Engine Mount System Design

Group standardTL 52716Issue 2015-07Class. No.:55169Descriptors:NR, natural rubber, rubber-bonded mount, engine mount, U1 mount, U3 mount, hydro mountRubber Mounts Composed of Natural Rubber for Engines, Transmissions,and ChassisMaterials RequirementsContentsPageScope .........................................................................................................................1Description .................................................................................................................2Requirements .............................................................................................................2General requirements ................................................................................................2Condition ....................................................................................................................2Materials requirements ...............................................................................................2Finished part properties .............................................................................................4Characteristic curve ...................................................................................................4Adhesion ....................................................................................................................4Notes on testing .........................................................................................................4Specimen preparation (4)Aging in hydraulic fluid ...............................................................................................4Plastic deformation .....................................................................................................4Dispersion – distribution of carbon black in the rubber ..............................................4Permanent-folding loading .........................................................................................5Applicable documents ................................................................................................51233.13.23.344.14.255.15.25.35.45.56ScopeThis standard defines materials requirements for rubber mounts composed of natural rubber (NR)for engines, transmissions, and chassis.1Always use the latest version of this standard.This electronically generated standard is authentic and valid without signature.The English translation is believed to be accurate. In case of discrepancies, the German version is alone authoritative and controlling.Page 1 of 5All rights reserved. No part of this document may be provided to third parties or reproduced without the prior consent of one of the Volkswagen Group’s Standards departments.© Volkswagen AktiengesellschaftVWNORM-2014-06a-patch5Page 2TL 52716: 2015-07DescriptionExample of the description of a rubber mount composed of NR:NR as per TL 52716Requirements General requirementsApproval of first delivery and changes as per Volkswagen standard VW 01155Avoidance of hazardous substances as per VW 91101The mounts must be resistant to ozone and atmospheric oxygen in the temperature range of –40 °C to 100 °C. Hydro mounts must additionally be resistant to the glycol mixture used.Long-term test:Aging for 1 000 h at 85 °C Short-term test:Aging for 94 h at 100 °CConditionThe mounts must be free of flaws and processing defects. Rubber parts and rubber composite parts must have sufficiently high adhesion as per Test Specification PV 3378 over the entire area.Air inclusions in hydro mounts are not permissible.Materials requirementsWith regard to the raw-material basis, the elastomer mount materials must be free of recycled ma‐terial 1).NR must be specified as the polymer basis. Optionally, a blend of NR with butadiene rubber (BR)is permissible. NR/BR ratio: > 1 (NR as majority component).The required numerical values apply to each individual measurement (see table 1).2 3 3.13.23.31)In this context, recycled material means mixture components that are fed back into the rubber mixture as products of a recycling process (thermal, mechanical, and chemical) from fully cured rubber products (new parts or used parts, e.g., used tires). Examples of this are reclaimed rubber, regenerated rubber, rubber powder, and carbon black.Page 3TL 52716: 2015-07T a b l e 1 – M a t e r i a l s r e q u i r e m e n t sPage 4TL 52716: 2015-07Finished part properties Characteristic curveAs per drawingThe characteristic curve takes precedence over the hardness.Testing upon delivery and after heat aging: 1 000 h/85 °C and 94 h/100 °C Testing is performed at (23 ± 3) °C and (100 ± 3) °C.AdhesionAs per PV 3378Separation surface: ≥ 90% fracture in the rubber Notes on testing Specimen preparationS2 dumb-bell specimens as per DIN 53504 must be used as specimens.If the specimens cannot be taken from the component, perform the testing on plate material (thick‐ness: 2 mm) having a degree of vulcanization corresponding to that of the component.Upon agreement, S3A or S3 specimens may also be used.Specimens are prepared from the finished part by means of a bandknife splitting machine.Aging in hydraulic fluidThe specimens must be aged in the pertinent hydraulic fluid as per Technical Supply Specification TL 52153.After the cool-down to room temperature, the evaluation is performed immediately after the speci‐mens have been removed from the fluid.Liquid residues on the outer surfaces must be removed by means of a lint-free cloth.Plastic deformationAs per PV 3307For comparison, the test must be performed on the plate material and on the component.The edge length of the specimens taken from the finished part is ≥ 2.5 mm.Dispersion – distribution of carbon black in the rubberSections cut while frozen (–60 °C to –130 °C, thickness: 2 μm to 5 μm) must be examined in a light-optical microscope by means of the transmitted-light method, evaluated, and documented.The agglomerate size and the proportion of the entire area composed of carbon black (e.g., carbon dispersion classification chart) must be specified.4 4.14.25 5.15.25.35.4Page 5TL 52716: 2015-07Permanent-folding loadingThe permanent-folding loading must be performed on the basis of ISO 132.In deviation therefrom, S2 dumb-bell specimens must be used as per DIN 53504.The specimens must be clamped in such a way that they are elongated by 50% at the maximum distance of the clamps (75 mm).After the test has ended, there must be no cracks that pass all the way through the specimen.The number of cycles until a crack that passes all the way through the specimen occurs must be indicated.Number of specimens: ≥ 3Applicable documentsThe following documents cited in this standard are necessary to its application.Some of the cited documents are translations from the German original. The translations of Ger‐man terms in such documents may differ from those used in this standard, resulting in terminologi‐cal inconsistency.Standards whose titles are given in German may be available only in German. Editions in other languages may be available from the institution issuing the standard.PV 3307Elastomer Components; Plastic and Elastic DeformabilityPV 3378Adhesion Testing of Rubber-Metal and/or Rubber-Plastic Composite Components for Evaluating the Adhesive Bond with Regard to Materials;Determination of the Breaking Force,Evaluation of the Fracture Pattern,and the Resistance under Damp Heat ConditionsPV 3927Thermogravimetric Analysis for Plastics and Elastomers; Determination:Plasticizers, Carbon BlackTL 52153Hydraulik-Flüssigkeit, Motorlager; Anforderungen VW 01155Vehicle Parts; Approval of First Supply and Changes VW 2.8.1Elastomers; Materials Requirements and TestingVW 91101Environmental Standard for Vehicles; Vehicle Parts, Materials, Operat‐ing Fluids; Avoidance of Hazardous SubstancesDIN 53504Testing of rubber - determination of tensile strength at break, tensile stress at yield, elongation at break and stress values in a tensile test DIN 53508Testing of rubber - Accelerated ageingDIN 53512Testing of rubber - Determination of rebound resilience (Schob pendu‐lum)DIN ISO 34-1Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic - Determination of tear strength -Part 1: Trouser, angle and crescent test piecesDIN ISO 7619-1Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic - Determination of indentation hard‐ness - Part 1: Durometer method (Shore hardness)ISO 132Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic - Determination of flex cracking and crack growth (De Mattia)5.5 6。

