2018高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题专题突破

阅读理解词义猜测题高考频度：★★★★★难易程度：★★★★☆1. （2017·浙江卷）Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush wa s made from camel’s hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged （蓬乱）. His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.The cat’s lot was about to improve.That year, one of Benjamin’s cousins, Mr. Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamin’s drawings. W hen he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings （版画） by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old, Mr. Pennington returned for another visit. He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamin’s parents if he might take the boy to Philadelphia for a visit.In the city, Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy began a landscape(风景) painting. William Williams, a well-known painter, came to see him work. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little, having been a poor student. But he later said,＂Those two books were my companions by day, and under my pillow at night.＂While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.21. What is the text mainly about?A. Benjamin’s visit to Philadelphia.B. Williams’ influence on Benjamin.C. The beginning of Benjamin’s life as an artist.D. The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.【文章大意】本文属于记叙文，主要讲了美国绘画之父Benjamin在决定要成为一名画家之前的经历。

主标题：专题 2 阅读理解之猜测词义关键词：阅读理解,猜测词义,上下文推理,语境难度系数：✱✱✱✱推荐指数：✱✱✱✱✱【基础回顾】考点归纳：根据上下文推断生词的词义正确理解文章中单词或短语的含义是理解文章的第一步，也是理解文章的基础，不懂单词含义根本就谈不上理解文章。

但英语单词的含义并非完全等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思，其含义随不同的语境会有所不同。

能根据上下文正确理解灵活变化的词义，才算是真正初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力。

此外，阅读文章时，常常会遇到一些过去未见过的词，但许多这类生词的词义可以通过上下文推断出来。

这种不使用词典而通过阅读上下文来推断生词含义的能力，是一个合格的读者所必须具备的能力，因此也是阅读测试中经常检测的一种能力。

考点1 猜测词义题考点2猜测短语题考点3 猜测指代题考点4 猜测句意题基础必读：高考中词义推断可以是一个单词的意义推断，也可以是一个短语或句子的意义推断，既可以是生词意义，也可以是熟词新意；还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。

在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据短文提供的语境，通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或词组的含义。

A．词义猜测主要的设题方式有：（1）The underlined words "took off " in paragraph 2 mean "_____".（2）What does the underlined word "them" in the last paragraph refer to?（3）The underlined sentence in the second paragraph implies that_______.（4）Which of the definitions is closest in meaning to the word "exotic" in the third paragraph? （5）The underlined phrase " turn his back on" (paragraph 6) most probably mean _______.（6）By saying " We need them yesterday "(paragraph 7), Stover means that snakelike robots _______. B．词义猜测主要的解题策略有：语境猜测、语法猜词和常识猜词。

2018考前冲刺英语Ⅱ专题10 阅读理解词义猜测考情分析词义猜测题主要考查考生根据文章内容和所学知识推测词义的能力，包括考查生词词义和熟词新义，或是一些短语的引申意义或是一句话的含义。

今几年来的高考阅读理解题中，词义猜测类题越来越受到命题者的青睐，如2018年高考试题中，大部分地区的试卷都有词义猜测题，有的地区的一套试卷上甚至出现了2~3道词义猜测题，预计2018年各地高考也将会不同程度地考查考生对词义的理解能力。

要点突破一．词义猜测题常见的命题形式有;1.What does the underlined word “…”mean in the passage?2.The word“...”refer to/probably means . The underlined word “ (i)Paragraph…means .3.What do you think the expression“”stands for?4.“”as used in the passage can best be defined as.二．猜测词义的方法和技巧1.根据定义、解释和复述猜测词义猜测词义的方法很多，其中一条是根据定义或解释来猜测其意义。

这种情况下，生词往往出现在前面，定义或解释往往跟在生词的后面，由or或破折号引出。

生词的意义也就清楚了。

复述也是一种解释方法，即用不同的词语重复表达同一内容。

复述部分可以是单词、短语，也可以是从句或句子。

在做这类题时，要注意复述和被复述部分往往构成同位语关系，在句中多用逗号连接，有时也用破折号、冒号或分号来连接。

有时他们中间还常常插入一个起解释作用的标志语如or，or rather，that is to say，that is，namely，in other words 等来强调这种同位关系。

