[整理版]CATTI 笔译三级教材

2024catti三级笔译英文回答：Paragraph 1。

The main purpose of the 2024 CATTI Level 3 Translation Examination is to assess the translation abilities of candidates, including their accuracy, fluency, and cultural understanding. To pass the exam, candidates must demonstrate a high level of proficiency in both the source and target languages, as well as in-depth knowledge of the specific subject matter being translated.Paragraph 2。

The exam consists of two parts: written translation and oral translation. The written translation section tests candidates' ability to translate texts from the source language into the target language, while the oral translation section tests their ability to translate spokencontent from the source language into the target language. Both sections require candidates to demonstrate a comprehensive understanding of the source language, a strong command of the target language, and a well-developed sense of cultural context.Paragraph 3。

一下的一些东西是需要打印的生物工程词语：gene pool 基因库diagnosis therapy recombination 重组cloneGenetic expression 基因组表达mutationNano material 纳米材料protein engineeringDecode the secret of human 揭开人类的奥秘Growth hormone 生长激素cell culture pharmaceutical Console 控制台pawnshop 当铺Offspring the Food and Drug Administration批准endorse approve approval (名词)The United States Senate and House of Representatives both approved landmark Medicare drug bills on Friday that will give older Americans help in paying for their prescription medicines 跨时代意义The Consumer Federation of America slaughterhouseBiotechnology bioengineering life science and technology genome 基因组Human clone the cloning technology is a double-edged sword. 双刃剑Stem cell 干细胞soilless cultivation 无土栽培transgenosis animal 转基因动物Genetically modified/ altered crops/food 转基因作物。

Cross-breeding 杂交培育hybrid rice 杂交水稻asexual reproduction 无性繁殖Issue 组织recipient 受体transgenic organism sequenceShyness 羞涩mammal habitat legal situations课文分析和一些可以采纳的句型和词语Major 作为重大的再次列举一些的表达方法：A majority of sort of number of在表示。

全国翻译资格考试三级笔译综合能力资料推荐教材：1．《英语笔译综合能力3级》，外文，黄源深总主编，2006年版。

（黄皮书）2．《英语三级笔译考试真题精选》，外文，卢敏编，2006年版。

（蓝皮书）课外阅读材料：1．培基、喻云根等，《英汉翻译教程》。

：外语教育，1980年版。

2．宏薇，《新实用汉译英教程》。

：教育，1996年版。

3．柯平，《英汉与汉英翻译教程》。

：大学，1993年版。

4．瑞昌、喻云根，《汉英翻译教程》。

：人民，1983年版。

5．陆殿扬，《英汉翻译理论与技巧》（上、下册）。

：时代，1958年版。

6．莉藜，《英汉互译教程》。

：大学，1993年版。

7．仲英，《实用翻译教程》。

：外语教学与研究，1994年版。

8．庆华，《实用翻译教程》。

：外语教育，1997年版。

9．郭著章，《英汉互译实用教程》。

武昌：大学，1996年版。

10．申雨平，《实用英汉翻译教程》。

：外语教学与研究，2002年版。

11．古今明，《英汉翻译基础》。

：外语教育，2002年版。

12．恩冕、正中，《大学英汉翻译教程》。

：对外经济贸易大学，1998年版。

13．长拴，《非文学翻译理论与实践》。

：中国对外翻译出版公司。

14．桂华，《中式英语之鉴》。

：清华大学。

15．庄绎传，《英汉翻译简明教程》。

：外研社。

16．渊冲：《翻译的艺术》，五洲传播出版。

17．包惠南著：《文化语境与语言翻译》，中国对外翻译出版公司。

18．善芬等著：《英汉语言对比研究》，外语教育。

19．曾蕙兰：《进出口实用英语》，外文。

《汉英文化词典》，外语教育。

20．《翻译研究论文集》(1894-1948、1949-1983)(《翻译通讯》编辑部)21．《翻译理论与翻译技巧文集》，中国对外翻译出版公司。

22．Language, Culture, and Translation，by Eugene A. Nida, Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press词法、句法流派代表作陆殿扬：《英汉翻译理论与技巧》，商务印书馆。

汉译英（以下两本选一本） 外研社出版的《新世纪汉英大词典》，收词 14 万，同类字典收词最多，大字本 188 元，
小字本 99 元，尤其收入大量新词，正对考试胃口。 商务印书馆的《新时代汉英大词典》，收词 12 万，新词多，比上一本稍差，但比外研
社传统的《汉英词典》好，因为有大量紧扣时代的新词汇。> 另外：
对全部高中资料试卷电气设备，在安装过程中以及安装结束后进行高中资料试卷调整试验；通电检查所有设备高中资料电试力卷保相护互装作置用调与试相技互术关，系电通，力1根保过据护管生高线产中0不工资仅艺料可高试以中卷解资配决料置吊试技顶卷术层要是配求指置，机不对组规电在范气进高设行中备继资进电料行保试空护卷载高问与中题带资2负料2，荷试而下卷且高总可中体保资配障料置2试时32卷，3各调需类控要管试在路验最习；大题对限到设度位备内。进来在行确管调保路整机敷使组设其高过在中程正资1常料中工试，况卷要下安加与全强过，看度并25工且52作尽22下可护都能1关可地于以缩管正小路常故高工障中作高资；中料对资试于料卷继试连电卷接保破管护坏口进范处行围理整，高核或中对者资定对料值某试，些卷审异弯核常扁与高度校中固对资定图料盒纸试位，卷置编工.写况保复进护杂行层设自防备动腐与处跨装理接置，地高尤线中其弯资要曲料避半试免径卷错标调误高试高等方中，案资要，料求编试技5写、卷术重电保交要气护底设设装。备备置管4高调、动线中试电作敷资高气，设料中课并技3试资件且、术卷料中拒管试试调绝路包验卷试动敷含方技作设线案术，技槽以来术、及避管系免架统不等启必多动要项方高方案中式；资，对料为整试解套卷决启突高动然中过停语程机文中。电高因气中此课资，件料电中试力管卷高壁电中薄气资、设料接备试口进卷不行保严调护等试装问工置题作调，并试合且技理进术利行，用过要管关求线运电敷行力设高保技中护术资装。料置线试做缆卷到敷技准设术确原指灵则导活：。。在对对分于于线调差盒试动处过保，程护当中装不高置同中高电资中压料资回试料路卷试交技卷叉术调时问试，题技应，术采作是用为指金调发属试电隔人机板员一进，变行需压隔要器开在组处事在理前发；掌生同握内一图部线纸故槽资障内料时，、，强设需电备要回制进路造行须厂外同家部时出电切具源断高高习中中题资资电料料源试试，卷卷线试切缆验除敷报从设告而完与采毕相用，关高要技中进术资行资料检料试查，卷和并主检且要测了保处解护理现装。场置设。备高中资料试卷布置情况与有关高中资料试卷电气系统接线等情况，然后根据规范与规程规定，制定设备调试高中资料试卷方案。

