英语语法：被动语态的“一般”和“特殊”
在被动句中，主语是动作的承受者，它主要用于强调动作的承受者或因为动作的执行者难以说出或不必说出时。我们在学习运用它时，应注意以下两个方面：
一、掌握被动语态的一般结构
被动语态基本形式为：助动词be +过去分词。助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化，我们可以通过be的不同变化形式推出各种时态的被动语态形式。如：
The film is being shown now.
电影正在放映。（现在进行时的被动语态）
Dr. Smith had been mentally disturbed by his long years alone in prison.
多年孤独的监狱生活使史密斯医生的精神受到了刺激。（过去完成时的被动语态）
二、掌握几种特殊的被动语态结构
1. 带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be ＋过去分词。
The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.
婴儿应该由临时保姆好好照看。
2. 当使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe 等后面的不定式作宾语补足语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。
Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.
有人看见一个陌生人走进了大楼。
变为被动句为：A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
3. 非谓语动词的被动语态。动词-ing形式及不定式to do 也有被动语态。
I don’t like being laughed at in the public.
我不喜欢当众被人嘲笑。
What is to be done next?
下一步要做什么？
4. 短语动词的被动语态。
有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”、“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开，其中的介词或副词也不能省略。
Women were looked down upon in the old society.
妇女在旧社会被人看不起。
英语三级考试基本语法：句子的种类
语法：句子的种类
（一）按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
1）陈述句（Declarative Sentences）：说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。
Light travels faster than sound. 光比声速度快。（说明事实）
The film is rather boring. 这部电影很乏味。
（说明看法）
2）疑问句（Interrogative Sentences）：提出问题。有以下四种：
a. 一般疑问句（General Questions）：
Can you finish the work in time?
你能按时完成工作吗？
b. 特殊疑问句（W Questions; H Questions）：
Where do you live? 你住那儿？
How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事？
c. 选择疑问句（Alternative Questions）：
Do you want tea or coffee?
你是要茶还是要咖啡？
d. 反意疑问句（Tag-Questions）：
He doesn't know her, does he?
他不认识她，对不对？
3）祈使句（Imperative Sentences）：提出请求，建议或发出命令，例如：
Sit down, please. 请坐。
Don't be nervous! 别紧张！
4）感叹句（Exclamatory Sentences）：表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪，例如：
What good news it is! 多好的消息啊！
（二）句子按其结构可以分为以下三类：
1）简单句（Simple Sentences）：只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句，例如：
She is fond of collecting stamps. 她喜欢集邮。
(主) (谓)
2）并列句（Compound Sentences）：包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子叫并列句，句与句之间通常用并列连词或分号来连接，例如：
The food was good, but he had little appetite.
(主) (谓) (主)(谓)
食物很精美，但他却没什么胃口。
3）复合句（Complex Sentences）：包含一个主句从句和一个或几个从句的句子叫
复合句，从句由从属连词引导，例如：
The film had begun when we got to the cinema.
主句从句
我们到达电影院的时候，电影已经开演了。
（三）基本句型（Basic Sentence Patterns）：英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的：
1）主+ 动（SV）例如：
I work. 我工作。
2）主+ 动+ 表（SVP）例如：
John is busy. 约翰忙。
3）主+ 动+ 宾（SVO）例如：
She studies English. 她学英语。
4）主+ 动+ 宾+ 补（SVOC）例如：
Time would prove me right. 时间会证明我是对的。
5）主+ 动+ 间宾+ 直宾（SVOiOd）例如：
My mother made me a new dress. 我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳。
语法：被动形式表示主动意义
be determined, be pleased, be graduated (from), be finished, be prepared (for), be occupied (in), get marries
He is graduated from a famous university.
他毕业于一所有名的大学。
注意：表示同某人结婚，用marry sb. 或get married to sb. 都可。
He married a rich girl.
He got married to a rich girl.
英语三级考试基本语法：冠词和数词
语法：冠词和数词
不定冠词的用法
冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词（the Definite Article），另一种是不定冠词（the Indefinite Article），还有一种是零冠词（Zero Article）。
不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源，是"一个"的意思。a用于辅音音素前，一般读作[e]，而an则用于元音音素前，一般读做[en]。
1) 表示"一个"，意为one；指某人或某物，意为a certain。
A Mr. Ling is waiting for you.
2) 代表一类人或物。
A knife is a tool for cutting with.
