【山东省各地市2012年高考英语最新试题分类汇编16：阅读理解(五))
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专题三阅读理解(五)【山东省实验中学2012届高三第四次诊断考试】阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AJeanette Rankin was born on a ranch in Montana，USA in 1882. In those days，Montana was still a frontier state，and life there was hard. Men and women shared the difficult outdoor work. But young Jeanette noticed men and women were not equal in many ways. For instance， at election time， women were not allowed to vote. Jeanette thought this was not fair， and several years later， after graduating from college， she realized how to help change the situation.First， she joined with other women. and gave speeches through the state. Thanks to their years of efforts， Montana women were finally allowed to vote. This experience changed Jeanette’s life. She wanted do work for the welfare of women and children everywhere. She was now well-known throughout Montana， so she decided to run for the US Congress. In 1916，she became the first woman in the Congress of the United Staters.Just six days after Rankin first attended Congress in 1917，American President Wilson called for a vote to go to war against Germany， as German submarines（潜水艇）attacked American ships during World War I. When Jeanette was called upon to vote，she said，“I want to stand by my country， buy I cannot vote for war.I vote no.”Forty-nine other congress members also voted no，but she was the person who was criticized most. Newspapers said her decision came from weakness and she was anti-American.In the Second World War， Japanese warplanes attacked the American base at Pearl Harbor in 1941. The time came again for the US Congress members to vote for or against going to war. Everyone was waiting for Jeanette Rankin to vote， who rose and said，“As a woman， I can’t go to war， so I refuse to send anyone else”.Out of 471 members，she was the only member who voted against war. After that，she receivedthousands of letters. Most people criticized her， but some praised her for her courage.Shortly before she died in 1973, she was asked if she regretted voting “no”to the two wars.“Never，”she answered.“If you are against war，you’re against war regard less of what happens.”Today， in the US Congress Building，there is a statue of Jeanette Rankin. On the base of the statue are her words：“I cannot vote for war.”56. When Jeanette Rankin was young， .A. women were not allowed to work with menB. women had no right to voteC. women could not go to collegeD. women could not deliver speeches in public57. She decided to run for the US Congress because .A. She wanted to become famous throughout the USAB. She hated wasC. She wanted to help more women and childrenD. She was a born politician58. Which is true according to the passage?A. Jeannette was the only member to vote no to the two wars.B. Jeannette voted no to the wars because she was weak.C. Everyone in the USA hated her when she voted no to the war against Japan.D. Jeanette believed that no war was right.59. From the passage we can tell that Jeanette Rankin was .A. full of courageB. Very fairC. Very intelligentD. very stubborn.60. The American people remember Jeanette Rankin mainly for .A. her fighting for women’s rightsB. her being the first American woman Congress memberC. her fighting against warD. her efforts to help women get the voting rightBEven a small reduction in salt in the diet can be a big help to the heart. A new study used a computer model to predict how just three grams less a day would affect heart disease in the United States.The result：10％ fewer heart attacks. 8％ fewer storkes. 4％ fewer deaths. 11％fewer new cases of heart disease. And 240 billion dollars in health care savings.Researchers found it could prevent 100，000 heart attacks and 92，000 deaths every year.The study is in the New England Journal of Medicine. Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo at the University of California San Francisco was the lead author. She says people would not even notice a difference in taste with three grams， or one-half teaspoon，less salt per day. The team also included researchers at Stanford and Columbia University.Each gram of salt contains four hundred milligrams of sodium（钠），which is how foods may list their salt content.The government says the average American man eats ten grams of salt a day. The American Heart Association advises no more than three grams for healthy people. It says salt in the American diet has increased fifty percent since the nineteen seventies， while blood pressures have also risen. Less salt can mean a lower blood pressure.New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg is leading an effort called the National Salt Reduction Initiative. The idea is to put pressure on food companies and restaurants. Critics call it government interference.Mayor Bloomberg has already succeeded in other areas， like requiring fast food places in the city to list calorie information. Now a study by the Seattle Children’s Research Institute shows that the calorie information on the menu can influence what parents order for their children.6l. According to the passage， what disease is not related to salt in diet?A. cancerB. strokeC. blood pressureD. heart attack62. We can tell from the passage that now heart attacks occur in the US everyyear.A. 240，000B. 900，000C. 100，000D.92，00063. It can be inferred from the passage that .A. all the heart diseases result from eating too much saltB. the American Heart Association suggests less than 3 grams of salt a day foreveryoneC. Americans ate no more than 5 grams of salt per day in the 1970sD. the less salt one eats， the healthier he will be64. The National Salt Reduction Initiative aims to .A. attract the public attention to the problemB. require fast food places to list salt informationC. inform people of the harm that salt does to healthD. put pressure on food companies and restaurants65. The last paragraph mainly tells us .A. Bloomberg has made some other efforts to improve people’s healthB. Bloomberg is very successful in his careerC. parents