第一节,,,,,考试内容介绍、定语从句讲解、练习及译法第一部分,,,,,考试介绍一、考试题型词汇和语法部分,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,50题,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,25分,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,25分钟阅读理解,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,50题,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,55分,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,75分钟完型填空,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,20题,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,20分,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,20分钟二、考试要求掌握本大纲要的英语词汇；掌握并能够正确运用双语语法；具备对常用问题英语文章的阅读理解能力。

三、笔译综合能力试题的基本类型第一部分词汇和语法部分可分为三大部分：词汇选择（Vocabulary,,,,,and,,,,,Grammar）1-20难度大约在四级左右；词语替代（Vocabulary,,,,,Selection）21-40主要找出和划横线部分相同意思的词汇，难度在4级到6级之间；改错（Error,,,,,Correction）主要有词汇和语法的两种错误。

第一部分考察的内容主要为近义词的辨析、短语介词和动词词组的搭配；语法点主要包括定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句、虚拟语气、非谓语动词等等。

在其后会分专题来讲解。

第二部分阅读理解共5篇，字数在每篇150-450字之间，绝大多数在250字左右，每篇有5到10题，不定量。

题材广泛，选题多样。

类似于四级以上难度和题型，但是和专业四级题型更加相似。

第三部分为开放性完型填空，20空，共20分。

题材广泛，选题多样。

2．定语从句的前置合译法与后置分译法： Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate response will experience greater intellectual development. 译文：行为主义者认为, 如果儿童的成长环境里有许多刺激因素, 这些因素又有利于其适当 反应能力的发展, 那么, 儿童的智力就会发展到较高的水平。 The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took roots in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be. 译文：希腊人认为，语言结构与思维能力过程之间存在着某种联系。这一观点在人们尚未认 识到语言的千差万别以前就早已在欧洲扎下了根。
第三部分为开放性完型填空，20 空，共 20 分。题材广泛，选题多样。难度和专业四级 等同。 四、基本复习策略
综合能力课程作为三级笔译必修的课程，主要是考察学生对于英语基本知识的了解，特 别是对双语习惯的掌握，为了能够更好地为实务课程打下坚实的基础，所以希望每一位同学 都不要对这门课程产生掉以轻心的念头。根据个人经验，我个人推荐以下几个复习的策略：
最高级修饰先行词时）两（先行词同时出现人和物）序（序数词修饰先行词时）”五种情况。

catti 三级笔译英语CATTI (China Accreditation Test for Translators and Interpreters) is a prestigious examination in China for translators and interpreters. It is divided into three levels, with the third level being the highest. This article will provide an overview of the CATTI Level 3 English translation exam, discussing its significance, content, and tips for success.Introduction:The CATTI Level 3 English translation exam is a highly regarded certification that demonstrates a translator's advanced proficiency in English translation. This article aims to shed light on the importance of this certification and provide guidance for those aspiring to pass the exam.I. Significance of CATTI Level 3 English Translation Certification:1.1 Recognition in the Industry:- CATTI Level 3 certification is widely recognized and respected in the translation industry in China.- It serves as a testament to the translator's high level of English proficiency and translation skills.- Many employers, including government agencies and international organizations, require CATTI Level 3 certification for hiring translators.1.2 Career Advancement:- Holding a CATTI Level 3 certification opens up numerous career opportunities for translators.- Translators with this certification are more likely to secure higher-paying jobs and work on prestigious projects.- It enhances one's professional reputation and credibility, leading to increased demand for their services.1.3 Personal Development:- Preparing for the CATTI Level 3 exam allows translators to improve their English language skills and translation techniques.- It provides an opportunity to expand knowledge in various fields, as the exam covers a wide range of topics.- The rigorous preparation required for the exam helps translators refine their time management and critical thinking abilities.II. Content of the CATTI Level 3 English Translation Exam:2.1 Translation Skills:- The exam assesses the translator's ability to accurately and fluently translate English texts into Chinese.- It evaluates the translator's understanding of the source text, grammar, vocabulary, and cultural nuances.- The exam may include texts from various domains, such as politics, economics, science, and literature.2.2 Interpretation Skills:- In addition to translation, the exam also tests the interpreter's consecutive interpretation skills.- The interpreter must be able to listen to an English speech or conversation and accurately interpret it into Chinese.- The exam evaluates the interpreter's ability to maintain the speaker's tone, style, and meaning during interpretation.2.3 Terminology and Knowledge:- The CATTI Level 3 exam requires a deep understanding of specialized terminology in various fields.- Translators must possess extensive knowledge in areas such as law, finance, technology, and medicine.- The exam assesses the translator's ability to accurately use terminology and maintain consistency throughout the translation.III. Tips for Success in the CATTI Level 3 English Translation Exam:3.1 Extensive Reading and Vocabulary Building:- Read a wide range of English texts, including newspapers, books, and academic articles, to improve vocabulary and language comprehension.- Focus on specialized fields to enhance knowledge and understanding of industry-specific terminology.3.2 Practice Translation and Interpretation:- Regularly practice translating and interpreting English texts to improve accuracy and fluency.- Seek feedback from experienced translators or language professionals to identify areas for improvement.3.3 Time Management and Exam Strategies:- Develop effective time management skills to ensure all tasks are completed within the allocated time frame.- Familiarize yourself with the exam format and requirements to develop appropriate strategies for each section.Conclusion:The CATTI Level 3 English translation exam is a significant certification for translators and interpreters in China. It provides recognition, career advancement opportunities, and personal development. Success in the exam requires a strong command of English, translation skills, and specialized knowledge. By following the tips provided, aspiring candidates can enhance their chances of passing the exam and advancing in their translation careers.。

