2018年专业英语四级语法题详解
11. The Bent Pyramid outside Cairo ______ ancient Egypt’s first attempt to build a
smooth-sided pyramid.
A. has been believed to have been
B. was believed to be
C. is believed to have been
D. is believed to be
选[C]。
译文：有人认为开罗外面的Bent金字塔是古埃及第一次尝试修建的边角光滑的金字塔。
解释：“开罗外面的Bent金字塔”意指，是否是“第一次”，是现在研究的结果，没有表过去的标记或上文，不选B；也不是过去研究对现在产生的结果或延续到现在，不选A；金字塔已经修成，在人们的看法之前，不选D。
相似例句：He is said to have been invited.
They are said to have taught chimpanzees to use human language.
The four men are widely believed to have been killed by their captors.
12. U.S. News _____ rankings of colleges since 1983. They are a very popular
resource for students looking to apply to a university campus.
A. maintains
B. is maintaining
C. maintained
D. has been maintaining
选[D].
译文：《美国新闻和世界报道》自1983年以来，一直稳居众多大学阅读的排行榜上。它们是在校大学生获取信息的很受欢迎的渠道。
解释：“1983年以来”，多用完成体（have +ved）,到现在还有影响，还可能会持续下去，要用进行体（Be+ving）,两相结合为: Have +been+Ving.
13. He was lured into a crime he would not _____ have committed.
A. actually
B. accidentally
C. otherwise
D. seldom
选[C].
译文：他被引诱，结果犯了他本来不会犯的罪。
解释：“他受到引诱，犯了罪。否则（如果不是收到诱惑），他是不会烦犯的”。隐含“虚拟语气”。Actually，事实上，实际上，竟；accidentally，偶然地，意外地，不是故意地；otherwise，否则，不然；seldom，很少，罕见，几乎不。
14. She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard and a view of
______ mountains behind the apple orchard.
A. blue hazy Virginia
B. hazy blue Virginia
C. Virginia hazy blue
D. Virginia blue hazy
选[B].
译文：她曾是个乡村少妇，后院养着一些鸡，不时瞭望着苹果园后远处的弗吉尼亚群山，薄雾缭绕，湛蓝湛蓝的。
解释：这句选自英语专业阅读教程的原句：John Steinbeck的The Chrysanthemums.这里考的是多个形容词修饰名词，形容词排序的问题，和汉语有很大差别，如本句的a young country wife，可译成“一位年轻的村妇”或“一个乡村少妇”。形容词排序：限定（多个限定词，按前+中+后位排序）a+
描绘hazy+新旧大小高低颜色blue+出处材料国别Virginia+名词中心词mountains。
15. I long to alleviate _____, but I cannot.
A. the evil
B. evil
C. evils
D. an evil
选[A].
译文：我渴望摆脱这种邪恶，但却办不到。
解释：这里考冠词的用法。Evil，恶，罪恶，邪恶，坏事，;恶行（不可数）；坏事，恶行，祸害，灾难，弊病，不幸（可数）。不可数是泛指，“但却办不到”，不选B；Evils指很多或某一类，也不确定，“但却办不到”，不选C; an evil指某一个或某一类，也不确定，和后文不符合，不选D. 定冠词the 的照应原则是前照应，后照应，语境照应，固定搭配，这里是语境照应，说话人和听话人都明白，是哪种evil，选A.
16. Indeed, it is arguable that body shattering is the very point of football, as killing
and maiming _____.
A. war
B. are war
C. of war
D. are of war
选[D].
译文：事实上，有证据表明，足球遭人诟病的是身体伤害，正如战争带来的是杀戮和伤残。
解释：后一句同前面，省略了the very point。完整的是as killing and maiming are the very point of war。
17. At _____, photography is a chemical process, during which a light-sensitive
material is altered when exposed to light.
A. its most basic
B. its basic
C. the most basic
D. the basic
选[A].
