航海英语甲类真题

第二部分[001] A stabilogauge is a calculator used to ____①Measure GM. ②Measure initial stability.A．①only B. ②onlyC. Both ①and ②D. Neither ①and ②[002]A towing vessel pushing a barge ahead and rigidly connected in a composite unit shall show the light of _____A. a vessel towing by pushing aheadB. a power-driven vessel, not towingC. a barge being pushed aheadD. either answer A or answer B[003]If a ship will call at four ports for discharging, I, e, A, B, C and D consecutively, the cargo for ____must generally be loaded first.A. Port AB. Port BC. Port CD. Port D[004]In determining a safe speed_____ shall be taken into your consideration.A. the state of wind ,sea and currentB. the traffic densityC. the presence of the background light at nightD. A+B+C[005] ADVISE YOU MAKE COURSE 036 means that you should________.A. alter your course of 036B. keep your present course of 036C. charge your course to 036D. change your course by 036[006]A bad separation makes the cargo ____ at its destination.A. easier to dischargeB. more difficult to dischargeC. easer to loadD. more difficult to load[007]A man aboard a vessel, signaling by raising and lowering his outstretched arms to each side, is indicating____.A . danger, stay away B. all is clear, it is safe to passC. the vessel is anchoredD. a distress signal[008]A vessel which is fishing is required to show sidelights and a stern-light only when ______A. anchoredB. underwayC. dead in the waterD. underway and making way[009]A vessel will NOT show sidelights when_______A. underway but not making wayB. making way ,not under commandC. not under command, not making wayD. trolling underway[010]A weather map is a synoptic data because it_______A. summarizes a great deal of informationB. can be interpreted accuratelyC . appears dailyD. is prepared by the Weather Bureau[011]Admiralty Charts are published in ______A. U.S.AB. ChinaC.U.KD. Japan[012]All the expenses are _____the ship’s account.A. ofB. forC. toD. at[013]At sea, we can use __to fix the ship’s position.A. VHFB. Steering GearC. Rudder IndicatorD. Loran[014] It is very kind ______ you to help us.A. Of.B. For.C. To.D. At.[015] My ship ______ that port next month．A. calls atB. has called atC. call atD. will call at[016] Speed must regulated ______ no damage is done to the wharf.A. In order.B. So as.C. So that.D. Such that[017]The Certificate of pratique shall only have effect in _____A. all ports of the issuing countryB. all ports of the worldC. all ports other than a issuing countryD. all ports of ship’s arrival[018]The ship is equipped with {DF}A. discharging facilitiesB. direction finderC. log indicatorD. a kind of radar[019]The ship’s draught forward is same as her draught aft. This condition is named as_____A. even keelB. even trimC. even draughtD. even float[020]同上[021]The vessel ahead ____you is stopped.A. beforeB. fromC. ofD. away[022]We have finished _____and are ready for sailing.A. loadB. loadingC. will loadD. to load[023]What does the abbreviation SWL stand for? ______A. signal wave lettersB. ship without lightC. safe water lineD. safe working load[024]What weather forecast can do is to give a statement of expected condition in_______A. every areaB. a certain areaC. some areasD. many areas[025]When two vessels are in immediate danger of collision, the stand-on vessel must_____A. abandon shipB. assist in taking whatever action is necessary to avoid collisionC. hold course and speedD. sound a distress signal[026]You are in restricted visibility and hear a fog signal forward of the beam. Nothing appears on your radar screen. You must _____A. stop your enginesB. sound two prolonged blasts of the whistleC. sound the danger signalD. slow to bare steerageway[027]Your vessel is approaching a bend. You hear a prolonged blast from around the bend. You should _____A. back your enginesB. stop your engines and driftC. answer with one prolonged blastD. sound the danger signal[028]Every vessel shall at all times proceed at a safe speed so that she can____A. take proper and effective action to avoid collisionB. be stopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions.C. neither A and BD. both A nor B[029]Forward station, single up forward ______ head line and spring.A. inB. onC. toD. by[030]The though cargo in No.4 hatch square stands ____the way.A. atB. inC. onD. by[031]What is the position of vessel ____distress?A. onB. atC. inD. by[032]A vessel using a traffic separation scheme is forbidden to_____A. proceed through an inappropriate traffic laneB. engaged in fishing in the separation zoneC. cross a traffic laneD. enter the separation zone, even in an emergency[033]All of the following are distress signal EXPECT________A. the continuous sounding of any fog signal apparatusB. giving five or more short and rapid blasts of the whistleC. firing a gun at interval of about a minuteD. a barrel with burning oil in it, on deck[034]Gale warnings are usually issued when winds of ____8-9 are expected.A. wind SpeedB. Air ForceC. wind VelocityD. Beaufort Force[035]Goods stowed in containers _____without notice.A. shall be carried on deckB. shall be carried under deckC. may be carried on or under deckD. may not be carried on or under deck[036]In order to obtain early warning of risk of collision, proper use of radar equipment is necessary, including_____A. long-range scanningB. radar plottingC. equivalent systematic observation of detected objectD. all A, B and C[037]MAYDAY is to be used to announce______A. a distress messageB. an urgency messageC. a safety messageD. a massage of SMCP[038]My Captain is trying to ____ the pilot station before the ebb tide.A. steamB. proceedC. approachD. reach[039]The principal purpose of adjustment of the magnetic compass is to eliminate_____ as far as possible.A variationB. compass errorC. deviationD. earth’s magnetic force[040]The tweendecker has _____below the main deck.A. another deckB. two other deckC. no deckD. additional deck[041]The well preparation of stowage plan will______A. increase the ship’s officers’ knowledgeB. extend the ship’s officers’ knowledgeC. improve the ship’s cargo-handling equipmentD. raise the working efficiency[042] A vessel nearing a bend or an area of a narrow channel or fairway where other vessels may be obscured by an intervening obstruction shall navigate with particular alertness and caution and shall ______.A. Take action to permit safe overtaking.B. Sound the appropriate signal.C. Slacken her speed.D. Increase her speed.[043] A vessel or seaplane on the water is considered to be underway when ______.A. She is at anchor.B. She is made fast to shoreC. She is aground.D. Her anchor ceases to hold.[044] A vessel proceeding along the course of a narrow channel of fairway shall keep as near to the ______ limit of the channel or fairway, which lies on her_______ side as, is safe and practicable.A. Inner, port.B. Inner, starboard.C. Outer, port.D. Outer, starboard.[045] A vessel the passage of which is not to be impeded ______ to comply with this Rule when the two vessels are approaching one another so as to involve risk of collision．A. remains fully obligedB. has no obligationC. is not necessarilyD. is exempted．[046] Every vessel shall reduce her speed to the minimum at which she can be kept on her course when hearing apparently ______ the fog signal of another vessel.A. Afterward of her beam.B. Forward of her beam.C. Abeam on port.D. Abeam on starboard.[047] Forecastle deck is located in the ship’s ______.A. Bow stem.B. Stern.C. Portside.D. Starboard side.[048] If it becomes necessary for a stand-on vessel to take action to avoid collision，she shall NOT，if possible，______.A. decrease speedB. increase speedC. turn to port for a vessel on her own port sideD. turn to starboard for a vessel on her own port side[049] In determining if risk of collision exists，if there is any doubt，such risk shall be deemed to ______.A. existB. existsC. existingD. to be existed．[050] The side of a ship which is farther from the winds is ______.A. fairway sideB. open sea sideC. lee sideD. roadstead side[051] The transportation of dangerous cargo in packages is governed by ______.A. IBC code.B. BC code.C. IMDC code.D. IGC code.[052] There is a possibility that small vessel，ice and other floating objects may not be ______ by radar at an adequate range．A. reflectB. shownC. detectedD. defected．[053] Traffic separation schemes may be ______ by the organization for the purpose of these rules.A. Adopted.B. Adapted.C. Adjusted.D. Admitted.[054] Vessels shall be deemed to be in sight of one another only when one ______ from the other．A. can be observed visuallyB. can be observed by radarC. can be located on the radarD. can be heard．[055] We've changed our ______ not to start loading this evening．A. heartB. heartsC. mindD. minds[056] When you doubt the existence of risk of collision, ______A. Such risk shall be deemed to exist.B. Such risk shall not deem to exist.C. You needn’t take any action to avoid collision with any vessel.D. You should accelerate your speed ahead.[057] Where one of two vessels is to keep out of the way the other ______.A. Shall not keep her course but shall keep her speed.B. Shall not keep her course and speedC. Shall keep her course but change her speed.D. Shall keep her course and speed.[058] While steaming slowly in the harbor，no ship is ______ to exceed the speed limited．A. assumedB. appreciatedC. promisedD. permitted．[059] A continuous sounding of a fog-signal apparatus indicates ______.A. the vessel is in distressB. the vessel has completed loading dangerous cargoC. it is safe to passD. the vessel is anchored[060] A vessel fitted with twin screws is easier in ______ than a vessel with single screw．A. turning maneuverB. course settingC. position fixingD. regulating speed[061] A vessel is being propelled both by sail and by engines. Under the rules, the vessel is ______.A. A special circumstance vessel.B. Not covered under any category.C. A sailing vessel.D. A power-driven vessel.[062] A vessel proceeding along the course of a narrow channel shall keep as near to the outer limit of the channel which lies on her starboard side as it is safe and practicable．Which one of the followings does the statement express？______.A. A vessel shall proceed near the other vessel on her starboard side on the narrow channel since it is safeand practicable．B. A vessel shall avoid proceeding near the starboard outer limit of a narrow channel as long as it is safeand practicable．C. A vessel shall avoid proceeding along the channel because it is not safe and practicable．D. A vessel shall proceed near the starboard outer limit of a narrow channel to the degree in which it issafe and practicable．