从传统婚俗看中西方文化差异

毕业论文论中式婚礼与西式婚礼的文化差异XXXXX传媒学院毕业论文题目: 论中式婚礼与西式婚礼的文化差异班级: 礼仪 09 01 专业: 表演艺术(礼仪主持)学生姓名: 学号: 22101-5-1- 1 -[湖南大众传媒学院]论中式婚礼与西式婚礼的文化差异表演艺术(礼仪主持方向) 学号: 摘要: 婚礼是人的一生中十分重要的大礼，是两个相爱的人为了结合所举行的仪式。

婚礼承载着幸福，给人们留下许多美好的回忆。

中式婚礼是从天人合一的古朴本真到宣告、祈福、欢庆。

它是彻头彻尾的人前婚礼，没有宗教精神的信仰，却依然将普通世俗的生活演绎出温馨和浪漫。

而西式婚礼，是在身前的婚礼，在神的认知和庇护下求的永恒，并依照上帝的约定尊崇教义对婚姻的理解和规定。

延伸到承诺和彼此生命赋予对方的神圣。

不同的国家、地区，不同的民族婚礼，都有着其自己的文化民俗和文化特色。

本文就着重讨论中国和西方国家婚礼的文化差异。

关键词:婚礼、文化差异、中式婚礼、西式婚礼一、引言婚礼是一种文化现象，婚姻习俗的产生是伴随着婚礼的产生而产生的，它展示了民族群体的社会风貌，以及民族观、价值观、宗教观、审美观，以及民族心理的发展态势，是人类创造的另一精神财富。

自古以来，在每一种社会文化中，都有举办婚礼的习俗，用婚礼将丈夫和妻子的关系公开并确定下来，婚礼的形式也随着社会的进步不断的发生变化。

婚俗反应出的是民族风情，宗教信仰和时代的背景。

中西婚俗的研究也一直是热点的问题，因为它可以使我们更多的了解外国文化，对于不同文化间的传播和交流也有着积极重要的意义。

- 2 -[湖南大众传媒学院]二、中式婚礼与西式婚礼的主要文化差异(1) 筹备婚礼古代中国，婚礼的准备过程是极其复杂的，有特定的步骤，称之为“三书六礼”。

通过“三书六礼”我们可以略窥一斑，中国古代婚礼的准备过程非常复杂、繁琐，十分注重礼貌，每一步都有具体的要求。

在整个过程中，从“纳采”到“亲迎”，都由双方父母安排，最后也由父母决定是否能够结婚。

中西婚俗差异的成因探析--以英汉宗教背景、婚礼服饰颜色词
意义差异为视角
佚名
【期刊名称】《莆田学院学报》
【年(卷),期】2015(22)4
【摘要】The wedding custom is an essential part of tradition custom s. To have a better understanding of the cultural differences betw een China and w estern countries, this article studies the influence of religion in term s of m arriage, wedding location, wedding cerem ony, and the influence of aesthetics culture on wedding dress and its color.%婚俗是传统习俗的重要组成部分。

通过英汉宗教文化对婚姻观、婚礼地点、仪式的影响，以及英汉审美意象文化对中西婚礼服饰的影响，着重以颜色词意义差异为视角，分析中西婚礼习俗差异的成因，从一个侧面了解中西文化的差异。

【总页数】5页(P64-68)
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】H03;K892.22
【相关文献】
1.文化差异视角下的英汉颜色词的联想 [J], 蒋丽平
2.从中西文化差异看英汉颜色词的象征意义 [J], 张仰媚
3.从英汉颜色词透视中西文化差异 [J], 徐湘平
4.从英汉颜色词看中西文化差异 [J], 温长先;
5.英汉颜色词所表现的中西文化差异 [J], 陈永烨
因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。

中西婚礼的差异作者：紫菀来源：《青春期健康·人口文化》2012年第09期中国婚礼繁琐却讲究喜庆，而西式婚礼简洁讲究庄严。

中西方婚礼都非常尊重传统习俗，都有各自的特色和禁忌，这些特色本身就是中西方文化的一种符号和象征。

无论是西式婚礼还是中式婚礼，都显示了人生将进入到一个新阶段，都体现了对传统习俗的继承和对婚礼的重视。

中国婚礼的西化体现了中西文化的碰撞与交融，从中会迸发出绚丽的火花，也会激起新的矛盾，这是当今全球环境中的真实写照。

中式婚礼仪式繁琐，西式婚礼仪式简洁中国的传统婚俗讲“三书六礼”，所谓“三书”，指聘书、礼书、迎亲书。

聘书即订亲之书，男女双方正式缔结婚约时用；礼书（过礼之书）实为礼物清单，详尽列明礼物种类及数量，过大礼时用；迎亲书即迎取新娘之书，结婚当日接新娘时用。

所谓“六礼”，指纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎。

纳采：古时婚礼之首，男方属意女方时，宴请媒人做媒，今称“提亲”；问名：男方探问女方之姓名及生日时辰，以卜吉兆，俗称“合八字”；纳吉：经占卜之后若属吉兆，男方遣媒人致赠薄礼；纳征：男方奉送礼金、礼饼、礼物及祭品等，即正式送聘礼；请期：由男方家算命先生择日，即选定婚期；亲迎：新郎乘礼车，赴女方家迎接新娘。