二、词汇、句型口译1、词汇口译领导换届 the change of state leadership抗击非典疫症 the combat against SARS 上任 to take office 里程碑landmark惊心动魄 soul-stirring 艰苦卓绝arduous坚定不移steadfast 振兴经济 to revitalize the economy勤劳、勇敢和智能 the assiduity, courage and wisdom改善民主 improve people's livelihood改善施政 improve standards of governance 珠江三角洲 the Pearl River Delta 民族振兴 national revival义不容辞 unshirkable 干杯 cheers欢聚一堂 join (together) 突如其来 No sooner than; come all of a sudden 小康 well-off; well-to-do; comfortably off紓解民困alleviate people's hardships 化解民怨redress public grievances 凝聚民心 improve social solidarity经济转型 economic transformation/restructuring主人翁姿态 role of master 繁荣昌盛thriving prosperity抓紧/加快/推动 step up; speed up; promote香港个人游 Individual Visits to HK 稳定楼市stabilize property market财政政策fiscal policy2、句型口译我们为此感到无比骄傲和自豪。

Our pride and joy in this accomplishment is .三、口译技巧1．英汉语序调整英语状语可前可后，汉语状语一般前置。

全国翻译资格考试三级笔译综合能力资料推荐教材：1．《英语笔译综合能力3级》，外文出版社，黄源深总主编，2006年版。

（黄皮书）2．《英语三级笔译考试真题精选》，外文出版社，卢敏编，2006年版。

（蓝皮书）课外阅读材料：1．张培基、喻云根等，《英汉翻译教程》。

上海：上海外语教育出版社，1980年版。

2．。

3．陈宏薇，《新实用汉译英教程》。

武汉：湖北教育出版社，1996年版。

4．柯平，《英汉与汉英翻译教程》。

北京：北京大学出版社，1993年版。

5．吕瑞昌、喻云根，《汉英翻译教程》。

西安：陕西人民出版社，1983年版。

6．陆殿扬，《英汉翻译理论与技巧》（上、下册）。

北京：时代出版社，1958年版。

7．杨莉藜，《英汉互译教程》。

开封：河南大学出版社，1993年版。

8．范仲英，《实用翻译教程》。

北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1994年版。

9．冯庆华，《实用翻译教程》。

上海：上海外语教育出版社，1997年版。

10．郭著章，《英汉互译实用教程》。

武昌：武汉大学出版社，1996年版。

10．申雨平，《实用英汉翻译教程》。

北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2002年版。

11．古今明，《英汉翻译基础》。

上海：上海外语教育出版社，2002年版。

~12．王恩冕、李正中，《大学英汉翻译教程》。

北京：对外经济贸易大学出版社，1998年版。

13．李长拴，《非文学翻译理论与实践》。

北京：中国对外翻译出版公司。

14．姜桂华，《中式英语之鉴》。

北京：清华大学出版社。

15．庄绎传，《英汉翻译简明教程》。

北京：外研社。

16．许渊冲：《翻译的艺术》，五洲传播出版社出版。

17．包惠南著：《文化语境与语言翻译》，中国对外翻译出版公司。

18．何善芬等著：《英汉语言对比研究》，上海外语教育出版社。

19．曾蕙兰：《进出口实用英语》，外文出版社。

《汉英中华文化词典》，上海外语教育出版社。

20．《翻译研究论文集》(1894-1948、1949-1983)(《翻译通讯》编辑部)21．《翻译理论与翻译技巧文集》，中国对外翻译出版公司。

全国翻译资格考试CATTI三级笔译综合能力讲义目录第一节2021年3月21日下午15：00-17：30主要容：1．对于考试的了解和复习的根本策略2．主要语法知识点〔一〕定语从句，练习及其译法第二节2021年3月21日晚上18：30-21：00主要容：1．主要语法知识点〔二〕定语从句，长难句分析及翻译第三节2021年3月28日下午15：00-17：30主要容：1．主要语法知识点〔三〕非谓语动词，练习及其译法2．阅读理解讲解第四节2021年3月28日晚上18：30-21：00主要容：1．主要语法知识点〔四〕非谓语动词，长难句分析及翻译2．阅读理解两篇第五节2021年3月29日下午15：00-17：30主要容：1．主要语法知识点〔五〕被动语态，练习及其译法2．阅读理解讲解第六节 2021年3月29日晚上18：30-21：00主要容：1．主要语法知识点〔六〕被动语态，长难句分析及翻译2．阅读理解两篇第七节 2021年4月4日下午15：00-17：30主要容：1．主要语法知识点〔七〕代词及虚拟语气，练习及其译法2．阅读理解讲解3．完型填空根本思路讲解第八节 2021年4月4日晚上18：30-21：00主要容：1．主要语法知识点〔八〕代词及虚拟语气，长难句分析及翻译2．词汇一般练习3．阅读理解两篇第九节 2021年4月11日下午15：00-17：30主要容：1．词汇一般练习，形容词和副词的一般译法，长难句分析及翻译2．阅读理解讲解第十节 2021年4月11日晚上18：30-21：00主要容：1．词汇一般练习2．阅读理解两篇、完型填空根本思路讲解3．最后复习指导性建议推荐教材：1．"英语笔译综合能力3级"，外文，黄源深总主编，2006年版。