[063] A vessel shall be deemed to be overtaking when she can see at night ______.A. only the sternlight of the vesselB. a sidelight and one masthead light of the vesselC. only a sidelight of the vesselD. any lights except the masthead lights of the vessel[064] A vessel shall not ______.A. enter the traffic separation zone in an emergency．B. cross a traffic lane．C. engage in fishing in the separation zone．D. proceed in an inappropriate traffic lane．[065] A vessel using a traffic separation scheme shall normally join or leaving a traffic lane at the ______ of the lane.A. Ended.B. Terminative.C. Termination.D. Side.[066] ]A vessel when joining or leaving from the side of a traffic separation scheme shall do so at as ______ to the general direction of traffic flow as practicable．A. small an angleB. large an angleC. either small or large an angleD. neither small nor large an angle．[067]Advise you _____engines.A. stopB. to stop C . stopping D. stopped[068] All the holds which are to take cereals in bags must be so cleaned that they meet the requirements of the ______.A. Local agent.B. Cargo surveyor.C. Accident investigator.D. General average adjuster.[069] All the rubber bales were separated ______.A. By grade.B. By a grade.C. By the grade.D. By the grades.[070] As to the torn bags, I’ll tell the shipper to ______ them up.A. Resew.B. Rejoin.C. Re-nail.D. Re-solder.[071] Because of ______, no separation is needed for the cargoes destined for New York.A. Their different packing.B. Their same nature.C. Their different destinations.D. Their different nature.[072] Each lifebuoy shall be marked in block capitals of the Roman alphabet with ______ of the ship．A. the call sign and nameB. the official number and nameC. the port of registry and nameD. the port of registry and official number[073] Fire is under control，and ______.A. lifeboat is no longer neededB. lifeboat is needed badlyC. lifeboat is needed not moreD. lifeboat is urgently needed[074] Freight rates are mostly charged ______.A. By the weight (tons) of cargo.B. By the capacity (tons) of vessel.C. By DW of the vessel.D. By the draft of the vessel.[075] I will wait for Utopia ______ before getting underway．A. clearB. to clearC. clearingD. cleared[076] If it ______ fine tomorrow，we shall start unloading．A. to beB. isC. will beD. has been[077] If the ship is alongside the wharf，what kind of ______ is used？A. pilot ladderB. rope ladderC. rod ladderD. accommodation ladder[078] If the weights are moved away from the amidships section, ______ will happen on board.A. Hogging.B. Sagging.C. Stiff.D. Tender.[079] If there is sufficient sea room，alteration of ______ may be the most effective action to avoid close-quarters situation．A. speed and courseB. speed aloneC. course aloneD. speed or course．[080] If you had started loading earlier, you ______ loading now.A. Would finish.B. Will have finished.C. Would have finished.D. Will be finish.[081] In a crossing situation, the stand-on vessel should normally ______.A. Take action to cross ahead of the other vesselB. Take action to pass astern of the other vessel.C. Maintain course and speed.D. Change course and increase speed.[082] In a crossing situation，the stand-on vessel should normally ______.A. take action to cross ahead of the other vesselB. take action to pass astern of the other vesselC. maintain course and speedD. change course and increase speed[083] In determining a safe speed ________ shall not be among those taken into account.A. The characteristics, efficiency and limitation of the radar equipment.B. Any constraints imposed by the radar range scale in use.C. The effect on radar detection of the sea state, weather and other sources of interference.D. The safe working load of the cranes both on board and ashore.[084] In determining safe speed, all of the following must be taken into account except the ______.A. Maximum horsepower of your vessel.B. Presence of background lights at night.C. Draft of your vessel.D. Manoeuvrability of your vessel.[085] It is dangerous to ______ in present position.A. Remain.B. Remaining.C. Be remaining.D. Be remained.[086] It was demanded that the injured crewmembers ______ at once．A. was treatedB. would be treatedC. being treatedD. be treated[087] It’s ______ to stow optional cargo in the lower hold. You’d better give it block stowage in the tweendecks, and then it can be easily discharged either at Shanghai, or Dalian or Tianjin.A. Possible.B. Impossible.C. Proper.D. Improper.[088] It's all right to rig the pilot ladder on lee side ______.A. to allow port Authorities to boardB. allowing port Authorities to boardC. to allow port Authorities boardingD. allowing port Authorities to be boarded[089] It’s going to rain. Don’t forget ______ the hatches.A. Close.B. Closing.C. To close.D. Closed.[090] It’s requested that all ships are ______ the rules f or preventing collision at sea.A. To conform to.B. To draw up.C. To comply with.D. To determine[091] My vessel is healthy and I request free pratique. What does the sentence my vessel is healthy mean? It means ______.A. My ship has been maintained.B. My ship has been painted.C. All my crewmembers have been vaccinated.D. All my crewmembers have no quarantinable diseases.[092]No assumptions______ on the basis of scanty information，especially scanty radar information．A. should not be madeB. are not to be takenC. should be takenD. shall be made．[093] None of the ship’s papers ______.A. Has expired.B. Has been expired.C. Has expiring.D. Be expired.[094] Nothing in these rules shall _______ any vessel, or the owner, master or crew thereof, from the consequences of any precaution, which may be required by the ordinary practice of seaman, or by the special circumstances of the case.A. Exonerate.B. Exhaust.C. Exercise.D. Examine.[095] On my last voyage it ______ at the discharging port that some watches were pilfered.A. Happens.B. Has happened.C. Happened.D. Had happened.[096] On open waters，a power-driven vessel shall keep out of the way of a ______.A. vessel on her port side that is crossing her courseB. vessel that is overtaking herC. seaplane on the waterD. sailing vessel[097] Our ship ______ at the anchorage the day before yesterday.A. Arrives.B. Has arrived.C. Arrived.D. Will arrived.[098] Our ship ______ with many modern navigational instruments.A. Equipped.B. Is equipped.C. Equips.D. Has equipped.[099] Our ship is slow in going astern, Please ______.A. Be careful.B. Be kind enough.C. Be nice.D. Be looked after.[100] Please ______for my vessel.A. Make a lee.B. Take a lee.C. Get a lee.D. Have a lee.[101] Please have the damage to the gangway ______.A. Repair.B. To repair.C. Repairing.D. Repaired.[102] Port of registry refers to the port where ______.A. The ship has been named.B. The ship has been built.C. The ship has been signed.D. The ship has been registered.[103] Power-driven vessels must keep out of the way of sailing vessels except ______.A. in a crossing situationB. when they are making more speed than the power-driven vesselC. when the sailing vessel is overtakingD. on the Inland Waters of the United States[104] Shall we ______ wait at the roadstead till there is a free berth for us？A. mustB. ought toC. have toD. never[105] Ships are always ______ on water and they are easy to rust．A. floatB. floatingC. floatsD. floated[106] Ships’ masters are requested to ensure that during their call at this port, all discharging outlets are blocked.A. Blockaded.B. Opened.C. Closed.D. Enclosed.[107] Should that kind of weather ______，the two ships would touch each other．A. persistB. persistsC. to persistD. persisted[108] Take tug’s towing line to ______.A. Captain.B. Capstan.C. Capital.D. Carpenter.[109] The bill of lading is described as ______ if the ship owners agree that the cargoes were received on board in good condition.A. Clean.B. Dirty.C. Foul.D. Claused.[110] The check under ship owner’s organization made at the loading port is to avoid accepting cargo ______ upon receipt.A. In sufficient packing.B. In weak condition.C. In correct number.D. In good order.[111] The contents ______ to be short.A. Seem.B. Are seeming.C. Are seemed.D. Have been seemed.[112] The damaged derrick ______ now．A. has repairedB. is being repairedC. is repairedD. will be repaired[113]同上[114] The giving-way vessel has a same meaning of _______.A. Stand-on vessel.B. Privileged vessel.C. Burdened vessel.D. Hampered vessel.[115] The government of PR China ______ that the above-mentioned ship complies with the provisions of the regulations annexed to the Convention referred to above as regards radiotelegraphy and radar．A. certifiesB. confirmsC. containsD. construes[116] The lights required by the rules must be shown ______.A. From sunrise to sunset in restricted visibility.B. At all times.C. Only from sunset to sunrise.D. Whenever a lookout is posted.[117] The loading operation in hatch No.2.4.5 suspended and labors went ashore.A. Went dead.B. Discontinued for long period.C. Went ahead.D. Completed.[118] The locker will remain sealed as long as your ship is here.A. Be kept sealed.B. Be released from being sealed.C. Be kept signed.D. Be released from being signed.[119] The meaning of ebb tide is that ______.A. tide is falling from high water to low waterB. tide is rising from low water to high waterC. tide is reaching to a highest levelD. tide is reaching to a lowest level[120] The morning newspaper was ______ by the agent.A. Directed.B. Discharged.C. Derived.D. Delivered.[121] The necessity of the segregation of cargoes is determined by ______.A. Experience from practice.B. Various types of cargoes.D. Different type of ships. D. Personal abilities.[122] The pilot motor launches are ______ blue，with the PILOT in white．A. furnishedB. paintedC. preparedD. written[123] The pilot station ______ close west of the end of the breakwater.A. Is stayed.B. Is situated.C. Is placed.D. Is located.[124] The Routing System which aimed at reducing the risk of casualties is called as ______.A. Traffic Separation SchemesB. Recommended tracksC. Precautionary areasD. Inshore traffic zones[125] The rules state that vessels may depart from the rules when ______.A. There are other vessels in the vicinity.B. Operating in a traffic separation scheme.C. Engaged in a situation involving more than two vessels.D. Necessary to avoid immediate danger.[126] The shippers hope each mate’s receipt is to be signed right after ______.A. The cargo is loading.B. The cargo is discharged.C. The cargo is on board.D. The cargo is damaged.[127] The shipp ers hope each mate’s receipt is to be signed right after the cargo ______ is loaded.A. Related.B. Concerned.C. Relevant.D. Connected.[128] The term power-driven vessel means ______ in these Rules．A. any sailing vessel with propelling machineryB. any vessel propelled by machineryC. any sailing vessel with or without machinery for propellingD. any sailing vessel with propelling machinery not in use．