2020高考英语说明文和议论文类完形填空精选试题1.阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A 、B 、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid -March - ___1___ six months out of the year“Of course, we ___2___ it when the sun is shining,” says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s tourism office. “We see the sky is ___3___, but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a ___4___ day.”But that ___5___ when a system of high -tech ___6___ was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks(山峰) into the valley below. Wednesday, residents(居民) of Rjukan ___7___ their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to ___8___. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that ___9___ them to turn along with the sun throughout the ____10____ and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam(束) of light onto the town’s central ____11____, creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light ____12____, Rjukan residents gathered together.“People have been ____13____ there and standing there and taking ____14____ of each other,” Ro says. “The town square was totally ____15____. I think almost all the people in the town were there.” The 3,500 residents cannot all ____16____ the sunshine at the same time. ____17____, the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s ____18____ residents.“It’s not very ____19____” she says, “but it is enough when we are ____20____.” 1. A. only B. obviously C. nearly D. precisely 2. A. fear B. believe C. hear D. notice 3. A. empty B. blueC. highD. wide 4. A. cloudy B. normalC. differentD. warm 5. A. helped B. changedC. happenedD. mattered 6. A. computers B. telescopes C. mirrors D. cameras 7. A. remembered B. forecasted C. received D. imagined 8. A. repair B. risk C. rest D. use 9. A. forbids B. directs C. predicts D. follows 10. A. day B. night C. month D. year 11. A. libraryB. hallC. squareD. street.,12. A. appeared B. returned C. faded D. stopped13. A. driving B. hiding C. camping D. sitting14. A. pictures B. notes C. care D. hold15. A. new B. full C. flat D. silent16. A. block B. avoid C. enjoy D. store17. A. Instead B. However C. Gradually D. Similarly18. A. nature-loving B. energy-saving C. weather-beaten D. sun-starved19. A. big B. clear C. cold D. easy20. A. trying B. waiting C. watching D. sharing2In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the now famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively ___21___ work and will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.In any case, despite so much evidence to the ___22___, many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe, _____23_____, that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed from ___24___ without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers.Different cultures have different ways of ___25___ people. Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-making — all members of the department or work group are asked to ___26___ to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general___27___. Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional ___28___ managers cannot.A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own without ___29___ managers first. This empowerment (授权) has been part of the trend towardsdownsizing:___30___ the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be ___31___ with just a top level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public. Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has ___32___ been the case. Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to ___33___ that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less.Another trend is off-site or ___34___ management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internetwork on projects from their own houses. Project managers evaluate the ___35___ of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.21. A. desire B. seek C. lose D. dislike22. A. contrary B. expectation C. degree D. extreme23. A. vice versa B. for example C. however D. otherwise24. A. outside B. inside C. below D. above25. A. replacing B. assessing C. managing D. encouraging26. A. refer B. contribute C. object D. apply27. A. agreement B. practice C. election D. impression28. A. bossy B. experienced C. western D. male29. A. asking B. training C. warning D. firing30. A. doubling B. maintaining C. reducing D. estimating31. A. honored B. left C. crowded D. compared32. A. economically B. traditionally C. inadequately D. occasionally33. A. deny B. admit C. assume D. ensure34. A. virtual B. ineffective C. day-to-day D. on-the-scene35. A. opinion B. risk C. performance D. attractiveness3.In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The ___36___ is that countries around the world have growing mountains of ___37___ because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.How did we ___38___ a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to ___39___ an object than to spend time and money to repair it. ___40___ modern manufacturing(制造业)and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and ___41___.Another cause is our ___42___of disposable(一次性的)products. As ___43___ people, we are always looking for ___44___ to save time and make our lives easier. Companies ___45___ thousands of different kinds of disposable products:paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.Our appetite for new products also ___46___ to the problem. We are ___47___ buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that ___48___ is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we ___49___ useful possessions to make room for new ones.All around the world, we can see the ___50___ of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To ___51___ the amount of rubbish and to protect the ___52___, more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. ___53___, this is not enough to solve(解决)our problem.Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions ___54___ throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about ___55___. Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.36. A. key B. reason C. project D. problem37. A. gifts B. rubbish C. debt D. products38. A. face B. become C. observe D. change39. A. hide B. control C. replace D. withdraw40. A. Thanks to B. As to C. Except for D. Regardless of41. A. safe B. funny C. cheap D. powerful42. A. love B. lack C. prevention D. division43. A. sensitive B. kind C. brave D. busy44. A. ways B. places C. jobs D. friends45. A. donate B. receive C. produce D. preserve46. A. adapts B. returns C. responds D. contributes47. A. tired of B. addicted to C. worried about D. ashamed for48. A. newer B. stronger C. higher D. larger49. A. pick up B. pay for C. hold onto D. throw away50. A. advantages B. purposes C. functions D. consequences51. A. show B. record C. decrease D. measure52. A. technology B. environment C. consumers D. brands53. A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Meanwhile54. A. by B. in favour of C. after D. instead of55. A. spending B. collecting C. repairing D. advertising4.One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault-finder. However, life can be ___56___ when you are not busy finding fault with it.Several years ago I ___57___ a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry, who described herself as a world-class,fault-finder, almost always ___58___ by things. People were always doing things that annoyed her, and ___59___ was ever good enough. She was highly self-critical and also found fault with her friends. She became a really___60___ person.Unfortunately it took a horrible accident to change her ___61___. Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash. What made it almost ___62___ to deal with was that the day before the ___63___, Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her ___64___ of boyfriends, the way she was living, the way she related to her mother, and various other things she felt she needed to ___65___. It wasn’t until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became ___66___ her habit of finding fault. Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to ___67___ everything so harshly(刻薄). She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her ___68___ as well.Perhaps most of us aren’t as extreme at fault-finding, ___69___ when we’re honest, we can be sharply___70___ of the world. I’m not suggesting you ___71___ problems, or that you pretend things are ___72___ than they are, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are — ___73___ most of the time, and especially when it’s not a really big ___74___.Train yourself to ＂bite your tongue＂, and with a little ___75___, you’ll get really good at letting things go. And when you do, you’ll get back your enthusiasm and love for life.56. A. lonely B. great C. quiet D. uneasy57. A. received B. answered C. expected D. rejected58. A. threatened B. interrupted C. bothered D. spoiled59. A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing60. A. caring B. boring C. interesting D. surprising61. A. attitude B. plan C. measure D. explanation62. A. urgent B. unnecessary C. certain D. impossible63. A. occasion B. event C. accident D. adventure64. A. memory B. notice C. evidence D. choice65. A. hear B. contribute C. express D. admit66. A. aware of B. afraid of C. curious about D. confused about67. A. discuss B. realize C. judge D. settle68. A. family B. life C. career D. education69. A. so B. or C. but D. for70. A. proud B. sure C. hopeful D. critical71. A. face B. create C. solve D. ignore72. A. rarer B. better C. stranger D. worse73. A. at least B. at last C. by far D. so far74. A. task B. deal C. result D. duty75. A. practice B. speech C. rest D. pity5＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂A, B, C, D＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂＂As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this ________at work in people of all _________. For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about _______with their new toys. But their ________soon wear off and by January those_________toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of_________stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone’s _________interest. When parents bring home a pet, theirchild________bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the_______of caring the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescent enter high school with great_______but soon looking forward to________. The same is true of the young adults going to the college. And then, how many_________, who complain about the long drives to work, _________drove for hours at a time when they first_________ their drivers licenses? Before people retire, they usually _______to do a lot of_____things, which never had _____while working. But________after retirement, the golfing, the fishing , the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they _______. And, like the child in January, they go searching for new_________.76. A. principle B. habit C. way D. power77. A. parties B. races C. countries D. ages78. A. working B. living C. playing D. going79. A. confidence B. interest C. anxiety D. sorrow80. A. same B. extra C. funny D. expensive81. A. well-organized B. colorfully-printed C. newly-collected D. half-filled82. A. broad B. passing C. different D. main83 A. silently B. impatiently C. gladly D. worriedly84. A. promise B. burden C. right D. game85. A. courage B. calmness C. confusion D. excitement86. A. graduation B. independence C. responsibility D. success87. A. children B. students C. adults D. retirees88. A. carefully B. eagerly C. nervously D. bravely89. A. required B. obtained C. noticed D. discovered90. A. need B. learn C. start D. plan91. A. great B. strange C. difficult D. correct92. A. time B. money C. skills D. knowledge93. A. only B. well C. even D. soon94. A. lost B. choose C. left D. quit95. A. pets B. toys C. friends D. colleagues6.完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
