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第1讲名词和冠词[小题夯基练]单句语法填空1．But without sunlight and good soil，soon the leaves began to fall down and the ________ (branch)began to dry.解析：branches [由空前的the可知，此处应用名词形式，且根据常识可知，树上不止一根树枝，而branch是可数名词，故填branches。
]2．Now，Sanzhenzhai has approximately 100 ________ (outlet)across the country.解析：outlets [根据设空处前的数字100可推知空处需填名词复数形式。
]3．The little boy ate so many ________ (potato) and so much meat that he threw up at dawn.解析：potatoes [potato前有many修饰，故用名词的复数形式。
]4．Buckingham Palace is a great tourist ________ (attract)，drawing millions of visitors every year.解析：attraction [句意为：白金汉宫是一个著名的旅游景点，每年都吸引上百万游客前去参观。
tourist attraction旅游景点，是固定短语。
]5．There are many students living at school；the ________ (child) houses are all far from school.解析：children's [由students可以判断出横线处应填复数，且作houses的定语，所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为children's。
]6．Trust us.It might make you ________ genius.解析：a [考查不定冠词。
[小题夯基练]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(天津·改编)The quality of education in this small school is better than ____________ in some larger schools.解析：that [that指代可数名词单数或不可数名词，空处指代的quality为抽象不可数名词，故用that。
]2．(北京·改编)The park was full of people，enjoying ____________ in the sunshine.解析：themselves [根据句意可知是公园里的人正在享受阳光，故用反身代词themselves。
]3．(全国卷Ⅱ·改编)Sarah made ____________ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.解析：it [make it是固定用法，本题中意为“(尤指在困难的情况下)准时到达，赶上”，后可搭配介词to，再接表示地点的名词。
]4．(四川·改编)On my desk is a photo that my father took of ____________ when I was a baby.解析：me [“that my father took of ____________”作定语修饰photo，that 在定语从句中作took的宾语，根据短语take a photo of sb.“为某人照相”判断用代词me。
] 5．(江西·改编)My brother would like to buy a good watch but ____________ was available from that shop.解析：none [none意为“没有一个”，可以指代人或者物，在句中作主语。
专题四语法填空强化训练二十二单句语法填空专练一、谓语动词的变化Ⅰ.重点练1．Plastic ________ (use) to make a large number of products we use every day, such as drink and food containers, trash bags and so on.2．A man who really ________ (know) how to learn will always be successful, because he will not only be able to do it well himself, but also be able to teach others how to do it.3．Nuo dancing, one of the most ancient arts and a necessary element in Nuo opera, ________(exist) in Nanfeng County, Jiangxi for over 2，000 years.4．Many people didn't have any preparation in their minds when the hurricane ________ (strike) the city.5．The police ________ (search) for the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.Ⅱ.易错练1．Waiting on both sides of the street ________ (be) excited fans who wanted to see the leading actor in the play.2．What you said just now ________ (have) nothing to do with the matter we are discussing.3．I am sorry that I can not meet you at the airport. I ________ (leave) Tianjin by the time you come back from abroad.4．I ________ (try) to reach the manager for the last two hours but the line is always busy.5．Downsize your dinner plates. The less food put in front of you, the less food you ________ (eat).二、非谓语动词的变化Ⅰ.重点练1．________ (have) a full discussion of the problem, the committee spenta whole hour exchanging their ideas at the meeting.2．After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope________ (provide).3．King John managed to lose his French lands in about AD 1200, thus________ (break) England's tie with France.4．We can save thousands a year if we compare the prices of similar items before________ (decide) to buy.5．In my mind, our discussions are helping us to become calm and consider________ (win) the game and solving real problems as well.6．The little boy stood there with his eyes ________ (focus) on the icecreamin his mother's hand.7．The report ________ (publish) today says poor countries will experience more flooding, declining food production and more diseases.8．He raised his voice in order to make himself ________ (hear), but in vain.There were too many customers in the store.Ⅱ.易错练1．One afternoon, as I was sitting with a book in my hand, my eyes, ________ (raise) in abstraction to the window, caught sight of a figure just passing.2．________ (station) overseas, as the professor puts it means a valuable chancefor soldiers to practise the skills.3．The project that we are working hard to see ________ (complete) next monthwill relieve the traffic pressure.三、名词、形容词和副词Ⅰ.重点练1．The ________ (arrive) of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure thatthose vehicles are environmentally friendly.2．Throughout the buffet dinner, we enjoyed several fantastic ________ (perform).3．One study shows that petting living creatures can help people relieve________ (anxious) , while animal toys have no such effect at all.4．He asked ________ (permit) to introduce his friend, whose name was Wickham, and who had apparently arrived recently from London.5．Girls are luckier than boys; they have more flexible ________ (choose) than boys.6．In the memoir, Michelle speaks ________ (honest) of difficulties she met with in her life.7．They are faster and ________ (accurate) than human workers and never ask for a pay rise or take breaks!8．The Forbidden City draws visitors because of its rich history and ________ (culture) significance but perhaps it should add one more thing to its list of attractions: earthquake shelter.9．After many studies, they found the ________ (simple) solution was to build a dam, but this would have ruined the Minjiang River.10．