Mr. Smith is an engineer.
3) 词组或成语。
a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden
英语三级考试基本语法：形容词和副词
语法：形容词和副词
形容词及其用法
形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常，可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面。
1) 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如：hot 热的。
2) 叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：afraid 害怕的。
（错）He is an ill man.
（对）The man is ill.
（错）She is an afraid girl.
（对）The girl is afraid.
这类词还有：well，unwell，ill，faint，afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake 等。
3）形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时，要放在这些词之后，例如：
something nice
英语三级考试基本语法：动名词
英语三级语法：动名词
动名词作主语、宾语和表语
1）作主语
Fighting broke out between the South and the North.
南方与北方开战了。
2）作宾语
a. 动词后加动名词doing作宾语V. + doing sth
admit 承认appreciate 感激,赞赏avoid 避免
complete 完成consider 认为delay 耽误
deny 否认detest 讨厌endure 忍受
enjoy 喜欢escape 逃脱prevent阻止
fancy 想象finish 完成imagine 想象
mind 介意miss 想念postpone 推迟
practise 训练recall 回忆resent 讨厌
resist 抵抗resume 继续risk 冒险
suggest 建议face 面对include 包括
stand 忍受understand 理解forgive 宽恕keep 继续
举例：
(1) Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
(2) The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught.
b. 词组后接doing
admit to prefer…to be used to lead to devote oneself to object to stick to busy look forward to(to为介词）
no good, no use, It's worth…, as well as,
can't help, It's no use /good be tired of
be fond of be capable of be afraid of
be proud of think of / about hold off
put off keep on insist on count on / upon
set about be successful in good at take up
give up burst out prevent …from…
3）作表语
Her job is washing，cleaning and taking care of the children.
英语三级考试基本语法：动词
英语三级语法：动词
1）表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。
2）根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类，分别是：实义动词（Notional Verb）、系动词（Link Verb）、助动词（Auxiliary Verb）、情态动词（Modal Verb）。
说明：有些情况下，有些动词是兼类词，例如：
We are having a meeting. 我们正在开会。（having是实义动词。）
He has gone to New York. 他已去纽约。
（has是助动词。）
3）动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词（Transitive Verb）、不及物动词（Intransitive Verb），缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi.。
说明：同一动词有时可用作及物动词，有时可用作不及物动词。例如：
She can dance and sing.
她能***又能跳舞。（sing在此用作不及物动词。）
She can sing many English songs.
她能唱好多首英文歌曲。（sing用作及物动词。）
4）根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制，可分两类，分别是：限定动词（Finite Verb）、非限定动词（Non-finite Verb）例如：
She sings very well.
她唱得很好。（sing受主语she的限制，故用第三人称单数形式sings。）
She wants to learn English well.
她想学好英语。（to learn不受主语she的限制，没有词形变化，是非限定动词。
说明：英语中共有三种非限定动词，分别是：动词不定式（Infinitive）、动名词（Gerund）、分词（Participle）。
5) 根据动词的组成形式，可分为三类，分别是：单字词（One-Word Verb）、短语动词（Phrasal Verb）、动词短语（Verbal Phrase）例如：
The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases.
英语里有许多短语动词和动词短语。（contains是单字动词。）
Students should learn to look up new words in dictionaries.
学生们学会查字典。（look up是短语动词。）
The young ought to take care of the old.
年轻人应照料老人。（take care of是动词短语。）
6）动词有五种形态，分别是：原形（Original Form）、第三人称单数形式（Singular From in Third Personal）、过去式（Past Form）、过去分词（Past Participle）、现在分词（Present Participle）。
英语三级考试基本语法：分词
英语三级语法：分词
分词作定语
分词前置
We can see the rising sun. 我们可以看到东升的旭日
He is a retired worker. 他是位退休的工人
分词后置(i分词词组；ii 个别分词如given, left；iii 修饰不定代词something等) There was a girl sitting there. 有个女孩坐在那里
This is the question given. 这是所给的问题
There is nothing interesting. 没有有趣的东西
过去分词作定语
与其修饰的词是被动关系，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists.
Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa.
典型例题
1) The first textbook ___ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A. have written
B. to be written
C. being written
D. written
答案D. 书与写作是被动关系，应用过去分词做定语表被动，相当于定语从句which is written
2）What's the language ____ in Germany?