[129] The term restricted visibility as used in the Rules refers ______.A. only to fogB. only to visibility of less than half a mileC. to any condition where visibility is restrictedD. to visibility where you cannot see shore[130] The two vessels underway may collide with ______, if they don’t take immediate measures.A. One to another.B. One the other.C. Each the other.D. Each other.[131] The vessel ______ there yesterday.A. Ground.B. Grounded.C. Grounding.D. Has grounded.[132] The VTS has been designed to aid in ______.A. the prevention of collisionB. the promotion of the traffic flowC. the complying of port regulationD. the development of navigational technique．[133] There is not ______ depth of water around the area centered at the lighthouse．A. ampleB. sufficientC. enormousD. incredible[134] They commenced loading at 1400 hours.A. Started.B. Finished.C. Completed.D. Reported. [135] Under International Rules ______.A. all vessels must carry an after range light．B. vessels less than 50 meters in length need not carry an after range light．C. vessels stopped dead in the water should turn off their range lights．D. vessels over 20 meters in length must carry both range lights from sunset to sunrise．[136] Vessel shall normally join or leave a traffic lane ______ of the lane．A. from right sideB. from left sideC. at the terminationD. from either side．[137] Vessels must not exceed a speed of 8 knots in this area.A. Sail at.B. Expect.C. Proceed at.D. Steam over.[138] Vessel's provisions refer to ______ of the vessel．A. fuel oilB. vegetables and foodC. spare parts on boardD. ballast water[139] What form should the master hand over to the customs officer at the port of arrival?A. Last port clearance.B. Declaration of crew’s baggage’s.C. Maritime declaration of health.D. List of bounded stores.[140] What speed can the ship make ______?A. At full speed of the propeller.B. At full load of the propeller.C. At maximum horsepower of the propeller.D. At maximum revolution of the propeller.[141] When the changing of a VHF channel/frequency is accepted, say ______.A. I am going to change to VHF channel.B. I am certainly going to change to VHF channel.C. Changing to VHF channel.D. VHF channel has been changed.[142] When there is not a chief officer on board, ______ should keep and write up the sh ip’s logbook.A. The assistance officer.B. The captain.C. The officer on duty.D. The third officer.[143] Which one of following rules is not regarding two power-driven vessels meeting end or nearly end on so as to involve risk of collision?A. Each shall keep her course and speed.B. Each shall alter her course to starboard.C. Each shall pass on the portside to the other.D. Each shall indicate such action by one short blast on the whistle.[144] Which one of two crossing power-driven vessels has the right of way in a fog?A. Both vessels.B. Neither vessel.C. The vessel on portside.D. The vessel on starboard side.[145] Which one of two crossing power-driven vessels has the right of way in a fog?A. Both vessels.B. Neither vessel.C. The stand-on vessel.D. The giving-way vessel.[146] Which vessel is, by definition, unable to keep out of the way of another vessel?A. Vessel engaged in fishing.B. Vessel not making way.C. Vessel sailing.D. Vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver.[147] ]Which vessel，when anchored at night，is NOT required to show anchor lights? ______.A. A power-driven vesselB. A vessel engaged on pilotage dutyC. A vessel dredgingD. A vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver[148] While ______, they met with storm weather.A. At sea.B. The ship was at sea.C. She was at sea.D. They were at sea.[149] You are advised to enter the traffic route at about 1730 hours，because a vessel is scheduled to enter at the time when you intended to enter．What can you understand from this seaspeak？______.A. It's a warning of navigation for my vessel．B. It's an advice from Port Control to order my vessel not enter the traffic route of the harbor．C. It's an advice to change my estimated time of entering the traffic route．D. It's an order from the VTS to indicate my vessel to follow the traffic route．[150] A vessel transferring cargo while underway is classified by the rules as a vessel ______.A. Restricted in her ability to maneuver.B. In special circumstances.C. Not under command.D. Constrained by her draft.[151] Midships refers to rudder to be held ______.A. in position to starboardB. in position to portC. in position to anywhereD. in position fore and aft[152] More exact assessment of visibility when ______ is used to determine the range of vessel or other objects in the vicinity．A. radarB. omegaC. satellite navigatorD. DF．[153] The ship has ______ of more than 10 meters at full load.A. An engine.B. An overall length.C. A displacement.D. A draft.[154] These weights are ______ the ship’s discharging facilities.A. Out.B. Beyond.C. From.D. Off.[155] What does SALT WATER DRAFT means？______.A. It means summer draft．B. It means Maximum draft．C. It means Fresh Water draft．D. It means Seawater Draft[156] A vessel ______ when underway shall so far as possible, keep out of the way of a vessel not under command.A. Having engaged in fishing.B. Engaging in fishing.C. Engaged in fish.D. Engaged in fishing.[157] A vessel engaged in ______ shall not impede the passage of any other vessel navigating within a narrow channel or fairway．A. mine clearance operation。

选择题参考答案1.明天早上6点以前备妥主机。

2.舵工收到命令右舵15度。

舵工应立即回答3.了望者离开他的岗位4.昨天晚上我在海员俱乐部地遇见水手长5.以下哪个文件不被检疫机构要求？6.事不必太认真7.当在无线电话上时数字9应怎么说？8.9.液化天然气船在123.32N, 10.13E处泄漏，不要从她的通过10.这个制度仅适用于那些在锚地抛锚等待进口的船舶11.船上一个由底层向上一直通到甲板的内部梯子的装置被称为12.灭油火的最好灭火器是13.导缆口是14.泡沫灭火通过15.为了使管道系统内部发生燃烧，如海上喷射系统中的气体收集头必须有16.火灾的对流蔓延由来完成17.你船迅速下沉。

一个装有可膨胀式救生筏的箱子连接在静水力释放装置上。

你应采取什么措施？18.在船舶管理中被要求的消防演习中，所有人员必须报告它们的位置和模拟指派给他们的任务完成的能力19.你应怎样指挥起货机手提升吊杆？20.去年我们已对起货机做了21.明天早晨下雨，装货22.自由液面的增加致使的上升23.对于任何基座式起重机，当其吊杆被延长时，则其起重能力被24.谷糠，煤之类的货物，必须通风以它们自燃25.表明船舶的初稳性26.在每年的这个季节里，上面提及的区域能见度27.船舶志中的所有记录必须（被）由船长和一名船员签字28.具有红绿横纹的浮筒将具有的灯光特性29.无论何处可能获得好锚地，通常是泥和沙，在这些水域船舶可以拥有30.以下哪项不需要记入航海日志中？31.有时船舶在开敞锚地抛双锚锚泊以32.自西边开来的船舶将在位置015108N/1033008E引水员33.一双车船使用双车前进掉头，将更易于向右舷掉头假如34.在站点附近可能有海图上未注明的灯，雾号和雷达信标发射器35.潮水怎样？什么潮水36.建议你的渔网37.当一特定气团的温度上升时，38.悬式(干湿球)湿度计是一个39.对于气象传真图上标绘的信息，我们能够40.据预报，过几天大雨泛滥淹没港口及附近地区41.高压脊自Sevastopol到Libya东部42.12小时大风警告有效自1103900700UTC这句子，警告预报的有效期从开始43.在很多情况下，大洋水域的小比例尺海图的水文资料仍，所标水区的位置，水深和范围可能有误44.关于助航设施的严重缺陷或重要变化，首先通过给航海者45.长能够从任何的英版海图供应商那里获得英版航海通告46.平均高潮是的平均值47.任何国家的船舶均无线电医疗咨询服务并且这项服务不收费48.海图通过发布的信息而被改正49.一般地，用于画大洋航线，用于港口，内陆水域和沿岸区域50.闪（2）5秒的红色立杆灯标代替搁浅船西南方向附近的绿色锥型灯标。

大副航海英语历届真题35期-52期以及61期考试过关2004年第3期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题（总第35期）航海英语试卷代号：902一.单项选择题1. ______ is one of four uprights comprising a cell in a containership into which a container fits exactly. These uprights hold the container in position.A. stanchionB. shoreC. cellular double-bottomD. Ceil guide2. The purpose of cant frames in steel vessels is ______.A. To support the overhang of the sternB. To strengthen the plating against the pounding of the SeaC. To add strength to the deck beams which support the weather deckD. To support the plating of a cylindrical tank3. Which of the following is more important in determining the amount of free surface that will be produced？A. The breadth of the tankB. The length of the tankC. The amount of liquid in the tankD. The position of the tank in relation to the center line of the vessel4. Which data is NOT painted on the bow of a lifeboat?A. Number of persons allowedB. Name of the vesselC. Weight of the boatD. Home port5. The normal tendency for a loaded tanker is to ______.A. hogB. sagC. have a permanent listD. be very tender6. The control lever for the mechanical disengaging apparatus in a lifeboat shall ______.A. be painted bright redB. be secured to a permanent part of the lifeboat structureC. have the area surrounding the lever painted whiteD. All of the above7. The tentative cargo plan ______.A. eliminates confusion with the final stowage planB. shows the approximate amount of cargo to be loaded in each holdC. expedites the total operationD. requires an unproportional number of gang hours of work to discharge the cargo8. In order to determine the trimming arm for your vessel at any particular draft, which of the following would you compare？A. Longitudinal center of buoyancy and longitudinal center of gravity.B. Longitudinal center of floatation and longitudinal center of gravity.C. Longitudinal center of floatation and longitudinal center of buoyancy.D. Longitudinal tipping center and longitudinal center of gravity9. A new technique _______, the productivity of loading as a whole increased by 20 percent.A. working outB. having been worked outC. having worked outD. to have been worked out10. It is essential for _______ to give a complete description of damage and shortage in the discharging report.A. the office staffB. the terminal staffC. the ship's crewD. the insurance company11. During fueling, all doors, hatches, and ports _______.A. to windward should be opened and the ones to leeward should be closedB. to leeward should be opened and the ones to windward should be closedC. should be openedD. should be closed12. Manifest and cargo plan are the two most important shipping papers required for _______.A. provision orderB. discharging planningC. annual repairD. outward clearance13. You are kindly requested to supply the necessary tallymen to do ______ on board the ship during the discharging of the cargo.A. the tallying workB. the lashing workC. the cleaning workD. the work of opening and closing hatches14. The tallying of cargo refers to such kind of work that the amount and condition of all cargo should be checked ______.A. after its arrival at the destinationB. during the ship's voyage at SeaC. before they come to the dockD. during the time when the loading or discharging is going on15. Whose duty is it to examine and verify the state and condition of the cargo carried on board？