UNIT 1 AUTOMOTIVE BASICSBody：车身chassis：底盘stream-lined：流线wind resistance：风阻Frame：车架the power train：传动系统the drive train：驱动系a unitized body：承载式车身unibody：整体式汽车车身suspension system：悬架系统steering system：转向系统braking system（制动系统）suspension system：悬架系统shock absorber：减振器control arm：控制臂、导向机构steering gears：转向器steering wheel：转向盘idler arm：随动臂tie rods：横拉杆power steering：动力转向Power booster：助力器master cylinder：制动主缸Disc brake：盘式制动drum brake：鼓式制动Brake pedal：制动踏板brake system：制动系统stopping power：制动力Hydraulic brakes：液压制动brake pedal：制动踏板brake fluid：制动液brake lines：制动管路cylinders：轮缸brake shoes：制动蹄drum：制动鼓disc brake：盘式制动器pliers：老虎钳squeeze：挤进，握紧；夹紧rotating disc：旋转制动盘Drum brake：鼓式制动器gasoline-burning piston engine：活塞式汽油发动机Diesel-fuel burning engines：柴油发动机Fuel system：供给系统exhaust system：排气系统Cooling system：冷却系统lubrication system：润滑系统ignition system：点火系统electric spark：电火花air-fuel mixture：可燃混合气cylinder：汽缸ignition switch：点火开关current：电流storage battery：蓄电池ignition coil：点火线圈Distributor：分电器spark plug：火花塞compression ignition engines：压燃式发动机charging circuit：充电电路regulator：电压调节器alternator (or generator)：发电机mechanical energy：机械能electrical energy：电能maximum voltage：最大电压fuel system：燃料供给系统fuel pump：燃油泵Filter：滤清器carburetor：化油器fuel injection system：燃油喷射系统combustible mixture：可燃混合气manifold：进气管exhaust system：排气系统carbon monoxide：一氧化碳hydrocarbons（碳氢化合物）oxides of nitrogen：氮氧化合物emission control system：排放控制系统cooling system：冷却系统combustion chamber：燃烧室coolant：冷却液Radiator：散热器water pump：水泵hollow：空的、空洞的block：汽缸体head：汽缸盖Defroster：（除冰(或霜)装置）lubrication system：润滑系统lubricant：润滑剂piston rings：活塞环cylinder walls：汽缸壁oil filter：机油滤清器Transmission：变速器wheel bearings：车轮轴承differential：差速器steering linkage：转向链接机构power train：传动系统transmission：变速器shift lever：变速杆clutch：离合器Transmission：变速器torque：转矩Differential：差速器drive /propeller shaft：传动轴universal joints：万向节axle movement：轴向运动flexible universal joints：活动万向节Differential：差速器UNIT 2 AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEinternal combustion engine：内燃机liquefied petroleum gas（LPG）：液化石油气Compressed natural gas(CNG)：压缩天然气drive shaft：驱动轴rear-wheel-drive arrangement：后轮驱动布置形式front-wheel-drive arrangement：前轮驱动布置形式drive wheels：驱动轮mid-engine arrangement：发动机中置Pistons：活塞reciprocate：往复spark ignition engine：火花点燃式发动机compression ignition(CI) engine：压燃式发动机electric ignition system：电子点火系统spark plug：火花塞ignite：点燃cylinders：气缸combustion：燃烧compression-ignition engine：压燃式发动机diesel engine：柴油机Spray：喷入heavy-duty trucks：重型货车spark-ignition engine：火花点燃式发动机fuel system：燃料供给系统ignition system：点火系统lubricating system：润滑系统cooling system：冷却系统fuel system：燃料供给系统combustible mixture：可燃混合物air/fuel mixture：空气燃料混合气ignition system：点火系统spark plug：火花塞air/fuel mixture：可燃混合气lubricating oil：润滑油lubricating system：润滑系统oil pan：油底壳oil pump：机油泵reservoir：贮存器; 油箱exhaust gas：排气cooling system：冷却系统exhaust system：排气系统emission-control system：排放控制系统starting system：启动系统Crank：转动曲柄starting motor：启动马达internal combustion engine：内燃机chemical energy：化学能heat energy：热能mechanical energy：机械能air/fuel ratio：空燃比Diesel engines：柴油机intake：进气connecting rod：连杆crankshaft：曲轴reciprocating movement/back and forth movement/up and down movement（往复运动）rotary motion/ turning motion：（旋转运动）crankshaft：曲轴Efficiency：效率potential energy：潜能mechanical energy：机械能overall efficiency：总效率compression ratio：压缩比air/fuel ratio：空燃比uppermost position/(TDC, top dead center：上止点lowest position/BDC, bottom dead center：下止点stroke：行程four stroke-cycle Gasoline Engine：intake stroke：进气行程compression stroke：压缩行程power stroke：作功行程exhaust stroke：排气行程revolution：转、圈crankshaft：曲轴camshaft：凸轮轴Crankshaft：曲轴connecting rod：连杆intake valve：进气门camshaft：凸轮轴pressure difference：压力差air/fuel mixture：空气/燃料混合气compression ratio：压缩比TDC：上止点exhaust valve：排气门exhaust gases：废气starter motor：启动马达ignition key：点火钥匙start position：启动位置Flywheel：飞轮UNIT 3 AUTOMOTIVE LUBRICATION SYSTEM（汽车润滑系统）3.1 Lubrication Principles 润滑原理Friction：摩擦primary job：基本任务Residual oil：残留的机油Lubricant：滑润剂hydrodynamic：液力的oil adhesion：机油粘度sliding friction：滑动摩擦Pressure-Lubrication System压力润滑系统oil pan：油底壳block：汽缸体oil pump：油泵drain plug：放油螺塞oil-pan gasket：油底壳垫圈Passageway：油道oil filter：机油滤清器Crankcase：曲轴箱tube：管filter screen：滤网gear-type：齿轮泵rotor-type：转子泵full-flow filtering system：全流式滤清器pressure-relief valve：安全阀bypass valve：旁通阀camshaft（凸轮轴）main bearing：主轴承camshaft bearing：凸轮轴轴承Foam inhibitor：泡沫抑制剂UNIT 4 THE COOLING SYSTEM（冷却系统）exhaust system：排气系统cylinder wall：汽缸壁piston：活塞cylinder head：汽缸盖oil film：油膜fuel mileage：燃油经济性exhaust emissions：废气排放liquid cooling：水冷air cooling：风冷water jacket：水套thermostat：节温器water pump：水泵radiator：散热器radiator cap：散热器盖cooling fan：冷却风扇hoses：软管expansion tank：膨胀水箱overflow tank：溢流水箱4.1 Water Pump（水泵）centrifugal pump：离心泵centrifugal force：离心力4.2 Water Jacket（水套）hot spot：热点valve seat：气门座valve guide：气门导管cylinder wall：汽缸壁combustion chamber：燃烧室4.3 Radiator（散热器）heat exchanger：热交换器4.4 Pressure Cap（散热器盖）boiling point：沸点pressure release valve：减压阀, 安全阀overflow tube：溢流管overflow tank：溢流箱4.5 Thermostat（节温器）4.6 Fancooling fan：冷却风扇constant temperature：常温thermostatic switchUNIT 5 FUEL INJECTION SYSTEMFuel injection system：燃油喷射系统purely mechanical：纯机械的electronic fuel injection system：电子燃油喷射系统feedback control：反馈控制emission：排放solenoid valve：电磁阀injector：喷油器best power：最佳动力性best emission：最佳排放性best economy：最佳经济性rich condition：浓（混合气）工况lean condition：稀（混合气）工况5.3 Fuel System（燃油系统）fuel rail：油轨regulator：压力调节器return line：回油管fuel manifold：燃油歧管intake manifold：进气歧管5.4 Air Metering and Measurement 空气计量butterfly valve：传统碟形阀throttle body assembly：节气门体总成Mass Airflow：质量流量Speed Density：速度密度spring loaded flap：翼片potentiometer：电位计heated wire：加热电阻丝voltage signal：电压信号5.5 Most EFI systems measure the same basic 6 input大多数EFI系统检测6个基本输入（信号）RPM(转速) ignition coil：点火线圈magnetic sensor：磁脉冲传感器Hall effect sensor：霍尔效应传感器Manifold Pressure (进气歧管压力) Throttle Position （节气门位置）Water Temperature injector pulse width：喷油器脉冲宽度Air Temperature5.6 Oxygen Sensor（氧传感器）closed loop systems：闭环系统oxygen content：氧含量air/fuel ratio：空燃比open loop mode：开环模式UNIT 6 EXHAUST SYSTEMexhaust system：排气系统Exhaust gas：废气combustion chamber：燃烧室muffler：消声器catalytic converter：催化转换器6.2 The Muffler(消声器)backpressure：背压exhaust valve：排气门6.3 The Exhaust Manifold and Headerexhaust manifold：排气歧管cylinder head：气缸盖intake manifold：进气歧管UNIT 7 THE IGNITION SYSTEM(点火系统)breaker point type ignition system：触点型点火系统electronic ignition system：电子点火系统distributorless ignition system：无分电器点火系统）timing of the spark plug firing：火花塞点火次序spark plug gap：火花塞间隙7.1 Point-Type Ignition System（触点型点火系统）electrical circuit：电路primary circuit：初级回路secondary circuit：次级回路breaker point：触点ignition switch：点火开关secondary winding：次级线圈high-tension lead：高压导线distributor：分电器coil：点火线圈distributor cap：分电器盖distributor rotor：分火头controlling element：控制元件primary current：初级电流Distributor：配电器7.2 Electronic