〔黄皮书〕2．"英语三级笔译考试真题精选"，外文，卢敏编，2006年版。

〔蓝皮书〕课外阅读材料：1．培基、喻云根等，"英汉翻译教程"。

Introductione.g. [E-C]-1-11. 他少年老成。

2. 中国现在 15岁至 55岁的女性约有3.8亿, 大多数女性, 尤其是在城市中, 都希望在经济条件许可的情况下把自己打扮得光鲜亮丽。

e.g. [C-E]-1-22. The pot calls the kettle black.e.g. [E-C]-1-3-略e.g. [E-C]-1-41. 新闻发布会上记者提出的主要是关于昨天选举结果的问题, 总统说他无法解释共和党为何遭受如此溃败,而最终失去了在众议院中长期以来的优势地位。

2. 我国经济受到重创,一部分因为贪婪和不负责任所致, 另一部分因为我们未能做出艰难抉择从而为新时代做好准备。

3. 他走出房间,穿过走廊,走下楼梯,横穿大街,到银行中去取钱。

e.g. [C-E]-1-51. It is by no means easy for a foreigner who doesn’ t speak Chinese to travel much of China alone.2. China is a country with a vast territory, a long history, beautiful natural landscapes, lots of places of interest and rich culture.3. The Chinese government values the development of tourism, and takes it as the core of thetertiary industry by exploring tourism resources, improving facilities, enhancing the quality of service.Skills✧e.g. [E-C]-2-11. 最近的情况表明,中国在控制车市、楼市等领域投资方面所作的努力正在显出成效,这在某种程度上将有助于打消人们的顾虑:即作为全球增长的重要动力源—中国经济有可能崩盘。