A. Tally man'sB. Marine Surveyor'sC. Cargo Surveyor'sD. Boarding Officer's16. The Owners to provide on the Vessel sufficient lighting with the Vessel's lights and light ______ working at all hatches and in all holds simultaneously.A. clustersB. gangC. setsD. flock17. You have berthed in a port area with other tank vessels. What signal is displayed by a vessel to indicate it is transferring flammable or combustible liquid cargo?A. A flashing yellow lightB. A red light visible all around the horizonC. A green light visible all around the horizonD. An illuminated red and yellow caution flag18. Certain dangerous goods are required “to be stowed in a mechanically ventilated space”. When such goods are carried in a closed Ro/Ro cargo space or a special category space, this space should be _______.A. mechanically operatedB. temperature controlledC. mechanically ventilatedD. not to allow to run its refrigeration or heating equipment19. A heated bulkhead has the effect on a hygroscopic commodity of ______.A. causing moisture to accumulate against the bulkheadB. lowering the vapor pressure of the commodityC. lowering the dew point of the airD. raising the vapor pressure of the commodity20. Your vessel is loaded with nonhygroscopic cargoes and is going from a cold to a warm climate. You should ______.A. start the exhaust blowersB. start the intake blowersC. not ventilate the cargo holdsD. ventilate the cargo holds21. In order to minimize the effects of a tender vessel, when carrying a cargo of lumber, you should ______.A. maximize your deck loadB. distribute lumber so that those stowing most compactly per unit of weight are in the upperholdsC. place the heaviest woods in the lower holdsD. keep the vessel's frame spaces free from lumber22. At all angles of inclination, the true measure of a vessel's stability is the ______.A. metacentric heightB. displacementC. righting momentD. inclining moment23. _____: An angle at which a cargo settles in the hold of a ship, between the horizontal and the slope made by a bulk cargo such as grain or iron ore.A. angle of lollB. angle of inclinationC. angle of reposeD. angle of list24. Aboard a vessel, multiplying a load's weight by the distance of the load's center of gravity from the centerline results in the load's ______.A. TCGB. transverse momentC. righting momentD. transverse free surface moment25. A flooded lifeboat on board a vessel would adversely affect the vessel's stability by ______.A. increasing the righting momentB. decreasing the vessel's displacementC. increasing the reserve buoyancyD. shifting the CG (center of gravity) off center26. The tanktops are strengthened suitable for ______ of bulk cargo.A. sling board unloadingB. grab dischargeC. elevator dischargeD. net unloading27. As the temperature for a given mass of air increases, the ______.A. dew point increasesB. dew point decreasesC. relative humidity increasesD. relative humidity decreases28. I regret to report to you the following accident which involved one of the stevedores working on board my vessel yesterday evening. This sentence is most possibly found in ______.A. Notice of Damage by the StevedoresB. Report on AccidentC. Note of Sea ProtestD. Business Letter29. Your vessel has just finished bunkering and has a small list due to improper distribution of the fuel oil. This list will cause ______.A. a decrease in reserve buoyancyB. a decrease in the maximum draftC. the vessel to flop to port and starboardD. None of the above30. In the event of fire in a machinery space, _______.A.the fixed carbon dioxide system should be used only when all other means of extinguishments have failedB. the fixed carbon dioxide system should be used immediately, as it is the most efficient means of extinguishmentC. water in any form should not be used as it will spread the fireD. the space should be opened 5 minutes after flooding CO2 to prevent injury to personnel31. RYC8/TKS PLSPROCEED PEAKIS MEET/PLT SHIFT W/ANCH FOR/QTINE THEN/TO E/ANCH FOR/SUPPL Y. This telex indicates that ______.A. the vessel will anchor at eastern anchorage and take supply at the western anchorageB. the vessel will anchor at western anchorage and take supply at the eastern anchorageC. the vessel will anchor at eastern anchorage and take supply thereD. the vessel will anchor at western anchorage and take supply there32. Your facsimile prognostic chart indicates that you will cross the cold front of a low pressure system in about 24 hours. You should ______.A. expect to see cirrus clouds followed by altostratus and nimbostratus cloudsB. alter course to remain in the navigable semicircleC. prepare for gusty winds, thunderstorms, and a sudden wind shiftD. expect clear weather, with steady winds and pressure, until the front passes33. WE WILL BE VERY GRATEFUL IF YOU CAN PREARRANGE FO 300 TONS (1 000 SECONDS) DO 50 TONS AND 80 LITERS OF LUB OIL NO.14. This fax does not indicate that ______.A. she will take fuel oil 300 tonsB. she will take diesel oil 50 tonsC. she will take lubricant oil 80 tonsD. she will take fuel oil No. 1434. A vessel has completed loading cargo in the port of San Francisco. What document is signed by the Master stating the terms that goods were delivered by the shipper and received by the ship?A. Bill of GoodsB. Bill of LadingC. Cargo ManifestD. Cargo Receipt35. Freight rates are mostly charged ______.A. by the weight (tons) of cargoB. by the capacity (tons) of vesselC. by DW of the vesselD. by the draft of the vessel36. The charter-party is _______.A. a document of titleB. a receipt for the goodsC. a contractD. evidence of a contract37. A cargo reception would appear on _______.A. a Bill of LadingB. the cargo manifestC. the Export DeclarationD. a Letter of Indemnity38. An implied warranty of Seaworthiness on the part of the vessel's owner lies in the ______.A. Cargo ManifestB. Certificate of InspectionC. Classification CertificateD. contract of carriage39. The securing systems for containers were developed to prevent container movement during which ship motion?A. SurgeB. RollC. SwayD. Yaw40. In any case the draught of the vessel at the ______ shall not be less than that which is necessary to obtain full immersion of the propeller.A. forward perpendicularB. amidshipsC. longitudinal center of floatationD. after perpendicular41. A vessel is required to carry an Oil Record Book Part I to log entries in the book regarding the ______.A. discharge of ballast or cleaning water from fuel tanksB. sounding levels of all fuel tanks on a daily basisC. grade and specific gravity of all fuel oil carriedD. fuel consumption rates on a weekly basis42. You are in a tropical port. The refrigeration machinery on a container loaded with air-cooled fruit fails. It cannot be repaired for 18 to 24 hours. Which step should you take to reduce the temperature rise and spoilage of the fruit?A. Discharge a cylinder of nitrogen into the containerB. Shade the container and periodically hose it downC. Seal any ventilation openings and add dry iceD. Spread ice over the top layer and in any voids within the container43. The ______ should ensure that the holds in which chemical packages are stowed are properly supervised during the loading operations and these packages are regularly inspected for leakage or damage on the voyage.A. berth operatorB. harbour supervisorC. master of a shipD. port authority44. The PSCO would be justified in making a detailed inspection of all life-saving appliances, if he sees that ______.A. the survival craft launching equipment have never been usedB. the pivot points are seizedC. the lashing or stowing of deck cargo is improperD. All of the above signs are evident45. The carrier shall be entitled to ______ on any terms the whole or any part of the carriage, loading, unloading, storing, warehousing, handling and any and all duties whatsoever undertaken bythe carrier in relation to the goods.A. retractB. sub-contractC. extractD. abstract46. When the carrier is liable for compensation in respect of loss of or damage to the goods such ______ shall be calculated by reference to the invoice value of the goods plus freight charges and insurance if paid.A. costB. compensationC. valueD. price47. During oil transfer operations, who is responsible for ensuring that the posted transfer procedures are followed?A. The designated person in chargeB. The tankermanC. The senior able SeamanD. The oiler48. Because most, if not all, of the evidence ______ the carrier, the burden of proof soon shifts to the carrier, once the claimant has made initial proof of improper care.A. are available forB. is available toC. are available toD. is available for49. Which of the following day signals should be displayed by a vessel aground in international waters?A. Anchor balls forward and three black balls aftB. Anchor ball forward and two black balls aftC. Two black balls where best seenD. Three black balls where best seen50. The change in the length of day becomes greater as latitude increases because of the ______.A. changing distance between the earth and the sunB. inclination of the diurnal circle to the equatorC. decreasing distance between the terrestrial meridiansD. increased obliquity of the celestial sphere51. In the event of conflict of conditions, the Provisions of Part (2) shall prevail over those of Part(1) to the extent of such conflict.This says that ______.A. If Part (1) and Part (2) are conflict, Part(2) shall stand void.B. If Part (1) and Part (2) are conflict, Part(1) shall stand void.C. If Part (1) and Part (2) are different, neither shall stand void.D. If Part (1) and Part (2) are different, either shall stand void52. A port is ______ if the delay in leaving it would be such as to frustrate the adventure.A. not goodB. unsafeC. safeD. obtainable53. In voyage-charter, the charterer may be responsible for all of the following except ______.A. cargo-handling expendituresB. dunnagesC. lubricant oilD. all of A, B, C54. Under the standard Bareboat or demise charter party _____ . ① The Charterer has total control of the vessel ② The Shipowner employs and pays the crewA. ① onlyB. ② onlyC. Both ① and ②D. Neither ① nor ②55. On a voyage charter, when a vessel is ready to load cargo, the Master should render to the charterer a ______.A. Notice of ReadinessB. Master Certificate of ServiceC. Shipmasters DeclarationD. Vessel Utilization and Performance Report56. An action for indemnity against a third person may ______ even after the expiration of the year if brought within the time allowed by the law of the court seized of the case.A. be providedB. be broughtC. be suppliedD. be had57. In the case of any actual or apprehended loss or damage the carrier and receiver must ______ all reasonable facilities to each other for inspecting and tallying the goods.A. makeB. takeC. haveD. give58. The Vessel is a ______ bulk carrier which is permitted to carry grain in bulk without requiring any fittings under the Rules of the 1974 SOLAS.A. self-loadingB. self-trimmingC. self-unloadingD. self-discharging59. Where the charter party states that payment of hire is to be made without discount, this merely means that ______ .A. there is to be discount for the hireB. the hire is absolutely payableC. no money is to be deducted from the hireD. the hire can be made at the less rate60. At common law the Shipowner has possessory liens on the cargo for ______.A. advance freightB. freight payable on deliveryC. freight not earnedD. freight payable after delivery61. Unless otherwise agreed, _______ must take the goods from alongside, though this obligation may be varied by a custom of the port which is not inconsistent with the express terms of the contract.A the ConsigneeB the ConsignorC the owner D. the Charterer62. The term under which the Shipowner is not responsible for loading and discharging costs is ______.A FOBSTB FIOSTC