例：（2018.福建，B 篇）Across the developing world, around 45% of families had a TV in 1995;by 2018 the number had climbed about 60%.That is some way behind the U.S.,where there are more TVs than people, and where people now easily get access to the internet. Five millions more families in Sub-Saharan Africa will get a TV over the next five years.In 2018, after the fall of Taliban, which had outlawed TV,1 in 5 Afghans had one. The global total is another 150 million by 2018-pushing the numbers to well beyond two thirds of families.60.The underlined word “outlawed”in Paragraph 2 probably means“”.A. allowedB. bannedC. offeredD. refused分析;由文意可知，2018年塔利班垮台以后，1／5的啊富汗人有了电视，说明在这之前电视是禁止的。

2017届新课标高考英语阅读理解猜测词意（词义）解题策略高考考情分析解读：词义猜测题是高考阅读理解题中的一种常见的题型。

词义猜测可以是对一个单词的意义推断，也可以是对一个短语或一个句子的意义推断，既可以是生词生义，也可以是熟词新义，还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。

通过对近年新课标全国卷分析统计来看，词义猜测题一般有1－2题。

考查相对比较稳定，但难度略有增加，需要在复杂的句式中通过上下文综合分析才能得出答案。

在词义猜测题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据短文提供的语境，通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或词组的含义。

2016年全国卷设问形式例子：(1)What does the underlined word “downside”in Paragraph 4 probably mean？(2016年课标全国卷Ⅱ)(2)What does the underline phrase “a pipe dream”in Paragraph 3 mean？(2016年课标全国卷Ⅲ)(3)What does the word “contributions”in the last paragraph refer to？(2015年课标全国卷Ⅰ)常见的命题形式有：The underlined word in the second paragraph means “________”．Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the last paragraph?The underlined word “________”in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “________”．What does the phrase “________”in Paragraph 1 mean?本学案结构：代词指代猜测题目句子猜测句意题目附：典故谚语知识储备单词或短语意思猜测题该题型着重考查考生根据上下文猜测词义的能力，这也是一个从“已知”得出“未知”的过程，即利用上下文的已知部分(尤其是该词或短语前后的句子)进行推理，有时还需要依靠常识和经验来猜测词义。

第二讲词义猜测题题型1 猜测单词类[示例] (2016·全国卷Ⅱ，B)Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time. His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. I was delighted at the presence of such a student. Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students.Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare，“But I’m just not creative.”27．What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Mistake. B．Drawback.C．Difficulty. D．Burden.[解题思路]第一步阅读文章，在画线词前后找出相关信息词①Encouraging__this__kind__of__thinking__has__a__downside.②I__ran__the__risk__of__losing__those__students__who__had__a__different__style__of__thi nking.第二步对比信息词与选项，找出符合题干要求的选项尝试解答____B____[答题技巧]1．识别题干关键(1)The underlined word...probably means____________．(2)Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word...?2．“文中信息”巧利用(1)同义或定义解释法。

