CATIA材料库中英文对照表序号英文中文序号英文中文Construction(建筑材料) 21 Red Carpet 红地毯1 tiling 瓷砖、盖瓦22 Red Leather 红皮革2 Bathroom Floor 浴室地板23 Sponge 海棉3 concrete 水泥、混凝土24 Variegated Blues 有斑痕的蓝4 Dirty Wall 脏墙25 Wallpaper 墙纸5 Floor 地板26 Wallpaper Strip 长条墙纸6 Grass 绿草Metal(金属材料)7 Grate 木栅 1 Aluminium 铝8 Hexagonal Tiling 六边形瓷砖 2 Brass 黄铜9 Kitchen Floor 厨房地板 3 Bronze 青铜10 Marble Paving 大理石面 4 Brushed metal 低碳钢11 No skid 无痕的 5 Chroma12 Old Tile 旧瓷砖 6 Copper 紫铜13 Pavement 人行道7 Eroded metal 被腐蚀的金属14 Pebble 鹅卵石8 Gold 金子15 Plaster 石膏,灰泥9 Iron 碳钢16 PVC 塑料10 Lead 铅17 Road 路面11 Magnesium 镁18 Roof 屋顶12 Nickel 镍19 Roughcast 粗糙的13 Silver 银20 Stone Wall 石墙14 Steel 钢21 Tarmac 沥青15 Titanium 钛22 Turf 草地16 Tungsten 钨23 Wall of Brick 砖墙17 Uranium 铀24 Wall of Castle 城墙18 Yellow brass 黄铜25 Wall of Stones 石墙19 zinc 锌26 White Tile 白瓷砖Other(其它)27 White Wall 白墙 1 Air Camouflage 云28 Wood Floor 木板 2 Amber Mirror 琥珀镜面29 Wood Roof 木屋顶 3 Black Grid 黑色格子Fabrics(纺织物) 4 Black smoke 黑烟1 Alcantara 5 Blue Grid 蓝格子2 Beige Leather 米黄色皮革 6 Bright Plastic 明亮的塑料3 Black Leather 黑色皮革7 Chessboard 方格板子4 Blue Carpet 蓝色地毯8 Cloudy sky 多云的天空5 Blue Leather 蓝色皮革9 DS star 数据装饰6 Blue Jeans 蓝色牛仔10 Epoxy7 Brown Carpet 褐色(棕色)地毯11 Flat Polystyrene8 Brown Fiber 褐色(棕色)纤维12 Glass 玻璃9 Brown Leather 褐色(棕色)皮革13 Grey sky 灰色的天空10 Canvas 帆布14 Ground Camouflage 土地伪装11 Claret Carpet 15 Mirror 镜面12 Dashboard 仪表盘16 Multicoloured Flag 多彩的旗子13 Fabric 布17 Neons Wall14 Feline Skin 猫皮18 Ox B&W Stripes Ｘ向条纹15 Green Leather 绿色皮革19 Ｏy B&W Stripes Ｙ向条纹16 Grey Carpet 灰色地毯20 ＯB&W Stripes Ｚ向条纹17 Honeycomb 蜂窝21 Plastic 塑料18 Leather 皮革22 Plexiglass 胶制玻璃19 Nylon 尼龙23 Rainy Sky 下雨的天空20 Office Carpet 办公室地毯24 Ｒaw Polystyrene序号英文中文序号英文中文25 Rubber 橡胶10 dark green 暗绿色26 Slightly Cloudy 少云11 dull beige 纯米黄色27 Smoked Glass 熏的玻璃12 dull blue 纯蓝色28 Solar Panel 太阳能面板13 dull brown 纯褐色29 Strip Wall 长条墙14 dull green 纯绿色30 Summer sky 夏天的天空15 dull orange 纯橙色31 Sunset 日落16 green 绿色32 Water 水17 grey 灰色Painting(水彩画) Stone1 Aluminium Grey 铝灰色Alabaster 雪白的2 Black 黑色blue onyx 蓝色玛瑙3 Bordeaux Red 葡萄酒红色brown onyx 褐色玛瑙4 Bottle Green 绿瓶子carrare marble5 China Blue 蓝瓷器dark stone 黑色石头6 Dark Grey 黑灰色diamond 钻石7 Dark yellow 黄黑色DS marble 大理石(数据)8 DS black 黑色(数据) emerald 绿宝石9 DS dark Green 黑绿色(数据) flint 打火石10 DS dark red 红黑(数据) granite 花岗岩11 DS Gold 金色(数据) green onyx 绿色玛瑙12 DS green 绿色(数据) ground 土色13 DS Light blue 亮蓝色(数据) italian marble 意大利大理石14 DS red 红色(数据) malachite15 DS yellow 黄色(数据) marble 大理石16 Fire red 火红marble tile 大理石砖17 Gold Metal 金子pink granite 粉红色花岗岩18 Green Blue 蓝绿色pink marble 粉红色大理石19 Grey Blue 蓝灰色sand 砂20 intensive green 深绿slate 石片21 lemon yellow 柠檬黄St remy marble22 light Beige 较亮的米黄色white onyx 白色玛瑙23 Light Green 亮绿色Wood(木材)24 Longchamp Green alpine fir 高山的大树25 Metal Blue 金属蓝bark 箱子26 Metal Green 金属绿beech 山毛榉27 Oil blue 蓝油birch 桦木28 orange 橙色bright oak 明亮的橡树29 Pastel green 绿色蜡笔cedar 西样杉30 purple grey 紫灰色cork 软木31 silver grey 银灰色dark oak 暗橡木32 sunshine orange 阳光橙色elm gnarl 粗糙的榆树33 white 白色fence 栅栏Shape Review india teak 印度?树1 beige 米黄色kingwood 西阿拉黄檀木2 blue 蓝色mahogany 红木3 bright orange 亮橙色oak 橡树4 brown 褐色(棕色) pine 松树5 crisp beige 浅黄色red wood 红松6 crisp blue 浅蓝色rosewood 玫瑰树7 crisp brown 浅褐色scandinavian fir 斯堪的纳维来的枞木8 crisp green 浅绿色teak9 crisp orange 栈橙色timber 木料walnut 胡桃wild cherry 未盛开的樱桃wild walnut 未盛开的胡桃。
保留建筑EXISTING BUILDING已建建筑AS-BUILT新建建筑NEW BUILDING道路ROADWAY绿化LANDSCAPE汽车流线CAR ACCESS行人流线WALK ACCESS消防车流线FIRE BRIGADE ACCESS货车流线TRUCK ACCESS自行车流线BICYCLE ACCESS消防车道FIRE WAY主出入口MAIN ENTRENCE保安室NO.1 GUARD HOUSE主出入口1EXIT 1地下车库出口BASEMENT PARKING EXIT 自行车停车场BICYCLE PARKING自行车停车位 BICYCLE STAND总停车位 CAR PARK其中INCLUDE地上停车位AT-GRADE CAR PARK地下停车位UNDERGROUND CAR PARK空调管线AIR CONDITIONING强电电缆LV 10KV弱电电缆ELV电缆10KV HV供水管SUPPLY WATER污水管WASTE WATER雨水管RAIN WATER消防管线FIRE HYDRANT西门子(中国)总部SIEMENS CENTER BEIJING说明NOTE1.本图依据城市道路高程及市政管线标高等资料并结合场地排水、场地地形、土方平衡等因素进行竖向设计。