While there are ________ (amaze)stories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.Ⅱ.易错练1．This is by far________ (inspiring) movie that I have ever seen.2．According to ________ (rely) sources, a terrible storm struck La Estrella in 1883, killing nearly half of the residents.3．Now there are over 700 hives in Paris, which are actually on the ________ (roof) of famous Parisian buildings, hotels and restaurants.4．She always has a ________ (prefer) for white, so I am not surprised at all that she chose the white skirt.5．You are working too hard. You'd better keep a balance between work and ________ (relax).四、冠词、介词和代词Ⅰ.重点练1．When you have high selfrespect and selfconfidence, you feel secure and have________ open heart and calm mind.2．It took me quite a while to find a parking place for my car, and in ________ end I had to leave it in a narrow street, some way away from the dentist's.3．If I wanted to be ________ more responsible person, I needed to make daily decisions that a responsible person would make.4．Another friend of ________ (I) realized that two offduty lifeguards, Liz and Alison Manley, were nearby.5．________ date, seven species of primates have been discovered living in the 5，800hectare conservation area of Xiaoheishan Mountain in Longling County.6．For ________ next hundred years, the city was home to almost all of the large trading shops in the country.Ⅱ.易错练1．They discovered that singing in groups was ________essential part in helping people recover from mental illness.2．The preview offers ________ unique opportunity to see the show without the crowds.3．Most people work because it's unavoidable. ________ contrast, there are some people who actually enjoy working.4．The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than ________on the small ones.五、并列结构和三大从句Ⅰ.重点练1．Most importantly, though, remember the following old rule: try to eat different food,________ not too much.2．I was driving home late at night ________ my car lost momentum (动力) and got slower and slower.3．If you visit Nepal, you will find the Nepalese often greet each other with the hands pressed together, ________ in North America and the UK, people greet one another by shaking hands.4．Scientists say it may be five or six years ________ it is possible to testthis medicine on patients.5．However, ________concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvestsand sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.6．The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ________you are better than anyone else on the sports field.7．Meanwhile, as the construction goes on, more roads will be built and the Metrosystem will be expanded, ________ can reduce traffic jams.8．Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for________Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.9．As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time _______ he should be able to be independent.10．The books on the desk, ________ covers are shiny, are prizes for us.Ⅱ.易错练1．I had hardly sat down on the train and opened a bar of chocolate________areally old man with huge bags sat down across from me.2．As John Lennon once said, life is ________ happens to you while you are busymaking other plans.3．The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ________his employees enjoy their work.4．Soon the children in the camp had many new friends, with________they sharedfood and stories.5．Following the decline in house prices in many smalland mediumsized cities,there are now signs________house prices in major cities may also be set for a slide.强化训练二十二单句语法填空专练一、谓语动词的变化Ⅰ.重点练1．答案与解析：is used 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。
第3讲形容词和副词[小题夯基练]单句语法填空1．David has won the first prize in singing；he is still excited and feels the ________ (little) desire to go to bed.解析：least [大卫“兴奋过头而睡意全无”，再结合空前的信息the暗示，此处该用little的最高级，故填least(最少的，最小的)，与句意吻合。
]2．We'll have to expand our production to meet the ________ (increase) demand for locally grown food.解析：increasing [本空要用形容词作定语修饰demand，因此用提示词的形容词形式increasing表示“不断增长的”。
]3．The workers are so ________ (accustom) to the noise of the machine that they don't even notice it during their work.解析：accustomed [be accustomed to是固定搭配，意为“习惯于”。
]4．—Our English teacher is as humorous as he is intelligent.—It could never be ________ (true)．I'm crazy about him.解析：truer [答语句意为“太好了，我对他着迷。
”根据句意可知后者完全同意前者的看法，否定词＋比较级＝最高级。
]5．While sometimes it's necessary to have phone calls in public，loud phone conversations are not so ________ (accept)．解析：acceptable [be 动词are后接形容词充当表语。
2020高考英语增分大二轮讲义：语法部分+专题三+基础点课时+第1讲+Word版含答案第1讲名词解答有关名词的题目时，一定要注意名词前的修饰成分，如数词、量词常修饰可数名词复数，也要注意修饰不可数名词的词或短语等，以用来判断其应为不可数名词还是可数名词的单复数形式，有时还要结合语境分析句子成分来判断是否需要作主语、宾语、表语或定语的名词。
考点感悟考点素能一名词复数变化规律1．规则名词变复数的6种形式(1)一般情况下，在词尾直接加－s：book→books, mouth→mouths, house→houses, girl→girls(2)以－s, －x, －ch, －sh结尾的名词，在词尾加－es：glass→glasses, box→boxes, match→matches, brush→brushes(3)以辅音字母＋y结尾的名词，变y为i再加－es：city→cities, country→countries, party→parties, factory→factories(4)以元音字母＋y结尾的名词，在词尾直接加－s：holiday→holidays, monkey→monkeys(5)以o结尾的名词常在词尾加－s：radio→radios, zoo→zoos, piano→pianos, kilo→kilos, photo→photos；加－es的有：hero→heroes, Negro→Negroes, tomato→tomatoes, potato→potatoes(6)以－f, －fe结尾的名词①少数直接加－s：roof→roofs, belief→beliefs②一般以－f或－fe结尾的名词要变f或fe为v再加－es：self→selves, life→lives, thief→thieves, wife→wives, knife→knives, leaf→leaves, shelf→shelves, wolf→wolves, half→halves 2．不规则名词变复数的常见形式(1)单复数同形：deer, sheep, means, series, Chinese, Swiss, aircraft, spacecraft(2)变内部元音：foot→feet, tooth→teeth, man→men, woman→women(3)外来名词：medium→media 媒体，phenomenon→phenomena 现象，analysis→analyses 分析二常见的不可数名词一般来说，物质名词和抽象名词是不可数的，因此没有复数形式，一般也不能用a或an修饰。