A. speaking
B. spoken
C. be spoken
D. to speak
答案B. 主语language与谓语动词之间有被动的含义。
spoken是动词speak的过去分词形式，在句中作定语，修饰主语language, spoken 与language有被动关系。该句可以理解为：
What's the language (which is) spoken in German?
来源:考试大-英语试英语三级考试基本语法：祈使句结构
语法：祈使句结构
祈使句用以表达命令，要求，请求，劝告等。
1）祈使句有两种类型，一种是以动词原形开头，在动词原形之前加do (但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子)。
T ake this seat.
Do be careful.
否定结构：
Don't move.
Don't be late.
2）第二种祈使句以let开头。
Let 的反意疑问句
a. Let's 包括说话者
Let's have another try，shall we / shan't we?
= Shall we have another try?
b. Let us 不包括说话者
Let us have another try，will you / won't you?
= Will you please let us have another try?
否定结构：
Let's not talk of that matter.
Let us not talk of that matter.
英语三级考试基本语法：感叹句结构
感叹句通常有what, how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦、等感情。
what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词，副词或动词，感叹句结构主要有以下几种：
掌握它的搭配，即掌握了感叹句的重点。
How +形容词+ a +名词+ 陈述语序
How+形容词或副词+ 陈述语序
What +名词+ 陈述语序
What+a+形容词+名词+ 陈述语序
What+ 形容词+复数名词+ 陈述语序
What+ 形容词+不可数名词+ 陈述语序
How clever a boy he is!
How lovely the baby is!
What noise they are making!
What a clever boy he is!
What wonderful ideas (we have)!
What cold weather it is!
感叹句的省略形式为：
What a clever boy (he is)!
典型例题
1）___ food you've cooked!
A. How a nice
B. What a nice
C. How nice
D. What nice
答案D. 由于How 修饰形容词，副词；what修饰名词。且food为不可数名词，因此A，B 排除。C How + adj. 后面不能再加名词，因此只有D正确，其句型为What + adj. +n. (不可数)
2）___terrible weather we've been having these days!
A. What
B. What a
C. How
D. How a
答案A. weather为不可数名词，B，D排除。C为how + adj. 后面不应有名词。只有A，符合句型What +形容词+不可数名词。
3) --- _____ I had!
--- You really suffered a lot.
A. What a time
B. What time
C. How a time
D. how time
答案A. 感叹句分两类：
1：What + n.+主谓部分
2：How + adj. / adv. / v.+主谓部分。本题属第一种，但省略了bad，相对于What a bad time I had! 这是个习惯用语。
大学英语三级语法大全 II 倒装：倒装句之全部倒装 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有： 1） here， there， now， then， thus等副词置于句首，谓语动词常用be， come，go， lie， run等表示来去或状态的动词。例如： Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。 Here is your letter. 你的信。 2）表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。例如： Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. 轰炸机肚底下窜出一枚导弹。 Ahead sat an old woman. 前面坐着一个老妪。 注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如： Here he comes. 他来了。 Away they went. 他们走开了。 倒装：以否定词开头作部分倒装 否定词如 Not only…but also， Hardly/Scarcely…when， No sooner… than等放在句首，后面要用倒装。例如： Not only did he refuse the gift， he also severely criticized the sender. 他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批评了送礼的人。 Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 她刚出门，就有个学生来访。 No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 她刚出门，就有个学生来访。 典型例题 No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B. has the game begun C. did the game begin D. had the game begun 答案 D. 以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句（谓语前置）。这类表示否定意义的词有never， seldom， scarcely， little， few， not， hardly，以及not only…but （also）， no sooner…than， hardly… when scarcely… when 等等。 注意：只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构，如Not only you but also I am fond of music. 倒装：倒装句之部分倒装
2002年6月浙江省大学英语三级考试试卷 Part I Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. You will hear the conversation and the question only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you will read the four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the best answer. 1. A) Warm B) Hot. C) Mild. D) Cold. 2. A) In an office B) In a library C) In a classroom D) In a bookstore 3. A) By sea. B) By train. C) By bus. D) By air. 4. A) He is doubtful about the one-bedroom apartment. B) He’s prepared to pay more for the bigger apartment. 、 C) There is a big difference between the apartments. D) The one-bedroom apartment is better as it is cheaper. 5. A) The train may arrive but the woman is not sure. B) The train will probably arrive at 10:45. C) The train broke down and will not arrive. D) The will probably arrive at 9:45 6. A) She will help him next week. B) She has finished her work quickly. C) She had her work done a week ago. D) She did her work carelessly. 