译文：就其基本原理，摄影是一个化学处理过程：当感光材料接触光后，进行了化学反应。
解释：基本原理有所指，指photography，代词前照应，必须用its，排除CD; 这里是指，在很大程度上，但不是全部，需要most, 故选A. A也可转换成at the most basic of the photography, 但后面就应该改为 it is a chemical process, 这时，定冠词是前照应，it 是后照应。
18. She hired a lawyer to investigate, only to learn that Gabriel had removed her name
from the dead. The infinitive verb phrase “only to learn” is used _____.
A. to express an intended purpose
B. to indicate a high degree possibility
C. to reveal an undesirable consequence
D. to dramatize a stated fact
选[C].
译文：她请了个律师来调查，结果发现加百利已经把她的名字从死者名单中删除。
解释：不定式和主句之间用逗号隔开，都表结果。A表目的；B表极大的可能性，C表出乎意料的结果；D使确定的实事戏剧化。
19. Which of the following italicized words DOES NOT carry the metaphorical
meaning?
A. I wonder what’s behind this change of plan.
B. Jim turned to speak to the person standing behind him.
C. This work should have been finished yesterday. I’m getting terribly behind.
D. I suppose I’m lucky because my parents were behind me all the way.
选[B].
解释：A,计划改变背后隐藏着什么；B,站在他后面的人；C,这项工作本应该在昨天完成。我离完成还有很大距离。D，因为我父母过去一直在支持我。只有B不是隐喻。
20. My mother was determined to help those in need and she would have been
immensely proud of what has been achieved these last 20 years. The italicized part in the sentence expresses ______.
A. a hypothesis （假设）
B. a suggestion（建议）
C. a contradiction (相反，矛盾)
D. a surprise（惊讶）
选[C].
译文：我母亲曾下决心去帮助那些需要帮助的人。她本会对她过去20年所取得的成效感到无比的自豪。
解释：她过去决定（was determined），但现在放弃；她过去20年所取得的成效（what has been achieved），从过去到现在，成效有还是没有，这里是处于中性，可能有，也可能没有。从上下文看，是没有成效。即，如果过去20年的努力没有徒劳，她会感到自豪（she would have been immensely proud）（与已经发生的实事相反）。也即，她徒劳，她不自豪，与期望不一致。选C.
2018年6月份，英语四级真题答案（完整版）四级听力理解答案 听力新闻第1套 1. A) The return of a bottled message to its owner’s daughter. 2. B) She wanted to honor her father's promise. 3. B) Several cases of Zika disease had been identified. 4. C) It lost a huge stock of bees. 5. A) It stayed in the air for about two hours. 6. C) Inadequate funding. 7. D) It is more environmentally friendly. 听力新闻第2套 1. B) Scared. 2. D) It was covered with large scales. 3. A) A Study of the fast-food service. 4. C) Increased variety of products. 5. C) US government's approval of private space missions. 6. A) Deliver scientific equipment to the moon. 7. B) It is promising.
听力长对话第1套 8. A) It seems a depressing topic. 9. D) They can't make it to the theatre in time. 10. C) It is the most amusing show he has ever watched. 11. B) Go and see the dance. 12. D) She worries she won't fit in as a transfer student. 13. C) Participate in after-school activities. 14. A) Give her help whenever she needs it. 15. D) She has just transferred to the college. 听力长对话第2套 8. D) Lying in the sun on a Thai beach. 9. A) She visited a Thai orphanage. 10. D) His phone is running out of power. 11. C) He collects things from different countries. 12. D) Trying out a new gym in town. 13. C) A discount for a half-year membership. 14. D) The operation of fitness equipment. 15. C) She knows the basics of weight-lifting. 听力篇章第1套 16. B) To find out which physical drive is the most powerful.
2018年6月大学英语四级真题（第2套) Part I Writing （30 minutes） Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a shor t essay on the importance of writing ability and how to develop it.You should write at l east 120 words but no more than180 words. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the q uestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just hear d. 1. A) Annoyed. B) Scared. C) Confused. D) Offended. 2. A) It crawled over the woman's hands. B) It wound up on the steering wheel. C) It was killed by the police on the spot. D) It was covered with large scales. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just hear d. 3. A) A study of the fast-food service. B) Fast food customer satisfaction. C) McDonald's new business strategies. D) Competition in the fast-food industry. 4. A) Customers' higher demands. B) The inefficiency of employees.
