Klf10 is upregulated by NGF and attenuates cell cycle progression in the cell line PC12
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Tieg1/Klf10isUpregulatedbyNGFand
AttenuatesCellCycleProgressioninthe
PheochromocytomaCellLinePC12
GabrieleSpittau,1,2NicoleHappel,3MaikBehrendt,2T.IvoChao,2
KerstinKrieglstein,1,2andBjo¨rnSpittau1,2*
1DepartmentofMolecularEmbryology,InstituteofAnatomy&CellBiology,UniversityofFreiburg,Freiburg,Germany2DepartmentofNeuroanatomy,CenterofAnatomy,UniversityofGo¨ttingen,Go¨ttingen,Germany3InstituteofBiochemistryandMolecularCellBiology,UniversityofGo¨ttingen,Go¨ttingen,Germany
ThetranscriptionfactorTieg1/Klf10belongstoafamily
ofSp1/Klfproteinsthathavebeenshowntoplayimpor-
tantrolesduringdevelopmentandmaintenanceofvari-
oustissuesandcelltypes.UpregulationofTieg1/Klf10
hasbeenreportedforTGF-b,BMP2,BMP4,ActivinA
andGDNFasmembersoftheTGF-bsuperfamily.More-
over,estrogen,thecytostaticdrugshomoharringtonine
andvelcadeaswellasnitricoxidearealsoabletotrig-
gerTieg1/Klf10transcription.Recentstudiessuggesta
roleformembersoftheneurotrophinfamilyinregulating
Tieg1/Klf10transcriptionalupregulation.Usingsemi-
quantitativeRT-PCRandimmunoblotting,wepresent
datadescribingthatnervegrowthfactor(NGF)regulates
theexpressionofTieg1/Klf10inthepheochromocytoma
celllinePC12inaTrkA-dependentmanner.Moreover,
weprovideevidencefortheexistenceofNGF-respon-
siveelementsinthe50-regulatoryregionofTieg1/Klf10
thatcontainbindingsitesforthetranscriptionfactors
Sp1andCREB.AftertreatmentwithNGFPC12cells
exitthecellcycleandstarttodifferentiatetowardsa
neuron-likephenotypeindicatedbyneuriteoutgrowth.
Usingflowcytometryanddifferentiationassayswedem-
onstratethatTieg1/Klf10reducescellcycleprogression
inPC12cellsbutfailstopromotetheirterminaldifferen-
tiation.Together,ourresultsidentifyTieg1/Klf10asa
newNGFtargetgeneandsubstantiateitsanti-prolifera-
tivefunctionintheNGFsignalingpathwayinPC12
cells.VC2010Wiley-Liss,Inc.
Keywords:NGF;cellcycle;Tieg1/Klf10;PC12;
differentiation
TIEG1/KLF10wasoriginallyisolatedasanearly
responsegenethatisrapidlyupregulatedaftertreatment
ofhumanosteoblastcellswithTransformingGrowth
Factorbeta1(TGF-b1)(Subramaniametal.,1995).
Cooketal.(1998)identifiedTIEG2/KLF11which
shares91%homologywithTIEG1/KLF10withinthe
zincfingerregionand44%homologyintheN-terminal
region.Additionally,Tieg1/Klf10
and
Tieg3/Klf11
have
beencharacterizedasmurineisoforms(Yajimaetal.,1997;Wangetal.,2004).AllTiegproteinssharea
highlyconservedC2H2zincfingerDNAbindingdo-
mainattheC-terminalend(ChrismanandTindall,
2003;Wangetal.,2004)andthreerepressiondomains
attheN-terminalend,thelatterconsistentlyreferredto
asR1,R2andR3(Cooketal.,1999;Wangetal.,
2004).Thesestructuralandfunctionalfeaturesdefine
themasanindependentsubfamilyofSp1/Klftranscrip-
tionfactors(Kaczynskietal.,2003).Likethefounding
memberSp1,Tiegproteinsbindtocis-regulatoryGC-
richpromotersequences(Cooketal.,1998;Johnsen
etal.,2002)andareabletoactastranscriptionalrepress-
ors(Yajimaetal.,1997;Cooketal.,1998;Gohlaetal.,
2008)aswellasactivators(Ouetal.,2004;Notietal.,
2004).AlthoughoriginallyintroducedasTGF-b-induci-
bleearlygenes,thetranscriptionalupregulationofTieg-
encodinggeneshasbeendescribedforavarietyof
factorsandtreatmentparadigms.Forinstance,Tieg1/
Klf10upregulationhasbeenreportedforBMP2,BMP4
(Hefferanetal.,2000;Alvares-Rodriguezetal.,2007),
ActivinA(Hefferanetal.,2000)andGDNF(Yajima
etal.,1997)asmembersoftheTGF-bsuperfamily.
Moreover,estrogen(Tauetal.,1998),thecytostatic
drugshomoharringtonineandvelcade(Jinetal.,2007)
aswellasnitricoxide(Mitsumotoetal.,2003)have
beenshowntoactivatethetranscriptionofTieg1/Klf10.
Recently,Wahabetal.(2005)reportedontheTrkA-
dependentupregulationofTieg1/Klf10aftertreatment
ofmesangialcellswithCTGF.Thisfindingtogether
withstudiesshowingBDNF-mediatedTieg1/Klf10
Contractgrantsponsor:DeutscheForschungsgemeinschaft;Contractgrantnumber:Kr1477/11-2.
*Correspondenceto:Dr.Bjo¨rnSpittau,DepartmentofMolecularEm-bryology,InstituteofAnatomyandCellBiology,UniversityofFreiburg,Albertstrabe17,79104Freiburg,Germany.E-mail:bjoern.spittau@anat.uni-freiburg.de
Received20July2009;Revised16November2009;Accepted3December2009
Publishedonline12February2010inWileyInterScience(www.interscience.wiley.com).DOI:10.1002/jnr.22364JournalofNeuroscienceResearch88:2017–2025(2010)
'2010Wiley-Liss,Inc.顺式调控
系膜
亚型induction(Wibrandetal.,2006)giverisetotheconclu-
sionthatTieg1/Klf10mightbeatargetgeneofneuro-
trophins.Indeed,averyrecentlyreportbyDijkmansand
colleagues(2008)identifiedTieg1/Klf10asanNGF-re-
sponsiveimmediate-earlygeneinPC12cells.Neurotro-
phinssignalviatyrosinekinasereceptorsTrkA,TrkBor
TrkCorthelowaffinityreceptorp75NTR(Chao,2003).
UponligandbindingTrksformhomodimersand
undergoautophosphorylation.Thisreceptorautophos-
phorylationresultsinactivationofseveraldifferentsig-
nalingpathways,involvingsmallG-proteins,mitogen