题型突破(九)词义猜测之单词或短语猜测题A(2017·亭湖高中检测)French tourist outsmarts Dutch thiefAMSTERDAM—A quick-thinking French tourist outsmarted a Dutch thief after the thief tried to seize his bag，Amsterdam police said Wednesday.After winning a brief tug-of-war over the sports bag，the 27-year-old tourist ran into a nearby police station with the thief in hot pursuit.The thief “realized too late he had run straight into ‘the long arm of the law’，” police spokeswoman Wilma Verheij said of the incident，which took place Tuesday.After it dawned on the thief，a 28-year-old man whose identity was not released，that he was in the middle of a police station，he tried to run away again.But he was quickly caught by officers and arrested，Verheij said.Liz Taylor remains hospitalizedLOS ANGELES—Heart trouble is keeping Elizabeth Taylor hospitalized in Los Angeles for some time，but her publicist says the 78-year-old actress is OK and has been visiting with family and friends.Taylor’s spokeswoman Sally Morrison said in a statement Tuesday that the two-time Oscar winner is comfortable at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and “there has been steady improvement in her condition” since she was admitted last week.Taylor is being treated for symptoms of heart failure，a condition she revealed in November 2004.“Her medical team is satisfied with her progress to date，and it is hoped and expected that this will continue over the next few days.For now，she will remain under their care in the hospital for continued monitoring，”Morrison said.“Friends and fans around the world should be convinced that Elizabeth Taylor is in good hands and receiving the best possible care from her skilled and devoted doctors and nurses.”Morrison described Taylor’s condition as stable but offered no other details.Japan halts(暂停) whale hunt after chase by protestersTOKYO—Japan has halted its annual Antarctic whale hunt following protests from a campaign group.Activists from the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society，a US-based environmental group，have been chasing the Japanese fishing ship.Commercial whaling was banned in 1986 but Japan uses a regulation permitting hunting for scientific research.Iceland and Norway have claimed official objections to the ban and continue to hunt commercially.“Putting safety as a priority，the ship has halted scientific whaling for now.We are currently considering what to do，” Tatsuya Nakaoku，an official at the fisheries agency，told Reuters news agency.The Sea Shepherd Conservation Society says one of its boats has been blocking the ship loading ramp(斜梯)，preventing any hunted whales from being loaded on to the ship.“Every whale saved is a victory to us，so we’ve gotten a lot of victories down here this year，” Sea Shepherd captain Paul Watson told Reuters news agency by satellite phone from the Steve Irwin ship.1．The underlined part “the long arm of the law” refers to in Amsterdam.A．a travel agency B．a policemanC．a police station D．a police spokeswoman答案 C解析词义猜测题。

词义猜测题【题型突破】词义猜测题有逐渐增加的趋势，尤其是猜测词组、句意题。

因为猜测词组、句意题涉及题材背景、句子结构、文章主旨、作者的观点/态度等。

联系文章主旨、整合上下文信息是解答这类题的关键。

近几年命题者着重考查考生利用同义或反义关系、构词法、语法和语篇文脉等理解生词的能力。

【命题方式】1.The word/phrase＂…＂in the passage means _________.2.The word/phrase＂…＂can be best replaced by _________.3. Which of the following is nearest/closest in meaning to _________?4.The word/phrase＂…＂probably refers to _________.5.What does the underlined word/phrase＂…＂in the passage mean?词义猜测题要根据词、词组、句子所在的上下文语境来判断其意义，我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境主观臆断。

熟练以下猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。

Passage1（2017·新课标卷I，D）A build-it-yourself solar still（蒸馏器） is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it’s an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it’s all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5＇ 5＇ sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container — perhaps just a drinking cup — to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher’s productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体) with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground waterevaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and won’t have to break down the still every time you need a drink.32. What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?A. It’s delicate.B. It’s expensive.C. It’s complex. .D. It’s portable.33. What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer t o?A. The tube.B. The still.C. The hole.D. The cup.34. What’s the last step of constructing a working solar still?A. Dig a hole of a certain size.B. Put the cup in place.C. We ight the sheet’s center down.D. Cover the hole with the plastic sheet.35. When a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup from .A. the plastic tubeB. outside the holeC. the open airD. beneath the sheet33.B 【解析】词义猜测题。

专题15 瞻前顾后阅读理解之词义猜测与细节理解【2018年考纲解读】词义猜测题着重考查考生根据上下文猜测词义的能力，这也是一个从“已知”得出“未知”的过程，即利用上下文的已知部分(尤其是该词或短语前后的句子)进行推理，有时还需要依靠常识和经验来猜测词义。

