第五单元预习简学Unit 5：What were you doing when the rainstorm came暴风雨来临时你在做什么
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预习简学 一.短语
①at the time of 当……时候 ②go off（闹钟）发出响声 ③miss the bus错过公交车 ④take a hot shower洗热水澡 ⑤pick up接电话 ⑥in a mess一团糟 ⑦make sure确信，确认 ⑧beat against… 拍打… ⑨fall asleep 睡着 ⑩die down逐渐变弱，逐渐消失 ⑪bring……together使……靠拢 ⑫break…apart使…分离 ⑬In times of difficulty在困难的时候 ⑭take down 拆除，摧毁 ⑮in silence沉默，无声 ⑯at first首先；最初 （17）wait for等候 （18）clean up打扫干净；整理 （19）more recently最近地 (20)make one’s way行走；前进 (21)have a look看 (22)point out 指出 (23)tell the truth说实话 (24)get to到达 (25)go away消失；离开 （26）as well也 （27）call out喊出 二、用法集萃 1. be busy doing sth. 忙着做某事 2. see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事/see sth. doing sth.看见某物正在做某事 3.begin/start to do sth.开始做某事 4.try to do sth.努力去做某事（try doing sth.试着做某事） 5.have trouble（in）doing sth.做某事有困难 三、辨析 1. 辨析 first of all, firstly, at first与first 单词/短语 单词/短语 词义 用法 First of all 首先， 第一 表示根据时间顺序依次列出一系列事情，常与then, next等连用
firstly 第一 用于列举一系列原因、看法、或评论等，常与secondly, thirdly等连用
At first 起初 用于表示一段时间，与稍后时间作比较，常与later, soon等连用。
First 首先，第一（次） 用法同first of all ,还可用于“第一个做„„”和“第一次”等。 2.辨析try to do sth. 与 try doing sth. try to do sth. “努力去做；试图去做” I’ll try to get there on time.我会尽量准时赶到那里
try doing sth. “试着去做” You could try phoning his home number. 你可以试着打他家里的电话。 3.辨析 asleep，sleepy与 sleeping asleep “睡着”常作表语 He is asleep on the sofa. 他在沙发上睡着了。
sleepy “要睡的；困倦的；寂静的”可以作表语和定语 I feel sleepy. I’m going to bed. 我感到困了，我要去睡觉了
sleeping “睡着的”作定语；还可表示与睡有关的东西， 如sleeping bag(睡袋)，sleeping car(卧铺车厢)， Sleeping pill (安眠药) A young woman with a sleeping baby in her arms got on the bus. 一个年轻的妇女，怀里抱着一个睡着的孩子，上了公共汽车。
习题：（2011·江苏盐城）根据句意和首字母提示完成句子
My mother was so tired that she fell a when watching TV. 解析：句意：我的妈妈如此累以至于看电视时睡着了。Fall sleep 意为“入睡，睡着”故填asleep 4.辨析either, also与too either “也”用于否定句，一般放在句末 I didn’t come to school yesterday, either.我昨天也没来学校
also “也”一般用于肯定句和疑问句，常放在句中 She speaks English and she also writes English.她说英语也写英语
too “也”一般用于肯定句和疑问句，常放在句末 Are you going to work, too? 你也去上班么？
5.辨析rise 与 raise rise “升起；提高；增加”做不及物动词，主语常为物 ① The sun is rising.太阳正在升起。
② The river rose yesterday afternoon.昨天下午河水上涨了。 raise “升起；提高；增加”做及物动词，主语常为人 The girl raised the box to the truck.女孩将箱子搬到卡车上。 6.辨析 alone 与 only alone “只有，仅仅”要放在被修饰的名词或代词之后 She did the work for money alone.她做这份工作仅仅是为了钱。
only “只有，仅仅”要放在被修饰的名词或代词之前 Only he knows the truth.只有他知道真相。
7.辨析 as well 与 as well as as well “也，还”作副词 He is a singer , and an actor as well.他既是歌手，也是演员。
as well as “既„又„；不仅„而且„”做并列连词 She grows flowers as well as vegetables.她既种菜也种花。
8.辨析 while 与 when while “当„的时候；在„的期间”其谓语必须为延续性动词， 常用于过去进行时态中 While he was walking in the park, the accident happened. 当他在公园散步时，意外发生了 when “当„的时候”其谓语可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词 The sun was rising when we got to the top of the mountain. 当我们到达山顶时，太阳正在升起 习题：用when或while填空 1.______I came in. she was writing a letter. 2._______I was sleeping, a thief went into my house. 3. He was singing ________I was writing. 4._______I got to Beijing, I called up Lily first. 5. They were singing _______we were dancing. 四、重点句 1.—— What were you doing at eight last night? 昨天晚上八点你在做什么？
——I was taking a shower. 我正在洗澡。
2. When it began to rain, Ben was helping his mom make dinner. 当开始下雨时，本帮助他的妈妈做晚餐。 3.—— What was Jenny doing while Linda was sleeping? 琳达睡觉时珍妮在干什么？ ——While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework.琳达睡觉时，珍妮帮助玛丽做作业。
4. With no light outside , felt like midnight. 外面没有光亮，感觉像是半夜。 5. Why did you call so many times? 你为什么打那么多次电话呢？ 6. Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors closer together. 虽然这场暴风雨把许多东西分散开了，但是他使许多家庭和邻居们关系更亲近了 7. What were people doing yesterday at the time of the rainstorm? 昨天暴风雨时人们正在做什么？
8. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m. 当大约凌晨三点风在逐渐变弱时他终于睡着了
语法要点总结 过去进行时 （1） 过去进行时是的用法 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作，由“was/were+现在分词”构成 以动词work为例，其肯定式、否定式和疑问式见下表： 肯定式 否定式 I /He/She/It was working. We/You/They were working. I //He/She/It was not working. We/You/They were not working.
疑问式和简略回答 Was I working? Yes, you were. No, you were not. Were you working? Yes, I was. No, I wasn’t. Was he/she/it working? Yes, he/she/it was. No, he/she/it wasn’t.
Were we/you/they working? Yes, you/we /they were. No, you/we/they weren’t.
表示过去进行时的时间状语有： at that time, this time yesterday, at ten yesterday evening, from eight to twelve yesterday, 以及when, while 引导的时间状语从句。