Ignition Systems（电子点火系统）electronic control module：电子控制模块7.3 Distributorless Ignition Systems (DIS) （无分电器点火系统）spark timing：点火正时Ignition Control Unit (ICU)：点火控制单元Engine Control Unit (ECU)：发动机控制单元firing order：点火顺序Top Dead Center (TDC)：上止点UNIT 8 CLUTCHdrive line/drive train：传动系统Clutch：离合器transmission：变速器drive shaft：传动轴final drive assembly：主减速器总成clutch disc：离合器片pressure plate：压盘pressure plate cover：离合器盖friction mechanism：摩擦机构engine torque：发动机扭矩gear ratio：传动比clutch pedal：离合器踏板driven member：从动件transmission input shaft：变速器输入轴driving members：主动件crankshaft：曲轴torsional shock：扭转振动starter motor：启动马达splined hub：花键毂spline：花键transmission input shaft：变速器输入轴diaphragm spring：膜片弹簧centrifugal force：离心力release bearing：分离轴承disengagement mechanism：分离机构hydraulic system：液压系统hydraulic mechanism：液压机构clutch master cylinder：离合器主缸hydraulic fluid：制动液clutch release cylinder：离合器分离缸UNIT 9 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION（自动变速器）fluid coupling（液力偶合器）torque converter（变矩器rear wheel drive（后轮驱动）front wheel drive（前轮驱动）.drive shaft（驱动轴）final drive（主减速器）rear axle（后轴）rear wheels（后轮）transaxle（驱动桥）Front axles（前桥）planetary gear sets（行星齿轮组）hydraulic system（液力系统）Planetary gear sets（行星齿轮组）sun gear（太阳轮）ring gear（齿圈）planet gears（行星轮）constant mesh（常啮合common carrier（行星架）input shaft（输入轴）output shaft（输出轴）9.2 Clutch pack（离合器组）clutch drum（离合器鼓）friction material(摩擦材料)9.3 One-Way Clutch（单向离合器）"sprag" clutch（超越离合器）neutral（空挡）9.4 Bands（制动带）9.5 Torque Converter（液力变矩器）（见阅读材料）UNIT 10 THE DIFFERENTIAL（差速器）unlimited-slip, differential：不防滑差速器10.1 The Main Gears(主减速器)bevel gear：锥齿轮axle shaft：半轴final drive assembly：主减速器总成gear reduction：减速drive wheel：驱动轮drive shaft：传动轴spiral bevel gear：螺旋锥齿轮center line（centerline）：中心线10.2 The Differential System(差速系统)axle shaft：半轴side gear：半轴齿轮UNIT 11 BRAKE SYSTEM（制动系统）kinetic energy：惯性能量momentum：动量thermal energy (heat)：热能master cylinder：主缸brake pedal：制动踏板mechanical pressure：机械压力hydraulic pressure：液体压力brake line：制动管brake hose：制动软管slave cylinder：轮缸Brake fluid：制动液Shoe：制动蹄pad：制动块drums：制动鼓rotor：制动盘disk brake：盘式制动器drum brakes：鼓式制动器caliper：制动嵌brake shoe：制动蹄friction lining：摩擦衬片friction surface：摩擦表面emergency brake：紧急制动Power brake booster：动力制动助力器master cylinder：制动主缸brake pedal：制动踏板hydraulic actuator：液压传动机构wheel speed sensor：车轮速度传感器UNIT 14 ABS AND TCS14.1 Braking System Fundamentals,master cylinder：主缸wheel cylinders：轮缸caliper pistons：制动钳活塞rolling energy：旋转能量14.2 Antilock Braking Systems(防抱死制动系统)retarding force：制动力percent slip滑移率braking effectiveness：制动效能wheel speed sensors (WSS)：车轮速度传感器Reading material-Torque Converter-术语Torque Converter（液力变矩器）manual transmission：自动变速器automatic transmission：自动变速器brake pedal：制动踏板gas pedal：加速踏板 1. Pump（泵轮）.2. Turbine（涡轮）.3. Stator（导轮）.4. Transmission fluid（传动液）.Freewheel：自由轮lockup clutch：锁止离合器。

发动机两大机构五大系统：曲柄连杆机构，配气机构。

燃料供给系，点火系，冷却系，润滑系，启动系点燃式发动机spark-ignition engine 压燃式发动机compression-ignition engine水平对置式发动机flat engine/horizontal-opposed engine 对置式发动机boxer engine等径程发动机square engine短行程发动机oversquare engine 转子式发动机rotaryengine楔形燃烧室wedge chamber一、曲柄连杆机构Crank Mechanism1.机体组A、气缸体Engine block/Cylinder Block一般式气缸体short crankcase cylinder block龙门式气缸体extended crankcase cylinder block隧道式气缸体B、气缸套sleeve/liner/cylinder sleeve/cylinder liner/cylinder barrel干湿缸套dry sleeve湿式缸套wet sleeveC、气缸盖cylinder head分开式缸盖整体式缸盖D、气缸垫cylinder head gasket，E、曲轴箱crankcase，F、油底壳oil pan）2.活塞连杆组（活塞Piston，活塞环Piston ring，活塞销Piston pin，连杆Connecting rod）连杆轴承connecting rod bearingA、活塞（活塞裙部piston skirt）3.曲轴飞轮组（曲轴Crankshaft，飞轮Flywheel，正时齿轮timing gear，带轮pulley，曲轴扭转减振器）二、配气机构Valve Train1.气门组（气门valve，气门导管valve guide，气门座valve seat，气门弹簧valve spring）凸轮随动件、气门挺杆、摇臂cam follower凸轮突起部cam lobe链轮chain sprocket2.气门传动组（凸轮轴camshaft，正时齿轮timing gear，挺住tappet/lifter，推杆pushrod，摇臂rocker arm，摇臂轴rocker arm shaft）三、燃料供给系统fuel system1、电子汽油喷射系统（电控单元，传感器，电动燃油泵，燃油滤清器，燃油导轨，燃油压力调节器，喷油器，冷启动喷油器）2、柴油及燃料供给系（柴油箱，柴油粗滤清器，输油泵，柴油细滤清器，喷油泵，喷油器，油管）四、点火系ignition system分电器，点火线圈，火花塞A、传统火发塞使点火系（分电器，点火线圈，火花塞）B、磁电式点火系C、半导体点火系五、冷却系cooling system散热器radiator，水泵water pump / coolant pump，风扇fan，节温器thermostat，风扇离合器fan clutch，风扇温度控制开关六、润滑系lubrication system压力润滑，飞溅润滑（油底壳oil pan，机油泵，限压阀及，机油滤清器，机油散热器，机油压力表）七起动系starting system起动机（直流电机，操纵机构，离合机构）。

单片式钢板弹簧 single leaf spring多片式钢板弹簧 muotileaved spring纵向钢板弹簧 longitudinal leaf spring螺旋弹簧 coil spring (helicalspring)空气弹簧 air spring囊式空气弹簧 bellow type air spring膜式空气弹簧 diaphragm typeair spring橡胶弹簧 rubber spring type液体弹簧 hydraulic spring油气弹簧 hydro-pneumatic spring type单气室油气弹簧 single chamber hydragas spring双气室油气弹簧 double chamber hydragas spring 液体弹簧 hydraulic spring底盘弹簧 chassis spring四分之一椭圆形弹簧 quarter elliptic spring半椭圆形弹簧 half-elliptic spring(semi-elliptic spring)四分之三椭圆形弹簧 three quarter elliptic spring全椭圆形弹簧 full elliptic spring悬臂弹簧 cantilever spring簧上质量 sprung weight簧下质量 unsprung weight垫上弹簧载荷量 spring capacity at pad地面弹簧载荷量 spring capacity at ground弹簧静挠度 spring static deflection弹簧跳动间隙 bump clearance of spring弹簧中心距 distance between spring centers减振器 shock absorber筒式减振器 telescopic shock absorber油压缓冲器 hydraulic buffer负荷调平式减振器 load -levelling shock absorber液压减振器 dydraulic shock absorber可调减振器 adjustable shock absorber摇臂式减振器 lever type shock absorber磨擦式减振器 frictional shock absorber充气减振器 gas-filled shock absorber动力减振器 dynamic shock absorber减振器卸荷阀 shock absorber relief valve 减振器进油阀 shock absorber intake valve减振器示功图 damper indicator diagram减振器液 damper fluid横向稳定器 stabilizer anti-roll bar滑动座 sliding seat滑板 sliding plate弹簧架 spring bracket弹簧主片 spring leaf钢板弹簧吊耳 leaf spring shackle钢板弹簧衬套 leaf spring bushing钢板弹簧销 leaf spring pin弹簧卷耳 spring eyeU型螺栓 U bolt钢板弹簧中心螺栓 leaf spring center bolt橡胶衬套 rubber bushing缓冲块 buffer stopper限位块 limiting stopper平衡轴 trunnion shaft平衡轴支座 trunnion base臂轴 arm shaft平横臂 equalizer螺纹衬套 screw bushing（车身）高度阀 levelling valve车架 auxiliary tank整体车架 unitized frame上弯式梁架 upswept frame (kick up frame)短型车架 stub frame发动机支架 engine mounting半径杆 radius rod平衡杆 stabilizer bar制动反应杆 brake reaction rod分开式车身和车架 separated body and frame 车轮 wheel车轮尺寸名称 wheelsize designation车轮类型 wheel type单式车轮 single wheel双式车轮 dual wheel整体轮毂式车轮 wheel with integral hub组装轮辋式车轮 demountable rim wheel对开式车轮 divided wheel可调车轮 adustable wheel辐板式车轮 disc wheel可反装式车轮 reversible wheel辐条式车轮 wire wheel安装面 attachment face安装面直径 attachment face diameter双轮中心距 dual spacing半双轮中心距 half dual spacing轮缘 flange固定轮缘 fixed flange轮缘规格代号 flange size disignation轮缘高度 flange height轮缘半径 flange radius轮级端部半径 flange edge radius轮级宽度 flange width内轴承座肩 inner bearing cup shoulder内移距 inset横向跳动 lateral run-out外移距 outset径向跳动 radius run-out轮辋 rim轮辋尺寸名称 rim size disignation轮辋宽度 rim width标定轮辋宽度 specified rim width轮辋直径 rim diameter标定轮辋直径 specified rim diameter轮辋类型 rim types整体式（深槽式） one-piece(drop -center DC)半深槽式 semi-drop center (SDC)二件式 two-piece三件式 three-piece四件式 four-piece轮毂座 hub seat五件式 five-piece轮辋轮廓类型 rim contour classification深槽轮辋 drop center rim(DC)深槽宽轮辋 wide drop center rim(WDC)半深槽轮辋 semi-drop center rim(SDC)平底轮辋 flat base rim平底宽轮辋 wide flat base rim (WFB)全斜底轮辋 full tapered bead seat rim (TB)可拆卸轮辋 demountable rim wheel对开式轮辋 divided rim(DT)轮辋基体 rim base轮辋基体偏移距 rim base offset轮辋偏移距 rim bevel distance气门嘴孔 valve hole气门嘴孔的位置 rim hole location锁圈槽 gutter锁圈槽沟 gutter groove锁圈槽顶 gutter tip隔圈 spaceband隔圈宽度 spacerband width标定轮辋直径 specified rim diameter标定轮辋宽度 specified rim width花键 spline弹性锁圈 spring lock ring辐条式车轮轮毂 shell (wire shell)轮辋槽 well槽角 well angle槽深 well depth槽底半径 well iner radius槽的位置 well position槽顶圆角半径 well radius top槽宽度 well width中心孔 center hole中心线 center line夹紧块 clamp夹紧螺栓 clamping bolt锥型座（螺帽定位用） cone seat (for retaining nut)可拆卸档圈 detachable endless flange可拆卸弹簧档圈 detachable spring flange可拆卸锥形座圈 detachable endless taper bead seat ring 轮辐 disc辐条 wire spoke零移距 zeroset弯距 bending moment动态径向疲劳试验 