考查范围涉及单词意义理解、短语意义理解、句子意义理解或代词指代对象的确定等。

【题型示例】题型一词义猜测【题型特点】词义猜测题常见设问方式1．(1)What does the underlined word mean in the...?(2)The word “...” probably refers to...其中均含有word or underlined word。

2．(1)The term/sentence in... can be replaced by...(2)What does the underlined phrase/sentence mean in the last paragraph?【方法技巧】“一原则”、“二关注”速解词义猜测题一原则结合上下文词义猜测题所提问的单词、词组或句子一般都是考生不认识的，即使认识，正确答案也未必是熟悉的含义。

这种题目目的就是希望考生能结合上下文，来理解不认识的单词、词组或句子。

二关注关注并列转折部分这是做词义猜测题的一大利器。

因为由并列转折连接的两部分会存在语义含义和成分的对应。

所以如果有一个单词不认识，就可以在与其并列或转折部分的信息中找对应信息。

关注解释说明部分分析试题可以发现，其实出题者在出一些词义猜测题的时候也是动了恻隐之心的。

会在晦涩难懂的信息附近存在一个解释说明部分，解释说明部分的标志有逗号、冒号、破折号、双引号等。

Capital City Bike Tour In Washington, D.C.Duration:3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D. C. newcomers and local s looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most ,interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线）make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours(7miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as your bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21. Which tour do you need to book in advance?A. Cherry Blossom like Tour in Washington, D.C.B. Washington capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D. C.D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A. Meet famous people.B. Go to a national park.C. Visit well-known museums.D. Enjoy interesting stories.23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A. City maps.B. Cameras.C. MealsD. Safety lights【答案】21. A 22. D 23. D【解析】本文是一篇广告应用文。

题型突破(十一)文章结构之篇章结构题A(2017·盐城三模)One of the most popular English-language novels of the 20th century is almost unknown in the English-speaking world—a global phenomenon in translation，now neglected in its original form.The Gadfly，by Irish writer Ethel V oynich，was sold over 5 million copies in 107 editions in the 22 languages spoken in the Soviet Union.The book inspired seven musical adaptations，five theatre adaptations，and five film adaptations.V oynich’s novel is a thrilling account of revolutionary enthusiasm，religious devotion，clerical betrayal and romantic love—the philosopher Bertrand Russell called it “one of the most exciting novels I have read”．It was published in New York in 1897，two years after its completion，as its English publisher feared a negative reaction—one reviewer criticized the book’s “shocking and horrible character”．A translation appeared the following year in Russia，where the tsarist(沙皇) authorities’ disapproval only enhanced its popularity.The Gadfly is set in Italy during the revolutionary unrest of the 1830s and 40s.The hero is a young Englishman，Arthur Burton，who moves to a Catholic seminary(神学院) after the death of his mother.There he becomes devoted to his guardian and mentor Montanelli，who，unknown to him，is also his biological father.In the company of his childhood sweetheart Gemma，Arthur becomes involved in the Young Italy movement fighting Austrian imperial rule.But he unconsciously betrays his comrades，after his private confession(忏悔) is relayed to the police.He then discovers his family secret，and loses all faith in the church.Arthur pretends his suicide and escapes to South America，where he endures years of suffering.He returns to Italy in the guise of “The Gadfly”，a fearless and respected revolutionary whose true identity is masked.After his capture，he is visited by Montanelli，now a cardinal(红衣主教)，who offers him a lifeline.But Arthur，unforgiving and uncompromising，demands that his father reject the church.Montanelli refuses and condemns his son to death.Arthur，now a Christ-like figure，commands his own death penalty.At the Corpus Christi mass，Montanelli dies of a broken heart.①.The novel gained popularity initially in Ireland.Yet it was in the newly-created Communist states of the Soviet Union and China that the book found its most dedicated readership.Arthur，a Romantic tragic hero，was repeatedly voted Russia’s most popular literary figure，and astronauts Yuri Gagarin and Valentina Tereshkova，the first man and woman in space，credited its influence.② .In the 1930s，The Gadfly inspired another bestseller.Nikolai Ostrovsky’s Ho w the Steel Was Tempered sold 35 million copies in the Soviet Union.Ostrovsky’s socialist realist novel features a fearless young communist who suffers dreadfully for his sacrifices，but finds permanent strength in the example of The Gadfly，which he reads to his fellow comrades.Voynich’s novel was reinforced further by a 1955 film adaptation directed by Aleksandr Faintsimmer.It sold 39 million tickets.③ .Ethel V oynich had been living unknown to the public.And due to Soviet copyright laws，she was unaware of her legendary status in Russia.In 1956，Democratic presidential candidate Adlai Stevenson visited Moscow to arrange for payment of her long-overdue royalties(版权费)．When Ethel died in 1960，she was mourned in Russia as a national hero.④ .Arthur offers a “careful balance of emotion with steely determination”—he is a lover and a fighter，which can be seen in the “Knight-errant”(侠客) of traditional Chinese folklore.In the UK，The Gadfly remains out of print and almost unknown，yet around the world readers and writers still revere its author，just as DH Lawrence，Rebecca West and Friedrich Engels once did.With its rich religious imagery and stirring revolutionary themes，The Gadfly has a lasting appeal for lovers of historical fiction，and deserves to be rediscovered in its original language.1．What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?A．The background of the novel.B．Its popularity in the Soviet Union.C．An abnormal phenomenon in translation.D．The artistic achievement of the novel.答案 B解析段落大意题。