FIOS D. FIO63. The Shippers to load trucks and heavy cargo, and also to supply all necessary materials forlashing.The expenses will be charged to ______ account.A the supercargo'sB the Shipper'sC the owner's D. the Consignee's64. _______ is the last date, agreed in a voyage charter-party or time character-party, by which a ship must be available to the charterer at the agreed place at the commencement of the contract. If the ship is not available by that date, the charterer may have the option to cancel the charter.A. Cancelling dateB. abandonment dateC. inquiry dateD. confirmation date65. During the watch, overcast, fresh breeze, Sea moderate, ship rolling and pitching, shipping Seas over the decks and hatches. This sentence is most possibly found in ______.A. Repair ListB. Deck log bookC. Weather forecastD. Navigational Warning66. If a magnetic compass is not affected by any magnetic field other than the Earth's, which statement is TRUE?A. Compass error and variation are equalB. Compass north will be true north.C. Variation will equal deviationD. There will be no compass error67. Your ship is steaming at night with the gyropilot engaged. You notice that the vessel's course is slowly changing to the right. Which action should you take FIRST?A. Notify the engine room of the steering malfunction.B. Change to hand steeringC. Call the Master.D. Send the Quartermaster to the emergency steering station.68. By paying out more anchor cable, you ______.A. decrease the holding power of your anchorB. decrease the swing of your vessel while at anchorC. increase the holding power of your anchorD. increase the possibility that your vessel will drag anchor期数：35 试卷代号：9022005中华人民共和国海事局一.单项选择题1. The deck control valve to be ______ after being repaired.A. moved and fitted againB. removed and refittedC. reproduced and put on againD. returned and attached again2. By definition, a spar deck is the ______.A. lower most continuous deck not broken by water tight bulkheadsB. after most weather deck above the main strength deckC. upper or weather deck above the main strength deckD. deck of light construction below the main or strength deck3. A continuous watertight bulkhead is normally also a(n) ______.A. structural bulkheadB. exterior bulkheadC. centerline bulkheadD. joiner bulkhead4. A security level, at which the ship or port facility normally operates, and for which minimum appropriate protective security measures shall be maintained at all times is defined as ______ in maritime security.A. Security level 1B. Security level 2C. Security level 3D. Security level 45. ______ is designed to raise the alarm ashore in reaction to security threats or security incidentsby notifying the flag State of the ship without alerting ships or coastal States in the vicinity or giving any indication on board.A. Manual alarming systemB. Ship Security Alert SystemC. Automatic alarming systemD. Integrated alarming system6. Deadweight, which is the cargo carrying capacity of a vessel in tons, is determined by ______.A Loaded displacement minus light displacem ent.B.Gross tonnage minus net tonnageC.Loaded displacement minus net tonnageD.Light displacement minus the weight of the vessel7. One of the principal dangers inherent in liquefied petroleum gas is ______.A. as it warms up it becomes heavier than airB. the way it reacts with Sea waterC. the strong odor it producesD. its low temperature causes frostbite or freezing8. According to the Hull insurance -Institute Time Clauses (ITC), which of the following statement is correct as to navigation?A. The ship insured is not allowed to sail or navigate without pilots.B. The ship insured is not allowed to carry out commercial towing.C. The ship insured is not allowed to undertake salvage services.D. The ship insured is not allowed to be towed when in need of assistance9. During the process of loading, damages to cargo can be reduced to minimum by ______.A. shippers who deliver the cargo to the ship on timeB. stevedores who handle the cargo with cautionC. ship's crew members who check the cargo in regular intervalsD. consignees who take good care of the cargo10. ______: An angle at which a cargo settles in the hold of a ship, between the horizontal and the slope made by a bulk cargo such as grain or iron ore.A. angle of lollB. angle of inclinationC. angle of reposeD. angle of list11. Each vessel in ocean and coastwise service must have an approved EPIRB. An EPIRB ______.A. must be stowed in a manner so that it will float free if the vessel sinksB. must be stowed where it is readily accessible for testing and useC. is a devise that transmits a radio signalD. All of the above12. Damage stability is the stability ______.A. which exists when the wind speed is less than 50 knotsB. before collisionC. after floodingD. at the maximum load13. Which of the following statements is not always correct as to the functions or influences of the deductible?A. It cuts down the numbers of petty claims.B. It diminishes the premium paid by the insured.C. It contributes to better safety on the whole.D. It relieves both the insured and insurers.14. ______ is the price paid to a Shipowner for the transportation of goods or merchandise by Sea from one specific port to another.A. FreightB. Freight rateC. HireD. Lighterage15. You are kindly requested to supply the necessary tallymen to do ______ on board the ship during the discharging of the cargo.A. the tallying workB. the lashing workC. the cleaning workD. the work of opening and closing hatches16. A combustible gas indicator meter is calibrated to read the percentage of ______.A. vapor to oxygenB. the flammable limit concentrationC. the autoignition concentrationD. the lower explosive limit concentration17. Whilst dangerous goods are being handled , precautions are taken ______ unauthorized access to handling areas.A. to overcomeB. to diminishC. to preventD. to eliminate18. A combustible gas indicator will NOT operate correctly when the ______.A. hydrocarbon content of the atmosphere exceeds the U.E.LB. atmosphere is deficient in oxygenC. distance between the operator and the compartment to be tested is greater than 50 feetD. All of the above19. Your ship is carrying hazardous cargo. During a daily inspection, you notice that some of the cargo has shifted and several cases are broken. You should FIRST ______.A. call out the deck gang to jettison the cargoB. log the facts in the rough log and inform the Chief Mate laterC. make a determination of the seriousness of the breakage, and do what you think bestD. report the facts immediately to the Master, who will make a decision20. Your vessel is listing 4° to port and has a short rolling period. There is loose firefighting water in the hull. The ship is trimmed down by the head with one foot of freeboard at the bow. Which action should you take FIRST?A. Press up the slack NO.1 starboard double bottom tankB. Pump out the forepeak tankC. Eliminate the water in the tween decks aftD. Jettison stores out of the paint locker in the fo'c'sle21. Your vessel is going from a warm climate to a cold climate with a hygroscopic cargo. Which statement is TRUE?A. You must ventilate constantly and vigorously to combat ship sweat.B. You should ventilate; there is little danger of ship sweat, but a possibility of cargo sweat.C. There is danger of heavy cargo sweat if you ventilate.D. There is little danger of any sweat problem.22. In the stowage of deck cargo, cribbing is ______.A. placed on deck to support the cargoB. separation pieces used to keep cylinders upright and steadyC. shims for stowing baled cargoD. nets placed across the hatch opening to keep the cargo from falling in the hatch23. Which of the following will increase the height of the center of buoyancy for your vessel？A. Discharging weight from lower decks.B. Loading weight in upper decks.C. Shifting weight from lower to upper decks.D. Shifting weight from upper to lower decks24. The ______ is recoverable under the clause of sue and labour according to the Hull insurance- Institute Time Clauses.A. expenditures for salvage charges spent by the shipB. collision defenses paid by the shipC. costs for averting or minimizing a loss incurred by the shipD. attack costs run by the ship25. What is NOT accepted as the required shipping papers on a manned and loaded tank barge?A. Bill of LadingB. ManifestC. Shipping documentD. Logbook entry26. A hygroscopic cargo is defined as a cargo ______.A. capable of absorbing moisture in the form of a gasB. capable of giving off moisture in the form of a liquidC. that is shipped in a liquid stateD. that will ignite in contact with water27. Aboard a vessel, dividing the sum of the transverse moments by the total weight yields the vessel's ______.A. vertical momentsB. transverse position of the center of gravityC. inclining momentsD. righting moments28. If you are bunkering and you close off one tank in the line of tanks being filled, the rate of flow to other open tanks on the same line will ______.A. increaseB. decreaseC. stopD. remain constant29. Peck and Hale gear is used most commonly for securing ______.A. automobilesB. baled cargoC. large wooden cratesD. palletized cargo30. If the cause of severe list or trim is off-center ballast, counter flooding into empty tanks will ______.A. increase the righting momentB. increase the righting armC. increase list or trimD. decrease list or trim31. TERM: FRT CLT AT JPN JYEN 550000/40‟ RV CY/CY AI What does CY mean above?A. Calendar yearB. Container yardC. Cylinders or CurrencyD. Capacity32. PLS BE INFORMED THAT SUB VSL‟S TWO KINDS OF CERTIFICATES HA VE EXPIRED. ONE IS DERATTING CERTIFICATE AND THE OTHER IS SAFETY EQUIPMENT CERTIFICATE, _______.A. up to now, we have not got any information from the police stationB. now each party sticks to this own view and suspension of theloading was thus causedC. we are not certain if the port side allows us to do soD. whether both cert wl b renewed (extended) or not at ours. pls cfm33. UNLOADING MACHINERY 1200MT FM/THREE HATCHES INCLUDING HEA VYLIFTS UPTO/20MT EACH. This fax indicates that ______.A. the heavy lift is upto 20 tons eachB. the heavy lift is upto 1200 tons eachC. the vessel will discharge 1220 tons of cargo at the portD. the vessel will discharge 1180 tons of cargo at the port34. In respect of the carrier's liabilities, responsibilities, the rights and immunities in China Ocean Shipping Company Bill of Lading Clauses, ______ shall be applied.A. Hague RulesB. Peking Adjustment RulesC. SINOTIMED. BALTIME35. Where a carrier had issued a document other than a bill of lading as an evidence of the receipt of the goods to be carried, such a document is ______ of the conclusion of the contract of carriage of goods by Sea and the taking over by the carrier of the goods as described herein.A. absolute evidenceB. important evidenceC. prima facie