7. A) She likes it as well as the man. B) She takes her vacations in autumn. C) She prefers summer. D) She doesn’t like it. 8. A) He’ll play the game. # B) He won’t watch the game standing. C) He’ll watch the game on TV. D) He has little knowledge of the game. 9. A) To learn another language. B) To practice the dialogues. C) To give up French. D) To give up practicing. 10. A) The woman should take her time. B) They are supposed to leave in twenty minutes. C) Alice is arriving in twenty minutes D) They are already late for the appointment. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. The passages will be read 】 twice. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions, which will be read only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the
大学英语三级考试常考词组和固定搭配大学英语三级考试常考词组和固定搭配1、介词+名词 by accident 偶然 on account of 因为，由于 in addition 另外 in addition to 除......之外 in the air 在流行中，在传播中 on (the/an) average 平均，一般来说 on the basis of 根据，在......的基础上 at (the) best 充其量，至多 for the better 好转，改善 on board 在船（车、飞机）上 out of breath 喘不过气来 on business 因公，因事 in any case 无论如何，总之 in case of 假使，万一 in case 假使，以防（万一）免得 in no case 决不 by chance 偶然，碰巧 in charge (of) 负责，主管 (a) round the clock 昼夜不集地 in common 共用，共有，共同 in conclusion 最后，总之 on cond0ition that 在......条件下 in confidence 信任 in connection with/to 关于 in consequence 因此，结果 in consequence of 由于......的缘故 on the contrary 反之，正相反 in contrast with/to 与......成对照 out of control 失去控制 under control 被控制住 at all costs 不惜任何代价 at the cost of 以......为代价 in the course of 在...过程中，在...期间 of course 当然，自然 in danger 在危险中，垂危 out of danger 脱离危险 out of date 过期（时）的 up to date 时新的 in debt 欠债 in detail 详细地 in difficulties 处境困难in the distance 在远处 off duty 下班 on duty 值班，上班 on earth 究竟，到底 at all events 无论如何 in any event 有效；实际上 in the event of 万一，如果发生 for example 例如 with the exception of ......之外 in the face of 面对，不顾，即使 in fact 其实，实际上 on fire 烧着 on foot 步行 in force 有效；实施中 in favo(u)r of 有利于，赞成，支持in front of 在......面前 in (the) future 今后，将来 on guard 警惕，防范 in general 通常，大体上 in half 成两半 at hand 在手边，在附近 from tip to toe 彻着彻尾，完全 by hand 用手 hand down to 往下传，传给（后代）hand in hand 手拉手，携手 in hand 在掌握中，在控制中 on hand 在手边，临近 on (the) one hand ... 一方面......， on the other hand ... 另一方面......，at heart 在内心；实质上 by heart 牢记，凭记忆 at home 在家，在国内；自在，自如in honour of 以纪念，向......表示敬意on one's honour 以名誉担保 in a hurry 匆忙地，立即 for instance 例如，举例说 at intervals 不时，时时 at last 最终，终于 at least 至少，最低限度 in the least 一点，丝毫 at length 终于，最后；详细地 in the light of 按照，根据 in line 成一直线，排成一行 in line with 与......一致，按照
大学英语三级-6 （总分：85.00 ，做题时间：90 分钟） 一、Part I Vocabulary and Structure （总题数：20,分数：20.00） 1.In this battle, about one thousand soldiers were killed and one thousand more _____ . （分数： 1.00 ） A. injured B. hurt C. wounded V D. damaged 解析：动词辨析。wound指外来强力引起的身体损伤，尤其是在战斗中受伤。 2.I believe that our teacher will take your illness into _____ , for she is very considerable. （分数： 1.00 ） A. account V B. regard C. observation D. respect 解析：take sth. into account 意为"把......... 考虑在内"，为固定搭配。 3.Its five years since I was ______ with them, so I don know how they are getting along. （分数： 1.00 ） A. out of control B. out of the question C. out of touch V D. out of sight 解析：out of touch with sb 与某人失去联系。 4. The committee ____ the suggestions the experts made. （分数： 1.00 ） A. acted as B. acted for C. acted on V D. acted up 解析：act on “遵照.... 行事"。 5. Enquiries （询问，打听）__ the condition of patients may be made personally or by telephone. （分数： 1.00 ） A. revealing B. concerning V C. affecting D. containing 解析：动词辨析。concern :与.... 相关，涉及到。 6.Skimming also differs from scanning ____ it is an effort to get general information rather than specific facts. （分数： 1.00 ） A. in which B. for that C. in that V
