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北师大版初中英语七年级升八年级专题2 词性成分

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模块二：词性、句子成分、简单句结构 1 七年级升八年级暑假衔接系统训练2 姓名：_________  电影美文 Life was like a box of chocolates, you never know what you’re gonna get. 生命就像一盒巧克力，结果往往出人意料 . 《阿甘正传》  词性 词类 英语名称 意义 例词 名词 表示人或事物的名称 冠词 用在名词前帮助说明名词所指代的人或事物。

代词 用来代替名词、形容词或数词。 形容词 用以修饰名词， 表示人或事物的特征。

数词 表示数量或顺序。 动词 表示动作或状态。 副词 修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。 介词 表示名词、代词等和句中其他词的关系。 连词 用来连接词与词、短语与短语或句与句。 感叹词 表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。 oh,hi,wow! Emm. 练习：指出下列每个词的词性。 We went camping in a small village in India. First, we took a long bus ride to a lake in the countryside. There we

put up our tents and made a fire to keep us warm and cook food on. On the first night, we just sat under the moon and told each other stories. But I was so tired that I went to sleep early.  句子成分 英语的句子成分总共七个: 主语、谓（系）语、宾语、表语、补语、定语、状语。 1.主语 The book is expensive. Eating is important. Being a teacher is hard. 2.谓语 I will buy a new book tomorrow. I am working now. 系语He is a teacher. He always keeps silent at meeting. He became mad. 3. 表语 Lily is a worker. she is in the classroom 4. 宾语 I bought a book yesterday. I gave her a book. 5. 宾语补足语I call her Mary. I made her happy. 6. 状语就是说明谓语的情况。 状语只跟谓语有关系。 状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词语来担当。 I will go tomorrow. I am happy here/ there. She reads English loudly. I usually go home after work. I will marry you, if you love me. 7. 定语 her pen Bob’s house three books a bottle of water 模块二：词性、句子成分、简单句结构 2 The people in the park are dancing. I have some homework to do。 This is the person who can speak 10 languages.  五种简单句型结构 1、主语+谓语（不及物动词）+ 状语（表示动作） I work every day. “ work”是不及物动词作谓语, “every day” 是时间状语。I live in Puning city. “live ”是不及物动词作谓语, “in Puning city”是地点状语。 2、 主语+ 系动词+ 表语+ 状语（表示状态） She is rich now. I am in Guangdong now. I was a worker before. 3、 主语+ 谓语（及物动词）+ 宾语+ 状语 （表示动作） I read English every morning. read 是及物动词作谓语， English 是名词作宾语， every morning 是时间状语。 4、 主语+ 谓语（及物动词）+ 间接宾语 +直接宾语 + 状语 （表示动作） I gave her a book yesterday. gave 是及物动词作谓语， her 是间接宾语， book 是直接宾语， yesterday 是时间状语。 5、 主语+ 谓语（及物动词）+ 宾语+ 补语+ 状语 （表示动作） I made her happy yesterday. made是及物动词作谓语， her 作宾语，happy 是形容词作补语，yesterday 是时间状语。 练习：一、分析下列句子的成分并翻译。 1. My brother does his homework. 2. People all over the world speak English. 3. Some of the students in the school want to go swimming. 4. They made him feel relaxed. 5. The next morning, my sister and I got a terrible surprise. 6. This was a very useful lesson for me. 7. It was difficult to take photos. 8. Then the guide taught us something very important. 二、翻译下列句子。 1. 鸟儿能飞。

2. 妈妈给她买了一件红色的毛衣。 3. 班上的一些学生想在今天晚上在游泳池游泳。 4. 我们学校篮球队队长是一个长头发戴眼镜的男生。 5. 今天早上我给每个学生看了十件东西. 6. 这堂有趣的课让我们感到非常开心。 7. 在学习日，我们必须在晚上十点之前回家。 模块二：词性、句子成分、简单句结构 3 8. 星期天我早上七点半起床，中午和妈妈一起去动物园，短暂休息以后，去买了东西，下午和朋友一起去踢足球。

