当前位置：文档之家 › 初中语法总结及练习

初中语法总结及练习

  • 格式：doc
  • 大小：67.50 KB
  • 文档页数：6

初中语法总结及练习〔五〕介词介词不能独自作句子成分，必须与名词或代词等构成介词短语，才可以担任句子的成分。

介词短语可以在句中作表语Who’s ___________(值日) today？/定语The man__________ (穿红色) is his uncle./状语Your grandma doesn’t look old_________ (对于她的年龄)./宾语补足语He left the key________ (在家里)和独立成分________________________ (顺便问一下)。

一、介词的分类1）表示地点: at/in, in/to (the east of), on/under/over/above/below, in/into/out of, over,under, between/among/around, at/beside/near/nextto, behind/in front of, about, across/along/through, down, before/after, to/for/from, towards, with,without※over还有其他含义：①遍及：all over thecountry(world) ②超过：相当于more than。

He is over40.③在那边；越过 over there※for还有其他的用法：①表原因，表示“为了……” forthe motherland.②表示“拥护”，“支持” for or against③表示“以……价格”。

How much do you want to buy itfor?④表示“就……而说”。

for his age.2）表示时间: at/in/on, within, of, about, past, to ,before/after, during/for/through, from/since,by/till/until, (not…until)※until与瞬间动词(点动词)连用时，必须用否定句表示；而与延续动词连用，用肯定式。

3）表示手段和材料: by（通过方式或手段）, in（用某种墨水、语言、衣服或声调）, with（用某一工具）※with还有如下含义①“由于，因为……”。

She jumpedwith joy when hearing the news. ②可与副词连用构成祈使句。

Out with your hands on your head!※By的其他一些用法：①表示“经过……旁边”。

go by②表示“由于”。

by mistake. ③表示“相差，差额”。

missed the train by only five minutes/increased by30% ④表示“逐一地……”one by one.4）表示除去: besides, except, except for 5) 表示比较: as, like, without6) 表示原因: for(还可做连词), with, from 7) 表所属:of, with, from8) 表对于: to, for, at, with 9) 表示赞成或反对: with/against10)表示关于: about(关于；各处，四周；随身，身旁),concerning, as for(介词), as to“至于”二、与其它词类的搭配1）动词+介词：look into/over, come across/by, care for, call on，carry on/away/out, come back/about/, go into/over 等2) be+形容词+介词：be afraid of，be pleased with，beembarrassed at3）介词+名词（作为副词使用）：after you, by mistake, for example, in time4)其它结构：动词+oneself+介词 dress oneself in/helponeself to; 动词+sb.+介词 thank sb. For sth./ rob sob of sth.三、介词兼做副词 behind【落后】 before【以前】 in在家】over【完了】四、介词省略在this, last, next, every等词之前不可以再加任何介词。