简单句 谓语动词的变化-时态 So Charles was ahead of the game there, too. （CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section A) The marketers are also seeing big opportunities. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 2) 这些以竹为食的动物正面临许多威胁。(CET 4, 2014.12,Translation) The bamboo-eating animals are facing a lot of threats. … the process of urbanization will only accelerate in the decades to come… (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 1) But the Internet ’ s tremendous impact has only ju st begun. (CET 4, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 1) The royal environmentalist has been promoting radical ideas for most of his adult life. （CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section A) 谓语动词的变化-情态- 3 - …we can reduce urbanization ’s impact on the environment. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 1) 谓语动词的变化-语态 They are only limited by their curiosity and ambition. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 2) Silicon Valley executives are being shamed into adding women to their boards. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 2) 谓语动词的变化-否定 Governments don ’ t need informers any more. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 2) Sports cannot explain these similarities in performance. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section B) 谓语动词的变化-综合 The urbanization wave can ’ t be stopped … (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 1) 土豪和大妈可能会被收入新版牛津（Oxford）英语词典。(CET 6, 2014.06,Translation) The words tuhao and dama may be included in the new edition of Oxford English Dictionary. 主语宾语表语的变化 名词作主语 Many students entering college have weak skills in mathematics. (CET 4, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section A) That change is the rapid acceleration of urbanization. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 1) doing作主语 Finding ways to improve the lives of the remaining 20 percent seems more realistic than trying to restore an imaginary golden age. (CET 4, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 2) to do作主语
1.三级语法考点归纳 2.一．虚拟语气 3.1. if 句中虚拟形式 4.if 引导的非真实条件句（纯粹假设或发生的可能性不大）： 5.条件从句主句 6.与现在相反 did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do 与将来相反 did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do 7.与过去相反 had done would/ should/ might/ could have done 例句 8.If we left (leave) now, we should arrive in time. 9.If they hadn’t gone on vacation, their house wouldn’t have been broken (break) into. 2. 原形虚拟： 10.a. 表命令、决定、要求、建议等词语之后的that-分句中，用动词原形。 11.suggest, demand, advise, propose, order, arrange, insist, command, require, request, desire …… that ＋(should) do 12.例如 He suggested that we should leave early. My suggestion is that we should tell him. 13.b. It is (was) 形容词/名词that …… (should) do/ 14.例如 It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first. 3. 一些句型中的虚拟形式： 15.1. It’s (high, about, the first, etc.) time (that) …动词过去时…例如 It’s time we left. 例如 It is time we went to bed. 2 would rather/sooner 宁愿 as if/ though 好像 16.would rather/sooner 谓语用过去时与现在或者将来相反 as if/ though 谓语用过去完成时与过去相反 4．练习 17.1. I _______ try it again if I_______you. A. will； am B. should； am C. would；were D. would； had been 2. If it _______ not for the water， the plants _______live. 18.A. were； would not B. is； could not C. were； could D. did； could not 3. If I ___ ____ that chance to show my ability, I _______the president of this school. A. have not had； coul d not become B. had not had； would not have become C. did not have； could not become D. doesn’t have； will not become 4. He _______ by that burglar if you _______ to save him. 19.A. might have been killed； hadn’t come B. will be killed； didn’t come C. may be killed； did’t come D. could be killed； haven’t come 5. If it _______for your help， I _______that hard time with so little money. A. were not ； would not spend B. is not； can not spend 20.C. had not been； would not have spent D. have not been； will not spend 6. Where ____ ___ you go if war _______? 21.A. will； breaks out B. do； will break out C. would； were to break out D. will； is to break out 7. She wishes she _______ that humiliating thing. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28.A. doesn’t do B. didn’t do C. haven’t done D. hadn’t done 8. The chairman suggested that the meeting _______ put off. 29.A. can be B. be C. is D. will be 9. It is vital that he _______ immediately.
