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欧贝英语 有意义的英语学习

1 语法专题精讲1-句子种类

I. 要点

 句子按其结构可以分为以下三类：

——简单句（Simple Sentences）：只包含一个主谓结构的句子叫简单句，例如：

She is fond of collecting stamps. 她喜欢集邮。

(主) (谓)

—句子类型：

SV (V为不及物动词) I waited.

SVO We enjoyed the film.

SVA I waited eagerly. I waited at school

SVOA We enjoyed the film very much. We enjoyed the film last

night.

*SVO的补充类型

SVP (V为联系动词,P:predicative表语) I am happy. You look

tired.

SVOiOd (Oi :indirect object间接宾语 Od：direct object直接宾语)

She sent me a message.

—>可改为（to 型） V+Od +to +Oi She sent a message to me.

—>可改为（for 型）V+Od +for +Oi She bought a book for me.

—>既可改为（to 型）也可改为（for 型）V+Od +to/for +Oi She

sang a song to/for me.

SVOC (OC：object complement 宾补)

—形容词做宾补,表明宾语的性质、状态：She painted the door

red.

—名词（短语）做宾补，说明宾语的身份、性质等：We call the baby

Sarah.

—不定式做宾补：

-带to的不定式：We have invited all our friends to come.

-不带to的不定式：She noticed a car crash into a big tree.

—动词-ing做宾补：说明宾语正在进行的行为：I saw him waiting

at the school gate.

—动词-ed做宾补，补充说明宾语被施加的行为：I will have all the

material gathered this afternoon.

—“as/for+名词/代词”做宾补，常用于一些特定的结构中。We all

think of this poem as a description of the natural

beauty. You can keep whatever you like here for

yourself.

***识记高频考点：1. to 型双宾语动词 2. for 型双宾语动词 3.to 型/for型双宾语动词 4.不带to的不定式变为被动语态时，加to

——并列句（Compound Sentences）：包含两个或两个以上简单句的句子，句与句之间通常 用并列连词and ,but，or 或分号来连接，例如： 欧贝英语 有意义的英语学习

2 The food was good but he had little appetite.食物很精美，但他却没什么胃口。

He met Jane at the station and went shopping.(同一个主语时，可以省略)

——复合句（Complex Sentences）：包含一个主句从句和一个或几个从句的句子叫复合句，从句由从属连词引导，例如：

The film had begun when we got to the cinema.

主句 从句

我们到达电影院的时候，电影已经开演了。

 按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。

——陈述句（Declarative Sentences）：说明一个事实或陈述一种看法,结构为：主语部分+谓语部分。

Light travels faster than sound. 光比声速度快。 （说明事实）

The film is rather boring. 这部电影很乏味。 （说明看法）

（1）陈述句的肯定形式

I know you will come whatever difficulty you might come across.我知道不管遇到什么样的困难你都会来的。(正常语序)

Here comes the bus full of children from the states.公共汽车载着一车美国来的儿童驶来了。（倒装语序）

（2）陈述句的否定形式

如果句子的谓语含助动词/be 动词，就在其后加not。

I have seen the film.我看过这部电影。—>I haven’t seen the film.

I am good at playing football.我擅长踢足球。—> I am not good at

playing football.

如果句子的谓语不含助动词，就要加一个助动词，再加not。

I played football with my classmates last Sunday.我上周日和我的同学踢足球了。—>I didn’t play football with my classmates last Sunday.

*陈述句的否定形式

（1） 在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的谓语动词是think, expect,

believe, suppose, guess, fancy, imagine等，且主句主语是第一人称时，宾语从句谓语的否定习惯上要移到主句谓语上，如:I think he is not right.

(×) －>I don't think he is right. 我认为他是不对的。

（2） 含有否定意义的副词never, seldom, hardly, scarcely, rarely,

barely的句子应视为否定句，构成反意疑问句时，提问部分要用肯定形式。

如: You have never been there before,have you?我以前从没去过那里,是吗？

——祈使句：表示请求或命令的句子，省略主语you，句子以动词原型开头，句尾用句号或叹号。

肯定形式：Take care! Please open the door for the old lady.

否定形式：Don't stand there.

*（1）主语为第一、三人称的祈使句，通常用动词let开头。

Let me tell you the answer.让我告诉你答案吧。

Let us have a rest.咱们休息一下吧。Let us —>Let’s 欧贝英语 有意义的英语学习

3 （2）在祈使句后面用反意疑问句，要注意人称的变化。 如：Go to the

cinema，will you?

注意 Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we? Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you?

——疑问句（Interrogative Sentences）：提出问题，句尾用问号。常见的有以下四种：

a. 一般疑问句（General Questions）：对事实提问，用yes/no来回答。

Can you finish the work in time? 你能按时完成工作吗？Yes,I can.

*用其它的词回答（肯定：certainly,surely,sure,of course,I think

so,all right 否定：certainly not,of course not,not at

all,never,sorry,not yet,I’m afraid not）

b. 特殊疑问句（W Questions; H Questions）：就句中某一部分进行提问，结构：疑问词+一般疑问句。疑问词有(5w+h)：who/whom/whose,what,where,when,why,how

Where do you live? 你住那儿？ How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事

c. 选择疑问句（Alternative Questions）：对问题给出两个或两个以上的答案，供对方选择其一。有两种形式：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句。Do you want

tea or coffee? 你是要茶还是要咖啡？ Which do you prefer,cold

drinks or hot?你更喜欢冷饮还是热饮？

d. 反意疑问句（Tag-Questions）：附加在陈述句后的简单问句，征询意见，或者希望事实得到证实。有两种形式：前肯后否、前否后肯

He doesn't know her, does he? 他不认识她，对不对？

Sophia is good at playing the violin,isn’t she?索菲亚擅长拉小提琴，是不是？

*在回答时，不管陈述句是肯定的还是否定的，肯定的回答用yes，否定的回答用no.

