Klf10 is upregulated by NGF and attenuates cell cycle progression in the cell line PC12

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Tieg1/Klf10isUpregulatedbyNGFand

AttenuatesCellCycleProgressioninthe

PheochromocytomaCellLinePC12

GabrieleSpittau,1,2NicoleHappel,3MaikBehrendt,2T.IvoChao,2

KerstinKrieglstein,1,2andBjo¨rnSpittau1,2*

1DepartmentofMolecularEmbryology,InstituteofAnatomy&CellBiology,UniversityofFreiburg,Freiburg,Germany2DepartmentofNeuroanatomy,CenterofAnatomy,UniversityofGo¨ttingen,Go¨ttingen,Germany3InstituteofBiochemistryandMolecularCellBiology,UniversityofGo¨ttingen,Go¨ttingen,Germany

ThetranscriptionfactorTieg1/Klf10belongstoafamily

ofSp1/Klfproteinsthathavebeenshowntoplayimpor-

tantrolesduringdevelopmentandmaintenanceofvari-

oustissuesandcelltypes.UpregulationofTieg1/Klf10

hasbeenreportedforTGF-b,BMP2,BMP4,ActivinA

andGDNFasmembersoftheTGF-bsuperfamily.More-

over,estrogen,thecytostaticdrugshomoharringtonine

andvelcadeaswellasnitricoxidearealsoabletotrig-

gerTieg1/Klf10transcription.Recentstudiessuggesta

roleformembersoftheneurotrophinfamilyinregulating

Tieg1/Klf10transcriptionalupregulation.Usingsemi-

quantitativeRT-PCRandimmunoblotting,wepresent

datadescribingthatnervegrowthfactor(NGF)regulates

theexpressionofTieg1/Klf10inthepheochromocytoma

celllinePC12inaTrkA-dependentmanner.Moreover,

weprovideevidencefortheexistenceofNGF-respon-

siveelementsinthe50-regulatoryregionofTieg1/Klf10

thatcontainbindingsitesforthetranscriptionfactors

Sp1andCREB.AftertreatmentwithNGFPC12cells

exitthecellcycleandstarttodifferentiatetowardsa

neuron-likephenotypeindicatedbyneuriteoutgrowth.

Usingflowcytometryanddifferentiationassayswedem-

onstratethatTieg1/Klf10reducescellcycleprogression

inPC12cellsbutfailstopromotetheirterminaldifferen-

tiation.Together,ourresultsidentifyTieg1/Klf10asa

newNGFtargetgeneandsubstantiateitsanti-prolifera-

tivefunctionintheNGFsignalingpathwayinPC12

cells.VC2010Wiley-Liss,Inc.

Keywords:NGF;cellcycle;Tieg1/Klf10;PC12;

differentiation

TIEG1/KLF10wasoriginallyisolatedasanearly

responsegenethatisrapidlyupregulatedaftertreatment

ofhumanosteoblastcellswithTransformingGrowth

Factorbeta1(TGF-b1)(Subramaniametal.,1995).

Cooketal.(1998)identifiedTIEG2/KLF11which

shares91%homologywithTIEG1/KLF10withinthe

zincfingerregionand44%homologyintheN-terminal

region.Additionally,Tieg1/Klf10

and

Tieg3/Klf11

have

beencharacterizedasmurineisoforms(Yajimaetal.,1997;Wangetal.,2004).AllTiegproteinssharea

highlyconservedC2H2zincfingerDNAbindingdo-

mainattheC-terminalend(ChrismanandTindall,

2003;Wangetal.,2004)andthreerepressiondomains

attheN-terminalend,thelatterconsistentlyreferredto

asR1,R2andR3(Cooketal.,1999;Wangetal.,

2004).Thesestructuralandfunctionalfeaturesdefine

themasanindependentsubfamilyofSp1/Klftranscrip-

tionfactors(Kaczynskietal.,2003).Likethefounding

memberSp1,Tiegproteinsbindtocis-regulatoryGC-

richpromotersequences(Cooketal.,1998;Johnsen

etal.,2002)andareabletoactastranscriptionalrepress-

ors(Yajimaetal.,1997;Cooketal.,1998;Gohlaetal.,

2008)aswellasactivators(Ouetal.,2004;Notietal.,

2004).AlthoughoriginallyintroducedasTGF-b-induci-

bleearlygenes,thetranscriptionalupregulationofTieg-

encodinggeneshasbeendescribedforavarietyof

factorsandtreatmentparadigms.Forinstance,Tieg1/

Klf10upregulationhasbeenreportedforBMP2,BMP4

(Hefferanetal.,2000;Alvares-Rodriguezetal.,2007),

ActivinA(Hefferanetal.,2000)andGDNF(Yajima

etal.,1997)asmembersoftheTGF-bsuperfamily.

Moreover,estrogen(Tauetal.,1998),thecytostatic

drugshomoharringtonineandvelcade(Jinetal.,2007)

aswellasnitricoxide(Mitsumotoetal.,2003)have

beenshowntoactivatethetranscriptionofTieg1/Klf10.

Recently,Wahabetal.(2005)reportedontheTrkA-

dependentupregulationofTieg1/Klf10aftertreatment

ofmesangialcellswithCTGF.Thisfindingtogether

withstudiesshowingBDNF-mediatedTieg1/Klf10

Contractgrantsponsor:DeutscheForschungsgemeinschaft;Contractgrantnumber:Kr1477/11-2.

*Correspondenceto:Dr.Bjo¨rnSpittau,DepartmentofMolecularEm-bryology,InstituteofAnatomyandCellBiology,UniversityofFreiburg,Albertstrabe17,79104Freiburg,Germany.E-mail:bjoern.spittau@anat.uni-freiburg.de

Received20July2009;Revised16November2009;Accepted3December2009

Publishedonline12February2010inWileyInterScience(www.interscience.wiley.com).DOI:10.1002/jnr.22364JournalofNeuroscienceResearch88:2017–2025(2010)

'2010Wiley-Liss,Inc.顺式调控

系膜

亚型induction(Wibrandetal.,2006)giverisetotheconclu-

sionthatTieg1/Klf10mightbeatargetgeneofneuro-

trophins.Indeed,averyrecentlyreportbyDijkmansand

colleagues(2008)identifiedTieg1/Klf10asanNGF-re-

sponsiveimmediate-earlygeneinPC12cells.Neurotro-

phinssignalviatyrosinekinasereceptorsTrkA,TrkBor

TrkCorthelowaffinityreceptorp75NTR(Chao,2003).

UponligandbindingTrksformhomodimersand

undergoautophosphorylation.Thisreceptorautophos-

phorylationresultsinactivationofseveraldifferentsig-

nalingpathways,involvingsmallG-proteins,mitogen