dynamic radial fatigue test横向疲劳试验 cornering fatigue test轴安装 axel mounting轴颈安装 journal mounting孔径 bore轮胎 tyre (tire)轮胎系列 tyre series轮胎规格 tyre size轮胎标志 tyre marking速度符号 speed symbol胎面磨耗标志 tread wear indicator骨架材料 framework material层数 number of plies层级 ply rating外胎 cover内胎 inner tube胀大轮胎 grown tyre充气轮胎 pneumatic tyre新胎 new tyre有内胎轮胎 tubed tyre无内胎轮胎 tubeless tyre水胎 curing bag保留生产轮胎 reserved old series of tyre普通断面轮胎 conventional section tyre低断面轮胎 low section tyre超低断面轮胎 super low section tyre宽基轮胎 wide base tyre斜交轮胎 diagonal tyre子午线轮胎 radial ply tyre活胎面轮胎 removable tread tyre越野轮胎 cross-country tyre沙漠轮胎 sand tyre浇注轮胎 cast tyre调压轮胎 adjustable inflation tyre海棉轮胎 foam filled tyre常压轮胎 atomospheric pressure tyre压力控制弹簧 pressure control spring阀弹簧 valve spring阀 valve惯性比例阀 inertia proportioning valve惯性球 inertia ball球阀座 ball valve seat感载比例阀 loading sensing pressure proportoining valve感载限压阀 loading sensing pressure limiting valve惯性防抱死装置 inertia anti-lock device电子防抱死装置 eoectro anti-lock device报警装置 warning device真空报警开关 vacuum warning switch低压报警开关 low pressure warning switch液面报警开关 level warning switch作用机构 application mechanism磨损补偿装置 wear compensation device限位装置 inhibiting device弹簧制动器的辅助放松装置 auxiliary release device for spring-brake actuator 防弯折装置 king protection device托板 carrier防铰接系统 anti-link system附加装置 additional device安全缸 safety cylinder抑制螺拴 check bolt抑制螺母 check nut空气溢流阀 air bleed valve安全阀 safety valve压差控制阀（优先阀） pressure-gradient control valve 十字单向阀 spider singe check valve差压阀 defferential valve气压制动阀 air brake valve分立制动阀 dual air brake valve继动阀 relay valve快放阀 quick release valve安全继动阀 safety relay valve双进口单向阀 double way check valve调压阀 pressure governor保险阀 relief valve继动应急阀 relay emergency valve牵引车保护阀 tractor protection valve液压继动阀 dydraulic relay valve手制动阀 hand brake valve制动灯开关 braking light switch分离开关 shut-off switch气压表 air gauge试验 test缩颈试验 constriction test抖动试验 whip test膨胀试验 expansion test拉伸试验 tensile test吸水试验 water absorpton test冷弯实试验 cold bend test耐臭氧试验 ozone resistance test盐雾试验 salt spray test中性盐雾试验 neutral salt spray test鉴定试验 qualification test成批验收试验 lot acceptance热压反复试验 heat pressure stroking张紧变形试验 tension set test冷效应试验 cold effectiveness test热衰退试验 fade test预备试验 preliminary test强度试验 strength test静态驻坡试验 static hill-holding test颜色耐久度试验 test for color fastness冷弯试验 cold impact test热弯试验 hot impact test爆裂试验 burst test试验设备（台） test rig塞规 gauge plug防潮材料 moisture barrier material滴定管 burette添加剂 additve空气游离 free of air挠曲试验机 flexing machine吸油绳 wick加热罩 heating mantle烧瓶 flask沸腾石 boiling stone玻璃仪器 glassware冷凝器 condenser环形夹子 ring clamp硬石棉耐火垫 hard asbestos refractory腐蚀试瓶 corrosion test jar螺旋盖 screw-top干燥器 desiccator烘箱外罩 oven enclosure金钢砂纸 silicon carbide paper松节油 white spirit钢丝棉 steel wool钳子 forceps软木塞 cork培养皿 petri dish离心试管 centrifuge tube橡胶防护套 elastometric boot臭氧箱 ozone chamber冲程试验装置 stroking fixture抛光机 polished machine扩张芯轴 stretching mandrel千分尺 micrometer投影检测仪 shadowgraph玻璃容器 glass container镀锡钢盖 tinned steel lids不起毛布 lint-free cloth包装屑 packing debris湿度箱 humidity cabinet加热板 heating plate载荷锤头 loading ram拉力机 tensile machine压力机 compression machine夹具 fixture拉头 block导轨 guide砂纸 emery paper材料剪切试验台 material shear test rig吸水石 absorbent paper增湿 humidification雾化 atomization拉伸强度 tensile strength屈服点 yield point破坏时伸长量 elongation at break化学试剂 reagent盐溶液 salt solution酒精-蒸馏水混合液 ethanol/distilled water mixture 玻璃电极 glass electrode杂质 impurities悬浮固体物 suspended solids沉淀液 precipitaton number不透明液 opaque transparent liquid中和值 neutralization number电位滴定法 potentiometric titration平衡回流沸点 equilibrium reflux boiling point (ERBP 湿式平衡沸点 wet equilibrium reflux boiling point PH值 PH value污斑 staining变色 discoloration胶状物 jelly无结晶型沉淀物 no crystalline-type deposit流动性 fluidity遮盖力图 hiding power chart黑白分辨线 black contrast lines分层 stratification沉淀 sedimentation硬度 hardness油泥 sludging磨粒 abrasive grains化学转化 chemical reversion气候老化 weather ageing变质 deterioration报废 rejection刀痕 cut麻点 pit针孔 pin-hole凸起 protuberance烘箱老化 oven ageing冷放时间 soaking time使用温差 service temperature制动器失效 misfunctioning of brake试验跑道 test track路面 surface弯道 bend普通水泥混凝土 portland cement concrete转弯 corner坡度 gradient路拱 camber点刹 snub过大跑偏 undue deviation满载停车 laden stops防水性 protection against ingress of water防尘性 protection against dust热衰退 heat fade水衰退 water fade恢复 recovery过恢复 over recovery增强（突升） build up制动气阻 braking vapor lock龟裂 crack热龟裂 heat crack制动拖滞 braking drag冷制动弊病 cold braking sickness光学设备 optical device校准器 aimer光束轴 beam axle校准屏幕 aiming screen聚光装置 optical block对光装置 alignment device投影设备 projection equipment远距离屏幕 distant screen照明系统 lighting system照明设备 lightig equipmetn灯具 lamp等效灯具 equivalent lamps成对灯具 lamps constituting a pair偶数灯 even number of lamps操作指示灯 operational tell-tale倒车灯 backup (reversing) lamp车宽示廓灯 clearance lamp复合灯 combined lamps内藏灯（暗灯） concealable lamp反射发光装置 reflex reflexting device回射装置 retro0reflecting device放电灯 discharge lamp雾灯 fog lamp组合灯 grouped lamps危险警告灯 hazard warning lamp近光前照灯 lower-beam (dipped beam) headlamp 远光前照灯 upper-beam (main试验方法 test method老化试验 aging test火烧试验 bonfire test爆破试验 burst test坠落试验 drop test电磁干扰试验 electromagnetic interference环境模拟试验 environmental simulation test气体成分试验 gas composition test湿度试验 humidity test微粒成分检验 particulate compostion test箱内试验 tank test温度负荷试验 temperature load test视野 vision field (visibility)眼椭圆 eyellipse驾驶员视野范围 vision field of driver视线 sight line眼椭圆样板 eyellipse template眼椭圆中心 eyellipse center眼椭圆定位线 eyellipse locating line坐标系 coordination system(axissystem)视觉 vision视平面 sight plane视野 vision field直接视野 direct vesion field间接视野 indirect vision field单眼视野 monocular vision field双眼视野 binocular vision field两单眼视野 ambinocular vision field周边视野 peripheral vision field双眼障碍 binocular obstructionA 立柱 A-pillar座椅基准点 seating reference point (SgRP)有效瞳孔距 effective interpupillary width视野原点 original points of vision field颈部转动中心点（P点） neck pivot point (P point)仪表参考平面 reference plane of instrument panel显示表面 display surface转向盘轮缘盲区 steering wheel rim obstruction转向盘毂及辐条盲区 steering hub and spoke obstruction 派生V点和P点 developing V points and P points汽车视野障碍 vehicle visural obstruction视点（V点） vision point (V points)眼点（E点） eye point (E point0眼睛投影点 projected eye point上视角 upward angle of visibility下视角 downwards angle of visibility电磁环境 electromagnetic environment电磁环境兼容性 electromagnetic compatibility(EMC)电磁敏感度 electromagnetic susceptibility(EMS)电磁干扰 electromagnetic interference电磁骚扰（现象） electromagnetic distrubance（电磁）发射 (eelctromagnetic )emission窄带（电磁）发射 narrowband emission宽带（电磁）发射 broadband emission带外发射 out of band emission电磁辐射 electromagnetic radiation横向电磁波模式 transverse electromagnetic (TEM)mode 干扰源 distrubance source信号源 signal source无用信号 undesired signal干扰信号 interfering signal无线电环境 radio environment射频骚扰 radio environment射频干扰 radio frequency interference(RFI)系统间干扰 inter-system interference系统内干扰 intra-system interference电磁噪声 electromagnetic environment射频噪声 radio frequency noise自然噪声 natural noise人为噪声 man-made noise随机噪声 random noise静电放电 electrostatic discharge(ESD)脉冲 pulse冲激脉冲 impulse尖峰脉冲 spike群脉冲 burst of pulses脉冲噪声 impulsive noise脉冲骚扰 impulsive distrubance脉动 pulsating基波（分量） fundamental (component)谐波（分量） harmonic (component)电源骚扰 mains-borne distrubance磁场 field均质磁场 homogenous field磁场强度 field strength敏感度阈值 susceptibility thresholds电流注入 bulk current injection (BCI)无线电干扰抑制 radio interference suppression骚扰抑制 distrubance suppression骚扰场强 disturbance field strength骚扰功率 distrubance power抗扰性 immunity to a distrubance抗扰度 immunity level电源抗扰性 mains immunity外部抗扰性 external immunity抗扰性电平 immunity level抗绕性裕量 immunity margin藕合路径 coupling path地藕合干扰 earth-coupled interference频率响应 frequency response频率级规格 frequency step sizes调幅 amplitude modulation (AM)正弦波调幅 sine-wave amplitude modulation甚高频 very