2018高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题专题突破Step1猜测词义常见设问方式1.Which of the following is the nearest in meaning to “’’？2.What does the author probably mean by “’’?in the contest means _____.3.The word “’’4.The term can be best replaced by _____.probably refers to ____.5.The word “’’refers to ______.6.As used in the line … the word “’’7.According to the passage, the word “’’is known as_____.to refer to ____8.The passage use the word “’’means____.9.According to the author, the underlined word “’’10.From the context/ passage, we can infer that the word “’’means _____.在词义猜测题中，有些词汇并非生词，只需要根据上下文去推测它应在文章中的具体含义，或找出其指代对象。

做这类题，应仔细阅读出现该词的上下文，文章中往往会对这类词或短语进行重复解释或概括归纳。

因此答案往往可从文章中找出或推测出。

Step2. 方法探究1. Charlotte’s tale was inspired by the girls’ coin collection. “We’ve collected foreign coins foryears-since our families went on holiday to Tenerife,”she explains. “That was before the Euro, so we put pesetas in.”The underlined word “pesetas” in Paragraph 2 is a kind of _______.A. storyB. collectionC. inspirationD. foreign coin2. Today when many tend to worry more about their own happiness, Houng’s deeds remind usof what we usually neglect: love and care for others. Without these, none of us could survive.Houng turned down donations from others. He said he felt encouraged by kind offers, but he could depend on his own work.The underlined word “donation” in Para.3 probably means ______.A. invitation to give a speechB. something, especially given to help othersC. questions asked by interviewersD. chances to be a hero【思考归纳】这两道题你是如何得出答案的？从中你有什么启发和收获？跟大家分享一下。

（江苏专版）2018年高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题三阅读理解专题限时检测（二十一）阅读理解词义猜测类之单词意义猜测题编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（（江苏专版）2018年高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题三阅读理解专题限时检测（二十一）阅读理解词义猜测类之单词意义猜测题）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。

同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。

本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为（江苏专版）2018年高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题三阅读理解专题限时检测（二十一）阅读理解词义猜测类之单词意义猜测题的全部内容。

专题限时检测（二十一）阅读理解词义猜测类之单词意义猜测题（加★的为单词意义猜测题，本卷限时23分钟）A(2017·南京市四校联考)As seniors in co llege looking forward to life’s next goals — graduation and employment — it is important to have a sense of feeling important。

Every time I look through job listings, there is a small, and sometimes not so small current running through my mind， spitting out little charges that are meant to stop me from even applying。