A Part of Utah Built on Coal Wonders What Comes NextPRICE, Utah — For generations, coal has been the lifeblood of this mineral-rich stretch of eastern Utah. Mining families proudly recall all the years they toiled underground. Supply companies line the town streets. Above the road that winds toward the mines, a soot-smudged miner peers out from a billboard with the slogan “Coal = Jobs.”But recently, fear has settled in. The state’s oldest coal-fired power plant, tucked among the canyons near town, is set to close, a result of new, stricter federal pollution regulations.As energy companies tack away from coal, toward cleaner, cheaper natural gas, people here have grown increasingly afraid that their community may soon slip away. Dozens of workers at the facility here, the Carbon Power Plant, have learned that they must retire early or seek other jobs. Local trucking and equipment outfits are preparing to take business elsewhere.“There are a lot of people worried,” said Kyle Davis, who has been employed at the plant since he was 18.Mr. Davis, 56, worked his way up from sweeping floors to managing operations at the plant, whose furnaces have been burning since 1954.“I would have liked to be here for another five years,” he said. “I’m too young to retire.”But Rocky Mountain Power, the utility that operates the plant, has determined that it would be too expensive to retrofit the aging plant to meet new federal standards on mercury emissions. The plant is scheduled to be shut by April 2015.“We had been working for the better part of three years, testing compliance strategies,” said David Eskelsen, a spokesman for the utility. “None of the ones we investigated really would produce the results that would meet the requirements.”For the last several years, coal plants have been shutting down across the country, driven by tougher environmental regulations, flattening electricity demand and a move by utilities toward natural gas.This month, the board of directors of the Tennessee Valley Authority, the country’s largest public power utility, voted to shut eight coal-powered plants in Alabama and Kentucky and partly replace them with gas-fired power. Since 2010, more than 150 coal plants have been closed or scheduled for retirement.The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that the stricter emissions regulations for the plants will result in billions of dollars in related health savings, and will have a sweeping impact on air quality.In recent weeks, the agency held 11 “listening sessions” around the country in advance of proposing additional rules for carbon dioxide emissions.“Co al plants are the single largest source of dangerous carbon pollution in the United States, and we have ready alternatives like wind and solar to replace them,” said Bruce Nilles,director of the Sierra Club’s Beyond Coal campaign, which wants to shut all of the nation’s coal plants.“We have a choice,” he said, “which in most cases is cheaper and doesn’t have any of the pollution.”Coal’s downward turn has hit Appalachia hardest, but the effects of the transition toward other energy sources has started to ripple westward.Mr. Eskelsen said Rocky Mountain Power would place some of the 70 Carbon facility employees at its two other Utah coal plants. Other workers will take early retirement or look for different jobs.Still, the notion that this pocket of Utah, where Greek, Italian and Mexican immigrants came to mine coal more than a century ago, could survive without it, is hard for people here to comprehend.“The attack on coal is so broad-reaching in our little community,” said Casey Hopes, a Carbon County co mmissioner, whose grandfather was a coal miner. “The power plants, the mines —they support so many smaller businesses. We don’t have another industry.”Like others in Price, Mr. Hopes voiced frustration with the Obama administration, saying it should be investing more in clean coal technology rather than discarding coal altogether. Annual Utah coal production, though, has been slowly declining for a decade according to the federal Energy Information Administration.Last year, mines here produced about 17 million tons of coal, the lowest level since 1987, though production has crept up this year.“This is the worst we’ve seen it,” said David Palacios, who works for a trucking company that hauls coal to the power plants, and whose business will slow once the Carbon plant closes. Mr. Palacios, president of the Southeastern Utah Energy Producers Association, noted that the demand for coal has always ebbed and flowed here.“But this has been two to three years we’re struggling through,” he said.Compounding the problem, according to some mining experts, is that until now, most of the state’s coal has been sold and used within the region, rather than being exported overseas. That has left the industry here more vulnerable to local plant closings.Cindy Crane, chairwoman of the Utah Mining Association, said demand for Utah coal could eventually drop as much as 50 percent. “For most players in Utah coal, this a tough time,” said Ms. Crane, vice president of PacifiCorp, a Western utility and mining company that owns the Carbon plant.Mr. Nilles of the Sierra Club acknowledged that the shift from coal would not be easy on communities like Carbon County. But employees could be retrained or compensated for lost jobs, he said, and new industries could be drawn to the region.Washington State, for example, has worked with municipalities and utilities to ease the transition from coal plants while ensuring that workers are transferred to other energy jobs or paid, if nearing retirement, Mr. Nilles said.“Coal has been good to Utah,” Mr. Nilles said, “but markets for coal are drying up. You need to get ahead of this and make sure the jobs don’t all leave.”For many here, coal jobs are all they know. The industry united the area during hard times, too, especially during the dark days after nine men died in a 2007 mining accident some 35 miles down the highway. Virtually everyone around Price knew the men, six of whom remain entombed in the mountainside.But there is quiet acknowledgment that Carbon County will have to change — if not now, soon.David Palacios’s father, Pete, who worked in the mines for 43 years, has seen coal roar and fade here. Now 86, his eyes grew cloudy as he recalled his first mining job. He was 12, and earned $1 a day.“I’m retired, so I’ll be fine. But these young guys?” Pete Palacios said, his voice trailing off.NARSAQ, Greenland — As icebergs in the Kayak Harbor pop andhiss while melting away, this remote Arctic town and its culture are alsodisappearing in a changing climate.Narsaq’s largest employer, a shrimpfactory, closed a few years ago after the crustaceans fled north to coolerwater. Where once there were eight commercial fishing vessels, there is nowone.As a result, the population here,one of southern Greenland’s major towns, has been halved to 1,500 in just adecade. Suicides are up.“Fishing is the heart of this town,”said Hans Kaspersen, 63, a fisherman. “Lots of people have lost theirlivelihoods.”But even as warming temperatures areupending traditional Greenlandic life, they are also offering up intriguing newopportunities for this state of 57,000 — perhaps nowhere more so than here inNarsaq.Vast new deposits of minerals andgems are being discovered as Greenland’s massive ice cap recedes, forming thebasis of a potentially lucrative mining industry.One of the world’s largest depositsof rare earth metals —essential for manufacturing cellphones, wind turbinesand electric cars — sits just outside Narsaq.It has long been known thatGreenland sat upon vast mineral lodes, and the Danish government has mappedthem intermittently for decades. Niels Bohr, Denmark’s Nobel Prize-winningnuclear physicist and a member of the Manhattan Project, visited Narsaq in 1957because of its uranium deposits.But previous attempts at miningmostly failed, proving too expensive in the inclement conditions. Now, warminghas altered the equation.Greenland’s Bureau of Minerals andPetroleum, charged with managing the boom, currently has 150 active licensesfor mineral exploration, up from 20 a decade ago. Altogether, companies spent$100 million exploring Greenland’s deposits last year, and several are applyingfor licenses to begin construction on new mines, bearing gold, iron and zincand rare earths. There are also foreign companies exploring for offshore oil.The Black Angel lead and zinc mine,which closed in 1990, is applying to reopen this year, said Jorgen T.Hammeken-Holm, who oversees licensing at the country’s mining bureau, “becausethe ice is in retreat and you’re getting much more to explore.”The Greenlandic government hopesthat mining will provide new revenue. In granting Greenland home rule in 2009,Denmark froze its annual subsidy, which is scheduled to be decreased further inthe coming years.Here in Narsaq, a collection ofbrightly painted homes bordered by spectacular fjords, two foreign companiesare applying to the government for permission to mine.That proximity promises employment,and the company is already schooling some young men in drilling and in English,the international language of mine operations. It plans to build a processingplant, a new port and more roads. (Greenland currently has none outside ofsettledareas.) Narsaq’s tiny airport, previously threatened with closure fromlack of traffic, could be expanded. A local landlord is contemplatingconverting an abandoned apartment block into a hotel.“There will be a lot of peoplecoming from outside and that will be a big challenge since Greenlandic culturehas been isolated,” said Jasper Schroder, a student home in Narsaq fromuniversity in Denmark.Still, he supports the mine andhopes it will provide jobs and stem the rash of suicides, particularly amonghis peers; Greenland has one of the highest suicide rates in the world. “Peoplein this culture don’t want to be a burden to their families if they can’tcontribute,” he said.But not all are convinced of thebenefits of mining. “Of course the mine will help the local economy and willhelp Greenland, but I’m not so sure if it will be good for us,” said Dorotheaodg aard, who runs a local guesthouse. “We are worried about the loss ofnature.”It didn’t take long for Manuel García Murillo, a bricklayer who took over as mayor here last June, to realize that his town was in trouble. It was 800,000 euros, a little more than $1 million, in the red. There was no cash on hand to pay for anything — and there was work that needed to be done.But then an amazing thing happened, he said. Just as the health department was about to close down the day care center because it didn’t have a proper kitchen, Bernardo Benítez, a construction worker, offered to put up the walls and the tiles free. Then, Maria José Carmona, an adult education teacher, stepped in to clean the place up.And somehow, the volunteers just kept coming. Every Sunday now, the residents of this town in southwest Spain — young and old — do what needs to be done, whether it is cleaning the streets, raking the leaves, unclogging culverts or planting trees in the park.“It was an initiative from them,” said Mr. García. “Day to day we talked to people and we told them there was no money. Of course, they could see it. The grass in between the sidewalks was up to my thigh. “Higuera de la Serena is in many ways a microcosm of Spain’s troubles. Just as Spain’s national and regional governments are struggling with the collapse of the construction industry, overspending on huge capital projects and a pileup of unpaid bills, the same problems afflict many of its small towns.But what has brought Higuera de la Serena a measure of fame in Spain is that the residents have stepped up where their government has failed. Mr. García says his phone rings regularly from other town officials who want to know how to do the same thing. He is serving without pay, as are the town’s two other elected officials. They are also forgoing the cars and phones that usually come with the job.“We lived beyond our means,” Mr. García said. “We invested in public works that weren’t sensible. We are in technical bankruptcy.” Even some money from the European Union that was supposed to be used for routine operating expenses and last until 2013 has already been spent, he said.Higuera de la Serena, a cluster of about 900 houses surrounded by farmland, and traditionally dependent on pig farming and olives, got swept up in the giddy days of the construction boom. It built a cultural center and invested in a small nursing home. But the projects were plagued by delays and cost overruns.The cultural center still has no bathrooms. The nursing home, a whitewashed building sits on the edge of town, still unopened. Together, they account for some $470,000 of debt owed to the bank. But the rest of the debt is mostly the unpaid bills of a town that was not keeping up with its expenses. It owes for medical supplies, for diesel fuel, for road repair, for electrical work, for musicians who played during holidays.Higuera de la Serena is not completely without workers. It still has a half-time librarian, two half-time street cleaners, someone part-time for the sports complex, a secretary and an administrator, all of whom are paid through various financing streams apart from the town. But the town once had a work force twice the size. And when someone is ill, volunteers haveto step in or the gym and sports complex — open four hours a day — must close.For more than 30 years, I have been wondering about L.R. Generson.On one of our first Christmases together, my husband gave me a complete set of Dickens. There were 20 volumes, bound in gray cloth with black corners, old but in good condition. Stamped on the flyleaf of each volume, in faded block letters, was the name of the previous owner: "L.R. Generson, M.D., Bronx, NY."That Dickens set is one of the best presents anyone has ever given me. A couple of the books are still pristine, but others - “Bleak House,’’ “David Copperfield,’’ and especially “Great Expectations’’ - have been read and re-read almost to pieces. Over the years, the character kept me company. And so, , has L.R. Generson.，in his silent enigmatic way.Did he love the books as much as I do? Who was he? On a whim, I Googled him. There wasn’t much - a single mention on a veterans’ website of a World War II captain named Leonard Generson. But I did find a Dr. Richard Generson, an oral surgeon living in New Jersey. Since Generson is not a common name, I decided to write to him.Dr. Generson was kind enough to write back. He told me that his father, Leonard Richard Generson, was born in 1909. He lived in New York City but went to medical school in Basel, Switzerland. He spoke 10 languages fluently. As an obstetrician and gynecologist, he opened a practice in the Bronx shortly before World War II. His son described him as “an extremely patriotic individual’’; right after Pearl Harbor he closed his practice and enlisted. He served throughout the war as a general surgeon with an airborne special forces unit in Europe, where he became one of the war’s most highly decorated physicians.Leonard Generson’s son didn’t remember the Dickens set, though he told me that there were always a lot of novels in the house. His mother probably “cleaned house’’ after his father’s death in 1977 - the same year my husband bought the set in a used book store.I found this letter very moving, with its brief portrait of an intelligent, brave man and his life of service. At the same time, it made me question my presumption that somehow L.R. Generson and I were connected because we’d owned the same set of books. The letter both told me a little about him, and told me that I would never really know anything about him - and why should I? His son must have been startled to hear from a stranger on such a fragile pretext. What had I been thinking?One possible, and only somewhat facetious, answer is that I’ve read too much Dickens. In the world of a Dickens novel, everything is connected to everything else. Orphans find families. Lovers are joined (or parted and morally strengthened). Ancient mysteries are solved and old scores are settled. Questions are answered. Stories end.Leonard Generson’s life touched mine only lightly, th rough the coincidence of a set of books. But there are other lives he touched more deeply. The next time I read a Dickens novel, I will think of him and his military service and his 10 languages. And I will think of the hundreds of babies he must have delivered, who are now in the middle of their own lives and their own stories.格陵兰岛纳萨克——随着皮艇港(Kayak Harbor)的冰山在融化过程中发出嘶嘶的响声，这座偏远的北极小镇和它的文化，也正在随着气候变化而消失。