最新大学英语三级短语 a few 有些,几个all right 好，行as though好像a good deal 大量,许多all the time 一直，始终as to至于，关于a good deal of 大量的,许多的along with 与···一起as usual照常，照例a good many 大量,许多and so forth 等等as well也，又a great deal 大量,许多and so on 等等as well as（除···之外）也，既···又···a great deal of 大量的,许多的and then其次，然后，于是as yet 到目前为止，到那时为止a great many 许多,大量and yet 可是，然而aside from 除···以外a little 一点,稍anything but 除···以外任何事（物），并不，绝at a loss困惑，不知所措a lot 大量，很多arrive at达到，得出at a time每次，一次a lot of 大量的，很多的as…as 像···一样at all costs不惜任何代价，无论如何a matter of（关于···）的问题；大约as a matter of fact 其实，事实上 at any rate无论如何a number of 若干as a result 因此，结果at best充其量，至多a series of 一系列，一连串as a result of 由于···的结果at first最初，起先above all首先，最重要的是as a rule 通常，照例at first sight乍一看，处看起来according to 按照，根据as far as…be concerned 就···来说at hand在手边，附近account for 说明（原因等）as follows 如下at intervals不时，时时add up to 合计，总计as for 至于，就···方面说at large一般，大体上after all 终于，毕竟as good as 和···几乎一样，事实上等于at last 最后，终于ahead of 在···前面as if 好像，仿佛at least至少all at once 突然，同时as long as 只要at length终于，最后；详细地all but 几乎,差一点,除···之外，其余都是as regards 关于,至于at most至多，不超过all over 遍及，到处as soon as 一···就，刚···便at no time从不，绝不 at once 立刻by reason of 由于due to由于，因为at one time 同时;曾经,从前by the way顺便说，附带说一下each other相互at present现在by virtue of 由于either…or…或者···还是，不论···还是at the cost of 以···为代价by way of 经由，通过even if即使，虽然at the mercy of 在···支配下call for 邀约;要求，需要even then即使那样，连···都at the monent现在，此刻call forth唤起，引起;振作起，鼓起even though即使，虽然at the same time 同时，然而call off放弃，取消ever since从那时起，自那时以来at times有时can’t/couldn’t help禁不住，不得不ever so非常，及其back and forth 来来往往的,来回carry into effect使生效，使起作用 every other每隔一个的be able+to V 能，会carry into practice实施，实行except for除···之外be about +to V 即将carry off夺去fall in with符合，与···一致；碰见be absorbed in 专心于carry on 继续下去far from远非；远离be attached to 附属于，隶属于carry out贯彻，执行，实现feel like 欲，想要be concerned with 有关，从事于cast light on 阐明，使明figure out计算出，理解，明白
大学英语 3 级考试真题 一、听力测试(本大题满分25 分，每小题 1 分 ) 做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后再将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 听下面的 8 段短对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从每小题 A 、B 、 C 三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 听每段对话只读一遍。 1.What color skirt does Linda like？ A. Red. B. Green. C. Blue. 2. How is the weather now? A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Rainy. 3. How did they spend their weekend? A. They had a school trip. B. They cleaned up the street. C. They studied for a test. 4. Where will Peter go on vacation? A. To Canada. B. To Australia. C. To Japan. 5. What does Mike’ s father want him to be? A. A soldier. B. A pilot. C. A doctor. 6. Who will repair the bicycle? A. Bill's brother. B. Mrs. Brown's brother. C. Bill. 7. How much is the jacket now? A. 60 dollars. B. 90 dollars. C. 120 dollars. 8. What do we know about Jenny from the conversation? A. She is worried about a coming test. B. She is working hard at physics. C. She didn't pass the recent test. 第二节 下面你将听到 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从每小题A、B、C 三个选项中，选出一个与你听到的对话或独白内容相符的问题的答案。对话或独白读两遍。 听第一段材料回答 9 至 11 小题。 