2020高考英语二轮专题复习课标通用版（跟踪检测）语法填空2（含4套）含解析专题跟踪检测1语法填空(一)(限时25分钟)(见专题跟踪检测P147)A(2020·安徽合肥调研)A Relay Event Brings Diverse Cultures TogetherWhen Herman Kambugu received the good news he was expecting, he did something unusual. He ran for 32km in 1.____________(celebrate). Kambugu, who works for the Standard Chartered Bank (StanChart) in Uganda, was among the over 86,000 employees around the world who had attempted 2.____________(take) part in a relay across Belt and Road countries as a way to see how the Belt and Road Initiative (“一带一路”倡议) is developing. Kambugu and seven more of his co-workers in StanChart's offices around the world visited 44 destinations along the Belt and Road routes, 3.____________ helped them understand the initiative better.Kambugu 4.____________(witness) how the Belt and Road Initiative is changing life for 5.____________ better in East Africa so far. “The Mombasa-Nairobi Railway has not only shortened transportation time, but also created over 20,000 jobs for local people in Kenya，” he said. Serena Leung from the Hong Kong office said 6.____________ she had seen during her journey impressed7.____________(she). In some places, people greeted them in Mandarin. They spoke it8.____________(fluently) than some people from Hong Kong,she said jokingly.“By running together, we run further，”added Therese Neo, a customer manager from the Singapore office. As she saw it, the countries 9.____________(participate) in the Belt and Road Initiative were like the 10.____________(runner). When they join forces, they have a better shared future.语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：跨文化交流语篇导读：通过参加奔越“一带一路”沿途国家的接力赛，Herman Kambugu和同事深刻体会到：“一带一路”倡议让参与国的人民的生活更美好。
高考真题典例Passage 1[2023·新课标Ⅰ]Xiaolongbao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers encasing hot, 1.________ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether 2.________ (bite)a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出),3.________ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue (舌头).Shanghai may be the 4.________ (recognize) home of the soup dumpling, but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring ancient canal town of Nanxiang as xiaolongbao's birthplace. There, you'll find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup—and the wrappers are pressed 5.________ hand rather than rolled.Nanxiang aside, the best xiaolongbao have a fine skin, allowing them6.________ (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of7.________ (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with 8.________ touch of sweetness, and the surrounding soup hot, clear and delicious.No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is 9.________ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left 10.________ (want) more next time.[答题区]1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________6．________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________Passage 2[2023·新课标Ⅱ]Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach...the animals?Since June 2017, right before the 1.________ (arrive) of the two new pandas,Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 2.________ (confidence) speaking English. And who do they speak English 3.________？Not the pandas, even though 4.________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 5.________ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give 6.________ (interview) in English with international journalists. This is 7.________ they need an English trainer.So, what are they learning? 8.________ (basic), how to describe a panda's life. It's been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 9.________ to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I 10.________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I'm living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.[答题区]1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________6．________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________Passage 3[2022·新高考Ⅰ] The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set upa Giant Panda National Park (GPNP). 1.________ (cover) an area about three times2.________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that3.________ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority4.________ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. After a threeyear pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP5.________ (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity (真实性) and integrity of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones,6.________ leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”. The GPNP's main goal isto improve connectivity between separate 7.________ (population) and homes of giant pandas, and 8.________ (eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.Giant pandas also serve 9.________ an umbrella species, bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 10.________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.[答题区]1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________6．________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________高考真题典例Passage 1【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。