CATTI英语翻译二三级口笔译考试辅导丛书+真题下载汇总辅导丛书：英语二级口笔译大纲+实务+综合能力+历年真题官方用书下载英语三级口笔译大纲+实务+综合能力+历年真题官方用书下载英语三级口笔译综合+实务辅导录音全26盒mp3下载[下载]翻译资格2级口译综合能力(部分)MP3真题：[下载]全国翻译专业资格水平考试辅导丛书—英语三级笔译考试真题详解(2003-2005)[下载]2004年5月英语二级笔译综合能力试题及答案[下载]2003年12月英语二级口译综合能力试题及答案[下载]2004年5月英语三级笔译实务试题及答案[下载]2003年英语三级口译综合能力录音材料[下载]2003年12月英语三级口译实务试题及答案各种口笔译教程、试题资料汇总（2009年10月16日更新）纳米盘下载不了的同学，可点击实用翻译教程迅雷全部下载可用Ctrl+F，在左下角会出现“查找： ”，可输入你想要查找的书籍笔译：【中文】《中国翻译通史》(A History of Translation in China)达妮卡：口笔译概论翻译期刊集合梅德明：新编商务英语翻译翁凤翔：当代国际商务英语翻译介绍翻译研究Introducing Translaiton Studies【实用翻译教程】Edwin Gentzler：当代翻译理论（第二版）许钧等：文学翻译的理论与实践-翻译对话录（8月7日更新）（中国对外翻译出版公司）刘重德：西方译论研究.pdf（8月7日更新）2本李延林等：英语文化翻译学教程(理论+实践)（8月7日更新）英国诗选-卞之琳译+卞之琳的翻译思想与译诗实践漫谈期刊（8月7日更新） 张保红：汉英诗歌翻译与比较研究（8月7日更新）查良铮：雪莱抒情诗选英译.pdf（8月7日更新）文学翻译实用指南Literary Translation-A Practical Guide（8月7日更新）刘重德：文学翻译十讲.pdf（8月7日更新）翻译与翻译过程：理论与实践.pdf（8月6日更新）郭建中：科普与科幻翻译-理论、技巧与实践.pdf（8月6日更新）（英文原版）文化构建：文学翻译论集.pdf（8月6日更新）孙迎春：汉英双向翻译学语林.pdf（8月6日更新）程永生：描写交际翻译学.pdf（8月6日更新）翻译精要-陈定安.pdf（8月6日更新）陈定安：英汉修辞与翻译.pdf（8月6日更新）蒋坚松和黄振定：语言与翻译研究.pdf（8月6日更新）张光明：英汉修辞思维比较与翻译（8月6日更新）费道罗夫：翻译理论概要.pdf（8月6日更新）汉英英汉美文翻译与鉴赏+(中英对照)张今：文学翻译原理.pdf（8月5日更新）语内翻译与语际翻译的比较（8月5日更新）张振玉：译学概论（8月5日更新）杜建慧等：翻译学概论.pdf（8月5日更新）郭延礼_中国近代翻译文学（8月5日更新）（北京大学出版社）孔慧怡：翻译·文学·文化.pdf（8月5日更新）廖七一等：当代英国翻译理论（8月5日更新）于光中谈翻译.pdf（8月5日更新）刘季春：实用翻译教程.pdf刘牟尼：汉译英指南.pdf徐亚男：外事翻译-口译和笔译技巧.pdf张宗美：科技汉英翻译技巧.pdf李学平：通过翻译学英语.pdf稽德全：汉英翻译研究与实践.pdf胡晓吉：实用英汉对比翻译.pdf黄新渠：汉译英基本技巧(修订本）.pdf罗进德：翻译理论与实务丛书-汉英时文翻译：政治经济汉译英300句析（贾文波）.pdf方梦之：实用文本汉译英.pdf陈廷祐：跟我学翻译-英语汉译技巧.pdf[教材]魏志成：汉英比较翻译教程练习.pdf[教材]叶子南：高级英汉翻译理论与实践.pdf中国对外翻译出版：论英汉翻译技巧.pdf口译：【翻译下载】阎勇--汉英口译实用词语（2009.10.16更新）【实用翻译教程】李天舒： 最新简明英语口译教程.rar（9月3日更新）《英语口译教程》上下（8月24日更新）《英语中级口译资格证书分类试题》下载（8月24日更新）《实用英语口译教程》MP3（8月24日更新）《上海交大口译视频教程 》（8月24日更新）《商务现场口译》（8月24日更新）《高级口译历年真题解析真题原文标准答案及详解》（8月20日更新）《第三版高级口译实考试卷汇编》mp3.rar（8月20日更新）《英语高级口译全真实况》（8月20日更新）《英语口译基础教程》（8月20日更新）《英语同声传译教程》（8月20日更新）中级口译教程mp3版本下载刘和平教授口译讲座录音.rar张文：汉英英汉高级口译教程（8月5日更新）（复旦大学出版社）康志峰：英语中级口译指南[（8月5日更新）王吉玉：简明口译教程.pdf（8月5日更新）让 艾赫贝尔：口译须知.pdf张坤鹏：口译知识与技巧.pdf。

Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)英译中〔选自2021年11月纽约时报〕Old people in Widou Thiengoly say they can remember when there were so many trees t hat youcouldn’t see the sky.Now, miles of reddish-brown sand surround this village in nor thwesternSenegal, dotted with occasional bushes and trees. Dried animal dung is scatter ed everywhere,but hardly any dried grass is.Overgrazing and climate change are the major causes of the Sahara’s advance, said Gille sBoetsch, an anthropologist who directs a team of French scientists working with Senegal eseresearchers in the region.“The local Peul people are herders, often nomadic. But the pressure ofthe herds on the land has become too great,〞 Mr. Boetsch said in an intervie w. “The vegetationcan’t regenerate itself.〞Since 2021, however, Senegal has been fighting back against the encroaching desert. Ea ch yearit has planted some two million seedling trees along a 545-kilometer, or 340-mile, ribbon of landthat is the country’s segment of a major pan-African regeneration project, the Great proposed in 2005, the program links Senegal and 10 other Saharan states in a n allianceto plant a 15 kilometer-wide,7,100-kilometer-long green belt to fend off the manycountries have still to start on their sections of the barrier, Senegal has taken the lead, with thecreation of a National Agency for the Great Green Wall.“This semi-arid region is becoming less and less habitable. We want to make it possible f orpeople to continue to live here,〞 Col. Pap Sarr, the agency’s technical director, said in aninterview here. Colonel Sarr has forged working alliances between Senegalese researc hers andthe French team headed by Mr. Boetsch, in fields as varied as soil microbiology, ecology,medicine and anthropology.“In Senegal we hope to experiment with different wa ys of doingthings that will benefit the other countries as they become more active,〞 the colonel since 2021, from May to June, about 400 people are employed in eight nurseries , choosingand overseeing germination of seeds and tending the seedlings until they are r eady for August,1,000 people are mobilized to plant out rows of seedlings, about 2 million plants,allowing them a full two months of the rainy season to take root before the long, dry seasonsets i n.After their first dry season, the saplings look dead, brown twigs sticking out of holes in th eground, but 80 percent survive. Six years on, trees planted in 2021 are up to three met ers, or10 feet, far,30,000 hectares, or about 75,000 acres, have been planted, including 4,000hectares thisare already discernible impacts on the microclimate, said Jean-LucPeiry, a physical geogr aphy professor at the Université Blaise Pascal in Clermont-Ferrand,France, who has place d 30 sensors to record temperatures in some planted parcels.“Preliminary results show that clumps of four to eight small trees can have an important i mpacton temperature,〞 Professor Peiry said in an interview.“The transpiration of the trees creates amicroclimate that moderates daily temperature e xtremes.〞“The trees also have an importantrole in slowing the soil erosion caused by the wind, red ucing the dust, and acting like a largerough doormat, halting the sand-laden winds from the Sahara,〞 he is responding tothe changes.“Migratory birds are reappearing,〞 Mr. Boetsch said.The project uses eight groundwater pumping stations built in 1954, before Senegal achie ved itsindependence from France in 1960. The pumps fill giant basins that provide water for animals,tree nurseries and gardens where fruit and vegetables are grown.Section2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points)中译英〔选自?中国的医疗卫惹事业?白皮书〕安康是促进人的全面开展的必然要求。