一切准备就绪之后，婚礼当日程序也较为复杂。

首先，男方在出门迎娶新娘之前，须先祭拜祖先，而后在一路随行的鞭炮声中前往女方家接亲。

新人在女方家中上香祭祖后，新娘叩拜父母道别，并由父亲盖上头纱，随后由一位福高德重的女性长辈持伞护其走至礼车。

新娘上车离开不久，女方家长会将一碗清水、白米洒在车后，代表女儿已是泼出去的水，以后的一切再也不予过问。

然后，是传统的“三拜”——“一拜天地，二拜高堂，夫妻相拜”，至此礼成。

中国传统婚礼中闹洞房也是一项别具特色的活动，闹洞房的亲朋好友往往使出各类新招数，让新郎新娘喧腾一番，同时也表达宾客祝福之愿。

如此忙碌的一天结束之后，新郎终于算是抱得美人归。

中国加拿大婚俗对比孔子作为万世师表，对中国的影响有几千年的历史。

孔子的婚姻观“天地不合，万物不生。

大婚，万世之嗣也。

”孔子所处时代的婚姻理念跟现代完全不一样，那个时代是媒妁之言、包办婚姻，今天是自由恋爱。

婚姻是人生的大事。

儒家一直把婚姻问题看得很重，因此，在儒家经典中有许多关于婚姻的论说，如《仪礼·士昏礼》、《礼记·昏义》等等。

婚姻是被认为“人伦之始”。

从加拿大的状况来看，目前，单身母亲占到加拿大现实婚姻的一半以上，而同居家庭，同性婚姻，群婚，开放式婚姻等婚姻形式已经占到加拿大家庭数目的40%左右，而且还有增长的趋势。

一个加拿大人可以很坦率的告诉你他是同性恋。

所以，已经有越来越多的加拿大人，对传统的婚姻形式提出了质疑。

婚礼是两个相爱的人为了结合所举行的仪式，为了证明彼此相爱的一种表现，婚礼载着幸福，给人们留下许多美好的回忆。

围绕着婚礼，有许多鲜为人知的故事。

不同的国家和地区、不同的民族的婚礼，都包含着自己的文化和民俗特色，婚礼的时间，地点，婚礼服饰、婚宴、夫妻称谓，结婚基金来源无一不展示着时代与民族文化的特色。

纵观全球各地域的婚礼形式，如果说西式婚礼神圣，那中式婚礼则是喜庆。

归根求源是由于中西方不同的文化差异所致。

一．婚礼的时间不同：在中国农村，农民们喜欢在春节期间订婚，结婚。

这是因为在平时人们都去外地打工挣钱了。

春节的时候，男孩儿，女孩儿，亲朋好友都回家过年，说媒的，相亲的特别多。

在城市里，人们喜欢选择吉庆的日子结婚。

不一定局限于春节。

吉祥日、一般阴历带三六九的日子都很好。

第一要是双日子,也就是双号,单号不好。

第二不要太热或太冷,夏天和冬天就不太好。

恰恰相反，加拿大青年男女喜欢在5月到9月这段时间举行婚礼，尤其爱在7月份喜结良缘，而且婚礼仪式多选在星期六这一天。

7月份可是加拿大最热的季节。

由于众多的男女选择在同一段时间内举行婚礼，教堂显得异常繁忙，因而一切准备都须在婚礼前三四个月联系妥当。

婚俗汉字的文化内涵作者：刘志芳来源：《现代语文(语言研究)》2009年第03期摘要：本文从汉字“嫁”“娶”的字形、字义入手，分析了婚俗汉字的文化内涵，并从“嫁”“娶”和“marry”的对比中简要分析了中西方文化的差异。

关键词：“嫁” “娶” 婚俗文化中西方文化对比一、“嫁”“娶”中的古代婚俗文化汉字是记录汉语的书写符号系统。

它是汉族人的祖先在长期社会实践中逐渐创造出来的。

汉字作为汉民族历史文化信息的载体，尽管经历了数千年的演变，依旧以其特有的形体构造和表意性显示出独特的风韵，时至今日，我们仍然可以从部分汉字的形体构造中管窥先祖造字时的本义及其所蕴涵的丰富的文化信息。