2018年6月大学英语四级真题（第1套) Part?I? Writing? （30?minutes） Directions:?For?this?part,?you?are?allowed?30minutes?to?write?a?short?essay?on? the?importance of?reading?ability?and?how?to?develop?it.?You?should?write?at?least?120?wor ds?but?no?more?than180?words. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Part?II ?Listening?Comprehension? (25?minutes) Section?A Directions:?In?this?section,?you?will?hear?three news?reports.?At?the?end?of?each?news?report,?you will?hear?two?or?three?questions.?Both?the?news?report?and?the?questions?wil l?be?spoken?only once.?After?you?hear?a?question,?you?must?choose?the?best?answer?from?the?fo ur?choices marked?A),?B),?C)?and?D).?Then?mark?the?corresponding?letter?on?Answer?Sheet ?1?with?a single?line?through?the?centre. Questions?1?and?2?are?based?on?the?news?report?you?have?just?heard. 1.A)?The?return?of?a?bottled?message?to?its?owner's?daughter. B)?A?New?Hampshire?man's?joke?with?friends?on?his?wife. C)?A?father's?message?for?his?daughter. D)?The?history?of?a?century-old?motel. 2.?A)?She?wanted?to?show?gratitude?for?his?kindness. B)?She?wanted?to?honor?her?father's?promise. C)?She?had?been?asked?by?her?father?to?do?so. D)?She?was?excited?to?see?her?father's?handwriting. Questions?3?and?4?are?based?on?the?news?report?you?have?just?heard. 3.?A)?People?were?concerned?about?the?number?of?bees. B)?Several?cases?of?Zika?disease?had?been?identified. C)?Two?million?bees?were?infected?with?disease. D)?Zika?virus?had?destroyed?some?bee?farms. 4.?A)?It?apologized?to?its?customers.? B)?It?was?forced?to?kill?its?bees. C)?It?lost?a?huge?stock?of?bees. D)?It?lost??million?dollars.
2018年12月大学英语四级真题完整版（第1套） Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of starting a career after graduation.You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words. PartⅡ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and then questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. A) A man was pulled to safety after a building collapse. B) A beam about ten feet long collapsed to the ground C) A rescue worker got trapped in the basement D) A deserted 100-year-old building caught fire 2. A)He suffered a fatal injury in an accident. B) He once served in a fire department. C) He was collecting building materials. D) He moved into his neighbor's old house. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3. A) Improve the maths skills of high school teachers. B) Change British people’s negative view of maths C) Help British people understand their paychecks. D) Launch a campaign to promote maths teaching. 4. A) Children take maths courses at an earlier age. B) The public sees the value of maths in their life. C) British people know how to do elementary calculations D) Primary school teachers understand basic maths concepts. Questions 5 and 6 are based on the news report you have just heard. 5. A) He owns a fleet of aircraft. B) He is learning to be a pilot.