1.THE DRAWING WITH "VERTICAL HEIGHT DESIGN" IS BASED ON CITY ROADWAY ENGINEERING WITH CITY BUREAU PIPELINE HEI GHT INDICATION DOCUMENT SITE DRAINAGE, SITE TOPOGRAPHY, AND SOIL BALANCE ARE INCORPORATED INTO THE DESIGN.2.本图所用坐标系统为北京市城市坐标系统，所用高程为规划高程。
2.THE DRAWING INCORPORATES BEIJING CITY COORDINATE SYSTEM . ALL THE INDICATIVE HEIGHTS ARE PLANNING HEIGHTS.3.图中道路横坡按1.5%设计，最小纵坡为0.2%。
中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)Structure in Design of ArchitectureAnd Structural MaterialWe have and the architects must deal with the spatial aspect of activity, physical, and symbolic needs in such a way that overall performance integrity is assured. Hence, he or she well wants to think of evolving a building environment as a total system of interacting and space forming subsystems. Is represents a complex challenge, and to meet it the architect will need a hierarchic design process that provides at least three levels of feedback thinking: schematic,preliminary, and final.Such a hierarchy is necessary if he or she is to avoid being confused , at conceptual stages of design thinking ,by the myriad detail issues that can distract attention from more basic considerations .In fact , we can say that an architect’s ability to distinguish the more basic form the more detailed issues is essential to his success as a designer .The object of the schematic feed back level is to generate and evaluate overall site-plan, activity-interaction, and building-configuration options .To do so the architect must be able to focus on the interaction of the basic attributes of the site context, the spatial organization, and the symbolism as determinants of physical form. This means that ,in schematic terms ,the architect may first conceive and model a building design as an organizational abstraction of essential performance-space in teractions.Then he or she may explore the overall space-form implications of the abstraction. As an actual building configuration option begins to emerge, it will be modified to include consideration for basic site conditions.At the schematic stage, it would also be helpful if the designer could visualize his or her options for achieving overall structural integrity and consider the constructive feasibility and economic ofhis or her scheme .But this will require that the architect and/or a consultant be able to conceptualize total-system structural options in terms of elemental detail .Such overall thinking can be easily fed back to improve the space-form scheme.At the preliminary level, the architect’s emphasis will shift to the elaboration of his or her more promising schematic design options .Here the architect’s structural needs will shift to approximate design of specific subsystem options. At this stage the total structural scheme is developed to a middle level of specificity by focusing on identification and design of major subsystems to the extent that their key geometric, component, and interactive properties are established .Basic subsystem interaction and design conflicts can thus be identified and resolved in the context of total-system objectives. Consultants can play a significant part in this effort; these preliminary-level decisions may also result in feedback that calls for refinement or even major change in schematic concepts.When the designer and the client are satisfied with the feasibility of a design proposal at the preliminary level, it means that the basic problems of overall design are solved and details are not likely to produce major change .The focus shifts again ,and the design process moves into the final level .At this stage the emphasiswill be on the detailed development of all subsystem specifics . Here the role of specialists from various fields, including structural engineering, is much larger, since all detail of the preliminary design must be worked out. Decisions made at this level may produce feedback into Level II that will result in changes. However, if Levels I and II are handled with insight, the relationship between the overall decisions, made at the schematic and preliminary levels, and the specifics of the final level should be such that gross redesign is not in question, Rather, the entire process should be one of moving in an evolutionary fashion from creation and refinement (or modification) of the more general properties of a total-system design concept, to the fleshing out of requisite elements and details.To summarize: At Level I, the architect must first establish, in conceptual terms, the overall space-form feasibility of basic schematic options. At this stage, collaboration with specialists can be helpful, but only if in the form of overall thinking. At Level II, the architect must be able to identify the major subsystem requirements implied by the scheme and substantial their interactive feasibility by approximating key component properties .That is, the properties of major subsystems need be worked out only in sufficient depth to very the inherent compatibility of their basic form-related and behavioral interaction . This will mean a somewhat more specificform of collaboration with specialists then that in level I .At level III ,the architect and the specific form of collaboration with specialists then that providing for all of the elemental design specifics required to produce biddable construction documents .Of course this success comes from the development of the Structural Material.The principal construction materials of earlier times were wood and masonry brick, stone, or tile, and similar materials. The courses or layers were bound together with mortar or bitumen, a tar like substance, or some other binding agent. The Greeks and Romans sometimes used iron rods or claps to strengthen their building. The columns of the Parthenon in Athens, for example, have holes drilled in them for iron bars that have now rusted away. The Romans also used a natural cement called puzzling, made from volcanic ash, that became as hard as stone under water.Both steel and cement, the two most important construction materials of modern times, were introduced in the nineteenth century. Steel, basically an alloy of iron and a small amount of carbon had been made up to that time by a laborious process that restricted it to such special uses as sword blades. After the invention of the Bessemer process in 1856, steel was available in large quantities at low prices. The enormous advantage of steel is its tensile forcewhich, as we have seen, tends to pull apart many materials. New alloys have further, which is a tendency for it to weaken as a result of continual changes in stress.Modern cement, called Portland cement, was invented in 1824. It is a mixture of limestone and clay, which is heated and then ground into a power. It is mixed at or near the construction site with sand, aggregate small stones, crushed rock, or gravel, and water to make concrete. Different proportions of the ingredients produce concrete with different strength and weight. Concrete is very versatile; it can be poured, pumped, or even sprayed into all kinds of shapes. And whereas steel has great tensile strength, concrete has great strength under compression. Thus, the two substances complement each other.They also complement each other in another way: they have almost the same rate of contraction and expansion. They therefore can work together in situations where both compression and tension