高考英语一轮复习 Unit 2 The environment课时跟踪检测B卷(必修5)

1 The environment 课时跟踪检测B卷 Ⅰ.完形填空 (2015·扬州中学高三4月检测)Thanks to a combination of young businessmen, large numbers of university students and revitalization (新生) efforts by the local and national governments, today’s Nanjing has an __1__ of youthful exuberance (繁茂) that would have been __2__only a few decades ago.__3__， the city, a booming city of 6. 5 million on the banks of the Yangtze River some 185 miles west of Shanghai, bears __4__resemblance to the former capital of China that suffered the worst cruelty and violence of World War Ⅱ. __5__Nanjing has shown a remarkable capacity for reinvention during its 2,500­year history. And in recent years, the city has moved __6__its tragic past to become a vital engine of China’s economic growth, thanks __7__to its position in the middle of China’s prosperous eastern seaboard. Growth has also __8__thanks to improved ground transportation: A new bullet train linking Nanjing and Shanghai started service last year，__9__travel time between the cities from several hours to just 75 minutes, and a Beijing­Shanghai high­speed line is __10__to open later this year, with a stop in Nanjing. Within the city, two metro lines were built in the last few years; 15 more are planned to begin service by 2030. Signs of Nanjing’s __11__wealth and optimism can be seen everywhere. In the heart of the downtown Xinjiekou district, a bronze statue of Sun Yat­sen，__12__the father of modern China, looks __13__over a busy __14__area. There is perhaps no more __15__symbol of the city’s transformation than the Zifeng Tower, a 1,480­foot skyscraper that opened its doors last May.__16__offices, restaurants and an InterContinental hotel, the tower is the second tallest building in China and billed as the seventh tallest in the world. Underlying all this development is a large Chinese and __17__student population — there are several major universities, plus a branch of Johns Hopkins’s international studies school. In fact，art and music __18__in all sorts of places. On a larger __19__， local government officials and private investors are pushing the city as a rising center for contemporary art and architecture, hoping to attract __20__ from the neon­bathed streets of its neighbor Shanghai. 1．A.advance B．affection C．air D．ability 2．A.unforgettable B．unthinkable C．unbearable D．unnecessary 2

3．A.Actually B．Regretfully C．Hopefully D．Consequently 4．A.close B．slight C．much D．little 5．A.Because B．But C．As D．Since 6．A.beyond B．on C．off D．out 7．A.in addition B．in all C．in part D．in fact 8．A.started B．enlarged C．existed D．accelerated 9．A.removing B．cutting C．dividing D．lowering 10．A.scheduled B．invented C．desired D．meant 11．A.attractive B．well­received C．newfound D．discovered 12．A.thought B．treated C．considered D．elected 13．A.out B．at C．about D．for 14．A.remote B．regional C．rural D．commercial 15．A.universal B．visible C．traditional D．political 16．A.Keeping B．Consisting C．Opening D．Housing 17．A.British B．western C．American D．foreign 18．A.spring up B．stand up C．set up D．keep up 19．A.extent B．degree C．scale D．level 3

20．A.businessmen B．students C．tourists D．painters Ⅱ.阅读理解 (2015·泰州高三调研)Grasshoppers are having to change their song — one of the iconic sounds of summer — to make themselves heard above the noise of road traffic, ecologists have discovered.The study, published in the British Ecological Society’s journal Functional Ecology, is the first to show that human­made noise affects natural insect

populations.Animals use sound to communicate for many reasons, including marking out territory, warning of predators and finding mates, and although previous research shows birds, whales and even frogs change their calls in noisy environments, the impact of human­made noise on insects has been neglected until now.Ulrike Lampe and colleagues from the University of Bielefeld in Germany caught 188 male bow­winged grasshoppers, half from quiet locations and half from beside busy roads.The grasshoppers use their song to attract mates. ]The team then studied the differences in the two groups’ songs in the laboratory.To encourage them to sing they exposed the males to a female grasshopper, and then recorded their courtship songs.Analysis of almost 1,000 recordings revealed grasshoppers living beside noisy roads produced different songs to those living in quieter locations. According to Lampe，“Bow­winged grasshoppers produce songs that include low and high frequency components.We found that grasshoppers from noisy habitats increase the volume of the lower­frequency part of their song，which makes sense since road noise can mask signals in this part of the frequency spectrum (频谱)．” The team’s findings are important because traffic noise could be upsetting the grasshopper’s mating system (交配系统)．“Increased noise levels could affect grasshopper courtship in several ways.It could prevent females from hearing male courtship songs properly, prevent females from recognising males of their own species, or impair females’ ability to estimate how attractive a male is from his song，” Lampe explains. Having discovered that human­made noise affects insect communication，the researchers now want to learn more about how the mechanism works, and whether the grasshoppers adapt to noise during their development as larvae (幼虫), or whether males from noisy habitats produce different songs due to genetic differences. The bow­winged grasshopper is a common species in Central Europe. Adults occur mainly between July and September, preferring dry grasslands.Around 1.5 cm long, they vary in