Jason Daida工程导论课程 课件 100lect04-Spr09o

In the news
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In the news
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“$5 Solar Powered Kyoto Box Wins [$75,000] Climate Change Challenge,” 9 April 2009, Fastcompany
“Prize for ‘Sun in the Box’ Cooker,” 9 April 2009, BBC
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Example
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Example
Concretization and Abstraction
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The Trick…
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Abstraction highlights certain attributes of concrete entity
… is in deciding a level of abstraction / concretization that’s useful
Carry Out The Plan
Define Stated Problem
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Each “frame” has its own (self-consistent) set of assumptions
Plan a Solution
/blog/ariel-schwartz/sustainability/kyoto-box-wins-climate-change-challenge
/1/hi/sci/tech/7991654.stm
Why it matters
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You’ll need both sets of information to do the Assignments T-1 and I-1 Today
–! Technical: Open-Ended Problem Solving Part II A –! Technical Communication: Introduction
“Reducing reliance on firewood reduces deforestation, but also improves the health and wellbeing of villagers who do not have to trek for miles collecting the increasingly scarce wood nor spend hours inhaling wood smoke, a major cause of respiratory disease. “What impressed the judges about the Kyoto Box was the potential for production to be scaled up significantly in a number of developing countries. “
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Preview
We continue our examination of what it means to be in the room “Exploring: Creating an Internal Map of a Problem.” We’ll specifically cover other techniques for concretization and abstraction.
–! –! –! –! What details do I keep? What details do I throw out? What assumptions am I making? Are my assumptions correct?
Evaluate Check & Look Back
Engage
The inventor, a Norwegian expat living in Kenya, named the box after the Kyoto Protocol. In a nod to the Kyoto Protocol, the inventor hopes that the money from carbon credits from this devices would be re-invested into the manufacture of this device.
Specific Suggestions
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Specific suggestions have included:
–! Paying particularly close attention to assumptions used by listing assumptions –! Changing the frame of reference –! Comparing / testing assumptions between different frames
–! To give definite form –! To make tangible
Act of considering something as a general quality or characteristic
–! Is apart from concrete realities –! Is apart from specific objects –! Is apart from actual instances
Joseph Kosuth, One and Three Chairs, 1965.
The Trick…
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How we go about deciding a level of abstraction / concretization that’s useful will be covered in the next lecture…
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Pending
–! Assignment I-1
•! Most of the previous reports are now on Sakai
/blog/ariel-schwartz/sustainability/kyoto-box-wins-climate-change-challenge
Where we left off…
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Frames
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We were specifically looking at the “room” called “Exploring: Creating an Internal Idea of a Problem”
Sub-problems can be generated and organized by a way of a “frame,” a way of looking and perceiving a problem
•! Change the representation of a problem
–! Taking mental breaks –! Literally breaking things to understand the relationship between various parts of a whole –! Keeping oriented in the milieu of solving a problem by using MPS-6
–! Black boxes –! Component Relationship Diagrams –! Concept Maps
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Conclusions

Concretization
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Abstraction
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To make concrete, real, or particular
•! Due date: 2009 June 16 •! Only two more labs periods to work on this because of the course simulation
“$5 Solar Powered Kyoto Box Wins [$75,000] Climate Change Challenge,” 9 April 2009, Fastcompany
Lectures 4 & 5
Things
Making
Open-Ended Problem Solving II
Announcements
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Today starts the split-lecture schedule
–! First half: technical –! Second half: technical communications
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Well, your lab project involves a solar oven…
Short Review of Previous Lectures Changing Frame of Reference Methods of Managing Detail When Exploring
Standard Disclaimer: These lecture notes are provided as a SERVICE to you to help you study for this class. At no time are we obligated to provide notes for every lecture. Understand that these notes are NOT a replacement for either coming to lecture or for the class readings. Indeed, these notes represent only a PARTIAL SET, which means it's up to you to attend class (or to find someone else's notes) to fill in the SUBSTANTIAL fraction of the lecture that has been left out of these notes. Indeed, these notes may represent only a draft and may be based on last term's lectures (which may or may not be repeated in their entirety for this term.) If it turns out that attendance to the class drops below 80%, we reserve the right to reduce the amount of content in these notes. If it turns out that attendance to the class drops below 80%, we also reserve the right to discontinue the distribution of these notes either before or after lecture. Copyright: © 2009, Jason M Daida. All Rights Reserved.