本文从汉字“嫁”“娶”的字形、字义入手，分析了婚俗汉字的文化内涵。

（一）“嫁”与买卖婚俗《说文解字·女部》：“嫁，女适人也，从女家声”。

《段注》：“按自家而出谓之嫁。

”《白虎通·嫁娶》：“嫁者，家也。

妇人外成以出适人为家。

”虽然解释的侧重点不同，但都将“嫁”与“家”联系在一起。

在古代典籍中，“嫁”又可以作“卖”讲。

《战国策·西周》：“臣恐齐王之为君实立果，而让之于最，以嫁之齐也。

”“嫁之齐”就是卖给齐国。

《韩非子·六反》：“天饥岁寒，嫁妻卖子者，必是家也。

”这里，“嫁”与“卖”互文见义，“嫁”当然是“卖”的意思。

由“嫁”的“卖”义可以推知“嫁”女实际上就是“卖女”。

买卖婚俗是把女子看作金钱财物，娶妻纳妾，必须要用钱财交易才能进行，不需要时还可以将妻妾转卖给别人，把钱财再换回来。

对于男人来说，女人只不过是自己传宗接代的工具，与其他财产并无多大区别；对于女方来说，女子既然必须送出去为他人使用，可以关注的也只有女子的物质价值了。

对于出嫁的女子本人来说，既然已经丧失了独立的人格，就只能听从他人的摆布了。

这一切都表明，在古人的观念里，买卖婚姻制度下的女子就只是男人的一种私有财产而已。

结婚，对于男人来说是“娶”，对于女人来说就是“嫁”。

竭诚为您提供优质文档/双击可除中西婚礼礼仪服装的差异篇一：中西方婚礼文化差异中西方婚礼文化差异摘要：婚礼作为文化的一个有机组成部分，也是一个人一生中最为重要的仪式之一，它在中西方不同文化熏陶下也逐渐的呈现出了不同的婚俗习惯，因而这些差异也明显的体现着中西方文化的不同。