CATTI三级笔译实务Section1: English-Chinese translationThe importance of agriculture cannot be overstated. More than 50 percent of the world’s labor force is employed in agriculture. The distribution in the early 1980s ranged from 67 percent of those employed in Africa to less than 5 percent in North America. In Western Europe, the figure was about 16 percent; in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union, about 32 percent; and in Asia, about 68 percent.Farm size varies widely from region to region. Recently the average for Canadian farms was about 186 ha (about 460 acres) per farm, and for U.S. farms, about 175 ha (about 432 acres). The average size of a single landholding in the Philippines, however, may be somewhat less than 3.6 ha (less than 9 acres), and in Indonesia, a little less than 1.2 ha (less than 3 acres).Size also depends on the purpose of the farm. Commercial farming, or production for cash, is usually done on large holding. The plantations of Latin America are large, privately owned estates worked by tenant labor. Single-crop plantations produce tea, rubber, cocoa. Wheat farms are most efficient when they comprise some thousands of hectares and can be worked by teams of people and machines. Australian sheep stations and other livestock farms must be large to provide grazing for thousands of animals.Individual subsistence farms or small-family mixed-farm operations are decreasing in number in developed countries but are still numerous in the developing countries of Africa and Asia. A “back-to-the-land” movement in the U.S. reversed the decline of small farms in New England and Alaska in the decade from 1970 to 1980.The conditions that determine what will be raised in an area include climate, water supply, and terrain.Over the 10,000 years since agriculture began to be developed, peoples everywhere have discovered the food value of wild plants and animals and domesticated and bred them. The most important are cereals such as wheat, rice, barley, corn and rye.Agricultural income is also derived from non-food crops such as rubber, fiber plants, tobacco, and oilseeds used in synthetic chemical compounds. Money is also derived from raising animals for pelt.Much of the foreign exchange earned by a country may be derived from a single commodity; for example, Sri Lanka depends on tea, Denmark specializes in dairy products, Australia in wool, and New England in meat products. In the U.S., wheat has become a major foreign exchange commodity in recent years.The importance of an individual country as an exporter of agricultural products depends on many variables. Among them is the possibility that the county is too little developed industrially to produce manufactured goods in sufficient quantity or technical sophistication. Such agricultural exporters include Ghana with cocoa, and Myanmar with rice. On the other hand, an exceptionally well-developed country may produce surpluses not needed by its own population; this as been true of the U.S., Canada, and some of the West European countries.Section2: Chinese-English translation由于西藏地处“世界屋脊”，自然条件恶劣，也由于几百年落后的封建农奴制社会形成的各种社会历史条件内的限制，西藏在全国还属于不发达地区。

CATTI-笔译三级实务Unitone—TourisumUnit One——TourismMaya: Away from CrowdsCentral America is home to many secret treasures（秘密宝藏）for tourists who like to avoid the crowds, including numerous ancient Maya settlements.The seven countries of Central America — Guatemala（危地马拉）, Panama（巴拿马），Belize（伯利兹）, Honduras（洪都拉斯）,El Salvador （萨尔瓦多）,Nicaragua（尼加拉瓜）and Costa Rica（哥斯达黎加）—are full of natural beauty（自然美景）and cultural treasures. Many of the region’s nature reserves（自然保护区）, ancient Maya settlements and colonial cities have been declared world culture heritage sites by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.There are lots of volcanoes and an exotic animal kingdom to explore, yet few people outside the region know of them. The view into the crater （火山口）of Masaya V olcano in Nicaragua is a breathtaking experience, enlivened by the accompanying strong smell of sulphur（硫磺）and the loud stream of parrots. Yet the car park on the edge of the crater is nearly empty. This is a boon（奖赏）for daring travelers who can enjoy all the beauty without having to share it with hordes（比肩接踵的）of other visitors.El Salvador has a “rode of flowers” and Nicaragua has a “rode of white villages” conne cting villages from the colonial period. Honduras isdeveloping a means of connecting the native American communities in the Atlantic coast from the Garifuna, descendents of the Carribean Indians and Africans, to the Miskito Indians inthe jungle.Geological enthusiasts could also follow a volcanic trail through Central America. There are many volcanoes in just a small area, some with perfectly cone-shaped（圆锥形的）peaks constantly emitting smoke from their craters. Some of them are partially accessible.A bus travels to the edge of Masaya craters in Nicaragua, an active volcano just 500 meters high. For safety reasons, every traveler should get local information from the local tourism authority before climbing a volcano.The Arenal V olcano（阿雷纳尔火山）in northern Coast Rica terrified local inhabitants and tourists in August 2000 when it spouted hot gas and ash.Individual traveler can easily find travel information. The long distance buses that connect all the countries in the region are very comfortable with air conditioning and TV.And if you travel through the villages in small, local rundown （破旧的）buses, you will swiftly come into close contact（亲密接触）with local inhabitants and their animals. You are just as likely to have a hen thrust into your lap as a small child.。

game, or walking his baby in the park, contentedly. But then, Sampras has never wanted to be seen. He only wanted to be great.我想我应该不会再看到桑普拉斯在四分之一决赛里为了再一次听到观众的喝彩而努力拚搏的景象了。

我更不会再若干年后的预选赛中看到一个不怎么体面、挺着啤酒肚的桑普拉斯。

也许以后我们会在湖人队比赛的观众席中找到他的身影，又或是在公园中看到他一脸满足的在和孩子散步。

如果真到了那个时候，桑普拉斯该是不希望被人们看到的吧。

因为他想要我们看到的是最优秀的他。

WORD LIST1.Ceremonialn. 仪式adj. 正式的A head of state may not have much political power, and may be restricted to ceremonialduties.国家元首也许没有太多政治上的权利，而仅限于礼仪上的职责。

2.stutter-step停顿，顿挫运动（如，足球、篮球、网球）中的一种步法，以停顿和顿挫影响对手的判断；这个短语也有“对于某项工作或举动做游移不定，没有准确的决定”的意思3.cravev. 恳求，渴望He knows that if they trust him, he can give them the happiness which they crave.他知道如果他们信任他，他能够把他们热切渴望的幸福赐予他们。

At this time the inner man began to crave the nourishment.这时，肚子开始咕咕叫着要吃东西了。

4.feten. 庆祝、祭祀、节日；vt. 宴请、招待、给予…巨大的荣誉Despite the bad weather the fete will go ahead.尽管天气不好，庆祝活动会照常进行。