高三上学期开学摸底考试英语试卷模拟试题（山东版）笔试注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
AThe Duke of Edinburgh’s Award has picked some activities to help build confidence, independence and adaptability among youngsters.Set yourself a physical challengeLearn survival skills at Sani Resort on Greece’s Halkidiki coast. The activity is sponsored by the Bear Grylls Survival Academy. Lessons include ways of hiding outdoors, seeking routes, building boats and finding food in the wild.Price: £33.50 per day, per person.Spend time in natureHead to Ecuador’s Mashpi Lodge to experience about 6,200 acres of cloud forest in an excellent reserve of this country, flying through the treetops on the Sky Bike and Dragonfly Canopy Gondola. The tour is guided by Mashpi’s team of local naturalist guides.Price: £1,030 per room per night, including transfers (换乘) from Quito and all meals and guided activities within the reserve. Out-of-Ecuador tourists need to pay for flying.Travel somewhere newIt can be particularly rewarding for young people when they step out of their comfort zone. There’s nowhere better than the wilds of South Africa. Scott Dunn’s teen programme offers an African adventure with two unforgettable experiences to observe wild animals, including a trip to Marakele National Park.Price: £6,000 a person.Experience a digital detox (脱瘾)Join Metropolitan Touring’s journey to the Galapagos Islands. Twin it with a digital switch-off, book day trips with expert guides, and travel around the active Sierra Negra volcano. Activities include heading to Santa Cruz Island on the hotel’s boat, diving and surfing.Price: £2,730 per person, double occupancy, including all accommodation, return inter-island flights, tours and meals.1. What is excluded from the charge for the travel to Mashpi Lodge?A. International flights.B. Changes of vehicles.C. Touring in the reserve.D. Diets during the travel.2. Which activity is most attractive to wild creature lovers?A. Spend time in nature.B. Travel somewhere new.C. Experience a digital detox.D. Set yourself a physical challenge.3. What can tourists do during Metropolitan Touring’s journey?A. Enjoy a flexible tour.B. Use special digital devices.C. Learn some survival skills.D. Experience water sports.BMy mom could be quite a handful, which I have come to see as a blessing as the years have gone by but did not always appreciate when she was alive, especially after her Alzheimer’s diagnosis.The news came as no surprise to us kids, of course. We’d seen our tough, sharp-witted mom change. But Mom was not about to take Alzheimer’s lying down. “There’s nothing wrong with me!” she insisted, even after she sideswiped a cop, denied doing it and then blamed it all on him.Eventually my brother and his wife moved Mom to a sweet little house on the property next to theirs so they could keep an eye on her. They built a lighted path between the two houses so Mom could visit when she wanted, which occasionally happened at 5:00 a.m. when she thought it was 5:00 p.m. At Christmas, my sister-in-law, Toni, would hang Christmas lights along the way.One thing we couldn’t do was make her eat properly, especially after she nearly burned the house down making tuna (金枪鱼) salad. So we arranged for a senior meals-on-wheels program to deliver her meals. At first she wouldn’t let them in the house. “This is ridiculous,” she said. “I know how to eat!” Then she offered to help them deliver meals to “people who really need them”.Eventually she relented — except that she would simply keep all the meals in the fridge, untouched, in case she happened to have hungry visitors. When we told the volunteers this, they were wonderfully wise and pretty soon they got Mom to eat. She even admitted that the food was “pretty good, considering”. We’re convinced the good nutrition helped keep her in her home a little longer before she had to enter a care facility.So how proud am I that our friends at Volunteers of America, which operates meals-on-wheels programs for the elderly all over the country? Very proud. It was angels, after all, who were able to get my mother to eat.4. What do we know about the author’s mother?A. She troubled the family a lot.B. She never suffered from Alzheimer.C. She was a woman lacking intelligence.D. She was easy to get along with.5. How did the family help Mom?A. They lived together with her.B. They had her house beautifully decorated.C. They assisted her in cooking matters.D. They arranged delivered meals for her.6. Which of the following best explains the underlined word “relented” in paragraph 5?A. Panicked.B. Apologized.C. Agreed.D. Responded.7. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?A. Angels on WheelsB. A Lesson from Miserable LifeC. Living with AlzheimerD. Volunteering for the DisabledCOn Monday, December 5, online retailing (零售) giant Amazon announced the opening of its first physical store. Called Amazon Go, the Seattle-based store that is currently being tested by company employees, learns from regular grocery stores except for one thing — “Just Walk Out” technology. All purchases are handled electronically, which means there are no cashiers, checkouts or lines. Shoppers simply take what they need and leave.To shop at Amazon Go, customers need to open an Amazon account and download the store’s App onto their smartphones. Upon entering the store, they scan a QR code (二维码) with their phones and begin shopping. Every item picked up gets added to the bill automatically. If the customer changes his/her mind, all he/she has to do is return the purchase back on the shelf, and it will be removed from the final bill. Once the customer leaves the store, the amount spent is automatically taken out from the Amazon account and a digital receipt is generated to remind the shopper of the trade.To provide busy customers a pleasant shopping experience, Amazon, which has beenworking on this concept for four years, plans to keep the store size at a “comfortable” 1,800 square feet. In addition to typical grocery products like bread and milk, the store will stock ready-to-eat breakfast, lunch and dinner options, made by on-site chefs. There will also be chef-designed Amazon Meal boxes for those who prefer to cook the food at home.After years of joint efforts by Amazon staff, Amazon Go finally opened in 2021. Amazon will not provide any insight into the cutting-edge “Just Walk Out” technology. The company website states, “The checkout-free shopping experience is enabled by the same types of technologies used in self-driving cars: computer vision, sensor fusion and deep learning.”8. What is the advantage of Amazon Go over regular grocery stores?A. Store size.B. Shopping speed.C. Product price.D. Parking convenience.9. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?A. Why to download the store’s App.B. How to open an Amazon account.C. How to shop at Amazon Go.D. What to buy at Amazon Go.10. What can we infer from paragraph 3?A. People can shop and eat at Amazon Go.B. Chefs will offer on-site cooking lessons.C. 1,800 square feet is the best size of grocery stores.D. Amazon spent years improving its service.11. What makes possible the checkout-free shopping experience?A. High-technology products.B. The help of the car industry.C. The deep learning method.D. Teamwork by Amazon staff.DNo doubt that humans have widely changed, developed, and exploited (开发) much of the natural world for our own ends. But how much of the land surface remains free of our often-harmful influence?In a new study, scientists compared figures from four different sets of data using different kinds of methods and classification (分类) systems to answer this question. On average, the researchers say roughly half (48 to 56 percent) of the world’s land shows “low” influence of humans. While the figures may inspire many — stressing the vast expanse of significantly untouched lands that can still be protected through conservation measures — the study also shows just how much of the Earth has already been occupied and used by humans.In fact, only about a quarter (20 to 34 percent) of the planet’s ice-free land surface shows “very low” signs of human influence, the researchers say, and the parts of the planet that we have left alone up until now constitute (构成) some of the least livable places on Earth. In other words, whether through urbanization, forestry, agriculture or other means, humans have applied the most influence on biodiverse land that presented ripe and easy opportunities for immediate human needs; in contrast, roasting deserts in the world’s hottest places, or frozen wastelands in its coldest spots, have been ignored.Even so, the researchers say the results shown here give us a strong, clear marker that we can use to help structure existing and future conservation efforts by preventing disturbance on existing low influenced areas, meanwhile, recovering areas for conservation in land that has already been exploited too much.“The encouraging takeaway from this study is that if we act quickly and decisively (果断地)，there is a slim window in which we can still conserve roughly half of the Earth’s land in a relatively untouched state,” says biologist and lead author of the study, Jason Riggio.There’s a chance, right now, to draw a line in the sand, and say “no more”.12. Why was the new study carried out?A. To find out why humans exploit nature.B. To figure out the land free from human influence.C. To prove humans are harmful to nature.D. To clarify the Earth is not occupied by humans completely.13. Which places are influenced most by humans?A. Woodless lands.B. Ice-free lands.C. Places with biodiversity.D. Places with warmth.14. What can we do based on the research?A. Make use of the unlivable area through different means.B. Remove the influence on the previous disturbed area.C. Attempt to have no bad effect on the “untouched” land.D. Reconstruct the overexploited land with forest and agriculture.15. What’s the writer’s attitude towards the untouched land?A. It should be urbanized immediately.B. It should be covered with plants.C. It should be free from humans and animals.D. It should be undisturbed and preserved.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