high frequency (VHF)超高频 ultra-high frequency (UHF)无调谐 no-modulation (CW)交调 crossmodulation互调 intermodulation中频抑制比 intermediate frequency rejection ratio镜频抑制比 image rejection ratio电压驻波 voltage standing wave(VSW)电压驻波比 voltage standing wave ratio(VSWR)脉冲极性 pulse polarity性能降低 degradation of performance灵敏度降低 desensitization抗扰性试验 immunity test试验强度级 test severity level功效性能状况分类 function performance status classificaton (FPSC)开阔试验场地 open area test site(OATS)吸波室 absorber lined chamber屏蔽室 shielded chamber隔音室 anechoicchamber横向电磁波室 transverse electromagnetic cell小型诊断室 compact diagnostic chamber屏蔽门 shielded gate反射屏蔽 reflective enclosure吸波材料 absorbing material尖劈 absorber lined chamber放大器 amplifier宽带放大器 broadband amplifier窄带放大器 narrowband amplifier天线 antenna环行天线 loop antenna双锥天线 bi-conical antenna对数周期天线 log.per.antenna天线塔 tripod(mast)偶极子天线 dipole antenna平行天线 parallel plate antenna四分之一波天线 quarter-wave antenna衰减器 attenuator信号发生器 signal generator场强发生器 field generator电场/脉冲发生器 e-/h-generator试验脉冲发生器 test pulse generator磁场控制器 field monitoring equipment双向藕合器 bidirectional coupler定向藕合器 directional coupler注入探头 injection probe电流探头 current probe电压探头 voltage probe迷向磁场探头 isotropic field probe射频滤波器 radio frequency (RF)filter低通滤波器 low-pass filter抑制滤波器 suppression filter线束 wire harness同轴电缆 coaxial cable光导纤维电缆 fiber optic links人工（电源）网络 artificial network(AN)宽频人工（电源）网络 broadband artificial network (BAN)电位计 voltmeter功率计 power meter频率分析仪 frequency analyzer频谱分析仪 spectrum analyzer测试接收机 testing receiver system波形采集装置 waveform acquisition equipment检波器 detector准峰值检波器 quasi-peak detector轮椅升降机 Wheel chair lift图例 legend工位 station吊运装置 overhead hoist更衣室 restroom1号厂房工艺布置方案图 proposal of the Plant I layout合笼 mate底盘平移台 chassis shuttle车辆转移台 bus transfer前围角板 front wall angle cover后围侧板 rear wall side cover保险杠 bumper三类底盘 three type chassis左侧围应力蒙皮 R/S stretching skin (road side)中涂 floating coat拼装台 collector切割轮口 wheel -arch cutting内饰 trim线束 harness轮罩护板 wheel house发车前准备 pre-delivery举升 hoist小批量产品 be pilot2 套 two kits配电站 power transformer substation裙板 skirt发动机托架 engine holding frame诊断报警系统 diagnosis and alarming system互换性 interchangeability缩微图纸 microfiche files总装 final assembly磷化 phosphating仪表板 dash board切齐 trimming结构完整性 structure integrity自动愈合的防腐材料 self-healing corrosion preventative material 长途客车 inter-city bus改装厂 refitting factory遮阳板 sun visor随车工具 tool box钢化玻璃 toughened grass异形钢管 special steel pipe全天候空调系统 full range A/C强制通风 ram-air ventilation停机时间 downtime无公害柴油 clean diesel宽敞悬臂式座椅 roomy cantilevered seat防滑地板 no-skid floor织物纹里铝合金 textured aluminum extrution爬坡能力 grade ability排水阀 drain valve除湿器 moisture ejector怠速时 at idle琴式驱动桥 banjo type drive axle通风口 duct恒温控制 thermostatic control平衡水箱 surge tank变光开关 simmer switch消音器 muffler防破坏 vandal resistant聚碳化透镜 poly-carbonate len镀锌板 galvanized plate搭接 lap亮丽的外表 smart apperance隐藏式固定 concealed fastening水洼 ponding发动机中置式客车 bus with under floor engine组合式客车车身 modular bus body薄壳式结构 shell construction衬垫 pad空气导流板 air deflector腰梁 waist rail梭梁 stabilizing beam腰带式安全带 diagonal safety belt压条 trim strip嵌条 insertion strip翼板 fender斜撑 bracing piece转向盘回正性试验 test of steering wheel returnability转向盘转角脉冲试验 steering wheel impulse input test转向盘转角阶跃输入试验 steering wheel step input or transient state yaw response test极限侧向加速度试验 limiting lateral acceleration test汽车平顺性随机输入行驶试验 automobile ride random input running test汽车平顺性单脉冲输入行驶试验 automobile ride single pulse input running test汽车悬挂系统固有频率与阻尼比的测定试验 measurement of natural frequency and damping raito of suspension功率突然变化影响试验 test of effect of sudden power change收油门后控制试验 test of control at breakway横风稳定性试验 test of crosswind stability反冲试验 kick-back test轮胎爆破响应时间试验 test of burst response of tyre绕过障碍物试验 obstacle avoidance test移线试验 lane change testJ型转弯试验 test of J turn频率响应时间试验 frequency response test瞬态响应时间试验 transient response test阶路响应时间试验 step response test脉冲响应试验 pulse response test静态操舵力试验 static steering effort test悬架举升试验 jack-up test of suspension耐翻倾试验 test of overturning immunity轮辋错动试验 rim slip test风洞试验 wind tunnel test制动稳定性试验 test of braking stability最小转弯直径试验 minimum turning diameter test操舵力试验 steering effort test车长 vehicle length车宽 vehicle width车高 vehicle height轴距 wheel base轮距 track前轮距 track front后轮距 track rear双胎间距 space between twin wheels前悬 front overhang后悬 rear overhang离地间隙 ground clearance纵向通过角 ramp angle接近角 approach angle离出角 departure angle车架高度 height of chassis above ground驾驶室后车架最大可用长度 maximum usable length of chassis behind cab车身长度 body work length车厢内部最大尺寸 maximum internal dimension of body货厢内长 loading space length货厢有效长度 loading length货厢内宽 loading space width货厢有效内宽 loading width货厢内高 loading space height货厢有效内高 loading height货台高度 loading surface height车架自由长度 frame free length栏板内高 inside board hegiht货厢容积 loading surface门高 door height门宽 door width车架有效长度 chassis frame useful length货厢全长 body length牵引杆长 drawbar length牵引装置的位置 position of towing attachment牵引装置的悬伸 overhang of towing atachment牵引装置的高度 heigth of towing attachment牵引装置牵距 distance of towing attachment牵引座前置距 fifth wheel lead长度计算用牵引座前置距 fifth wheel lead for calculation of length质量分配用牵引座前置距 fith wheel lead for calculation of mass distribution牵引座结合面高度 height of coupling face牵引装置至车辆前端的距离 distance between towing device and front end of towing vehicle 牵引叉销至车辆前端的距离 distance between jaw and front end of towing vehicle半挂车间隙半径 rear tractor clearance radius of semi-trailer半挂车前回转半径 front fitting radius of semi trailer车轮垂直行程 vertical clearance of wheel车轮提升高度 lift of wheel转弯半径 turning circle静止半径 static radius碰撞 collision (crash,impact)正碰撞 frontal collision (frontal impact)侧碰撞 side collision (side impact)后碰撞 rear collision (rear impact)擦碰撞 sidewipe collision碰撞方向 collision direction碰撞角度 collision angle倾斜的 oblique (tilt)成角度的 angled纵向的 longitudinal垂直的 perpendicular对中 centered偏置 offset重叠 overlap碰撞轴线排列 collision axis alignment纯正撞 pure frontal impact碰撞位置 impact location碰撞角度 impact angle主要力 principal force主要力方向 direction of principal force (PDOF)交通事故 traffic accident事故原因 accident cause单原因事故 single event accident多原因事故 multiple event accident单车事故 single vehicle accident多车事故 multi vehicle accident死亡和重伤事故 fatal and seevere accidenet折头 jack-knife翻车 rollover火灾 fire驶离道路 run off the roadway变形 deformation撞车地点 crash site试验场 proving ground试验场地 testing site撞车模拟装置 crash simulation test set-up汽车模拟碰撞滑车试验装置 auto crash simulation test sled 壁障 barrier胶合板 plywood五轮仪法 fifth wheel method第五轮仪 fifth wheel method光电屏障 photoelectric barrier发射器 transmitter接受器 receiver传感器 sensor振荡器 oscillator数字计时器 digital chronometer电磁束栏障 eelctromagnetic beam barrier单轴加速度计 uniaxial accelerometer三轴加速度计 triaxial accelerometer速度测量典型方法 typical methods of velocity measurement 多普勒效应法 doppler effect method运动波 wave in motion视在频率 apparent frequency发射波频率 emitted frequency环境介质 ambient medium电磁波 electromagnetic vaves超短波（厘米波） centimetric waves微波 micrometirc waves激光 laser模拟/数字（ A/D）转换器 analog/digital converter (A/D converter)模拟磁带记录器 analogue magnetic recorder数字式磁带记录器 digital magnetic recorder纸带记录器 paper tape recorder数据处理 data processing滤波 filtering数字化 digitalisation取样频率 sampling frequencies幅值分辨率 amplitude resolution光学数据通道 optical data channel失真指数 distortion index分析系统 analysis system扫描时基系统 time-base ssytem显象率 imaging rate试验标靶 test target电影摄影法 cinematographic procedure 高速电影摄影 high speed cinematorgrphy 高速摄影机 high speed camera胶片分析仪 film analysis system胶片颗粒 grain of the film摄影机 camera长焦距镜头 long focal lengh lenses摄像标志 photographic marks车载摄像机 on-board camera假人 dummy混合型假人 hybrid dummy仿真度 biofidelity Hyge滑车架 hyge sled fixture滑车 sled座椅 deceleration sled刚性座椅 rigid seat座椅调节器 seat adjuster上部躯体 upper torso骨盆 pelvis臀部 hip带约束系统 belt restraint ssytem斜挎肩带 shoulder belt (diagonal belt)强制风冷 forced-air cooling自然风冷 