本文旨在对中西方婚礼的地点、着装、礼仪、婚宴的差异进行比较。

关键词：婚礼文化地点着装婚俗内涵婚礼，是一个温暖的词汇，它开启了情侣通往幸福婚姻的一扇门，执子之手与子偕老的佳话从此刻被书写。

伴随婚礼的是各样多彩的婚庆习俗，这是由于不同的文化背景造成的。

现在就让我们一起来探究一下中西方文化的差异。

（一）中西方婚礼地点差异作为人们一生最重要的日子之一，作为一对幸福恋人新的起点，中国人的婚礼是隆重热闹的。

古代的时候，人们会在自己家里或是酒楼里摆上酒席以宴请亲朋好友作为新人的见证。

在当代中国，新人一般会邀请亲朋好友去酒店或是宾馆。

会在酒店宾馆里将排场弄得很大，突显婚礼隆重、热闹的特点。

而在西方，人们的婚礼一般是在教堂或者是其他比较安静的地方举行，井井有条，不像中国婚礼般热闹。

西方的婚礼突出庄重和圣洁，追求浪漫与实在的结合。

（二）中西方婚礼着装差异中国传统婚礼进行时新郎和新娘具着红色的礼服。

中国人的婚礼离不开红色，习惯以鲜艳的颜色来烘托气氛。

因此，历朝女式婚服颜色为大红色已成了定制，以示喜庆，衬托新人，预示未来生活蒸蒸日上，幸福美满。

新娘礼服为广袖对襟翟衣，头戴珠凤冠。

值得说明的是，翟衣上面的图案很有讲究。

对襟本身就有完整的对称感，且在中国文化里本身就代表合称、合美的意思，而上面密布的左右对称且成双成对的锦鸡图案，则象征着中国传统文化里夫妻生活的和美、和乐。

一般新娘在婚礼当天高挽发髻，区别于未婚女子。

而在婚礼当天，新娘子以红色头盖蒙面，象征着童贞、年轻、纯洁。

结婚后由新郎亲手揭开。

而西方的新娘则穿白色的礼服。

自罗马时代开始，白色象征欢庆。

1850年到1900年之间，白色亦是富贵的象征。

中国某某某某学校学生毕业设计(论文)题目：中西方婚俗差异姓名： 00000班级、学号： 0000000000系 (部) ：经济管理系专业：商务英语指导教师： 00000开题时间： 2009-04-10完成时间： 2009-11-082009 年11 月08 日目录课题中西方婚俗差异一、课题(论文)提纲二、内容摘要三、参考文献On Differences of Marriage CustomsBetween China and Western Countries00000000Abstract:There are many procedures in Chinese Marriage custom. The book Propriety and Ceremony,which records earliest wedding ceremony, says that marriage includes six etiquettes, namely, proposing, asking the name, asking for fortune, sending betrothal presents to the girl's family, discussing the date of marriage and meeting the bride. In western marriage, there are four procedures. They are proposal, changing surnames, choosing the day and holding the wedding. As the different religions, cultural origins, marriage concepts and geographies, there are many differences existing in the two kinds of Marriage customs. In Chinese Marriage custom, the matchmaker functions almost all the time and youths have no right to choose and women are not on an equal footing with men. By contrast, in western Marriage custom, the priest functions and the youths have legal right to choose whom they want to marry and men and women are equal. There also exist common things in the two sides. They have been maintained for thousands of years. But in recent years (especially after the founding of modern China), people havetended to discard some of the details and advocate simplified marriage procedures and wedding ceremonies.key words：Marriage custom; differences; reasonsIntroductionMarriage is formed in a long historical evolution of the marriage custom in a nation. It is the regularity of the activities that restrains people's awareness of marriage. Marriage custom’s binding does not depend on the law, and it can not rely on science tests neither, but on the force of habit, traditional culture and national psychology. During the development of human history, the institution of marriage and family system has experienced different processes of development. Human have experienced group marriage, the dual system of marriage and individual marriage system (monogamy). As a union of a man and a woman and a family formation stage, marriage includes not only marriage, but also the preparation phase for the marriage and the performance stage after the festivities. It runs through the whole process of life. These customs, as a national symbol and cultural development, plays a very important role in ethnic studies and the history of mankind.China is a country with an ancient civilization and a long history, and many customs. Among so many customs, there is a particular marriage custom. This custom goes through various and long stages of development from ancient simple wedding ceremony to later complex ceremony, from feudal marriage custom to the modern free marriage custom. During these courses, people’s ideas are progressing, though we can not say that their ideas are up to the top of mankind’s ideas in all over the world at all over the time because there are still backward ideas existing in many places, in many people’s mind and they maybe will still exist for a long time. However, they are up to the top of mankind’s ideas in a certain stage of the uninterrupted development of ideas.Greek civilization is the base of western culture. Britain plays an important role in western history and western culture, and of course marriage custom.Comparing with each other, they are different in many aspects such as in right aspect and in freedom aspect and there are many reasons that result in these differences such as cultural reason and geographical reason.1.Chinese Marriage CustomLike other folk, marriage custom has the same developmentand evolving process. In the early days of humanity, the human relationship in a very long period of time still carried the irregular relations like the animal world. There was no marriage at all, if suggest some, the only "arbitrary marriage."In China, marriage has gone through for a long time. As a most grand etiquette, it has always been a high degree of attention. To control the marriage, the family and the whole society, since the beginning of Zhou Dynasty, Chinese marriage should comply with six procedures, which is the so-called "six etiquettes." And Later in Tang and Ming Dynasty in China, marriage also complied with the "six etiquettes". As time goes by, although many wedding customs experienced various changes "Six etiquettes" as the basic pattern has not changed much. It is still essential and core in marriage custom.. Marriage has changed much today, but in many places, there still remains traditional marriage custom.In feudal society, a marriage would be decided not by the youths’ love, but by their parents' desires. Only after a matchmaker's introduction and when parents considered the two family conditions were similar and could be matched, would the marriage procedures went forward. Conditions that should betaken into consideration included wealth and social status. If a boy's family was well-off or an official family, his parents would never permit him to marry a girl from a poor family. Essential to the marriage process were the commonly recognized 'three Letters and six etiquettes'. The three letters were the betrothal letter, the gift letter with a gifts list and the wedding letter used on the day the bridegroom met his bride at her home.The book propriety and ceremony, which records earliest wedding ceremony, says that marriage, usually, involves six necessary procedures, namely, proposing, asking the name, asking for fortune, sending betrothal present to girl's family, discussing date of marriage and meeting the bride.1.1 ProposingProposing is the first etiquette in marriage and is the first meet between the members in the two families. Thus, it is very important. Using a common expression, it is making an offer of marriage to another family on behalf of the son or daughter.If the parents thought that the girl could be the daughter-in-law in old times, they would ask a matchmaker for sending the gifts and bring the son and the girl together. Ifthe girl’s parents also agreed on the marriage, they would accept the gifts. People usually used a wild goose when sending the gifts. Because the wild gooses could fly to the south or the north according to the seasons and they would never change it which implied the woman would be punctual and