................., and they knew how to use the energy of the wind from their skill as 10.................. .The discovery on one pyramid of an object which resembled a 11.................. suggests they may have experimented with 12.................. . In addition, over two thousand years ago kites were used in China as weapons, as well as for sending 13 .................. .READING PASSAGE 2You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.Endless HarvestMore than two hundred years ago, Russian explorers and fur hunters landed on the Aleutian Islands, a volcanic archipelago in the North Pacific, and learned of a land mass that lay farther to t he north. The islands’ native inhabitants called this land mass Aleyska, the ‘Great Land’; today, we know it as Alaska.The forty-ninth state to join the United States of America (in 1959), Alaska is fully one-fifth the size of the mainland 48 states combined. It shares, with Canada, the second longest river system in North America and has over half the coastline of the United States. The rivers feed into the Bering Sea and Gulf of Alaska —cold, nutrient-rich waters which support tens of millions of seabirds, and over 400 species of fish, shellfish, crustaceans, and molluscs. Taking advantage of this rich bounty, Alaska’s commercial fisheries have developed into some of the largest in the world.According to the Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G), A laska’s commercial fisheries landed hundreds of thousands of tonnes of shellfish and herring, and well over a million tonnes of groundfish (cod, sole, perch and pollock) in 2000. The true cultural heart and soul of Alaska’s fisheries,however, is salmon. ‘Salmon,’ notes writer Susan Ewing in The Great Alaska Nature Factbook, ‘pump through Alaska like blood through a heart, bringing rhythmic, circulating nourishment to land, animals and people.’ The ‘predictable abundance of salmon allowed some native cultur es to flourish,’ and ‘dying spawners_feed bears, eagles, other animals, and ultimately the soil itself.’ All five species of Pacific salmon — chinook, or king; chum, or dog; coho, or silver; sockeye, or red; and pink, or humpback —spawn_ in Alaskan waters, and 90% of all Pacific salmon commercially caught in North America are produced there. Indeed, if Alaska was an independent nation, it would be the largest producer of wild salmon in the world. During 2000, commercial catches of Pacific salmon in Alaska exceeded 320,000 tonnes, with an ex-vessel value of over $US260 million.Catches have not always been so healthy. Between 1940 and 1959, overfishing led to crashes in salmon populations so severe that in 1953 Alaska was declared a federal disaster area. With the onset of statehood, however, the State of Alaska took over management of its own fisheries, guided by a state constitution which mandates that Alaska’s natural resources be managed on a sustainable basis. At that time, statewide harvests totalled around 25 million salmon. Over the next few decades average catches steadily increased as a result of this policy of sustainable management, until, during the 1990s, annual harvests were well in excess of 100 million, and on several occasions over 200 million fish.The primary reason for such increases is what is known as ‘In-Season Abundance-Based Management’. There are biologists throughout the state constantly monitoring adult fish as they show up to spawn. The biologists sit in streamsidecounting towers, study sonar, watch from aeroplanes, and talk to fishermen. The salmon season in Alaska is not pre-set. The fishermen know the approximate time of year when they will be allowed to fish, but on any given day, one or more field biologists in a particular area can put a halt to fishing. Even sport fishing can be brought to a halt. It is this management mechanism that has allowed Alaska salmon stocks —and, accordingly, Alaska salmon fisheries — to prosper, even as salmon populations in the rest of the United States are increasingly considered threatened or even endangered.In 1999, the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC)__commissioned a review of the Alaska salmon fishery. The Council, which was founded in 1996, certifies fisheries that meet high environmental standards, enabling them to use a label that recognises their environmental responsibility. The MSC has established a set of criteria by which commercial fisheries can be judged. Recognising the potential benefits of being identified as environmentally responsible, fisheries approach the Council requesting to undergo the certification process. The MSC then appoints a certification committee, composed of a panel of fisheries experts, which gathers information and opinions from fishermen, biologists, government officials, industry representatives, non-governmental organisations and others.Some observers thought the Alaska salmon fisheries would not have any chance of certification when, in the months leading up to MSC’s final decision, salmon runs throughout we stern Alaska completely collapsed. In the Yukon and Kuskokwim rivers, chinook and chum runs were probably the poorest since statehood; subsistence communities throughout the region, who normally have priority over commercial fishing, were devastated.The crisis was completely unexpected, but researchers believe it had nothing to do with impacts of fisheries. Rather, they contend, it was almost certainly the result of climatic shifts, prompted in part by cumulative effects of the el nino/la nina phenomenon on Pacific Ocean temperatures, culminating in a harsh winter in which huge numbers of salmon eggs were frozen. It could have meant the end as far as the certification process was concerned. However, the state reacted quickly, closing down all fisheries, even those necessary for subsistence purposes.In September 2000, MSC announced that the Alaska salmon fisheries qualified for certification. Seven companies producing Alaska salmon were immediately granted permission to display the MSC logo on their products. Certification is for an initial period of five years, with an annual review to ensure that the fishery is continuing to meet the required standards._spawners: fish that have released eggs_ spawn: release eggs__MSC: a joint venture between WWF (World Wildlife Fund) and Unilever, a Dutch-based multi-nationalQuestions 14-20Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?In boxes 14-20 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the information.FALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this14 The inhabitants of the Aleutian islands renamed their islands ‘Aleyska.’15 Alaska’s fisheries are owned by some of the world’s largest companies.16 Life in Alaska is dependent on salmon.17 Ninety per cent of all Pacific salmon caught are sockeye or pink salmon.18 More than 320,000 tonnes of salmon were caught in Alaska in 2000.19 Between 1940 and 1959, there was a sharp decrease in Alaska’s salmon populati on.20 During the 1990s, the average number of salmon caught each year was 100 million.Questions 21-26Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-K, below.Write the correct letter, A-K, in boxes 21-26 on your answer sheet.21 In Alaska, biologists keep a check on adult fish22 Biologists have the authority23 In-Season Abundance-Based Management has allowed the Alaska salmon fisheries24 The Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) was established25 As a result of the collapse of the salmon runs in 1999, the state decided26 In September 2000, the MSC allowed seven Alaska salmon companiesA to recognize fisheries that care for the environment.B to be successful.C to stop fish from spawning.D to set up environmental protection laws.E to stop people fishing for sport.F to label their products using the MSC logo.G to ensure that fish numbers are sufficient to permit fishing.H to assist the subsistence communities in the region.I to freeze a huge number of salmon eggs.J to deny certification to the Alaska fisheries.K to close down all fisheries.READING PASSAGE 