natural air cooling风道 air ducting润滑系 lubrication system润滑 lubrication气缸上部润滑 upper cylinder lubrication 压力润滑 pressure-feed lubrication压力润滑法 forced lubrication自动润滑 automatic lubrication飞溅润滑 splash lubrication润滑周期 lubrication interval边界润滑 borderline lubrication曲轴箱机油油盘 crankcase oil pan油底壳 oil pan机油盘放油塞 sump plug集油器 oil collector机油泵 oil pump计量式机油泵 metering oil pump齿轮式机油泵 gear type oil pump转子式机油泵 rotor-type oil pump机油泵出油管 oil pump outlet pipe放油口 oil drain hole油道 oil duct断油开关 cut-off cock机油散热器 oil cooler机油滤清器 oil filter机油粗滤器 primary oil filter机油精滤器 secondary oil filter全流式机油滤清器 full-flow oil filter分流式机油滤清器 by-pass oil filter离心式机油滤清器 centrifugal oil filter整体式滤芯 integral filtering element细滤器滤芯 filter element滤清器壳 filter box滤片 filtering disc机油减压器 oil pressure relief valve旁通阀 by-pass oil filter机油滤网 oil strainer加机油孔 oil filter cap滤芯轴 filter shaft刮片组件 cleaning edge机油量尺 dipstick机油滤网 oil strainer增压器 supercharger增压和扫气装置 pressure-charging and scavenging unit增压装置 supercharging device涡轮增压器 turbo-charger气波增压器 comprex pressure wave supercharger增压器阻风阀 supercharger blast gate增压器调节容气量的旁通阀 supercharger control bypass增压器叶轮 supercharger impeller惯性增压 inertia supercharging机械增压 mechanical supercharging涡轮增压 turbo-charging增压比 supercharge ratio增压压力 boost pressure增压中冷 inter-cooling中冷度 inter-cooling level增压度 supercharging level喘振 surge喘振线 surge line轴流式涡轮 axial-flow turbine脉冲进气 ram charging发动机试验 engine test发动机试验规程 engine test procedure发动机技术要求 engine technical requirements标准大气状况 standard atmospheric conditions大气压力 atmospheric pressure进气温度 inlet air temperature进气温度 inlet air temperature功率校正 power correction功率标定 power rating功率换算 power conversion校正系数 correction factor换算系数 performance test性能试验 performance test起动性能试验 starting ability test怠速试验 idle running test道路负荷试验 road load test各缸工作均匀性试验 cylinder variation test背压试验 back pressure test最低稳定工作转速试验 lowest continuous speed test with load背部泄漏试验 back-leakage test调整试验 adjustment test热平衡试验 heat balance test快速磨损试验 accelerated wear test热冲击试验 thermo-shock test空载特性试验 no-load characteristic test模拟增压试验 simulated supercharging test停缸试验 cylinder fuel-cut test增压机匹配试验 turbo-charger matching test 排气分析试验 exhaust analysis test突变负荷试验 sudden load change test稳定性试验 stability test单缸熄火试验 one cylinder shut off test例行检查试验 routine inspection test验证试验 verification test鉴定试验 approval test可靠性试验 reliability test耐久性试验 durability test定型试验 type approval test验收试验 acceptance test现场试验 field test出厂试验 delivery test抽查试验 spot check test复查试验 re-check test台架试验 bench test强化试验 hop-up test发动机试验台 engine test bed底盘测功机 chassis dynamometer测功机 dynamometer水力测功机 hydraulic dynamometer电涡流测功机 eddy current dynamometer电力测功机 electric dynamometer扭矩仪 torque meter转速表 tachometer温度测量 thermometry温度测量仪器 thermometric instruments空气流量测量 air flow measurement热线风速仪 hot wire anemometer电子示功仪 electronic indicator燃烧分析仪 combustion analyzer压力传感器 pressure transducer精密声级计 precision sound level meter排放 emission排放物 emission排气污染物 gaseous pollutant蒸发排放物 evaporative emission曲轴箱排放物 crankcase emission漏气 blowby gas氨氧化物 oxids of nitrogen一气化碳 carbon monoxide碳氢化合物 hydrocarbon甲烷 methane无甲烷碳氢化合物 non-methane hydrocarbons光化学活性碳氢化合物 photochemically reactive hydrocarbons 微粒物 particulated matter黑烟 black smoke蓝烟 blue smoke白烟 white smoke碳烟 soot光化学烟雾 smog臭味 odor丙烷 propane排放浓度 concentration of emission排气烟度 exhaust smoke先期排气 initial exhaust亚临界排气 subcritical exhaust超临界排气 supercritical exhaust强制排气 forced exhaust自由排气 free exhaust排气提前角 exhaust advance angle排气迟后角 exhaust lag angle排气热损失 exhaust heat loss排气净化 exhaust purification排气背压 exhaust back pressure残余废气 residual gas排气有害成分 poisonous exhaust composition柴油机排烟 diesel smoke综合排放浓度 composite concentration of exhaust emission综合排放质量 composite mass of exhaust emission排放系数 emission factor排放率 emission index质量排放量 mass emission比排放量 brake specific emission排放物控制系统 emission control system排气排放物控制系统 exhaust emission control system二次空气 secondary air二次空气分配歧管 secondary air distribution二次空气控制阀 secondary air control valve二次空气转换阀 secondary air switching valve二次空气转流阀 secondary air diverter valve二次空气喷射装置 secondary air injection system二次空气喷射管 secondary air injection tube二次空气喷射减速压阀 secondary air injection relief valve脉动空气装置 pulsating air system二次空气泵 secondary air pump曲轴箱排放物控制系统 crankcase emission control system曲轴箱双通风系统 crankcase closed system曲轴箱单通风系统 crankcase sealed system曲轴箱强制通风装置 positive crankcase ventilation PCV阀 PCV valve蒸发排放物控制系统 evaporative emission control system活性碳罐贮存装置 charcoal canister storage system活性碳罐 charcoal canister曲轴箱贮存装置 crankcase storage system空气滤清器贮存装置 air filter storage system燃油箱止回阀 fuel tank check valve油气分离器 fuel and vapor separator清除阀 furge valve催化转化系统 catalytic converting system催化燃烧分析仪 catalytic combustion analyzer催化剂 catalyst转化器 converter催化转化器 catalytic converter轴流式转化器 AXIAL FLOW TYPE CONVERTER 径流式转化器 RADIAL FLOW TYPE CONVERTER 下流式转化器 down flow type converter上流式转化器 up flow type converter双床式转化器 dual bed converter单床式转化器 single bed converter氧化型催化剂 oxidation catalyst还原型催化剂 reduction catalyst三元催化剂 three-way catalyst贵金属催化剂 noble metal catalyst普通金属催化剂 base metal catalyst稀土催化剂 rare earth catalyst催化剂耗损 catalyst attrition催化剂收缩 catalyst shrinkage催化剂中毒 catalyst poisoning比表面积 specific surface area空速 space velocity载体涂料 washcoat双重催化系统 dual -catalyst system催化箱 catalyst container载体 substrate整体式载体 monolithic substrate颗粒式载体 pelleted substrate转化效率 conversion efficiency熄灯温度 light-off temperature热态反应系统 thermal reacting system热反应器 thermal reactor反应式歧管 reactive manifold过热保护装置 over heating protection system过热警报装置 over heating warning system排气口衬套 exhaust port liner后燃器 after burner排气再循环系 EGR system排气再循环 exhaust gas recirculation节气门前 EGR系统 above throttle valve EGR system节气门后 EGR系统 below throttle valve EGR system空气比例式 EGR系统 air proportional EGR system负荷比例式 EGR系统 load proportional EGR system孔口真空控制式 EGR系统 ported vacuum controlled EGR system喉管真空控制式 EGR系统 venturi vacuum controlled EGR system。

汽车专业英语 wheeled loading shovel 铲运机(electromagnetic )emission （电磁）发射A Cluster Of Gears 齿轮组A release Yoke 分离叉abdc(after bottom dead center) 下止点后above throttle valve EGR system 节气门前 EGR 系统ABS 制动防抱死系统Absolute Pressure Sensor 绝对压力传感器（APS）absorber lined chamber 尖劈absorber lined chamber 吸波室absorbing clamp 吸收钳absorbing material 吸波材料accelerated wear test 快速磨损试验accelerating pump nozzle 加速泵喷嘴accelerating pump 加速泵accelerating well 加速油井acceleration performance 加速性能Accelerator Pedal 加速踏板（AP）acceptance test 验收试验accident cause 事故原因Accommodate 容纳/供给accumulator fuel injection pump 蓄能式燃油喷射泵accuracy 精度acid tanker 酸罐车acoustic and noise 声学和噪声acoustic capacitance 声容acoustic feedback 声反馈acoustic hood 隔声罩acoustic impedance 声阻抗acoustic resonator 共鸣器acoustic spectrum 声谱acoustic wave 声波acoustical analysis 声学分析acoustical conductivity 传声性acoustical coupling 声藕合acoustical efficiency 声效率acoustical engineering 声学工程acoustical filter 滤声器acoustical frequency 声频acoustical instrument 声学仪器acoustical level 声级acoustical mass 声质量acoustical power 声功率acoustical radiator 声幅射器acoustical reactance 声抗acoustical resistance 声阻acoustics 声学acoustimeter 声强计、比声计Actuate 开动/使动/操纵adaptive coefficient 适应性系数adaptor carburetor 化油器附加器adjustment test 调整试验aerodynamic resistance 空气阻力after burner 后燃器After Top dead Center 上止点后（ATDC）aging test 老化试验Air Charge Temperature 进气温度(ACT)air cleaner and intake and exhaust sytem 空气滤清器及进排气系统Air Cleaner 空气滤清器（ACL）Air Condition Clutch 空调离合器(ACC)Air Conditioning 空调(A/C)air consumption 空气消耗率air cushion restraint system(ACRS) 空气垫约束系统air deflector 空气导流板air ducting 风道air filter cover 空气滤清器盖air filter housing 空气滤清器壳体air filter storage system 空气滤清器贮存装置air filter 空气滤清器Air Flow Control 空气流量控制(AFC)air flow measurement 空气流量测量Air Flow Sensor 空气流量传感器(AFS)air fuel ratio 空燃比Air Injection (二次)空气喷射（AI）Air