also because when the wild gooses flied they were in a row and when they stopped they were in a line which implied that woman should comply with the marriage rules and arrange in order that one should not breach it.1.2 Asking the NameIt aims to ask for girl’s name and pray.In ancient times the girl’s name would not be known by other people until the girl was in an age of marriage.First, one must have the matchmaker and inform of the man’s family through a card. And the man’s family would lastly receipt for postal remittance. Thus it can be seen that “asking the name” not only meant that the man’s family wanted to know the girl’s name, but also wrote down the woman’s birthday and Eight-characters (in four pairs denoting the time, date, month and year of a person’s birth, each pair consisting of one Heavenly Stem and one Earthly Branch, used in fortune-telling). If the birthday and Eight-characters were not harm the man, theman’s family would lastly receipt for postal remittance. Sometimes the woman’s parents also wrote down the official position of the woman’s great-grandpa, grandpa and father and the dowry that could be supplied. What’s interesting is that during this progress it was the matchmaker that functioned, not the man’s family or the woman’s family. Matchmaker was also important in the other procedures. In traditional Chinese marriage, people believed “behest of the parents and proposal of a matchmaker”. That’s why many marriages in the past were arranged by parents and matchmakers. Matchmaker’s proposal was the marriage’s valid basis in Tang dynasty.It has been simplified today. Many marriage does not nee this process.1.3 Asking for FortunedAfter asking the name, the bridegroom’s side had got the woman’s birthday and Eight-Characters and they went to consult a fortune-teller then which was called “asking for fortune”. It included two aspects of contents. One was consult the female virtues. Ancient people regarded female virtues as the most important one in the gospel of three obedience that were obedience to one’s father before marriage, to one’s husband after marriage, and to one’s son after one’s husband’s deathand four virtues that was morality, proper speech, modest manner, and diligent work for a woman according to Confucian ethics.Zhong lichun, Zhuge Liang’s wife (Zhuge Liang was a statesman and strategist in the period of the Three Kingdoms, now a symbol of wisdom in Chinese folklore) was famous for her ugliness, wisdom and high female virtues. A man in old times always had many wives. In order to solidifying and stead in the family, people paid much attention to female virtues. Hence there was the saw “Marry wife is marrying virtues and take a concubine is marrying appearance”.The other one was consult good or bad luck. If they were not fit for each other in Eight-Characters according to the birthday and what’s more, the woman would harm the man, the result was that this marriage would not be held and would be cancelled. If the result was fit for each other and moreover the woman would make the man prosperous, the man’s side would inform the woman’s side through the matchmaker and send the betrothal gifts and exchange cards. Thus the marriage was actually decided to be held.1.4 Sending Betrothal Presents to the Girl’s FamilyThe book propriety and ceremony wrote by the scholars inHan dynasty regards it as sending money. If there is no receipt of gifts, there is no marriage. Hence whether receipt the gifts or not is the implication of the agreement of the marriage by the woman’s side.The significance of it includes two aspects of meaning. One is the thanks for the woman’s parents because the parents feed up her. The other is help the woman’s family prepare for dowry.1.5 Discussing the Date of MarriageIn the past, the bridegroom’s side decided the lucky day and sent the matchmaker to inform of the woman’s family. People paid much attention to the marriage time. They usually had a person looked at the almanac or asked for fortune. They liked having marriage in spring or autumn because spring was the time that everything comes back to life and time when spring was changing into summer and was favor to pregnant with new life; autumn was the season of harvest. After the labor for a year, people had enough money to hold the marriage.Nowadays, it is also an important event. People pay many attentions to it.1.6 Meeting the BrideThe marriage is finally held after the five procedures. In the past, the bridegroom wore wedding suit, riding on a horse, and guided the bridal sedan chair to marry the bride on the day.And the bride wore a red cheongsam waiting for the bridegroom. Now, the bridegroom wares western suit, and the bride wares wedding dress and usually in a car.2. Western Marriage CustomIn the middle ages children were married at a young age. Girls were as young as 12 when they got married, and boys as young as 14. The arrangement of the marriage was based on monetary worth. The family of the girl who was to be married gave a dowry, or donation, to the boy she was to marry. The dowry went with her when the marriage was held and stayed with the boy forever after the marriage. After the marriage was arranged, a wedding notice was posted on the door of the church. The notice was put up to ensure that there were no grounds for prohibiting the marriage. The notice stated who was to be married, and if anyone knew any reasons that the two could not marry, they were to come forward with the reason. If the reason was a valid one the wedding would be prohibited.There are many reasons for prohibiting a marriage. One reason was consanguinity, if the two were too closely related. If the boy or the girl had taken a monastic or religious vow, the marriage was also prohibited. Sometimes widows or widowers took vows of celibacy on the death of their spouse, and laterregretted doing so when they could not remarry. Other reasons which also prohibited marriage, but were not grounds for a divorce, were rape, adultery, and incest. A couple could not be married during a time of fasting, such as lent or advent. Nor could a couple be married by someone who had killed someone.In the middle ages there were few reasons the wedding could be dissolved. One reason was if either the man or woman were not of legal age, 12 for girls and 14 for boys. If the husband or wife had previously made a religious or monastic vow or were not Christian, the marriage would be dissolved. The last reason a marriage could end was if the woman, not the man, was incapable of sexual relations.2.1 ProposalWhen the prospective groom had obtained his father’s consent to marry, a formal marriage proposal had to be made. The prospective groom did not propose in person but sent his friends or members of his family to represent his interest to the prospective bride and her family. If they saw a blind man, a monk or a pregnant woman during their journey, it was believed that the proposal would not be accepted as these signs were thought to bring bad luck. If, however, they saw nanny goats, pigeons or wolves, this was a good omen which would bring goodfortune