 限时阅读训练 A It was a Sunday afternoon. It was very__1__and nobody wanted to stay at home. Mike decided to go swimming in the river. His brother, Jim, wanted to go with him. "__2__him with you, Mike," said their father. "He will do what you say, I think." They got__3__the river quickly. A lot of people were__4__in it. Mike told Jim to play on the bank, then he__5__into the water. About an hour later, Mike swam to the bank with a fish in his hand. Jim was very__6__. He found a bottle and put the fish in it. Jim did__7__except watch the fish that evening. Suddenly Mike heard Jim__8__in the room. He ran to him and asked, "What's wrong__9__you, Jim?" "The fish has died (死了)." Jim said, "I thought it was__10__. So I took it out of the bottle and put it on the chair. I only wanted it to have a rest." ( )1. A. warm B. hot C. cool D. cold ( )2. A. Carry B. Bring C. Take D. Catch ( )3. A. to B. at C. of D. for ( )4. A. washing B. running C. resting D. swimming ( )5. A. ran B. walked C. fell D. jumped ( )6. A. happy B. angry C. sad D. sorry ( )7. A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anything ( )8. A. singing B. crying C. smiling D. laughing ( )9. A. with B. from C. to D. on ( )10.A. hungry B. free C. tired D. busy B Peter was a good boy in the past. He studied hard at school. But 1 his parents divorced(离婚), many people thought he wasn’t a good boy any more. Peter began to arrive 2 for school. His teacher told him to get to school on time, but he __3___did as the teacher said. Sometimes when he got to school, the first 4 was over. In class, he didn’t 5 the teacher; he slept. He didn’t like talking to others any more. He often 6 with other boys after school. Once he had to be in hospital for a week, but he didn’t stop. His 7 couldn’t stand him. They told Peter he must leave school if he broke(违反) the school 8 again. On weekends Peter stayed at home and 9 all day playing computer games. When he felt hungry, he only ate some snacks(零食). Nobody 10 for him. He lived with his father. But his father wasn’t often at home. Who can help Peter? ( )1. A. before B. after C. if D. when ( )2. A. late B. later C. early D. soon ( )3. A. really B. often C. never D. always ( )4. A. day B. class C. show D. time

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北师大版初中英语八年级上册句法知识讲解--- Unit 2 Teams(句式)

北师大版初中英语八年级上册句法知识讲解--- Unit 2 Teams(句式)

Unit 2 Teams句式精讲精练：句式精讲1.You can bring a video camera or a mobile phone from home.辨析：bring, take 和get2.You must test the plane in front of your teacher and your classmates in the playground.in front of 意为“在……的前面”，指在某一事物的外部的前面。

其反义词为behind，意为“在……的后面”。

例如：There is a car in front of the house. 在房子前面有辆汽车（汽车在房子外面）。

【括展】in the front of… 意为“在……的前面”，指在某一事物的内部的前面。

其反义词组为at the back of…意为“在……（范围内）的后部”。

例如：The man is in the front of the car and the dog is in front of the car.那个人在汽车的前部（汽车里面的前面），狗在汽车的前面（汽车外面的前面）。

3.You can borrow books from the library, but you have to return them on time.辨析：borrow, lend 与keep.【巧记】“借”有巧法“借”看执行者，”借出”，用lend；”借入”是borrow。

如果用keep，表示”借多久”。

4.I think it’s important to listen to each other in group discussions.本句是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句，从句是一个It’s+形容词（+for sb.）+to do sth的句型，意为“做某事（对某人来说）是……的”。