are factors. Steel rods are embedded in concrete to make reinforced concrete in concrete beams or structures where tensions will develop. Concrete and steel also form such a strong bond─ the force that unites them─ that the steel cannot slip within the concrete. Still another advantage is that steel does not rust in concrete. Acid corrodes steel, whereas concrete has an alkaline chemical reaction, the opposite of acid.The adoption of structural steel and reinforced concrete caused major changes in traditional construction practices. It was no longer necessary to use thick walls of stone or brick for multistory buildings, and it became much simpler to build fire-resistant floors. Both these changes served to reduce the cost of construction. It also became possible to erect buildings with greater heights and longer spans.Since the weight of modern structures is carried by the steel or concrete frame, the walls do not support the building. They have become curtain walls, which keep out the weather and let in light. In the earlier steel or concrete frame building, the curtain walls were generally made of masonry; they had the solid look of bearing walls. Today, however, curtain walls are often made of lightweight materials such as glass, aluminum, or plastic, in various combinations.Another advance in steel construction is the method of fastening together the beams. For many years the standard method was riveting.A rivet is a bolt with a head that looks like a blunt screw without threads. It is heated, placed in holes through the pieces of steel, and a second head is formed at the other end by hammering it to hold it in place. Riveting has now largely been replaced by welding, the joining together of pieces of steel by melting a steel materialbetween them under high heat.Priestess’s concrete is an improved form of reinforcement. Steel rods are bent into the shapes to give them the necessary degree of tensile strengths. They are then used to priestess concrete, usually by one of two different methods. The first is to leave channels in a concrete beam that correspond to the shapes of the steel rods. When the rods are run through the channels, they are then bonded to the concrete by filling the channels with grout, a thin mortar or binding agent. In the other (and more common) method, the priestesses steel rods are placed in the lower part of a form that corresponds to the shape of the finished structure, and the concrete is poured around them. Priestess’s concrete uses less steel and less concrete. Because it is a highly desirable material.Progressed concrete has made it possible to develop buildings with unusual shapes, like some of the modern, sports arenas, with large spaces unbroken by any obstructing supports. The uses for this relatively new structural method are constantly being developed.建筑中的结构设计及建筑材料建筑师必须从一种全局的角度出发去处理建筑设计中应该考虑到的实用活动，物质及象征性的需求。
建筑施工名词中英文对照建筑施工是一个复杂而细致的过程，其中涉及大量的专业名词。
对于从事建筑施工行业的人士来说，掌握这些名词的中英文对照是非常重要的。
本文将介绍一些常用的建筑施工名词的中英对照，帮助读者更好地理解和运用这些术语。
1. Foundation - 基础基础是建筑物最底部的结构，通常是混凝土的平面，用来支撑整个建筑物的重量。
2. Reinforced concrete - 钢筋混凝土钢筋混凝土是一种由混凝土和钢筋组成的材料，具有高强度和耐久性，广泛应用于建筑施工中。
3. Masonry - 砌体结构砌体结构是一种由砖块或石块按照一定的方式砌筑而成的结构，常用于建筑物的墙体和隔墙。
4. Column - 柱子柱子是一种纵向的结构元素，通常用于支撑建筑物的荷载，并传递到基础。
5. Beam - 梁梁是一种横向的结构元素，通常用于支撑楼板和屋顶，并将荷载传递到柱子上。
6. Slab - 板板是建筑物的水平支撑结构，通常用于构成楼板、屋顶和平台等。
7. Wall - 墙体墙体是建筑物的竖向结构，通常用于分隔空间并承受水平荷载。
8. Roof - 屋顶屋顶是建筑物的最顶部覆盖结构，用于保护建筑物免受自然环境的影响。
9. Foundation pit - 基坑基坑是在施工过程中挖掘的一个具有一定深度和形状的空间，用于建筑物的基础施工。
10. Excavation - 开挖开挖是指移除地表土壤或岩石以形成基坑或其它结构的过程。
11. Pile - 桩基桩基是在土壤或岩石中打入的长桩，用于增加地基的稳定性和承载能力。
12. Formwork - 模板模板是一种用于在混凝土浇筑过程中支撑和成型的结构，通常由木材或金属构造而成。
13. Rebar - 钢筋钢筋是一种用于增加混凝土结构强度的金属材料，通常以长条形式使用。
14. Concrete mixer - 混凝土搅拌机混凝土搅拌机是一种用于将水泥、沙子、石子和水混合制成混凝土的设备。