专项练习1. Children get gifts ____ Christmas and ____ their birthdays.A. on; onB. at; onC. in; inD. in; on2. A lot of students in our school were born ____ March, 1993.A. inB. atC. onD. since3. My grandfather was born____ Oct. 10, 1935.A. onB. inC. atD. of4. He suddenly returned____ a rainy night.A. onB. atC. inD. during5. The train is starting ______five minutes.A. inB. atC. forD. still6. Mike does his exercises ____ seven _____ the evening.A. on; toB. at; inC. by; ofD. at; on7. We usually cover the Christmas trees ____ colour lights.A. inB. useC. forD. with8.It happened to be very cold____ the morning of our sports meetingA. atB. onC. withD. of9.Why did you get up so early ___ this morning.A. onB. /C. atD. in10. They are filling their bags____ books and other things.A. inB. withC. ofD. by11.Ann moved_____Hangzhou______September, 1992.A. /; in iB. to; inC. to; on D, in; in12. He often goes ____ school ____ six thirty ____ the morning.A. for; to; inB. to; at inC. to; for; at D, for; at; to13. He arrived ___ Shanghai ___ 9: 30 ___ March 5.A. at; in; atB. to; on; atC. in; on; atD. in; at; on14.The English teacher told me to get there____ half past ten.A: in B. at C. on D. of15.I worked on the problem ____ a long time and I worked it out ____ myself____ last.A. for; by; atB. in; with; onC. on; by; inD. for; for; at the16.We will finish the picture _____a day.A. inB. onC. afterD. on17.She lived in the mountain village____ the years 1940-1950.A. betweenB. duringC. inD. since18. Mary had finished her homework____ the time I got home.A. untilB. byC. atD. when19. We stayed at the lab___ our teacher returned.A. tillB. byC. duringD. while20.They didn't leave the station___ they get on the train.A. untilB. byC. afterD. at21.I don't like to sit ___ Tom's right. I would like to sit ___ the back row.A. on; inB. in; onC. on; atD. at; on22.There is a brook(小溪)____ red flowers and green grass___ both sides.A. of withB. with; onC. of; atD. with; in23.Jiangsu is___ the east of China, but Japan is ___ the east of China.A. to; inB. in; to .C. on; toD. to; on24.1 like moon cakes ____ meat ____ them.A. in; onB. with; onC. in; theD. with; in25.When you are ___ trouble please ask help ___ us.A. in; fromB. in; forC. on; fromD. on; of26.The shopkeeper said they had sold out the shoes____ your size.A. aboutB. inC. toD. of27.I saw him___hurry at the moment.A. in aB. inC. onD. on a28.He put up a map ___ the back wall because there was a hole ___ it.A. on; onB. at; inC. on; inD. on; at29.There is a door___ the wall.A. onB. toC. ofD. in30.This kind of VCD is made____ China. .A. inB. fromC. atD. on31.There are some birds singing___ the trees.A. inB. onC. atD. from32.Don't read ____ the sun. It's bad ___ your eyes.A. in; toB. under; forC. with; toD. in; on33.The woman____ a blue dress is my teacher.A. inB. onC. ofD. at34.There are so many apples___ that tree.A. in B, on C. at , D. from35.The boat is passing___ the bridge.A. throughB. belowC. underD. across36.Two planes are flying___ the city.A. throughB. over ,C. on , D, below37. United States is ____ the south of Canada and ___ the east of Japan.A. to; inB.on;toC. in; besideD. at; on38.The man stood____the window, watching the boys playing outside.A. inB. byC. withD. to39.The river runs____ the city.A. acrossB. throughC. overD. from40.Uncle Wang arrived____ No. 14 Middle School half an hour ago.A. atB. inC., toD. /41.Did your friend send you something ___ the end of last week?A. atB. byC. inD. to42.They are waiting ___ a bus ___ the bus stop.A. for; inB. on; atC. with; atD. for; at43.Wood is often made ___ paper.A. byB. fromC. ofD. into44.A woman fell ___ the boat ___ the water.A. off; intoB. at; belowC. down; underD. away; in45.Is there any difference ____ these two sentences?A. forB. inC. amongD. between46.The police station is ___ the clothing shop ___ the post office.A. between; andB. among; andC. near; ofD. on; right47. The beautiful bottle was made ____ glass.A. fromB. inC. ofD. by48. _____ the help of the teacher, Tom has made rapidprogress ____ hisstudies.A. For; atB. Of; forC. By; onD. With; in49.The children are interested _____this subject.A. toB. withC. inD. at50.His mother often helps him ___ his English so he doesbetter ___ Englishthan others. ;A. with; inB. on; inC. in; withD. with; at。

合集下载

初中英语现在完成时语法归纳总结及练习

初中英语现在完成时语法归纳总结及练习

【初中英语】现在完成时语法归纳总结及练习现在完成时语法归纳总结及练习（含答案）现在完成时表示发生在过去持续到现在完成或未完成的事情，对现在造成了某种影响或产生了某种结果。

也表示到现在为止从未做过的事情。

现在完成时的谓语动词构成是：have/has+动词的过去分词（过去分词用P.P.表示），have/has叫助动词，变成否定形式是：haven’t /hasn’t +过去分词，变一般疑问句就是把have、has 提到主语前面，标点用问号, 用yes、no回答。

例如：I have ever seenthe film before. I haven't seen the film. Have you seen the film before？Yes，I have. No, Ihaven't.动词的过去分词的变化规则和过去式的规则是一样的。

分为规则变化和不规则变化。

规则变化和动词变过去式的方法一样。

不规则变化没有一定的规律性，得需要背诵。

一：把下列动词变成过去分词：1.enter _____2. afford _______3. invite______4. try ______5. stop______6. smell _______7. send _____8. dream _____9. do______ 10. get ______ 11.feel ______ 12. make _____在学习现在完成时态时，我们有时用一些词加以强调或说明。

如：just(刚刚，刚才)，already(已经), ever(曾经), never(从不), yet(还未). just一般用在肯定句中，放在have/has 和过去分词之间；already 用于肯定句，放在have/has 和过去分词之间或句尾。

ever一般没有句式限制，放在have/has 和过去分词之间；never表示否定意义，放在have/has 和过去分词之间；yet用于否定句或疑问句句尾，在否定句中一般翻译为：“已经”，在疑问句中一般翻译为：“尚，还未”。