9. How many people will sit at the table? Xk b https://www.doczj.com/doc/ae1765349.html, A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. 10. What is the restaurant famous for? A. Noodles. B. Chicken soup. C. Dumplings. 11. What would they like to drink? A. Fish soup. B. Beer and coke. C. Milk. 听第二段材料回答第12 至 14 小题。 12. Have the speaker ever seen each other? A. Yes, they have. B. No, they haven't. C. We don't know. 13. How often does Lucy play tennis? A. Twice a week. B. Every morning. C. Never. 14. When may they meet again? A. Next morning. B. Next weekend. C. Next weekday. 听第三段材料回答第15 至 17 小题。 15. What's the relationship ( 关系 ) between the two speakers? A. Friends. B. Teacher and student. C. Father and daughter
《英语语法》教学大纲 一、课程性质、地位与任务： 语法是语言的组织规则和结构形式，是结合语音文字系统和语义系统的枢纽。它是社会实际语言现象的科学概括。本专业的语法课程要帮助学生系统了解实用英语的语法规则和结构形式，以便能准确掌握英语语言，并用以指导英语语言实践，提高对语言的分析理解能力，有效提高英语实际应用能力。 二、课程的基本要求： 语法课程要传授知识,同时也要服务于培养语言素质和应用能力这个总目标。学习研究语法要着眼语言的社会实践运用，理论联系实际；了解当前语法也要适当了解语言的发展变化；精讲配合多练，从而让学生打好语言基础，提高语言素质。 三、本课程与其他课程的联系： 它是基础阅读课（精读、泛读）的基础，使学生通过大量的联系掌握语法基础，为听说读写提供基本的保障。该课程可使学生更加轻松的学习英语专业的学生在一、二年级精读、泛读课中所学过的语言材料。提升学生的学习兴趣。打下牢固的语言基础。 四、教学内容、基本要求及学时安排： 教学内容：本课程计划学时数为32学时，以赵萍主编的《新编高职高专英语语法教程》为教材。在语法内容结构上，循序渐进，从词素到单词，从单词到句子，从句子到语篇再到语段，环环相扣，从而使学生能够一面把握细节，一面掌握整个的英语语法体系。 课程内容和学时安排 授课次序授课内容学时数1导论、各个词类（名词、冠词、代词、数词、 8 动词、助动词、动名词、形容词、副词、连词 及其介词） 2 动词时态 2 3 被动语态 2
4 虚拟语气 2 5 非限定动词（不定式、-ING分词、-ED分词） 2 6 句子类型和直接、间接引语 2 7 名词性从句和定语从句 4 8 状语从句和it的用法 2 9 主谓一致 2 10 替代、省略、前置与倒装 2 11 复习及练习 4 教学要求： 第一讲导论、各个词类 1．教学目标：导论：让学生了解语法课程的性质、作用和学习方法 掌握名词、限定词、代词、助动词的定义及它们在句子中的功能和用法。形 容词的分类及用法、副词的分类及用法、介词的分类及用法 2．教学内容：导论：语法课程的性质、作用和学习方法 名词的类别、限定词的搭配、代词与其先行项的一致、情态助动词的意义。 形容词、副词、介词的类型，形容词作修饰语和补语，副词做修饰语和状语， 介词与其他词类的搭配 第二讲动词时态 1．教学目标：掌握英语中各个时态的用法和部分时态的异同 2．教学内容：动词的分类、一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行体、完成体、完成进行体 和将来时间表示法 第三讲被动语态 1．教学目标：掌握被动态的结构模式、被动态的英汉互译及其使用场合 2．教学内容：几种不同类型动词的被动模式，英汉被动意义表示法和使用被动态的制约因 素 第四讲虚拟语气 1．教学目标：掌握虚拟语气的用法 2．教学内容：虚拟语气的结构模式和在不同场合下的使用 第五讲非限定动词（不定式、-ING分词、-ED分词） 1．教学目标：掌握不定式、-ING分词、-ED分词的用法 2．教学内容：不定式的结构形式、不定式搭配和ING分词的搭配、ED分词作修饰语 第六讲句子类型和直接、间接引语 1．教学目标：掌握句子的类型，直接引语和间接引语的互换 2．教学内容：句子的的基本形式及其变体，各类句子的间接引语
大学英语三级语法大全II 倒装：倒装句之全部倒装 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有： 1）here，there，now，then，thus等副词置于句首，谓语动词常用be，come，go，lie，run等表示来去或状态的动词。例如： Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。 Here is your letter. 你的信。 2）表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。例如： Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. 轰炸机肚底下窜出一枚导弹。 Ahead sat an old woman. 前面坐着一个老妪。 注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如： Here he comes. 他来了。 Away they went. 他们走开了。 倒装：以否定词开头作部分倒装 否定词如Not only…but also，Hardly/Scarcely…when，No sooner…than等放在句首，后面要用倒装。例如： Not only did he refuse the gift，he also severely criticized the sender. 他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批评了送礼的人。 Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 她刚出门，就有个学生来访。 No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 她刚出门，就有个学生来访。 典型例题 No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B.has the game begun C. did the game begin D.had the game begun 答案D. 