The charges come in the form of words that seem to shout out like “It is not even worth trying！” or “Laugh out loud and look as if you were a qualified man 。

猜测词义本类考题解答锦囊英语的一个显著特点是它庞大的词汇数量。

即使一个拥有上万单词量的人在阅读英语读物中也难免会遇到生词。

如果每遇到生词，就查阅词典，不但会降低阅读速度，而且往往使阅读变得索然无味。

据调查，影响人们阅读理解的，首先是词汇。

因此学习并掌握一些猜测生词词义的方法，对排除阅读时某些生词的干扰，降低生词率是十分必要的。

任何一个买词，只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一个确定的词义。

NMET阅读理解中猜测词义的考查内容既可以是文中的生词，也可以是熟词新义、短语或句子。

但都要求考生根据上下文线索(即具体语境)作出推断。

此类题的提问形式一般有：1. Which of the following is nearest/closest in meaning to"... "?2. The underlined word, means_______.3. The underlined phrase, means_______.4. Theun derlined sentence,means_______.利用上下文的提示猜测词义的方法有如下几种：1.根据定义或解释猜测词义【例题】(1)A calendar is a list of the days,weeks,months of a particular year.根据定义, calendar 的意思是日历.。

(2)A biography is the story of a person's life written by someone else 根据定义，biography 的意思是凡别人写的生平叫做传记。

(3)Some writers are no longer writing about the modern values of the USA--money, Success or expensive things to buy.2.破折号后而的内容是对 value 一词的具体解释。

秘籍17 词义猜测题词义猜测是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考中必考的题型。

它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。

考生应学会通过构词、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义及上下文线索等确定词义。

【命题趋势】1.要求根据阅读材料所提供的信息，结合中学生应有的常识和经验，正确判断生词词组的含义或成熟词在特定语境中表达的具体含义以及一些句子的意思。

2.要求猜测词义的词一般为实词及其词组，通过构词、定义、对比、因果、联想、上下文等线索确定词义的具体内容。

3.代词复指理解题也是猜测词义的常考类型。

用＂逻辑关系梳理法＂、＂递向寻踪法＂理清人物及事物之间的逻辑关系是关键所在。

【设问形式】1. The underlined word ＂…＂in the second(third…) paragraph refers to(means) ______.2. By saying that ＂…＂in the first(second…) paragraph, the author means that ______.3. I n paragraph …, ＂…＂ can be replaced by ＂______＂.4. The meaning of ＂…＂in paragraph… is related to ______.5. Which of the following has the closest meaning to…(paragraph…)?6. The underlined sentence in the … paragraph probably means that _____.对此类试题，考生应该进行大胆猜测，但这种猜测不是胡乱的，盲目的，而是有一定的方法和技巧。

下面介绍几种常见的猜测词义的方法供同学们加以运用。

一、相似法：利用同义词、近义词（词组）或相似的结构猜测词义。

2018年高考阅读理解词义猜测题解题技巧respected schools tend to have good jobsC poor children with certificates are favoured in job marketsD children attending ordinary schools achieve great success【解析】B。

请看原Without examinations, employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools and from families known to them—a form of favourtism will replace equality破折号后的句子是对前面进行解释说明的，二者是同位关系，因此要猜测favourtism的意思可从前面句子的意思入手。

答案为B。

3、根据构词法（合成、派生、转化等）进行猜测在英语中，有很多词可以在前面加前缀，在后面加后缀，从而构成一个词，乍看起，这个词可能是新词，但掌握了一定的构词知识，就不难猜出它的词义。

例如“Our parties are aimed for children 2 to 10,” Anaclerio said, “and they’re very interactive and creative in that they built a sense of drama based on a subject”中interactive是由前缀inter-(相互的)和active（活动的，活跃的）而构成的，同时根据上下的意思可以判断，该词的含义应是“互动的”。

Perhaps, we can see some possibilities for next fifty years But the next hundred?possibility 是possible 的同根名词，据此可以判断定possibility 意思是“可能性”。