其中it是形式主语，没有实际意义，真正的主语在后面的动词不定式（短语）。

北师大版七年级上册英语单词默写表

北师大版七年级上册英语单词默写表

北师大版七年级上册英语单词默写表以下是一份北师大版七年级上册英语单词默写表的部分内容，涵盖了几个主要单元的核心词汇：Get Ready A词性英文单词中文释义pron. You 你；您；你们n. country 国家；农村；乡下excl. Hi 喂；嗨pron. everyone 每人；人人det. my 我的n. name 名字；名称v. be (am, is, are) 是pron. what 什么det. your 你的；您的；你们的pron. I 我adj. nice 令人愉快的；宜人的prep. to 给；对；向；到v. meet 遇见；相遇adv. also 也；又；太；过于prep. from 来自；源于；出自excl. No 不；没有；不是adv. where 在哪里；到哪里词性英文单词中文释义adj. cool 妙极的；酷的；凉爽的pron. he 他pron. she 她pron. it 它pron. we 我们pron. they 他们；她们；它们excl. Yeah 是；好conj. and 和；与n. friend 朋友art. a/an 一（人、事、物）n. student 学生n. time 时间；终点；时刻n. morning 早晨；上午n. afternoon 下午n. evening 晚上；傍晚n. night 夜；夜晚adj. good 令人愉快的；好的excl. Goodbye/Bye 再见；再会Get Ready Bn. subject 学科；科目n. art 美术；艺术n. Chinese 汉语；中文；中国人adj. Chinese 中国的；中国人的n. geography 地理（学）n. history 历史课；历史n. math 数学n.P.E.（=physical education）体育（课）n. science 科学；自然科学v. look 看；瞧；看来好像pron. this 这；这个num. thirteen 十三n. age 年纪；年龄；年adj. old 老的；不年轻的；旧的det. our 我们的pron. that 那；那个n. brother 兄；弟pron. his 他的prep. at 在（某处）；在（某时间或时刻）n. sport 体育运动adj. favorite 最喜欢的n. favorite 最喜爱的人或物n. city 城市adj. family 家庭的n. family 家庭num. one 一n. sister 姐；妹det. their 他们的；她们的；它们的pron. its 它的num. two 二Get Ready C词性英文单词中文释义n. member 成员n. aunt 姑母；姨母；伯母；婶母；舅母n. grandmother （外）祖母；奶奶；外婆n. grandfather （外）祖父；爷爷；外公n. uncle 舅父；叔父；伯父；姑父；姨父n. photo 照片prep. of 属于（某人或某事）；关于（某人或某事）n. week 星期；周pron. who 谁；什么人v. have 有；吃；喝v. love 爱；热爱；喜爱pron. us 我们art. a/an 一（人、事、物）adj. handsome 英俊的n. man 成年男子；男人prep. over超过；在……的远端；在……的上面；遍及pron. both 两个都v. ride 骑（马、自行车）n. bicycle 自行车n. job/work 工作n. bus 公共汽车；巴士n. driver 驾驶员；司机n. cook 厨师v. cook 烹饪n. doctor 医生；大夫n. factory 工厂n. worker 工人；工作者n. farmer 农场主；农人n. nurse 护士n. taxi 出租车Get Ready D词性英文单词中文释义n. classroom 教室n. thing 东西；物品n. chalk 粉笔n. player 播放机；运动员n. exercise 习题；练习；运动v. exercise 锻炼；运动n. plant 植物v. plant 种植n. tape recorder 录音机n. schoolbag 书包n. TV/television 电视；电视机n. watch 手表v. watch 看；观看n. window 窗户n. blackboard 黑板n. chair 椅子n. desk 书桌；写字台；办公室n. dictionary 词典；字典n. door 门n. eraser 橡皮；黑板擦n. picture 图画；照片n. ruler 尺n. shelf 架子；搁板n. woman 成年女子；妇女n. child/children 儿童；子女prep. under在……下面prep. near紧邻；在……近旁prep. on在……之上prep. between在……之间；介于……之间n. bag 书包；袋子n. box 盒；箱n. brush 刷子；画笔请注意，这只是一个部分默写表，完整的默写表应包含该册书所有单元的单词。

初中英语语法——简单句

初中英语语法——简单句

初中英语语法——简单句英语句子以谓语动词为中心，前面是动作的执行者主语（被动语态除外）后面是动作的承受者。

简单句指的是只含有一个谓语的句子；含有两个及以上谓语的就是复合句（后面专题待续）。

1．英语的句子成分组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。

英语的基本成分包括主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语等。

主语（S ubject）是句子的主题，是说明的对象。

一般为名词（短语）、代词、数词、动名词（短语）、不定式（短语）或从句；置于句首。

谓语（V erb动词），用于说明或描述主语的行为动作或状态。

由动词或动词短语充当；在句子中位于主语之后。

宾语（O bject）表示动作支配的对象，有单宾语、双宾语之分；双宾语又分为直接宾语和间接宾语。

宾语可以由名词（短语）、代词、数词、不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）、从句等充当；一般位于及物动词（短语）和介词后面。