to the marriage.During Medieval times in western countries, the man proposed by leaving a hawthorn branch at the door of his beloved on the first of May. By leaving the branch at the door she accepted his proposal. She made known her refusal by replacing the hawthorn branch with a cauliflower.2.2 Changing SurnamesIt was thought unlucky for a woman to marry a man whose surname began with the same letter as hers. The sentiment was summarized in the following thyme: To change the name and not the letter is to change for the worst and not the better. The bride should not practice writing her new name before the wedding. This was thought to bring bad luck by tempting fate.2.3 Choosing the DayAlthough most weddings now take place on a Saturday, it was considered unlucky in the past. Fridays were also considered unlucky particularly Friday the 13th. The famous old rhyme advised a wedding in the first half of the week:Monday for wealthTuesday for healthWednesday the best day of allThursday for lossesFriday for crosses (= funerals)Saturday for no luck at allAdvice on which month to marry in was given by the following rhyme:Married when the year is new, he'll love, kind and true. When February birds do mate, you neither wed nor dread your fate.If you wed when March winds blow, joy and sorrow both you'll know.Marry in April when you can, Joy for Maiden and for Man. Marry in the month of May, and you'll surely rue the day. Marry when June roses grow, over land and sea you'll go. Those who in July do wed, must labor for their daily bred. Whoever wed in August be, many a change is sure to see Marry in September's shrine, your living will be rich and fine. If in October you do marry, love will come but riches tarry. If you wed in bleak November, only joys will come, remember. When December snows fall fast, marry and true love will last. Marry in May and you'll live to rue the dayMay had been considered an unlucky month to marry in for a number of reasons. In Pagan times the Feast of the Dead and the festival of the goddess of chastity both occurred in May.The advice was taken more seriously in Victorian times than it is today. In most Churches the end of April was a busy time for weddings as coupes wanted to avoid being married in May. Queen Victoria was thought to have forbidden her children from marrying in May.June was considered to be a lucky month to marry in, because it was named after Juno, the Roman goddess of love and marriage.The summer as a whole was considered a good time to marry and this was partly to do with the sun's association with fertility. In Scotland one popular custom was for the bride to "walk with the sun" to bring her good. She would walk from east to west on the south side of the church and then continue walking around the church three times.2.4 Holding the WeddingThe wedding ceremony was finally held.The church ceremony in the middle ages took place outside the church door before entering the church for a nuptial mass. During the ceremony in front of the church doors the man stood on the right side and the woman stood on the left side, facing the door of the church. “The reason was that she was formed out of a rib in the left side of Adam.” The priest began by asking if anyone knew of any reason the couple should not be married. He also asked thisof the man and woman so they might confess any reasons for prohibiting their marriage.The ceremony proceeded with the priest saying, “N (amen) wilt though have this woman to thy wedded wife, wilt the love her, and honor her, keep her and guard her, in health and in sickness, as a husband should a wife, and forsaking all others on account of her, keep thee only unto her, so long as ye both shall live?” Then the priest, changing the wording of “as a husband should a wife”, asked the same of the woman. Both the man and the woman should answer by saying” I will.” At this time the woman was given by her father. The wedding continued with the saying of vows. Both the man and the woman, with the exception of the words wife and husband, said, “I N. take thee N. to my wedded wife, to have and to hold from this day forward, for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness, and in health, till death do us part, if the holy church will ordain it. And thereto I plight thee my troth.” At this time the ring exchange occurred. They bowed their heads and the priest gave them a blessing. As husband and wife they entered the church, where they knelt before the altar. At the altar the priest gave a prayer and a blessing, thus ending the marriage ceremony.If the bridegroom and bride did not belong to England ofChurch, they must use the second marriage form, according to the law, that was go to the marriage registrant to hold a secular marriage ceremony.3. Differences between themIt is clear that Chinese marriage custom and western marriage custom differ from each other in many aspects. In Chinese marriage custom the matchmaker has many functions and youths have no right to choose and women are not on an equal footing with men. By contrast, in western marriage custom, the priest has functions and the youths, particular the man, have legal right to choose whom they wanted to marry and men and women are equal.3.1 Different Marriage MediaMatchmaker and priest are different. Matchmaker has many functions. Almost in every process in marriage in old times, the matchmaker would attend. First, it was the matchmaker that introduced a man to a woman or a woman to a man, most the former. If matchmaker did not introduce them to each other, they would not know about each other for ever. If some accident event happened, that is they knew each other not through the matchmaker, they would be called “committing adultery with each other “or “a thief if a man and a whore if a woman”.Second, the other procedures after introduction in marriage were also done by the matchmaker.There are three conditions in marriage in old China that were the matchmaker’s proposals, six gifts and meet, people kept honoring the ancestors as the center in these three conditions. The regulation of listening to matchmaker’s proposals was the rule that people must abide by. The reason was not only the function the matchmaker had in society, but also the meaning that the matchmaker had in later generation reproduction.In modern times, matchmaker still has some of above functions such as the function of introduction.Priest does not always function. It is his duty only when he hosts the wedding ceremony. It was not the priest who introduces the man to the woman or the woman to the man.In Christian’s opinions, wedding ceremony is considered as an important way to get god’s save and wedding ceremony is a very important part of marriage. Priest plays an essential role in it. And marriage is not valid, unless the ceremony is hosted by priest. There are three conditions in marriage too. First, there should be some correct things that is used when go to church; second, correct means to go to church especiallycorrect reading prayer book; third, correct motive to go to church which emphasizes action by church’s