must pay great attention to calorie informationD. a new study is being done about calorie informationCIt’s not uncommon in America for a person to belong to some kind of volunteer group. Donating one’s time and services is very much a part of the American way of life. Most charitable activities are organized by churches and groups around the nation and even encouraged by the government. The helping hand is extended to the poor， the homeless and the disabled. Some people work to teach youngsters how to read. others open up soup kitchens to feed the homeless. Volunteers also take care of the disabled by making reading tapes for the blind and working in orphanages （孤儿院）to help children without parents.High school students are often encouraged to become volunteers and many school club activities center around volunteer services. Students may work with disabled children during a summer program， or participate in a club activity which helpsto bring meal to senior citizens who are shut-ins. With their sense of idealism （理想主义）students are often eager to donate their spare time. They see such activities as a way of becoming involved in the community and the adult-world. Social action for them becomes as important as their academic studies.In a like manner， throughout the year，fund raising drives are also conducted by schools and community groups to raise money for a worthy cause. They may respond to a recent earthquake in a foreign country， a flood somewhere within their own，or another natural disaster which has left people destitute and homeless. They may organize drives to collect food， clothing and medicines to serve an immediate need. Today even the Halloween custom of ‘trick or treat’has become an occasion to collect money for a charitable cause.This call to help those less fortunate than themselves arises from the humble origins of the American nation. Those immigrants who were poor and downtrodden （受压迫的）became dependent on the kindness of their neighbors to make a new life for themselves.American volunteers work throughout the world in less developed countries. They volunteer by serving as a champion of goodwill both at home and abroad， which no doubt enriches both his life and those whom he serves.66. Which of the following charitable activities is not mentioned in the passage?A. Some people open up soup kitchens to feed homeless people.B. Some students bring meals to old people who can’t go out easily.C. Some people collect money to help a foreign country with a recent earthquake.D. Some students donate books to children in mountainous areas.67. Why are American high school students eager to do voluntary work?A. Because they want to participate in some social activities.B. Because they want to go to better universities.C. Because they can get higher scores at school.D. Because they can realize their dream sooner.68. The underlined word “destitute”in Paragraph 4 probably means .A. lifelessB. pennilessC. uselessD. valueless69. American charitable activities started because .A. Americans are always ready to share with othesB. Americans are mostly kindC. poor immigrants needed help badlyD. poor Americans couldn’t live on without help70. What’s the best title of the passage?A. The Call from the PoorB. Voluntary Work in the USC. Ways to help the PoorD. American Volunteers Around the WorldDIf women are mercilessly exploited（剥削）year after year， they have only themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion， they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion. When you come to think of it，only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe（衣柜）packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste. Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way， waste hours of their time changing the dresses they have. Skirts are lengthened or shortened；neck-lines are lowered or raised， and so on.No one can say that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth，comfort and durability（耐用）. They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort，as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn’t at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day，or carefully picking her way through deep snow in high heeled shoes.When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion， the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashions of women’s clothes， one wonders，reflect basic qualities of inconstancy（易变）and instability？Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability？That is for you to decide.7l. How do designers and big stores take advantage of women?A. By mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industry.B. By attaching great importance to quality in women’s clothing.C. By constantly changing the fashions in women’s clothing.D. By producing large number of new clothes.72. To the writer， the fact that women change their old-fashioned dresses is seenas .A. a waste of moneyB. a waste of timeC. an expression of tasteD. an expression of creativity73. Perhaps the writer would not be so critical .A. if fashion designers could pay attention to the comfort of clothingB. if fashion industry could contribute more to societyC. if women took their safety and health in considerationD. if women didn’t put up with any discomfort74. By saying “the conclusions to be drawn are obvious”in Paragraph 4 the writermeans that .A. women’s inconstancy in their choice of clothing is often laughed atB. women are better able to put up with discomfortC. men are also exploited greatly by fashion designersD. men are more reasonable in the matter of fashion75. What’s the passage mainly about?A. Men are wiser than women in choosing clothes.B. Women are taken advantage of because they always follow clothing fashions.C. Women should be blamed for following clothing fashions.D. Changing fashions have greatly contributed to social development.【答案】56-60BCDAC 61-65ABCDA 66-70DABCB 71-75CBADB【山东省潍坊市重点中学2012届高三2月月考】阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给出的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
