当前位置：文档之家 › 定语从句讲义11

定语从句讲义11

  • 格式：doc
  • 大小：29.50 KB
  • 文档页数：2

定语从句

各位同学下午好。欢迎来到覃老师的语法课堂。一起来打各种语法小怪兽。

今天我们要攻克的小怪兽就是定语从句。如果说高考英语考试是一场赛车比赛的话。

定语从句就是一款无敌的润滑油，掌握好了就会让你加足马力。更快地赢得比赛。

今天覃老师就带领大家一起来学习关系代词引导的限定性定语从句。

首先什么是定语从句？

官方的解释是：一个简单句跟在一个名词或者代词后面，起修饰限定的作用。

什么意思？

举个例子来解释。

Shenzhen is a beautiful city.

Shenzhen is a beautiful city which has good air quality.

深圳是个美丽的城市。

深圳是一个空气好的美丽城市。

空气好的。。。需要用一个句子来表达了。

这个时候空气好的，就是定语从句了。

定语从句的构成。

City是被修饰的词。名字叫做先行词。

Which是叫关系代词，代替先行词在从句中做成分。

关系代词用哪个？1. 取决于先行词是指物还是指人以及在从句中所做的成分。

Which 先行词指物，在从句中可做成分：主语和宾语。

Shenzhen is a beautiful city which I love with my heart.

who关系代词，先行词指人，在从句中所做的成分：主语和宾语。

举个例子：

I have a friend who works in Shenzhen.

She is a friend who I work with in Shenzhen.

Whom 关系代词 ，先行词指人，在从句中所做的成分：宾语

She is a friend with whom I work in Shenzhen.

Whose关系代词，

先行词是人和物，在从句中所做的成分：定语。

指人：who的所有格。

We like the teacher whose English class is interesting.

人的名词所有格：the teacher’s

指物：we like the restaurant whose fish dish is very delicious.

the fish dish of the restaurant=of which

That 关系代词。先行词是人和物都可以。

在从句中所做的成分：主语和宾语。

限定性定语从句中的关系代词

先行词 作主语 作宾语 作定语

指人 who/that whom/that(可省略) whose 指物 which/that which/that(可省略) whose

指人和物 that that whose

问题来了：用哪个关系代词？

1. 找准先行词。

2. 判断先行词是指人还是指物

3. 把先行词带入定语从句中，判断先行词在从句中所做的成分。

4. 做出选择。

E.g

1.

We'll reach the sales targets in a month ________ we set at the beginning of the

year

2.

A company ______profits from home markets are declining may seek

opportunities abroad.

指人的时候是不是全是who 和that 替换啊，指物的时候，和which替换啊。

只能用that的情况：

先行词为everything，all，little，much等不定代词时；

I love everything that is about Shenzhen.

先行词被all，every，no，any，some，little，much，one修饰时；

She bought some flowers which smelled so good.

先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last修饰时；

Pride and Prejudice is the only book that I have read for three times.

先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时；

Shenzhen is the most dynamic city that I have seen in China.

先行词有人又有物时；

The picture reminds me of the people and the things that I have experienced in

Scotland.

E.g

Please send us all the information _________ you have about the candidate for the

position.

E.g

Beijing is the place _____I visited.

Beijing is the place_____I was born.

Our secretary, ___ is a German, is a very professional person.

合集下载

英语定语从句用法总结(完整)(11)

英语定语从句用法总结(完整)(11)

一、选择题

1．The old collector always prefers art works ________ describe the everyday life of common

people.

A．who B．whose C．where D．which

2．—Are you interested in the talk show The Reader on CCTV?

—Sure. It's a great TV program ________ brings the habit of reading back into the public.

A．that B．what C．who D．whom

3．I will never forget the people and the things_______ I saw on the Great Wall.

A．who B．which C．whom D．that

4．—Can I help you, sir?

—I want a new book was written by Cao Wenxuan.

A．what B．where C．which D．who

5．---How much do you know about John Nash?

----Just a little. He is a Nobel Prize –winning scientist ____ was killed in a car crash yesterday.