2018年12月大学英语四级真题完整版（第3套） Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of studying abroad. You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words. PartⅡ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once． Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage. Have you ever used email to apologize to a colleague?Delivered a 26 to a subordinate (下属) with a voice-mail message? Flown by plane across the country just to deliver important news in person? The various communication options at our fingertips today can be good for 27 and productivity---and at the same time very troublesome. With so many ways to communicate, how should a manager choose the one that’s best --- 28
2018年12月大学英语四级真题及答案 第一部分写作 2018年12月大学英语四级考试写作真题(第1套) 2018年12月英语四级真题写作范文(出国留学的挑战) 【作文一参考范文】 It is well known that due to the booming economy and increasing family income, studying abroad has become an increasingly popular choice for students. Although studying abroad is often praised by people for its advantages, there are still some disadvantages to be noticed. First of all, to study abroad is expensive. Specifically speaking, those involved have to spend a large amount of money on tuition and living expenses, which is not affordable for everyone. In addition, to study abroad is a great challenge for those students who lack the ability of living independently. If they can not take good care of themselves there, their academic performance will be affected to a large extent. Last but not least, to study abroad may exercise a negative influence on students’ mentality. As we all know, to study abroad equals to stay away from family and friends for a long time, which is likely to produce some psychological problems for those students, such as being solitary and gloomy. From what has been mentioned above, we can easily come to the conclusion that the disadvantages of studying abroad can not be neglected. What’s more, those students who are planning to study abroad should make enough preparations for these problems mentioned above. Only in this way, can they have a fruitful and successful study life abroad. 【参考译文】 众所周知，随着经济的蓬勃发展和家庭收入的增加，出国留学已经成为越来越受学生欢迎的选择。虽然出国留学的优点经常被人们称赞，但仍有一些缺点需要注意。 首先，出国留学的费用是昂贵的。具体来说，这些人不得不花费一大笔钱在学费和生活费上，而这并不是每个人都负担得起的。此外，对于那些缺乏独立生活能力的学生来说，出国留学是一个巨大的挑战。如果他们不能照顾好自己，他们的学习成绩将在很大程度上受到影响。最后但并非最不重要，出国留学可能会对学生的心理产生负面影响。众所周知，出国留学等于长时间远离家人和朋友，这很可能使留学生产生一些心理问题，如孤僻和沮丧。 综上所述，我们不难得出以下结论：出国留学的缺点是不能忽视的。更重要的是，那些计划出国留学的学生应该为解决这些问题做好充足的准备。只有这样，他们才能有一个丰富多彩且成功的留学生活。 2018年12月英语四级真题作文:大城市生活的挑战 【作文二参考范文】 Recently the phenomenon of living in a big city has been brought into focus. With the population of dwelling in a big city increasing dramatically for its convenient infrastructure and higher wage level, the challenges have also aroused more and more concerns among the society. First of all, the most obvious problem is the issue of traffic. In a big cities, traffic jam is quite common everywhere, especially in the rush time. Consequently, a large number of people have to spend much time in commuting. In the second place, with the growth of cars and buses in big cities, air pollution has become another disadvantage, which may do harm to the health of people. Last but not least, people living in a big city tend to endure more pressure of work and life, which may, directly or indirectly, influence their mental health. So what will be the possible tendency of this situation in the following decades? From my
2018年 6月英语四级考试真题及答案第 1 套PartIWriting (30minutes) Directions:Forthispart, youareallowed 30 minutes towriteashortessayontheimportanceofreadingabilityandhowtodevelopit. Youshouldwriteatleast 120 wordsbutnomorethan 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section A Directions:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1.A) The return of a bottled message to its owner's daughter. B) A New Hampshire man's joke with friends on his wife. C) A father's message for his daughter. D) The history of a century-old motel. 2.A) She wanted to show gratitude for his kindness. B)She wanted to honor her father's promise. C)She had been asked by her father to do so. D)She was excited to see her father's handwriting. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3.A) People were concerned about the number of bees. B) Several cases of Zika disease had been identified. C) Two million bees were infected with disease. D) Zika virus had destroyed some bee farms. 4.A) It apologized to its customers. B)It was forced to kill its bees. C)It lost a huge stock of bees. D)It lost 2.5 million dollars. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
2018年6月大学英语四级真题试卷一及答案(完整版) Part I Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an a short easy on the importance of speaking ability and how to develop should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section A Directions:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 Questions 1 to 2 are based on the new report you have just heard.