Injection valve 空气喷射阀（AIV）air inlet shutter 进气节气门air jet 空气量孔air proportional EGR system 空气比例式 EGR 系统air shutter 关气机/调风门/ 空气阀 /阻汽器Air Temperature Sensor 空气温度传感器（ATS）airbag 气囊air-cooled engine 风冷式发动机aircraft caterer's delivery truck 航空食品装运车aircraft tractor 飞机牵引车air-fuel ratio feedback control system 空燃比反馈控制系统Air-Fuel Ratio 空然比all wheel drive automobile 四轮驱动车辆Alternator 交流发电机（ALT）altitude compensating carburetor 高海拔补偿式化油器altitude compensating 海拔补偿altitude control 海拔控制器ambient medium 环境介质ambinocular vision field 两单眼视野ambulance (medical vehicle) 救护车amplitude modulation (AM) 调幅amplitude resolution 幅值分辨率analogue magnetic recorder 模拟磁带记录器analysis by weight method 重量分析法analysis measuring method and instrument 分析测定方法和仪器analysis system 分析系统analytical train 成套分析设备Anchor Pins 副连杆销anechoic chamber 隔音室angled 成角度的annular float 环形浮子annular slot nozzle 环槽式喷嘴antenna 天线anterior -posterior axis 前后轴Anti-Lock Braking System 防抱死制动系统（ABS）antipercolator 反湿气装置Antiskid 防滑装置A-pillar A 立柱apparent frequency 视在频率approach angle 接近角approval test 鉴定试验Arduous 陡峭的/艰巨的area ratio of combustion chamber p assage 通道面积比arithmetic average 算术平均值Articulate 接合articulated bus 铰接客车articulated connecting rod 活节式连杆articulated road train 铰接式道路列车artificial hand 模拟手artificial network(AN) 人工（电源）网络artmobile 流动艺术展览车As The name implies 顾名思义asphalt distribution truck 沥青洒布车asphalt pavement maintenance truck 沥青路面养护车assembled camshaft 组合式凸轮轴assembled crankshaft 组合式曲轴assembly chain tension adjuster 链条张紧调节装置assembly cleanliness 装配清洁度Assembly Line Communication Link 总装线测试插座（ALCL）Assembly Line Diagnostic Link 总装线诊断插座（ALDL）Assembly 总成at idle 怠速时atdc(after top dead cetner) 上止点后atmospheric pressure compensating 气压补偿atmospheric pressure 大气压力Attach 附着/附属/相连attenuator 衰减器Audio System 音响系统auto crash simulation test sled 汽车模拟碰撞滑车试验装置autocorrelaton function analyzer 自相关仪automatic choke 自动阻风门automatic lubrication 自动润滑Automatic Transmission Fluid 自动变速箱油液（ATF）Automatic Transmission 自动变速automobile assembly drawing 汽车总装配图automobile noise 汽车噪声automobile ride random input running test 汽车平顺性随机输入行驶试验automobile ride single pulse input running test 汽车平顺性单脉冲输入行驶试验autothermic piston 抗热变形活塞auxiliary air-valve 辅助空气阀axial flow fan 轴流式风扇AXIAL FLOW TYPE CONVERTER 轴流式转化器axial-flow turbine 轴流式涡轮axle load 轴荷back flush 逆向清洗back of ring 活塞环内表面back pressure test 背压试验Backbone 脊骨/支柱/骨干Backlash 反冲back-leakage test 背部泄漏试验backplate 后挡板/护板Back-up Light 倒车灯Baffle Plate 隔板/挡板bag analysis 袋式分析bag tethers 囊加强带bag 囊balance gas 平衡气balancer weight 平衡重Balt Stud 球销/球关节balun 平衡-不平衡转化器banjo type drive axle 琴式驱动桥bare chassis dry mass 净底盘干质量（空重）bare chassis kerb mass 净底盘自重Barometric Pressure Sensor 大气压力传感器（BP）barrel type tappet 筒形挺杆barrel 柱塞套barrier 壁障base flanged mounted fuel injection pump 底部突缘安装燃油喷射泵base metal catalyst 普通金属催化剂Basis 基础/基本原理/根据bathtub section combustion chamber 浴盆形燃烧室Battery Positive Voltage 蓄电池正极（B+）bbdc(before bottom dead center) 下止点前Be Applied to 施加于/应用于Be Coupled with 与…连接be pilot 小批量产品Be Subject To 受到…,承受Bearing Journal 支承轴颈beer-lambert law 比尔-朗伯定律Before Top dead Center 上止点前（BTDC）belleville spring 蝶形弹簧below throttle valve EGR system 节气门后 EGR 系统belt restraint system 带约束系统belt tensioner 传动带张紧装置bench test 台架试验bevelled-ege oil control ring 边缘坡口油环beverage tanker 食品液罐车bi-conical antenna 双锥天线bidirectional coupler 双向藕合器binocular obstruction 双眼障碍binocular vision field 双眼视野biofidelity 仿真度biomechanical response 生物力学响应black smoke 黑烟bleeding pipe 通气管Blow 熔断/打击blowby gas 漏气blower casing 风扇壳体blower impeller 风扇叶轮blower stator 风扇导流定子body length 货厢全长body work length 车身长度bonfire test 火烧试验boost pressure 增压压力booster /enhancer 助燃剂/增强剂booster venturi 化油器小喉管Booster 助力器Boot 小客车后部行李厢/胎垫borderline lubrication 边界润滑bore and stroke 缸径与行程bore 内径Bottom dead Center 下止点（BDC）Bottom Dead Center下止点bowl cover 燃油泵盖boxed rod 方形连杆bracing piece 斜撑Brake Assemblies 制动器总成Brake Band 制动带/刹车带brake horse power 制动功率brake mean effective pressure(bmep) 制动平均有效压力brake specific emission 量比排放brake thermal efficiency 制动热效率Branch back 退回break bulk cargo carrier 厢式零担运输车breakdown truck（公路事故或故障车辆的）急修车Breakerless Electronic Ignition System 无触点电子点火系统Break-out Box 中断盒broadband amplifier 宽带放大器broadband artificial network (BAN) 宽频人工（电源）网络broadband emission 宽带（电磁）发射Bronze Bushes 青铜衬套(轴瓦)budc(before upper dead center) 上止点前built-in (in-line)smokemeter 内装式烟度计Built-In 内建的/内部的/内置的bulk container 散货集装箱bulk current injection (BCI) 电流注入bulk-calcium carbide pneumatic delivery tanker 气卸散装电石粉车bulk-cement pneumatic delivery tanker 气卸散装水泥车bulk-chemicals pneumatic delivery tanker 气卸散装化学粉粒车bulk-coal powder pneumatic delivery tanker 气卸散装煤粉车bulk-flour pneumatic delivery tanker 气卸散装面粉车bulk-fodder transport truck 散装饲料运输车bulk-grain carrier 散装粮食运输车bull dozer 推土机bumper 保险杠Bumper 保险杠/缓冲器/减震器burst of pulses 群脉冲burst test 爆破试验bus transfer 车辆转移台bus with front engine 发动机前置式客车bus with rear engine 发动机后置式客车bus with under floor engine 发动机中置式客车bus with underfloor engine 发动机底置式客车bus 客车Bus 总线/母线bush 轴套Bushings 轴套/轴瓦/衬套by-pass oil filter 分流式机油滤清器Bypass valve 分流阀/旁通阀cab 驾驶室Cable Boom 线架cadaver drop test 尸体跌落试验cadaver impact test 尸体冲击试验cadaver sled test 尸体滑车试验calculation for layout 总布置设计calibrating gas 校正气calibrating screen 标定用遮光片calibration gas 标定气体cam angle 凸轮包角cam contour 凸轮轮廓cam follower 凸轮从动件cam nose 凸轮尖cam-lobe lift 凸轮升程camshaft bearing bush seat 凸轮轴轴承座camshaft bearing journal 凸轮轴轴颈camshaft bearing 凸轮轴轴承camshaft drive 凸轮轴驱动机构camshaft drive(gear)cover 定时齿轮室罩camshaft eccentric 凸轮轴偏心轮camshaft fuel injection pump 凸轮轴式燃油喷射泵camshaft gear wheel 凸轮轴齿轮Camshaft play 凸轮轴端隙camshaft sprocket 凸轮轴链轮camshaft timing gear 凸轮轴正时齿轮camshaft 凸轮轴canister /catridge 金属盒canister purge line 碳罐净化管cantilever 飞轮芯棒car transporter 车辆运输车caravan 旅居挂车/大篷车carbon equivalent 碳数当量carbon monoxide percent by volume 一氧化碳容积百分率carbon monoxide 一氧化碳carburetor adaptor 化油器接头carburetor circuit 化油器系统carburetor engine 化油器式发动机carburetor 化油器carburetor 化油器/汽化器cargo trailer 栏板货厢式挂车cargo-bus 客货两用车cast inblock (cast enblock) 整体铸造catalyst attrition 催化剂耗损catalyst container 催化箱catalyst poisoning 催化剂中毒catalyst shrinkage 催化剂收缩catalyst 催化剂catalytic combustion analyzer 催化燃烧分析仪catalytic converter 催化转化器Catalytic Converter 触媒转换器/（汽车等的）催化式排气净化器/催化转化器（CAT）catalytic converting system 催化转化系统cellular radiator 蜂窝式散热器Cellular 蜂窝式的/多孔的centered 对中centimetric waves 超短波（厘米波）central engine 中置式发动机Central Fuel Injection 中央燃油喷射（CFI）Central Multiport Fuel Injection 中央多点燃油喷射（CMFI）central spindle 芯轴central-located connecting rod 中心曲柄连杆机构centrifuagl method 离心法Centrifugal fan 离心式风扇centrifugal fan 离心式风扇centrifugal governor 离心调速器centrifugal inertia force 离心惯性力centrifugal oil filter 离心式机油滤清器chain drive 链传动机构chain sprocket 链轮盘chain tension gear 链条张紧轮Chamfer 切角面/锥角Change Gear 换档Changeover 转变channel frequency classes 频率级通道Channel 通道/孔道/槽charcoal canister storage system 活性碳罐贮存装置charcoal canister 活性碳罐Charge 充电(CHG)charge 充量（进气）charging stroke 充气行程chart of automotive model 汽车型谱chassis and cab dry mass 底盘与驾驶室干质量（空重) chassis and cab kerb mass 底盘与驾驶室自重chassis dynamometer 底盘测功机chassis frame useful length 车架有效长度chassis shuttle 底盘平移台chemiluminescent detector 化学发光检测器choke button 阻风门拉钮choke cable 阻风门拉线choke heater 阻风门加热器choke opener 阻风门开启器choke piston 阻风活塞choke plate 阻风板choke tube 阻风管choke valve 阻风门chrome plated piston ring 镀铬活塞环Cigarette Lighter 吸烟点火器cinematographic procedure 电影摄影法Circuit Breaker 断路器Circuit 电路/回路/循环circulating pump 循环泵clamp 夹子/夹紧clean diesel 无公害柴油clean work area 局部洁净区cleaner 清洗液cleaning edge 刮片组件cleanliness limit 清洁度限值cleanliness measurement room 清洁度检测室clinic car 病院汽车Clog 阻塞closed car 厢式小客车Closed Loop 闭环（CL）closed nozzle 闭式喷嘴closed ring 闭合环closed spray chamber 封闭喷射室closed-crankcase ventilating system 闭式曲轴箱通风装置Clutch Pressure