A．which B．what C．who D．whom

6．Some interesting TV shows lots of famous stars performed attracted lots of young

people.

A．on which B．that C．which D．in which

《定语从句》 讲义

《定语从句》 讲义

《定语从句》 讲义

一、定语从句的定义和作用

定语从句是一种在英语中非常常见且重要的语法结构。它在句子中充当定语，用来修饰一个名词或代词，使其含义更加明确和丰富。

简单来说，定语从句就是一个句子，放在被修饰的名词或代词后面，起到描述和限定的作用。通过定语从句，我们能够更详细、更准确地表达我们想要表达的意思。

比如，“The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting”（我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。）在这个句子中，“that I bought yesterday”就是一个定语从句，用来修饰先行词“the book”，让我们清楚知道是哪一本书有趣。

二、定语从句的构成

定语从句通常由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。

常见的关系代词有：that、which、who、whom、whose。

常见的关系副词有：when、where、why。

关系词在定语从句中不仅起到引导的作用，还在从句中充当一定的成分。 例如，在“The man who is standing there is my teacher”这个句子中，“who”是关系代词，在从句“who is standing there”中作主语。

三、关系代词的用法

1、 that 和 which

that 和 which 都可以用来指代物，但在一些情况下，只能用 that 不能用 which。

当先行词是不定代词（如 all、anything、nothing 等）、先行词被最高级、序数词修饰、先行词既有人又有物时，通常用 that 而不用 which。

例如：All that glitters is not gold（发光的未必都是金子。）

This is the first book that I have read（这是我读过的第一本书。）

The man and the horse that fell into the river were drowned（掉进河里的人和马都淹死了。）

定语从句讲义(个人精心整理)

定语从句讲义(个人精心整理)

1 一．定语从句定义及相关术语

1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的

先行词之后。

2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。

3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；

关系副词有when, where, why等。

关系词通常有下列三个作用：A.引导定语从句B.代替先行词,C.在定语从句中担当一个成分

二．关系代词表格

关系词 先行词 从句成分 例句

关系代词 who 人 主语，宾语 Do you know the man who is talking with your

mother?

whom 人 宾语 The boy (whom) she loved died in the war.

Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working

whose 人，物 定语 I like those books whose topics are about history.

The boy whose father works abroad is my

classmate.

that 人，物 主语，宾语

表语 A plane is a machine that can fly.

She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.

She is not the person that she used to be

which 物 主语，宾语 The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.

The picture which was about the accident was

terrible.

届人大附中高中英语新高考语法一轮复习讲义(11)than,as和but作关系代词用法知识点总结整理

届人大附中高中英语新高考语法一轮复习讲义(11)than,as和but作关系代词用法知识点总结整理

2021届人大附中高中英语新高考语法一轮复习讲义（11）than，as和but作关系代词用法知识点总结整理

than, as, but作准关系代词的用法

关系代词通常是用来引导定语从句的，than, as和but除了做基本连词外还可以作准关系代词，但是与which，who,that等关系代词不同，than, as和but引导的定语从句与典型的定语从句不太相像，因此称它们为准关系代词。

Than,as,but作准关系代词条件是：前面必须有先行词（名词）

例：

I have more money than you do (我比你有钱)

He has as much money as I do （他和我的钱一样多）

There is nothing but he knows（没有什么他不知道的）

我们分别进行详细说明：

1. Than 作准关系代词的用法

Than 之前若有名词，则than = than + the + 前面的名词 +

关系代词（who, whom, which）,因此可以将than 视为关系代词。Than 作准关系代词通常出现在more …than,less…than,

fewer…than等结构中，且在从句中可以充当主语，宾语和be动词后得表语。

例1. I have more money than is needed.（than作从句的主语） = I have more money than the money which is needed

（我现有的钱比所需要的多）

例2. I have more money than he needs（than作从句的宾语）

I have more money than the money which he needs

（我现有的钱比他所需要的多）

例3. heis a better student than you（ are ）.(than 作从句的表语)