evidenceD. decisive evidence36. All disputes arising under or in connection with China Ocean Shipping Company Bill of Lading Clauses shall be determined ______.A. by international law in the courts of or by arbitration in any country the defendant chooses.B. by Hague RulesC. by New Jason ClausesD. by Chinese law in the courts of or by arbitration in the PRC37. One of the signed bills of lading is accomplished, the others shall ______.A. be returned to the shipperB. stand voidC. be accomplished by other contractD. be obtained and destroyed by the Shipowner38. When ______, the provisions of the Bill of Lading will be used as a basis for settlement.A. an event is in connection with the marine peril at SeaB. a matter is linked to a person injuryC. a matter is connected with Charter PartyD. a case is related to dispute about cargo39. What is the meaning of the term tare weight?A. Pounds of force necessary to damage a containerB. Total weight of a container and contentsC. Weight of a containerD. Weight of the contents of a container40. Which statement concerning the carriage of containers is TRUE?A. The Chief Mate and Master of a container ship should have the proposed stowage plan readyfor the stevedore upon arrival in port.B. When stowed on deck of a break bulk ship, the bottom of the container must be evenly supported throughout.C. With tiered containers, a 40-foot container may be stowed on top of two 20-foot containers.D. Deck load calculations must take into account the square footage of the entire container bottom.41. You are on a containership. The cargo includes a container of small arms ammunition, a container of lead-acid storage batteries and bottles of methyl acetylene. Which statement is TRUE?A. The storage batteries must be stowed on deck away from the ammunition.B. The storage batteries must be at least ten horizontal feet away from the methyl acetylene if inthe same space.C. The ammunition must be separated from the methyl acetylene by at least one hold.D. The methyl acetylene may be stowed on deck or under deck with under deck stowage to be used if available.42. When loading containers into the cell guides in the hold of a container ship, which statement is TRUE?A. No further securing is usually requiredB. Containers must have vertical lashings if they do not have twist lock securingC. All containers must have vertical and horizontal lashingsD. The container must be locked into the cell guide43. The merchant undertakes that no claim or allegation shall be made against any servant, agent or subcontractor of the carrier which ______ to impose upon any of them or any liability whatsoever in connection with the goods.A. supplies or attempt to supplyB. imposes or attemptsC. complies or attemp to complyD. provides or attempt to provide44. ______ the heading combined transport bill of lading, the provisions set out and referred to in this bill of lading shall also apply where the transport as described on the face of the B/L is performed by one mode of transport only, and in such circumstances, the liability of the carrier shall be limited to the part of the transport performed by him.A. NotwithstandingB. WhatsoeverC. WhereaboutD. Nevertheless45. The ______ of the goods shall be fixed according to the commodity exchange price or, if there be no such price, according to the current market price or, if there be no commodity exchange price or current market price, by reference to the normal value of goods of the same kind and quality.A. costB. priceC. valueD. expense46. Any partial loss or damage shall be ______ pro rata on the basis of such declared value.A. adjustedB. arrangedC. determinedD. fixed。

Passage 01－Passage 36为航海英语光盘题库无限航区大副所附的36篇阅读理解Passage 01－Passage 50为航海英语大副考证精选习题大连2501题所附的50篇阅读理解Passage 51－Passage 59为航海英语大副考证历届真题所附题库范围外的9篇阅读理解Passage 03Whilst proper care must be taken with the stowage of all iron and steel，cargoes of pig iron，steel billets，round bars and pipes are particularly difficult to secure effectively．In the upper tween decks of many two and three deck ships the absence of hatch coamings more than a few inches high adds to the difficulty of securing pig iron and billets carried abreast the hatchways and there appears to be a greater risk of cargo shifting in these spaces than in the lower holds．The most effective way to secure these cargoes is to level them and over stow them with other suitable cargo．The over stow should have sufficient rigidity or weight to act as a positive preventative to the movement of pig iron，steel billets，bars，etc．Large quantities of uncovered pig iron or billets should not be carried in the upper-tween decks with the intention of obtaining an unduly low metacentric height since this does not eliminate the risk of cargo shifting and may endanger the ship if it does shift．Where the pig iron，steel billets，round bars and pipes are stowed in ________ of a ship，their risk of shifting is the greatest．A．the upper tween deckB．the lower tween deckC．the lower holdD．in any tween deck without hatch coamingsAThe most effective way to stow such cargoes as pig iron，steel billets，round bars and pipes is to _______．A．place them in the upper tween deckB．over stow them with sufficient rigidity or weight to act as a positive preventative to the movement C．lower the metacenter of the shipD．obtain an unduly low metacentric heightBIt will endanger the ship if the pig iron，steel billets，round bars and pipes ________．A．have no risk of shiftingB．are over stowed with other cargoes of sufficient rigidity or weightC．are stowed in lower holdD．shiftDThis passage is likely extracted from ________．A．a B/LB．GenconC．BaltimeD．a Ship Repair ContractDPassage 04With one possible exception，activity in the Dover Strait during the closing hours of 5 May 1998 was normal．It was a dark clear night，the wind was west-south-west force 5 to 6 and traffic was moving easily both ways in the traffic separation scheme．As so often happens a“rogue”ship was heading north-east on the northern edge of the south-west bound lane．It was not identified．The only additional，but by no means unusual，activity that night was a cross channel survey by the 1，774gt survey vessel STM Atria．She was traversing the channel between a position off St Margaret's Bay and the Belgian coast．She was showing the lights of a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre，red white and red all round lights，and alsodisplaying an orange flashing light．Regular traffic information about her activities was broadcast by the CNIS every hour．She was making GOOD between 4 and 5 knots．The traffic separation scheme ________ in the Dover Strait．A．was not establishedB．will be establishedC．was in operationD．was removedCSTM Atria was ________．A．a“rogue”shipB．a survey vesselC．CNISD．Dover StraitBThe speed of the survey vessel is between ________ knots．A．4 and 5B．5 and 6C．6 and 7D．7 and 8AThe ship heading north-east ________．A．was in the wrong lane of the traffic separation schemeB．was carrying out survey operationsC．did not carry any cargo on boardD．was a pirate boatAPassage 05The bulk carrier，long recognized as the workhorse of the world merchant fleet，has over the years had its design refined and optimized on the basis of previous successful experience．This provided what many considered to be a relatively uncomplicated and safe structural configuration．Recently，and regrettably with loss of human lives，a series of tragic ship losses has focused the attention of the marine industry and the public on the performance and inherent safety of this ship type．Extensive research and development，principally by the major classification societies，has highlighted the possible causes of the bulk carrier losses and brought about necessary changes to the design and scantlings for new ships．For existing ships，improvements to safety are anticipated throughthe reinforcement of the aft transverse watertight bulkhead，and the double bottom structure in way，of the foremost cargo hold，the introduction of a more rigorous survey regime and greater attention to operating procedures，particularly during cargo loading and discharge，in order to avoid over stressing of the structure or mechanical damage．In this paragraph，the term“workhorse”means ________．A．the ship that performs dependably in marine industriesB．a horse that is used for labor rather than for racing or ridingC．a person who works tirelessly，especially at difficult or time-consuming tasksD．something that performs dependably under heavy or prolonged useAThe refined and optimized design of bulk carriers，considered by many people，________．A．is relatively uncomplicated and safe in their structural configurationB．is relatively complicated compared with previous structural configurationC．is relatively not safe on the basis of previous successful experienceD．will join world fleet recentlyAThe ________ is not included in the anticipated improvements to safety for existing bulkships．A．introduction of a more rigorous survey regime and greater attention to operating procedures B．introduction of necessary changes to the design and scantlingsC．reinforcement of the aft transverse watertight bulkheadD．reinforcement of the double bottom structure in wayBIt is implied that a series of tragic bulkship losses ________．A．will not be avoided even new design of their structure are introducedB．were contributed by the improvements to safety for existing shipsC．has little effect on the marine industry and the publicD．were caused by their inherent structuresDPassage 06The ship loaded with general cargo had parcels of steel pipes of 13 inch diameter stowed 6 tiers high in the aft end of the tween decks．Two lengths of 2.25 inch steel wire were laid athwartships across the top of the third tier of pipes，taken back over the top of the sixth tier on completion of stowage and tightened by bottle screws secured to the ship's framing．In very heavy weather the steel pipes broke adrift and extensive damage resulted to framing，bulkheads，air and sounding pipes，etc．The wire lashings and bottle screws were completely destroyed．The diameter of the steel pipes is ________ inches．A．not mentionedB．13C．6D．2.25BThe steel pipes were stowed in ________ ties．A．2B．3C．5D．6DThe steel pipes did not cause damage to ________．A．framingB．bulkheadsC．air and sounding pipesD．the aft end of the tween decksDThe steel pipes were lashed with ________ wires．A．2B．3C．4D．5APassage 10The hull structure within the cargo area of a bulk carrier can be considered as comprising two barriers；namely，the primary and secondary barrier．The primary barrier is formed by the single skin side shell between topside and hopper tanks，and the cross deck strips，hatch covers and coamings．A failure of the primary barrier would allow water to enter the hold space．The secondary barrier is formed by the vertically corrugated transverse watertight bulkheads and the inner bottom．