表语（P redicative）说明主语的身份、特征或状态。

可以由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）等充当；在句中位于系动词之后。

定语（attribute）是用于修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句，可分为前置定语和后置定语。

一般由形容词、名词、形容词性物主代词、数词、分词、介词短语、不定式（短语）、从句等充当。

状语（adverbial）用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征。

可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、方式、伴随、条件、让步等；其位置非常灵活。

补语（C omplement）用于补充说明主语或宾语的，最常用的是宾语补足语。

宾语补足语可由名词（短语）、形容词、副词、动词不定式（短语）、介词（短语）等充当。

2．英语简单句的六种基本句型①主语+系动词+表语S十V十P主系表结构➢English is very easy. 英语很容易。

（be动词）➢It smells delicious. 它闻起来好香。

（感官动词，smell, taste, look, sound, feel）➢The food has gone bad.食物已经变质了。

初中英语专题一句子成分分析(学生版)

初中英语专题一句子成分分析(学生版)

五种基本句型及句子成分的分析第一节破解英语句子之密码“钥匙”——五种基本句型下面我们将具体讲解这五种基本句型五种基本句型之主（语）＋系（动词）＋表（语）首先我们来认识主语，主语是五种基本句型都具备的。

从位置上来看，主语一般在句子开头，也就是一个句子的“头把交椅”从意义上理解，主语一般是一个句子的“陈述对象”，后面的一切都是针对主语来说的，那么常坐这把“交椅”的会是什么词呢，一般是名词或代词（当然还有其他，这里暂且不表）系动词是联系动词的简称，顾名思义，它是起到联系作用的动词，是连接主语和表语的。

系动词的数量是有限的，常见的只有十来个，我们把它们分成四组，这样有助于我们记忆系动词：一 be动词类： am、 is 、are 、was 、were二表示变化类：become、 get 、 turn 、 grow 、go三感官动词类: 眼（look ）耳(sound)鼻(smell)舌(taste)身(feel)四表示延续性的动词：remain 、stay 、keep表语有两个特征：一位置上来讲，它总是在系动词后面系动词和表语相互依存二从意义上讲，表语通常是来说明主语的性质、特征的。

表语通常是由形容词、介词短语、名词、代词、动词不定式、doing 等来充当。

上面就是对主系表结构的简要介绍，其中，系动词是主系表结构的核心，它是这个结构的标志，看到了系动词，也就能立刻判断出句子的结构是主系表，因此，记住系动词非常重要。

练习二找出下面句子中的主语、系动词及表语，并指出主语和表语分别是由什么词性或词类来充当的。

1 Tom is a student.2 He is fat.3 I am tired .4 We are students.5 The bag was lost .6 The boy was foolish .7 They were kind.8 She is in the room.9 The books are on the desk.10 Snow is white.11 Kate was here yesterday.12 My father became a teacher in 1978.13 The weather gets hot in summer.14 She looks beautiful.15 The flower smells good.16 We were very happy.17 You are right.18 The soup tastes delicious.19 The chair is yours. 20 The children are asleep.21 The story is interesting.22 He feels better today.23 The leaf turns green.24 I stayed awake all the night.25 The weather still remained cold in April.26 The little girl is six.27 My work is to look after the baby.28 His job is taking care of the patient.29 The girl is very pretty.30 He went mad.31 Please don’t get angry.32 The weather is getting colder and colder.33 You look angry.34 She looks like her mother.35 You look unhappy, what’s the matter?36 Those roses smell beautiful.37 This tastes nice. What’s in it?38 Do you feel happy?39 He remained silent.40 The weather is going to stay fine.41 M y job is teaching English．42 She is at home．43 I feel terrible．44 He is older than he looks．他比看上去要老。