以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句（谓语前置）。这类表示否定意义的词有never，seldom，scarcely，little，few，not，hardly，以及not only…but （also），no sooner…than，hardly…when scarcely…when等等。 注意：只有当Not only…but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only…but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构，如Not only you but also I am fond of music. 倒装：倒装句之部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do，does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
大学英语三级考试语法复习要点 一、动词的时态和语态 1. 动词的时态 1.1一般现在时（am/is/are+v-原） 1.1.1在下列从句中，主句如用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时1)由when, until, the moment, as soon as, after, the next time和if, unless, in case, whether, as long as, once, however，provided that, supposing 等连词引导的时间状语和条件状语从句中。 e.g. If she doesn’t tell him the truth now, he?ll simply keep on asking her until she does. Keep on doing sth继续做某事 He will call you up the moment he finishes the work. You won?t pass the exam unless you study harder. 2)在定语从句中，如，Be quick, or the train will have left by the time we get to the station 3)名词性的wh-, that- 从句中,如：They will be thankful for whatever help you offer him. 4)让步状语从句（从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时）： e.g.Whether the weather is good or bad,… No matter whether you agree or not… However carefully you drive… 1.1.2 表示客观事实和真理的句子任何时候都用一般现在时。 e.g.In the past many people didn?t believe that the earth is round. 1.1.3 在某些常用的句中表示在一个具体的现在时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。 e.g.Here he comes. There goes the bell. 1.2 一般过去时（was/were+v-原） 1) 当提及过去存在的人或物时，即使句中没有表明过去的时间状语，该句的谓语动词也应该用一般过去时。 e.g.Dickens was a great English writer. When did you write the story? 2) 在表示时间或条件的状语从句中代替过去将来时。 e.g.They said they would let us know if they heard any news about him. I decided to go to the library as soon as I finished what I was doing. 1.3 一般将来时：表示将来打算进行或期待发生的动作或存在的状态。表示将来 的谓语结构有： shall/will do
大学英语三级词汇表下载： A a,an art.一，任一，每一 abandon v.1.放弃，2.离弃，抛弃 ability n.1.能力 2.才能,能力 able a.1.有能力的，有才干的 2.显示出才华的be~ to V.能,会 aboard ad.在船（飞机，车）上 prep.在（船.飞机.车）上 about prep.1. 在…周围，2.关于，对于 ad.1.周围,附近,到处2.大约 be ~ to V.即将 above prep. 高于，在…之上 a.上面的，上述的 ad.以上，在上面 abroad ad.到国外，在国外 absence n.1.不在，缺席，2.缺乏，没有 absent a.(from)不在的,缺席的 absolute a.完全的,绝对的 absorb vt.吸收 be ~ed in专心于 abstract a. 抽象的 n.摘(提)要 vt. 提(抽)取 abuse n.& v.1.滥用, 2.辱骂 academic a.1.学院的, 2.学术的 accent n.1.口音，腔调 2.重音 accept vt.1.接受，领受 2.同意,承认 acceptable a.可接受的 access n.1.接近. 进入，接近（或进入）的方法 have/gain ~ to 可以获得accident n.事故，意外的事 by ~ 偶然 accompany vt.1.伴随,陪同 2.为……伴奏 accomplish vt.完成 according ~ to 按照,根据 account n.1.账,账户 2叙述,说明 vt.说明 ~ for说明(原因等) on ~ of 因为 take into ~ 考虑 accuracy n.准确(性),精确(性) accurate a.准确的,精确的 accuse vt.(of)控告,谴责 ache vi.痛 n.痛,疼痛 achieve vt.1.完成 2.达到,得到 achievement n.1.完成,达到, 2.成就,成绩 acid n.酸 a.酸的 acquire vt.1.取得,获得 2.学到 across prep.1.横过,穿过 2.在……对面与……交叉 ad. 1.横过,穿过2.宽,阔 act vi.1.行动,做事 2.(on)作用 n.行为,动作 action n.1.行动,行为,活动 2.(on) 作用于 active a.1.有活动力的,积极的,活跃的 2.在活动中的 activity n.1.活动 2.活性,活力 actor n.男演员