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一、关于动词适当形式的解题思路★★
时态（8种基本时态）
谓语动词——时间状语、语境——
语态（主动+被动）
动词
即将发生——不定式(to do)
非谓语动词——和中心词的逻辑关系正在发生、主动——现在分词(doing)
已经完成、被动——过去分词(done)
充当名词——动名词(doing)
主语转成不定
式置于句末。
It is good for your health to do exercises regularly.
It is impossible to solve all the problems at once.
某些特殊的形式主语结构，依然和动名词连用。
It is no use/good crying over the spilt milk.
易与不定式混淆。
如：pay attention to, look forward to, be/get used to, be related/linked to, be the key to,
be on one’s way to, make contributions to, devote……to, thanks to, in addition to, object
to, prefer……to(仅限至本单元止已学过的动词，后学的请补充)
②尤其关注后接不定式和动名词时，区别很大的动词。
I forgot to return the money to you. 我忘记要还钱给你了。（钱未还）
I forgot returning the money to you. 我忘记已经还过你钱了。（钱已还）
The headmaster have meant to put off the sports meeting. 校长打算推迟运动会。
The heavy rain means putting off the sports meeting. 大雨意味着运动会推迟了。
Tom tried to walk again after his leg was badly hurt.（Tom努力地行走） If you feel too full, you can try walking after a meal. （你可以尝试着走走）
The computer needs repairing. = The computer needs to be repaired.
③有些动词接动名词做宾语，但接不定式做宾补。
I consider buying a computer. I consider computers to be a useful tool of communication.
We don’t allow smoking here, so you are not allowed to smoke here.
Our theatre forbids taking dogs in. We forbid people to take dogs in.
He advised asking our teacher for help. He advised us to ask our teacher for help.
(hear,listen to)，三让
(make, let, have)，六看(see, watch, look at, observe, notice, find)，半帮助(help)。
但改为被动语态时，要将省略的to 补出。
I often hear her sing next door. She is often heard to sing next door.
②很多形容词和名词做宾补的结构可以看作to be 不定式的省略。 Hard work has made him (to be) a great man.
We consider Tom (to be) the cleverest in our class.
③一般不用being done, having been done 做宾补。
如：I often hear the song being sung by them. (×)
注：①区分动名词还是现在分词做表语的一个简单方法——“主表颠倒法”。
②动名词和不定式都可以做表语，解释说明主语的具体内容，但动名词更强调动作的
经常性和习惯性，不定式则侧重于一次具体的行为。
My job is looking after the twins. 我的工作是照顾这对双胞胎。(此人是保姆)
Today my job is to look after the twins. 今天我的任务是照看这对双胞胎。（临时帮忙）
③不定式、现在分词、过去分词做表语的动词用法，适用“解题思路”。
④表达正在进行的被动时，用现在分词的被动形式“being done”做表语。
Many sea creatures are being wiped out by fishing boats.
动作正在进行。
a swimming boy= a boy who is swimming
a swimming pool= a pool which is used for swimming
②非谓语动词做定语可以转化为定语从句，从句中谓语动词与关系词的逻辑关系
和非谓语动词与中心词的逻辑关系完全一致。
a scientist to visit our school = a scientist who will visit our school (即将访问)
a visiting scientist at our school = a scientist who is visiting our school (正在访问)