初中英语语法：冠词用法口诀及习题(附答案)

初中英语语法：冠词用法口诀及习题(附答案)

英语口语语法学习口诀——定冠词用法口诀1.有水无湖：海、洋、海湾、河等，都用the;单个湖不用the,(但多个湖用the); the Red Sea, the Pacific Ocean, the Persian Gulf, the Yangtze RiverThe Great Lakes(五大湖）；Lake Erie(伊利湖）2.有球无星：地球，月亮用the;行星不用the: Mars, Venus;3.有山无峰：The Huangshan Mountains(黄山）；Mount Everest(珠穆朗玛峰）；Mount(or Mt.) Tai(泰山）.4.有独无欧（偶）：独一无二的，the earth,the moon,the sun用the;欧洲等七大洲不用the.Europe, Africa, Asia, North America, South America, Antarctica, Oceania5.有（足）族无球（运动）：种族用the:the Indians(印第安人)；球类运动baseball, basketball6.有文无章：历史性的文件用the;小说等的章节不用theThe Constitution(宪法）; chapter one7.学而不专：学校放在词组的前面时用the;专有名词放在词组的前面时不用the; The University of Fudan; Fudan University一、定冠词的用法。

特指双熟悉，上文已提及；世上独无二，序数最高级；某些专有名，习语及乐器。

以上口诀归纳了用定冠词的一般情况，即：①特指某些人或物①谈话双方都熟悉的人或事①上文已经提到的人或事①世界上独一无二的事物前①序数词回形容词最高级前①某些专有名词前①一些习惯短语（如：in the day等）中和乐器前（如：play the violin / piano）。

二、不用冠词的集中情况。

(完整版)初中一年级英语语法总结

(完整版)初中一年级英语语法总结

一、名词复数规则.1. 一般情况下, 直接加-s, 如: book-books.bag-bags.cat-cats.bed-beds.2. 以s.x.sh.ch结尾, 加-es, 如: bus-buses.box-boxes.brush-brushes.watch-watches .3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾, 变y为i.再加-es, 如: family-families.strawberry-strawberries.4. 以“f或fe”结尾, 变f或fe为v.再加-es, 如: knife-knives.5. 不规则名词复数:.man-men.woman-women.policeman-policemen.policewoman-policewomen.mouse-mice.child-children.foot-feet,.tooth-teeth.fish-fish.people-people.Chinese-Chinese.Japanese-Japanese二、一般现在时.一般现在时基本用法介..【No.1】一般现在时的功能. 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。

如：Th.sk.i.blue.天空是蓝色的。

. 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。

如：.ge.u.a.si.ever.day.我每天六点起床。

. 3.表示客观现实。

如：Th.eart.goe.aroun.th.sun.地球绕着太阳转。

.一般现在时的构成. 1.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。

如：..a..boy.我是一个男孩。

. 2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。

如：.W.stud.English.我们学习英语。

.当主语为第三人称单数(he.she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。

如：Mar.like.Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。

.一般现在时的变化. 1.be动词的变化。

初中语法感叹句讲解及练习

初中语法感叹句讲解及练习


好啊!
(4) How+形容词+ a/ an+单数名词+（主语+谓语）!
eg. How good a film we have seen!我们看了一场多么精彩的电影啊! How tall a man he is ! 他个
头好高啊!
注意: 1. what引导的感叹句: What+ (a/an)+ 形容词+名词+主语+谓语!整个感叹句的中心词是名词。因此当名 词是可数名词单数时,在形容词前加不定冠词a/an ;当名词时可数名词复数或不可数名词时,形容词前不加 任何冠词。此外,句子中的"主语+谓语"部分可以省略,即What an interesting book it is !也可以表达为; What an interesting book. 2.how引导的感叹句:How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他!句子的中心词是形容词或副词。如果修饰形容 词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词,如例句How beautiful sheis! ;如果修饰副词,则谓语动词用实意动词,如 How well he plays the piano!。 3.感叹句熟记口诀 感叹句,不麻烦,how或what在句前。 修饰名词用what, how与形、副紧相连。 主语、谓语不用变,省掉它们很常见。
区别What与How
how和what都用来引导感叹句。how 在这里是一个副词 ,用来修饰形容词和副词;而what是用来修饰名词 的，所以即使是同样的句子，how和what引导的句子结构是不一样的。观察下列句子,比较它们的不同之 处(1)多美丽的一朵玫瑰花呀! How beautiful a rose it is! What a beautiful rose it is! (2)多晴朗的天气呀! How sunny the weather is! What sunny weather it is!