A failure of the secondary barrier will permit flood water in the hold to enter the neighbouring hold space．Cracking at hatch corners will directly permit water to enter ________．A．topside tanksB．the cross deck stripsC．hopper tanksD．the primary barrierDGrab and bulldozer damage to the inner bottom will allow water to enter ________．A．the secondary barrierB．transverse watertight bulkheadsC．the primary barrierD．the topside and hopper tanks，AHatch covers are ________．A．primary barrierB．secondary barrierC．either primary barrier or secondary barrierD．neither primary barrier nor secondary barrierAIn accordance with the passage，the bridge deck should be considered as ________．A．primary barrierB．secondary barrierC．either primary barrier or secondary barrierD．neither primary barrier nor secondary barrierDPassage 11The damage scenarios applicable to single side skin bulk carriers assume initial damage to the primary barrier，formed by the shell and hatch covers，followed by the failure of the secondary barrier formed by the double bottom and the transverse bulkheads．Primary barrier failure could occur in one of two ways．The side shell could be damaged or the hatch covers could fail under the pressure from green seas on deck or be swept away，thereby allowing water to enter the hold．The most likely cause of initial side shell failure，other than collision，results from the progressive reduction of support from corroded and fractured side shell frame end bracket connections to topside tanks and hopper tanks．Corrosion of end bracket toes creates a stress concentration with the location being subjected to fatigue loading from the passage of waves along the side shell．This can lead to the growth of fatigue cracks until the end brackets are completely detached from the side shell．Similarly，weld grooving of side frames and brackets can lead to detachment．In each case，loss of secondary support will lead to loss of the side shell and water will enter the hold．According to this passage，________ will be suffered from damage first．A．primary barrierB．secondary barrierC．double bottomD．transverse bulkheadsACorrosion of ________ is not likely lead to detachment of the corresponding structural member．A．weld grooving of side frames and bracketsB．end bracket toesC．side shell frame end bracket connections to topside tanks and hopper tanksD．the shell and hatch coversDFatigue loading to end bracket toes is created by ________．A．the passage of waves along the side shellB．the side shell frame end bracket connections to topside tanks and hopper tanksC．the detachmentD．the secondary supportAIn general，loss of secondary support will ________．A．create a stress concentration with the locationB．assume initial damage to the primary barrierC．lead to loss of the side shell and water will enter the holdD．lead to the growth of fatigue cracksCPassage 14Many carriers today make use of relay ports at which GOODs destined for more remote locations are transshipped onto substituted ships or“feeder vessels”，in order to secure faster and more efficient delivery than would be possible if the cargoes concerned were carried all the way to destination aboard the liner vessels on which they were firstloaded．The transshipment of cargo at such intermediate ports has been judged not to constitute an unreasonable deviation where it is shown to be a custom of the trade．Nor，of course，is it an unreasonable deviation where the shipper acquiesced in it，had notice of it or could have expected it based on prior shipments with the same carrier，or where the carrier has made known its ordinary stops by its advertisements，publications or other means．A Relay Port means a/an_______．A．port of destinationB．port of sailingC．intermediate portD．port of refugeCCargo will be possibly delivered slower to its destination by _______．A．a feederB．a substituted shipC．the liner on which it was first loadedD．the liner on which it would be loaded should a feeder or substituted ship not be availableCUnder which of the following conditions is it not sufficient to judge that transshipment at the relay port doesnot constitute an unreasonable deviation ___________．A．the transshipment is shown to be a custom of the tradeB．the shipper had notice of the transshipmentC．the shipper could have expected it based on prior shipments with the same carrierD．the carrier has not made known its ordinary stops by its advertisements or publicationsDThe purpose of making use of a relay port by the carrier is to achieve the end of _______．A．faster and more efficient deliveryB．avoiding unreasonable deviationC．making known its ordinary transportation by its advertisements，publications or other means D．preventing the adverse influence to the carriage by a custom of the tradeAPassage 17On the bridge for the approach to the pilot boarding ground were the Master，who had the con，the Mate，as Watch Officer，and a seaman at the wheel，while the Third Mate went on deck to meet the pilot．The normal procedure onboard was for the Second Mate to prepare the voyage plan and to lay off the courses onthe charts．However，because the passage from Burnie to the Tamar River was relatively short and because he intended stopping and drifting for two to three hours，the Master decided to lay off the courses himself．In the past，when the company employed Japanese officers，the Master would discuss operational and navigational procedures with them．However，since the introduction of the employment of Filipino officers，the Master no longer did this，with the result there was no cohesive bridge team．When the pilot launch arrived alongside，the Mate went to the port bridge wing and remained there until such time as the Pilot had gained the deck．At a critical stage，when manoeuvring close to a reef，he was providing no active support to the Master by monitoring the vessel's progress，either by radar or by the electronic plotting table．With no active support from the Mate，the Master had quickly plotted the position at a time he recorded as 0606，from which he realised there was a danger of the stern swinging into the eastern shallows of Hebe Reef．In instructing the helmsman to steady on 1600，however，he does not appear to have appreciated the developing situation with West Reef，created by that action，and the vessel grounded fast in the Reef．The Master did not discuss operational and navigational procedures with his mates because _______．A．he has ethnic or cultural prejudice in his dealings with those officersB．he laid off the courses himselfC．the bridge was adequately manned for the operationD．the Second Mate did not prepare the voyage plan and lay off the courses on the chartsAOf the following _______ is not a contributing factor leading to the grounding accident．A．that Master did not inform the Mate of his intended actions or seek the Mate's support in monitoring and advising him on the progress of the manoeuvresB．that the Mate did not provide active support to the MasterC．that navigational equipment was either ignored or not used to full effectD．that the Mate went to the port bridge wing and remained thereDIt is inferred that the vessel started the voyage in _______．A．an early morningB．a late eveningC．an afternoonD．a midnightAThe main cause of this accident is the lack of _______．A．seamanship skill of the Master and the Mates on the bridgeB．Bridge Resource Management proceduresC．academic education of the crew members，including the Master and Mates D．communications between the Pilot，the Master and the Mates on board the vesselBPassage 24On 22 February 2005 the Bahamas flag bulk carrier Clipper Kawa was lying at the outer anchorage off the port of Albany，Western Australia．At about 0815，the Bosun，with the two deck cadets and two seamen set to work transferring used dunnage lying on the hatch cover of No.3 hold，to the space between the break of the forecastle and No.1 hatch．The Bosun and the two cadets went to unlash the forward gantry crane of the ship．This done，the senior cadet remained in the starboard driving cab while the Bosun，the junior cadet and the two seamen slung the dunnage．On completion，the Bosun and the two seamen alighted from the port side of the hatch cover，while the junior cadet alighted on the starboard side．The two seamen then went forward，and the Bosun，having received an“all clear” signal from the cadet on the starboard side，signaled the driver to move the gantry forward to No.1 hatch．After the gantry crane arrived at No.1 hatch and lowered the dunnage，the Bosun noticed that the junior cadet had not arrived up forward．He walked aft on the starboard side and found the cadet，apparently unconscious，lying against the hatch coaming of No.2 hold．The crew carried him into the crew's recreation room in the accommodation and the Chief Officer started to apply CPR（Cardiopulmonary resuscitation，心肺复苏）．Shortly afterwards，on unzipping the overalls of the cadet，it was found that his abdomen had burst open and it was concluded that he was．The post mortem revealed that he had died from shock and haemorrhage（大出血）following multiple crush injuries．The dead person was ________．A．one of the two seamenB．the junior cadetC．the senior cadetD．the driver of the craneBALL CLEAR was signaled by ________．A．one of the two seamenB．the BosunC．the junior cadetD．the senior cadetCThere were ________ people working on the fore deck at the time of the accident．A．4B．5C．6D．7BIt can be concluded that ________．A．Either fatigue or alcohol or both shall be considered to have been contributing factors in the death B．the person was killed by one of the crew members，such as C/O，Bosun or any other persons on board the shipC．the dead person committed suicide himself for unknown reasonsD．the person died of an accidentDPassage 25Coils should be properly secured and lashed on board ship．The objective is to form one large，immovable block of coils in the hold by lashing them together．In general，strip coils in three end rows in the top tier should be lashed．To prevent fore-and-aft shifting in the top tier of bare-wound coils group-lashing should not be applied due to their fragile nature；the end row of a top tier should be secured by dunnage and wires，which are to be tightened from side to side，and by additional wires to the bulkhead．When coils are fully loaded over the entire bottom space and are well shored，no lashings are required except for locking coils．The lashings can be of a conventional type using wire steel band or any equivalent means．Conventional lashings should consist of wires having sufficient tensile strength．The first tier should be chocked．It should be possible to re-tighten the lashings during the voyage．Wire lashings should be protected against damage from sharp edges．If there are few coils，or a single coil only，they should be adequately secured to the ship，by placing them in cradles，by wedging，or by shoring and then lashing to prevent transverse and longitudinal movement．