2018年6月大学英语四级真题（第3套） Part I Writing (30 minutes) DireCtions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to Write a short essay On the importance Of SPeaking ability and how to develop it Y ou should Write at least 120 words but no more tha n180 words. Part II LiStening COmPrehenSiOn (25 minutes) 说明：由于2018年6月四级考试全国共考了两套听力，本套真 题听力与前两套内容相同，只是选项顺序不同，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。 Part In Reading COmPrehenSiOn (40 minutes) SeCtiOn A DireCtions: In this SeCtion, there is a PaSSage With ten blanks. You are required to SeIeCt One word for each bla nk from a list of ChOiCeS give n in a word bank follow ing the passage. Read the PaSSage through carefully before making your choices. EaCh ChOiCe in the bank is identified by a letter. PIeaSe mark the COrreSPOnding Ietter for each item OnAnSWer Sheet 2 With a Single Iine through the Centre. You may not USe any of the words in the bank more than once. Neon (霓虹)is to Hong Kong as red Phone booths are to Londonand fog is to SanFrancisco. Whennight falls, red and blue and other colors 26 ________ a hazy (雾蒙蒙的)glow over a City lit UP by tens of thousands of neon Signs. BUt many Of them are going dark, 27 _______ by more PraCtical, but less romantic, LEDS (发光二极管). Changing buildi ng codes, evolv ing tastes, and the high cost of maintaining those Won derful old Sig ns have bus in esses embraci ng LEDs, WhiCh are en ergy 28 , but still Carry great cost. "To me, neon represe nts memories of the past," SayS photographer Sharon Blance, whose SerieS Hong Kong Neon CeIebrateS the city's famous Sig ns. "Look ing at the Sig ns now I get a feeli ng of amazeme nt, mixed With Sad ness." BUiIding a neon Sign is an art PraCtiCed by 29 _____________ trained On the job to mold
2018年6月大学英语四级真题（第3套) Part I Writing （30 minutes） Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay on the importance of speaking ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words but no more tha n180 words. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)说明：由于2018年6月四级考试全国共考了两套听力, 本套真题听力与前两套内容相同, 只是选项顺序不同, 因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。 Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Neon (霓虹) is to Hong Kong as red phone booths are to London and fog is to San Francisco. When night falls, red and blue and other colors 26 a hazy (雾蒙蒙的) glow over a city lit up by tens of thousands of neon signs. But many of them are going dark, 27 by more practical, but less romantic, LEDs (发光二极管). Changing building codes, evolving tastes, and the high cost of maintaining those wonderful old signs have businesses embracing LEDs, which are energy 28 , but still carry great cost. "To me, neon represents memories of the past," says photographer Sharon Blance, whose series Hong Kong Neon celebrates the city's famous signs. "Looking at the signs now I get a feeling of amazement, mixed with sadness." Building a neon sign is an art practiced by 29 trained on the job to mold glass tubes into 30 shapes and letters. They fill these tubes with gases that glow
2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷及答案(第一套) 目录 2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷一详细答案(精讲版) (1) 2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试题一(完整版) (45) 快速对答案 (59) 2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷一详细答案(精讲版) Part I Writing(30minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试） Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write an a short easy on the importance of speaking ability and how to developit.Youshould write at least120words but no more than180words.【解析】写作题考察了同学们的写作能力，要求在30分钟内完成，时间有限，因此在备战英语四 级的时候，平时应积累一些模版，多背一些精彩的句子，在平时的练习中，应该在20分钟内完成一篇不少于120词的作文，下面给出以下几点建议： 一，写作中，字体要工整，改卷老师在批改四级作文的时候，由于任务量大，再加上批改时视觉疲 劳，不可能对每一篇作文都看得那么仔细，有时候就凭卷面的第一印象打分，因此字体美观大方能提高作文的分数； 二，注意段落结构，写作时，应带有题目，一般分三段进行，第一段总体概述，引出正文，第二段 详细阐述文档内容，要分条理进行，比如，firstly，secondly，等，正文一般4-6句话阐述完毕，第三段总结正文部分，回归主题。 三，写作要注重语法结构，不要出现明显的语法错误，否则扣分较多，影响总体成绩。 四，遇到不会写的词，要用其他相关的词语表达。
2018年6月英语四级考试真题及答案第1套 Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of reading ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1. A) The return of a bottled message to its owner's daughter. B) A New Hampshire man's joke with friends on his wife. C) A father's message for his daughter. D) The history of a century-old motel. 2. A) She wanted to show gratitude for his kindness. B) She wanted to honor her father's promise. C) She had been asked by her father to do so. D) She was excited to see her father's handwriting. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3. A) People were concerned about the number of bees. B) Several cases of Zika disease had been identified. C) Two million bees were infected with disease. D) Zika virus had destroyed some bee farms. 4. A) It apologized to its customers. B) It was forced to kill its bees. C) It lost a huge stock of bees. D) It lost 2.5 million dollars. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.