order. It can be seen that church is important in western people’s eyes, so the priest is necessary when holding a marriage. And marriage is tinged with mystery because of these conditions.3.2 Differences on freedomIn old China, people looked at the country and society as the standard, thus, “behest of parents” played an absolute important role in marriage. It was the principles of heaven and earth—right and proper when parents dealt with the son's or daughter's marriage only by their own opinions. Marriage in China was arranged by family. “Behest of parents and proposals of matchmaker” decided everything about marriage. Usually the husband and the wife did not meet each other before getting married. They did not know what their husband or wife liked. Even sometimes they did not know the names of each. If they did not agree the marriage, it was no use because the right of decision belonged to their parents. The marriage would still be held. The youths are not free when chose the lover in some places even today.Marriage marks the beginning of complete independence from the parents. According to the English law, no one was allowedto get married under the age of sixteen. Marriage between the age of sixteen and eighteen must have the parents’ consent. But when the girl was over eighteen, she was free to choose her love. Youths in Britain were relatively free. In Britain, church pointed out “agreement principle” which pointed out that the marriage was valid only when the two persons involved in marriage expressed freely and openly in front of at least two chief witness at wedding ceremony; the marriage was not valid when there existing misunderstanding or force in marriage. Under this “agreement principle”, the father should listen to the daughter’s suggestion, and the father should not force the daughter to marry with the man whom she did not want to marry. Thus, it can be seen from this point that, one’s willing was superior to anything.3.3 Differences on rightChinese men were hold up as “sky” and women were considered as “earth” in old times. Sky was superior to earth in old people’s eyes. And women must comply with three obedience and four virtues. But man could have a wife and many concubines. In north of China in some places, husband and wife are still unequal.The Bible says that husband should respect wife becauseboth of them are blessed by God. And it emphasizes that the relations between husband and wife should include duty.3.4 Different Purposes of MarriageThe main purpose of getting marriage in China is to continue the male offspring. The so-called “there are three forms of filial impiety, of which the most serious is to have no heir”reflects the importance to serve ancestors. And the filial piety is traditional virtues.In western countries, they are influenced deeply by religion, especially the Christianity. They think that it is the God who has created marriage. There are three purposes of the marriage created by God. First, the couple is lifelong companion with each other; they serve God together. Then get married, start career and produce an heir to carry on the pious descendants. The final purpose is carrying on the pious descendants to serve to God. So they do not stress the blood relationship. They can remedy the defect of non-child by adopting other children.4. Reasons for the Differences4.1 ReligionsAmong all the religion by which people seek to worship, Christianity is by far the most influential in the west. Everyphase of man’s life is touched by this religion, so much so that it has become part and parcel of western culture. British dominant religious belief is Christian faith; or rather the U.K. is a country of Christianity.Bishop ordered marriage law as the fourth chapter in 1234. After issuing the law, it was carried on under the strong church control. In 1917, the marriage law referred: wedding ceremony should be held by priest or at least two witness; the willing should be true and not be forced.Most Chinese people believes Buddhism which advocates “why and because relationship”. In this point of view, sky is the reason, and earth is the result; parents are the reason, and sons or daughters are the result; husband is the reason, and wife is the result.4.2 Cultural OriginsTraditional Chinese traditional marriage custom was characterized by a distinctive patriarchal clan system. “Three obedience and four virtues” decided that women should become an appendage to the men and be subordinated to the family interest. It was also characterized by strong feudal political color. Marriage sometimes was a kind of ways to ally in political. The policy of cementing friendly relations throughpolitical marriages was a typical example in history. The traditional marriage custom was influenced deeply by Confucianism.There sill exists differences between males and females in marriage custom today. This phenomenon is also caused by the traditional Chinese culture.Western marriage custom is influenced deeply by religion, however, which emphasizes both men and women are God’s sons and daughters, so they are equal unlike Chinese who pay more attentions to boys. Western people consider girls are also the fruit of love.4.3 Marriage ConceptsChinese people once thought that marriage was a kind of ways to increase families, offspring and protect and enhance family’s reputation and position. Marriage would add a girl of a clan other than one’s own, so marriage was looked as the important event of family but not one’s own event. The love between the man and the woman was not the first condition of marriage. Today the marriage concepts have not changed much especially in some backward places. The aim of getting marriage for them is till to increase families, offspring and protect and enhance family’s reputation and position.In western countries, marriage is the love’s home to return to. The aim of marriage is to make the woman and the man live together all the life. It is the personal affair. They have no duty to increase family, offspring and protect and enhance family’s reputation and position. The marriage just make them live together. Thus those westerners stress feeling not the family’s interest or reputation when they are choosing lover.4.4 GeographiesBritain is over one thousand kilometers from south to north. Its coastline runs about ten thousand kilometers, making it one of the countries with the longest coastlines in the world. In Britain no place is over one hundred and twenty kilometers from the sea. During the fight with the sea, British people feel the strong force of the nature that is difficult to control. Thus they believed God. They think God is omnipotent and they respect God very much.China’s geography is extremely varied and complex, including mountains, plateaus, plains, grasslands, basins, hills, islands, desert, glaciers, and frozen earth. Mountain areas cover about two-thirds of the total land area. This geography decides that Chinese people live mainly by farming and live in groups, and later formed the patriarchal clan system with rigidly stratified. This makes Chinese people respect the。