3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.EFFECTS OF NOISEIn general, it is plausible to suppose that we should prefer peace and quiet to noise. And yet most of us have had the experience of having to adjust to sleeping in the mountains or the countryside because it was initially ‘too quiet’, an experience that suggests that humans are capable of adapting to a wide range of noise levels. Research supports this view. For example, Glass and Singer (1972) exposed people to short bursts of very loud noise and then measured their ability to work out problems and their physiological reactions to the noise. The noise was quite disruptive at first, but after about four minutes the subjects were doing just as well on their tasks as control subjects who were not exposed to noise. Their physiological arousal also declined quickly to the same levels as those of the control subjects.But there are limits to adaptation and loud noise becomes more troublesome if the person is required to concentrate on more than one task. For example, high noise levels interfered with the performance of subjects who were required to monitor three dials at a time, a task not unlike that of an aeroplane pilot or an air-traffic controller (Broadbent, 1957). Similarly, noise did not affect a subject’s ability to track a moving line with a steering wheel, but it did interfere with the subject’s ability to repeat numbers while tracking (Finkelman and Glass, 1970).Probably the most significant finding from research on noise is that its predictability is more important than how loud it is. We are much more able to ‘tune out’ chronic background noise, even if it is quite loud, than to work under circumstances with unexpected intrusions of noise. In the Glass and Singer study, in which subjects were exposed to bursts of noise as they worked on a task, some subjects heard loud bursts and others heard soft bursts. For some subjects, the bursts were spaced exactly one minute apart (predictable noise); others heard the same amount of noise overall, but the burstsUnpredictable Noise Predictable Noise AverageLoud noise 40.1 31.8 35.9Soft noise 36.7 27.4 32.1Average 38.4 29.6Table 1: Proofreading Errors and Noiseoccurred at random intervals (unpredictable noise). Subjects reported finding the predictable and unpredictable noise equally annoying, and all subjects performed at about the same level during the noise portion of the experiment. But the different noise conditions had quite different after-effects when the subjects were required to proofread written material under conditions of no noise. As shown in Table 1 the unpredictable noise produced more errors in the later proofreading task than predictable noise; and soft, unpredictable noise actually produced slightly more errors on this task than the loud, predictable noise.Apparently, unpredictable noise produces more fatigue than predictable noise, but it takes a while for this fatigue to take its toll on performance.Predictability is not the only variable that reduces oreliminates the negative effects of noise. Another is control. If the individual knows that he or she can control the noise, this seems to eliminate both its negative effects at the time and its after-effects. This is true even if the individual never actually exercises his or her option to turn the noise off (Glass and Singer, 1972). Just the knowledge that one has control is sufficient.The studies discussed so far exposed people to noise for only short periods and only transient effects were studied. But the major worry about noisy environments is that living day after day with chronic noise may produce serious, lasting effects. One study, suggesting that this worry is a realistic one, compared elementary school pupils who attended schools near Los Angeles’s busiest airport with students who attended schools in quiet neighbourhoods (Cohen et al., 1980). It was found that children from the noisy schools had higher blood pressure and were more easily distracted than those who attended the quiet schools. Moreover, there was no evidence of adaptability to the noise. In fact, the longer the children had attended the noisy schools, the more distractible they became. The effects also seem to be long lasting. A follow-up study showed that children who were moved to less noisy classrooms still showed greater distractibility one year later than students who had always been in the quiet schools (Cohen et al, 1981). It should be noted that the two groups of children had been carefully matched by the investigators so that they were comparable in age, ethnicity, race, and social class.Questions 27-29Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in boxes 27-29 on your answer sheet.27 The writer suggests that people may have difficultysleeping in the mountains becauseA humans do not prefer peace and quiet to noise.B they may be exposed to short bursts of very strange sounds.C humans prefer to hear a certain amount of noise while they sheep.D they may have adapted to a higher noise level in the city.28 In noise experiments, Glass and Singer found thatA problem-solving is much easier under quiet conditions.B physiological arousal prevents the ability to work.C bursts of noise do not seriously disrupt problem-solving in the long term.D the physiological arousal of control subjects declined quickly.29 Researchers discovered that high noise levels are not likely to interfere with theA successful performance of a single task.B tasks of pilots or air traffic controllers.C ability to repeat numbers while tracking moving lines.D ability to monitor three dials at once.Questions 30-34Complete the summary using the list of words and phrases, A-J, below.Write the correct letter, A-J, in boxes 30-34 on your answer sheet.NB You may use any letter more than once.Glass and Singer (1972) showed that situations in which there is intense noise have less effect on performance than circumstances in which 30..................noise occurs. Subjects were divided into groups to perform a task. Some heard loud burstsof noise, others soft. For some subjects, the noise was predictable, while for others its occurrence was random. All groups were exposed to 31..................noise. The predictable noise group 32..................the unpredictable noise group on this task.In the second part of the experiment, the four groups were given a proofreading task to complete under conditions of no noise. They were required to check written material for errors. The group which had been exposed to unpredictable noise 33..................the group which had been exposed to predictable noise. The group which had been exposed to loud predictable noise performed better than those who had heard soft, unpredictable bursts. The results suggest that 34..................noise produces fatigue but that this manifests itself later.A no control overB unexpectedC intenseD the same amount ofE performed better thanF performed at about the same level asG noH showed more irritation thanI made more mistakes thanJ different types ofQuestions 35-40Look at the following statements (Questions 35-40) and the list of researchers below.Match each statement with the correct researcher(s), A-E.Write the correct letter, A-E, in boxes 35-40 on your answer sheet.NB You may use any letter more than once.35 Subjects exposed to noise find it difficult at first to concentrate on problem-solving tasks.36 Long-term exposure to noise can produce changes in behaviour which can still be observed a year later.37 The problems associated with exposure to noise do not arise if the subject knows they can make it stop.38 Exposure to high-pitched noise results in more errors than exposure to low-pitched noise.39 Subjects find it difficult to perform three tasks at the same time when exposed to noise.40 Noise affects a subject’s capacity to repeat numbers while carrying out another task.List of ResearchersA Glass and SingerB BroadbentC Finkelman and GlassD Cohen et al.E None of the above剑桥雅思阅读7原文参考译文(test4)PASSAGE 1 参考译文：线牵金字塔没有人知道金字塔到底是怎么建成的。