LOCKING COIL is the coil ________．A．which is placed between two underneath coils to prevent their shiftingB．which has a few locks on or around itC．which can be locked from inside of the axe in the fore-and-aft directionD．to which wedges should be used as stoppers when necessary during loading and discharging to prevent shiftingA________ should be secured by dunnage and wires．A．the top tier of bare-wound coilsB．strip coils in three end rows in the top tierC．the first tier coilsD．the end row of a top tier coilsDCradles are usually needed for the stowage of ________．A．the end row of a top tier of coilsB．strip coils in three end rows in the top tierC．a few coils or only one coil on board the shipD．the top tier of bare-wound coilsCThis passage is probably extracted from ________．A．IMDG CodeB．BC CodeC．CSS CodeD．SOLASCPassage 31Class 4 of dangerous cargoes deals with substances，other than those classed as explosives，which，under conditions of transport，are readily combustible or may contribute to a fire or cause one．Class 4.1 cover readily combustible solids and solids which may cause fire through friction；self-reactive（solids and liquids）and related substances；and desensitized explosives．The substances in this class are solids possessing the properties of being easily ignited by external sources，such as sparks and flames，and of being readily combustible，or of being liable to cause fire through friction．Class 4.2 are substances liable to spontaneous combustion．The substances in this class are either liquids or solids which are liable to spontaneous heating under normal conditions encountered in transport，or to heating up in contact with air，and being then liable to catch fire．Class 4.3 include substances which，in contact with water，emit flammable gases．The substances in this class are either liquids or solids which，by interaction with water，are liable to become spontaneously flammable or to give off flammable gases in dangerous quantities．Liquids which are liable to spontaneous heating under normal conditions encountered in transport shall be classed into ________．A．Class 4.1B．Class 4.2C．Class 4.3D．other class than class 4BSelf-reactive liquids shall be classed into ________．A．Class 4.1B．Class 4.2C．Class 4.3D．other class than class 4A________ does not belong to Class 4.1．A．substances which，in contact with water，emit flammable gasesB．desensitized explosivesC．solids which may cause fire through frictionD．readily combustible solidsAThis paragraph is most likely extracted from ________．A．Marpol 73/78B．SOLASC．CSS CodeD．IMDG CodeDPassage 32The main part of a ship is the hull．This is the area between the main decks，the sides and the bottom．It is made up of frames covered with plating．The hull is divided up into a number of watertight compartments by decks and bulkheads．Bulkheads are vertical steel walls going across the ship and along．Decks divide the hull horizontally．Those dividing up cargo spaces are known as tween decks．The hull contains the engine room，cargo space and a number of tanks．In dry cargo ships the cargo space is divided into holds，in liquid cargo ships it is divided into tanks．At the fore end of the hull are the fore peak tanks and at the after end the after peak tanks．They are used for fresh water and water ballast．The space between the holds and the bottom of the hull contains double bottom tanks．These are used for ballast water and fuel．The bulkheads are vertical structures of ships which go ________．A．across the shipB．along the shipC．either across the ship or along the shipD．both across the ship and along the shipC________ are known as decks．A．Those structures dividing up cargo spacesB．Vertical steel walls going across the ship and alongC．The walls of engine room，cargo space and a number of tanksD．Those structures dividing the hull horizontallyD________ are used for fresh water and water ballast．A．The space between the holds and the bottom of the hullB．liquid spacesC．bottom tanksD．peak tanksDThis paragraph is most likely extracted from ________．A．Marpol 73/78B．SOLASC．Stability BookletD．Other documentsDPassage 33Failing to identify pre-shipment damage and neglecting to make appropriate notations on bills of lading will deprive the carrier of his rights，limitations and immunities under the contract of carriage and may prejudice Club cover．Assertions are sometimes made by cargo interests that rust on a particular shipment is normal and will not affect its market value．Such comments should be disregarded．In all cases where a steel cargo is found to be rusty，it is imperative that remarks are made on the bills of lading，irrespective of the apparent severity of the rust．The bills of lading should also be claused to reflect any physical pre-shipment damage to the steel and/or wrappers（bends，tears，crimps，dents，deformation，crushing）．Selecting the most appropriate clauses to describe pre-shipment damage is not always easy，and the attending surveyor should be consulted for advice．Where possible，the clausing should list the identification marks of the damaged GOODs，failing which the number of coils or packages should be quantified．Percentage estimates regarding the number of damaged pieces should not be given．If it is not possible to identify the damaged GOODs specifically，the words”some”or”several” may be acceptable．Any differences found between the ship and shore tally or ship and bill of lading figures must be noted on the bill of lading in the usual manner．The clausing on B/L is to reflect and make notation of ________ the cargoes and/or their wrappers．A．all damages incurred during the carriage by sea toB．all possible damages to and/or losses ofC．physical pre-shipment damages toD．pre-shipment damages toDThe pre-shipment rusts for which there are assertions made by cargo interests that they are normal and would not affect the cargo's market value shall ________．A．be claused on the Bill of LadingB．not be claused on the Bill of LadingC．be disregardedD．not be disregardedAThe proper topic of this paragraph is ________．A．The Principles for Clausing on Bills of LadingB．Losses of and Damages to Steel CargoesC．Legal Actions to Be Taken When Losses of and Damages to Cargoes IncurredD．The Functions of Clauses Made on Bills of LadingAThis paragraph is most likely compiled to protect the interests of ________．A．the carriersB．the shippersC．the merchantsD．the cargo ownersAPassage 34Both biotic and chemical stresses are closely interrelated both with each other and with climatic stresses．It may accordingly be assumed that biotic and chemical reactions proceed particularly well when exposed to certain temperature and moisture conditions．Biotic stresses are deemed to be present if GOODs，packaging or parts thereof are damaged by living organisms of whatever kind．Chewing damage may，however，cause considerable losses．The risk is relatively low in closed containers，provided that no animals have taken up residence before packing or“sneak in”during packing．Since many rodents are nocturnal creatures，cargo transport units which are being packed should be closed during work breaks or at the end of a shift especially during the hours of darkness．Prior inspection of cargo transport units for tightness is a basic requirement．Insects，for example，can nonetheless still get into such closed containers which，although classed as unventilated，still have openings of small cross-section．It will be virtually impossible to avoid damage if GOODs and/or packaging are infested before packing and such infestation is not noticed．In the case of “open”cargo transport units，infestation can only be prevented by providing sufficiently tight packaging or suitable preservation．Chewing damage is a kind of ________ damage．A．bioticB．climaticC．chemicalD．virtually impossibleAThe risk of biotic damage to the cargoes in closed containers ________ that in open containers．A．is lower thanB．is higher thanC．is the same asD．can hardly be told if lower or higher thanAThe purpose that cargo transport units which are being packed should be closed during work breaks or at the end of a shift is to ________．A．reduce climatic stresses when cargo working is resumedB．inspect cargo transport units for tightnessC．provide sufficiently tight packaging or suitable preservationD．avoid rodents to sneak inDIn the author's opinion，damage to cargoes by insects contained in closed containers is likely to happen ________．A．only before packingB．only during packingC．only after packingD．in the whole process of transportation by seaDPassage 36Dangerous GOODs shall be packed in GOOD quality packagings，including IBCs and large packagings，which shall be strong enough to withstand the shocks and loadings normally encountered during transport，including trans-shipment between cargo transport units and between cargo transport units and warehousesas well as any removal from a pallet or overpack．Packagings，including IBCs and large packagings，shall be constructed and closed so as to prevent any loss of contents when prepared for transport which may be caused under normal conditions of transport，by vibration，or by changes in temperature，humidity or pressure（resulting from altitude，for example）．Packagings，including IBCs and large packagings，shall be closed in accordance with the information provided by the manufacturer．No dangerous residue shall adhere to the outside of packages，IBCs and large packagings during transport．These provisions apply，as appropriate，to new，reused，reconditioned or remanufactured packagings，and to new，reused，repaired or remanufactured IBCs，and to new or reused large packagings．Parts of packagings，including IBCs and large packagings，which are in direct contact with dangerous GOODs shall not be affected or significantly weakened by those dangerous GOODs；and shall not cause a dangerous effect，such as catalysing a reaction or reacting with the dangerous GOODs．The loss of contents referred to in this passage in packagings，including IBCs and large packagings，are not caused by ________．A．vibrationB．changes in temperatureC．changes in humidity or pressureD．trans-shipment between cargo transport units and between cargo transport units and warehouses as well as any removal from a pallet or overpackDWith regard to the parts of packagings，including IBCs and large packagings，which are in direct contact with dangerous GOODs，________ is correct．A．they shall not be affected by those dangerous GOODsB．they shall not be significantly weakened by those dangerous GOODsC．they shall not catalyze a reaction or react with those dangerous GOODsD．they shall not be closed so as to prevent any loss of contents when prepared for transportDThese provisions shall not apply to ________．A．repaired or remanufactured large packagingsB．repaired or remanufactured IBCsC．new or reused IBCsD．new，reused，reconditioned or remanufactured packagingsA。