You didn’t attend the conference,did you?你没有参加这个会议，对不对？

-Yes,I did.不，我参加了。

- No,I didn’t.是的，我没参加。

反意疑问句

（1） need和dare 既可作情态动词，又可作实意动词，在反问部分须加以区别，

如We needn't leave, need we? We don't need to leave, do

we?

（2） 陈述部分出现否定意义的副词或代词如never, seldom, few, hardly,

little等时，反问部分须用肯定形式

如：He seldom comes, does he?

Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?

（3）主语是everything，something，anything，nothing时，用it 指代。

合集下载

grammar知识点总结

grammar知识点总结

grammar知识点总结

Grammar is a set of rules and principles that govern the use of language. It includes the

structure of words, phrases, clauses, and sentences, as well as the rules for using

punctuation and capitalization. Understanding grammar is essential for effective

communication, as it helps to ensure that our messages are clear, concise, and accurate. In

this summary, we will cover the key aspects of grammar, including parts of speech, sentence

structure, and common grammatical errors.

Parts of Speech

One of the fundamental concepts in grammar is the classification of words into parts of

speech. This classification helps us to understand how words function in sentences and how

they relate to one another. There are eight main parts of speech:

1. Noun: A noun is a word that represents a person, place, thing, or idea. Examples include

英语：《U1Grammar》教学讲解课件

英语：《U1Grammar》教学讲解课件

Read these sentences from the

2. He told us about the rules of the school.

3. I sat next to a girl whose name was Diane.

4. She was the teacher who taught us

English Literature.

5. All my classmates enjoyed the cake that I made.le and excitinq

experience.

glasses Harry Potter

a brave boy

a boy

with

a boy who is brave and wearing Long and difficult sentence

structure analysis \ \ \

S=subject, P=predicate, O=object,

Attr=attributive, Adv=adverbial

I like the baby who/that/whose...

grovel on the ground

Which is

your

favorite

monkey? Read the passage on P9 and

find out the attributive clauses.Talk about the functions of

relative pronouns

1 ・ David was one of the most helpful

students that we ever had.

2. She was the teacher who taught us English Literature.

3. Most of the students that\who \whom he taught have become his friends.

译林牛津Unit 1 This is me! Period 4-- Grammar 1(新版原创)

译林牛津Unit 1 This is me! Period 4-- Grammar 1(新版原创)

淮安市纪家楼实验学校七年级英语教案 七上

Unit 1 Period 4

第1页 共4页 Unit 1 This is me!

Period 4 Grammar 1

Teaching aims:

1.To understand simple present tense of the verb to be

2.To master the forms and basic uses of its positive, negative and question

sentences

3. Use simple present tense to communicate with others according to the

topic in this unit

Teaching focus:

To master the forms and basic uses of its positive, negative and question

sentences

Teaching difficulties:

1. To master the forms and basic uses of its positive, negative and

question sentences

2. Use simple present tense to communicate with others according to the

topic in this unit

Teaching approaches:

Task-based approach , Communicative approach

Teaching aids:

Multimedia , Blackboard , Chalk , Workbook

Teaching procedures:

牛津译林版英语九上Unit4《GrowingUp》(Grammar1)说课稿

牛津译林版英语九上Unit4《GrowingUp》(Grammar1)说课稿

牛津译林版英语九上Unit 4《Growing Up》（Grammar1）说课稿

一. 教材分析

《Growing Up》是牛津译林版英语九年级上册Unit 4的一篇文章，主要讲述了一个名叫Jack的小男孩在成长过程中，从小学到中学，再到大学，最后成为一名作家的故事。文章通过描述Jack在不同阶段的生活经历，让学生了解成长过程中的变化和挑战，并学会如何面对。

本节课的主要语法知识点是现在完成时态，通过学习Jack的成长经历，让学生掌握现在完成时态的构成、用法和辨析。同时，文章中还涉及一些词汇和短语，如：primary school, secondary school, university等，为学生提供了丰富的语言材料。

二. 学情分析

九年级的学生已经具备了一定的英语基础，对过去时态有了初步了解。但是，对于现在完成时态的掌握还不够扎实，需要通过本节课的学习来进一步巩固。同时，学生对于成长过程中的变化和挑战可能还缺乏深刻的认识，通过本文的学习，可以让学生有所启发和感悟。

三. 说教学目标

1. 知识目标：

– 掌握现在完成时态的构成、用法和辨析；

– 学会运用现在完成时态描述个人的成长经历。

2. 能力目标：

– 提高学生的阅读理解能力，能读懂并理解文章内容；

– 培养学生的口语表达能力，能用英语谈论自己的成长过程。

3. 情感目标：

– 让学生认识到成长过程中的变化和挑战，学会面对和克服困难；

– 培养学生的团队合作精神，学会与人分享和交流。

四. 说教学重难点

• 现在完成时态的构成、用法和辨析；

• 文章内容的理解和掌握。

• 现在完成时态的运用，尤其是体现在日常交流中的运用； • 对文章深层含义的理解，以及如何将文章内容与个人经历相结合。

五. 说教学方法与手段

1. 采用任务型教学法，让学生在完成任务的过程中，自然地学习和掌握现在完成时态；

2. 运用情境教学法，创设各种情境，让学生在实际情境中运用英语；