环球雅思测试题及答案听力部分题目一：听一段关于城市交通问题的对话，回答以下问题：1. 对话中提到的城市交通问题主要是什么？2. 两位对话者提出了哪些解决方案？3. 他们最终决定采取哪种方案？答案：1. 对话中提到的城市交通问题主要是交通拥堵和环境污染。

2. 两位对话者提出了增加公共交通工具、限制私家车使用和鼓励使用环保交通工具等解决方案。

3. 他们最终决定增加公共交通工具的班次，并推广使用自行车和电动车。

题目二：听一段关于环保活动的介绍，回答以下问题：1. 活动的主题是什么？2. 活动的主要目的是什么？3. 参与者需要准备哪些物品？答案：1. 活动的主题是“绿色地球，从我做起”。

2. 活动的主要目的是提高公众对环保的意识，并采取实际行动减少碳足迹。

3. 参与者需要准备可重复使用的购物袋、水壶和垃圾袋。

阅读部分题目三：阅读一篇关于全球化对教育的影响的文章，回答以下问题：1. 文章提到全球化对教育有哪些积极影响？2. 文章中提到的教育挑战是什么？3. 作者认为如何克服这些挑战？答案：1. 文章提到全球化对教育的积极影响包括资源共享、文化交流和教育方法的创新。

2. 文章中提到的教育挑战包括文化冲突、信息过载和教育不平等。

3. 作者认为通过加强国际合作、培养批判性思维和提供平等教育机会来克服这些挑战。

题目四：阅读一篇关于科技在医疗领域的应用的文章，回答以下问题：1. 文章中提到的科技在医疗领域的主要应用是什么？2. 这些科技应用对患者有哪些好处？3. 文章是否提到了这些科技应用的潜在风险？答案：1. 文章中提到的科技在医疗领域的主要应用包括远程医疗、人工智能诊断和个性化医疗。

2. 这些科技应用对患者的好处包括提高诊断准确性、减少等待时间和提供更个性化的治疗方案。

3. 文章提到了这些科技应用的潜在风险，如数据安全问题和对医疗专业人员的依赖减少。

写作部分题目五：写一篇关于“社交媒体对青少年的影响”的议论文。