西方婚礼体现的爱情观和价值观摘要：本文具体讨论了中国与西方在婚礼文化上的不同。

主要是通过对中西方婚礼风俗的不同进行分析对比．探讨在不同文化背景下、不同文化中所表现出来的民俗差异，探讨跨文化交际中爱情观和价值观中的不同差异。

关键词：婚俗文化、爱情观、价值观、跨文化交际一、中西方婚礼文化差异文化是同一群体对信仰、习俗、价值观念、行为进行交流、学习并代代相传的总积累。

在不同的生态或自然环境下，不同的民族创造了自己特有的文化。

也被自己的文化所塑造。

民俗就是民间风俗习惯．是人类社会长久形成的习俗惯制、礼仪、信仰、风尚的总和．是社会约定俗成的民间生活、文化模式。

民俗的内容繁杂广泛，我们可将它分为物质民俗、人生社会民俗、心意信仰民俗、游艺竞技民俗，包括衣食住行等物质生活方面的风俗习惯．个人在人生社会中所经历的礼仪习俗．如生死婚丧等．以及人类群体为适应生存和发展共同创造长期形成的习俗如人际交往和岁时节令民俗．民众间流行的各种崇拜心理观念、民间禁忌等等。

民俗生动地体现着一个民族的民众生活习惯、行为方式、伦理观念以及心理结构等方面的传统特点．是构成民众生活文化史的主体与核心。

民俗心理是民众心理结构中最深层、最隐蔽，同时也是最稳同的部分。

它是自远古传下来的．以民间信仰为核心的一种思维方式。

一个国家或民族的文化由表层文化和本质文化两个层次组合而成．前者记载在文献里，后者流传在民众生活中。

而民俗文化是民众生活中的本质文化。

是社会生活中最富情趣的领域，也是一个民族或一个地区文化传统、价值观念及生活方式的集中表现。

婚姻是人们结为夫妻关系的一种文化现象。

婚姻习俗是伴随着婚姻的产生而产生的．它展示了民族群体的社会生活面貌，以及审美观、伦理观、价值观、宗教观和民族心理的发展态势，是人类创造的文化积累和精神财富。

自古以来。

几乎在每一种社会文化中，都有举办婚礼的习俗．用婚礼将丈夫和妻子的关系公开确定下来，婚礼的形式也随着人类社会的进展不断地发生着变化。