Control　离合器压力控制（ＣＰＣ）co analyzer 一氧化碳分析仪coach 大客车Coast Clutch 单向离合器coastdown 滑行法coasting richer 强制怠速加浓装置Coasting 滑行/滑行距离/惯性运转coaxial cable 同轴电缆coefficient of excess air 过量空气系数coefficient of intensification 强化系数coefficient of light absorption (k) 光吸收系数coefficient of torque adaptibility 扭矩适应性系数coil spring loaded slotted oil control ring 螺旋弹簧加载双坡口油环Coil Spring 螺旋弹簧/圈弹簧cold manifold 冷式进气歧管collector 拼装台collision (crash,impact) 碰撞collision angle 碰撞角度collision axis alignment 碰撞轴线排列collision direction 碰撞方向color temperature 色温column 机柱Combination Meter 组合仪表combustion analyzer 燃烧分析仪combustion chamber volume 燃烧室容积Combustion Chamber 燃烧室commercial vehicle 商用车辆compact car 中级轿车compact diagnostic chamber 小型诊断室complete vehicle kerb mass 整车自重complete vehicle shipping mass 整车交运质量composite concentration of exhaust emission 综合排放浓度composite mass of exhaust emission 综合排放质量composite road train 混合式道路列车compound piston ring 组合式活塞环compressed natural gas vehicle 压缩天然气车辆compression chamber 压缩室compression ignition engine 压燃式发动机compression pressure 压缩压力Compression Rate 压缩比compression ratio 压缩比compression refuse collector 旋转板自装卸垃圾车Compression ring 压缩环/气环compression stroke 压缩行程comprex pressure wave supercharger 气波增压器computer aided deisgn(CAD) 计算机辅助设计Computer Controlled Coil Ignition 计算机控制点火（C3I）concave head piston 凹顶活塞Concave 凹的/凹面的concealed fastening 隐藏式固定concentration of emission 排放浓度concentric float 同心式浮子concentric piston ring 同心活塞环Concentric 同心的/同轴的concrete mixer truck 混凝土搅拌车condensate trap 凝水分离器Conical 圆锥形connecting rod bearing 连杆轴承connecting rod cap 连杆盖connecting rod shank 连杆杆身connecting rod small end 连杆小头connecting rod 曲柄连杆机构connecting rod 连杆connnecting rod big end 连杆大头constant clearance piston 不变间隙活塞constant pressrue exhaust manifold 等压排气歧管constant pressure cycle 等压循环constant purge line 恒量净化管constant volume cycle 定容循环constant volume sampling (CVS) 定容取样法constant volume unloading 等容卸载construction machinery transporter 工程机械运输车Contact 接触/连接container carrier 集装箱运输货车contaminate 玷污Contra-rotating rears 反转齿轮control linkage 控制杆系controlled combustion system 控制燃烧系统conversion efficiency 转化效率conversion factor 换算系数conversion factor 换算系数Conversion 转换/变换converter 转化器convertible saloon 活顶轿车Convex 凸的/凸面的/凸圆的coolant 冷却剂cooling air 冷却用空气cooling fin 散热片cooling recovery system 循环流冷却系cooling system 冷却系coordination system(axissystem) 坐标系corrected for CO2 extraction 二氧化碳干扰校正correction factor 校正系数correction factor 校正系数correction of motion 运动校核corrosion-resistance 抗腐蚀性Counter-ba;anced weight 平衡重量/平衡块coupe 小型轿车coupling path 藕合路径cradle mounted injection pump 框架安装式燃油喷射泵crane/lift truck 起重/举升汽车crank angle 曲柄转角Crank arm 曲柄臂crank pin 曲柄销crank 曲柄crankcase bleed pipe 曲轴箱通风管crankcase breather 曲轴箱通气口crankcase closed system 曲轴箱双通风系统crankcase door 曲轴箱检查孔盖crankcase emission control system 曲轴箱排放物控制系统crankcase emission 曲轴箱排放物crankcase explosion proof door 曲轴箱防爆门crankcase oil pan 曲轴箱机油油盘crankcase sealed system 曲轴箱单通风系统crankcase storage system 曲轴箱贮存装置Crankcase 曲轴箱crankshaft front end 曲轴前端crankshaft main journal 曲轴主轴颈crankshaft oil passage 曲轴油道Crankshaft Position sensor 曲轴位置传感器（CPS）crankshaft sprocket 曲轴链轮crankshaft thrust bearing 曲轴止推轴承crankshaft 曲轴Crash Sensor 碰撞传感器crash sensor 碰撞传感器crash simulation test set-up 撞车模拟装置crash site 撞车地点critical compression ratio 临界压缩比critical flow venturi 临界流量文杜里管cross head engine 十字头型发动机crossmodulation 交调crown head piston(convex head pist on) 凸顶活塞Cruise Control System 巡航控制系统current probe 电流探头cushion 垫cut-off cock 断油开关cylinder block and head 气缸体和气缸盖cylinder block fin 缸体散热片cylinder block frame 气缸体机架Cylinder Block 气缸体cylinder bore 缸径cylinder bore 缸径cylinder capacity 气缸容量cylinder clearance volume 气缸余隙容积cylinder fuel-cut test 停缸试验cylinder head fin 缸盖散热片cylinder head gasket 气缸盖垫片cylinder head ring gasket 气缸盖密封环cylinder head 气缸盖Cylinder Identification Sensor 气缸传感器（CID）Cylinder Jacket 气缸套cylinder liner(cylinder sleeve) 气缸套cylinder spacer 气缸体隔片cylinder variation test 各缸工作均匀性试验cylinder wall 气缸壁cylindrical fuel injection pump 圆柱式燃油喷射泵dampling chamber 阻尼室dash board 仪表板Dashboard 仪表板/车辆的挡泥板Data Link Connector 数据传递插接器（ＤＬＣ）data processing 数据处理dead center 止点dead volume 死区容积deceleration control system 减速控制装置deceleration sled 座椅deceleration spark advance control 减速点火提前控制装置decibel(dB) 分贝declared working condition 额定工况Deflection 挠曲/变形/变位deflector 导流板DEFOG 除霜Defogger System 除雾器系统deformation 变形Deformation 变形/扭曲/畸变/失真degradation of performance 性能降低degree wheel 角度轮deliver 运送/输送/传递delivery ratio 给气比delivery test 出厂试验delivery valve 输出阀Delta 增量demonstration car 展览汽车demountable tanker carrier 背罐车departure angle 离出角derating power 减额功率derrick transporter 井架运输车Descending 下行/下降/向下desensitization 灵敏度降低design assignment 设计任务书design for finite life 有限寿命设计detector 检波器deterioration factor(DF) 劣化系数（DF）Detonation Sensor 爆燃传感器(DS)developing V points and P points 派生 V 点和 P 点device for power absorption 功率吸收装置device under test(DUT) 在试设备diagnosis and alarming system 诊断报警系统Diagnostic Truble Code 诊断故障代码（ＤＴＣ）diagnostic module 诊断组件Diagnostic test mode 诊断测试模式（ＤＴＭ）diagonal safety belt 腰带式安全带diaphragm fuel supply pump 膜片式燃油泵diesel cycle 狄塞尔循环diesel engine 柴油机diesel gas engine 柴油煤气机diesel smoke measuring instrument 柴油机排烟测定仪器diesel smoke 柴油机排烟Differential 差速器 (DIFF)diffused light 散射光diffuser (inflator) 增压器digital chronometer 数字计时器digital magnetic recorder 数字式磁带记录器digitalisation 数字化diluted exhaust 稀释排气dilution air 稀释用空气dilution factor 稀释系数dilution tunnel 稀释风道dilution 稀释Diminish 减少/缩小/衰减dipole antenna 偶极子天线dipstick 机油量尺Dipstick 油尺/水(油)位指示器Direct Fuel Injection 直接燃油喷射(DFI)direct injection engine 直接喷射式柴油机direct light ray 直接光线direct sampling method 直接取样法direct valve gear 直接式气门驱动机构direct vesion field 直接视野direct-cooled piston 直接冷却式活塞direction of principal force(PDOF) 主要力方向direction of rotation 旋转方向directional coupler 定向藕合器dirty solution 混浊液disassembly cleanliness 解体清洁度Discharge Warning Light 放电警告灯Disengage 解开/使脱离Disengagement 释放/脱离/断开displacement 排气量/气缸工作容积displacement 排气量display surface 显示表面distance between jaw and front end of towing vehicle 牵引叉销至车辆前端的距离distance between towing device and front end of towing vehicle 牵引装置至车辆前端的距离distance of towing attachment 牵引装置牵距distortion index 失真指数Distortion 扭曲/变形distributor fuel injection pump 分配式燃油喷射泵Distributor Ignition 分电器点火(DI)Distributorless Ignition 无分电器点火(DLI)distrubance source 干扰源disturbance field strength 骚扰场强disturbance power 骚扰功率disturbance suppression 骚扰抑制diurnal breathing losses 昼间换气损失divided combustion chamber 分开式燃烧室dome head piston 圆顶活塞dominant 支配的/统治的door height 门高Door Lock Control System 门锁控制系统door width 门宽doppler effect method 多普勒效应法dosage valve piston 剂量阀活塞double & triple venturi 双重或三重喉管double bevelled oil control ring 双坡口油环double road train 双挂式道路列车Double-Acting Vane pump 双作用式叶片泵double-deck bus 双层客车down flow type converter 下流式转化器down stroke 下行程downdraught carburetor 下吸式化油器Downshift 减速downtime 停机时间downwards angle of visibility 下视角drag 牵引/拉/制动/障碍物/阻力drain plug 放油螺塞drain valve 排水阀Drainage 排水系统drawbar length 牵引杆长dribble 滴油drift 漂移Drive line 动力传递系统/驱动系统Drive Shaft Brakes 驱动轴制动器driver aid 行驶监视仪driveshaft fuel injection pump 驱动轴式燃油喷射泵driving cycle 行驶循环Driving Stability 操纵稳定性drop head coupe 敞蓬小轿车drop test 跌落试验dry cargo container 干货集装箱dry cylinder liner 干式缸套dual bed converter 双床式转化器dual -catalyst system 双重催化系统dual engine drive 双发动机并联传动dual overhead camshaft engine 双顶置凸轮轴发动机dual valve 双气门duct 通风口Due To High Mileage 由于长途行驶duel fuel engine 双燃料发动机duel fuel vehicle 双燃料车辆dummy lamp 模拟灯dummy 假人dumper trailer 自卸式挂车durability test 耐久性试验Duralumin 硬铝/杜拉铝dust car (refuse collector) 垃圾车dynamic balancer 动平衡机dynamic or continuous sampling 动态或连续取样法dynamic phase 动态相位Dynamic 动态的/不断变化的dynamometer 测功机e-/h-generator 电场/脉冲发生器earth-coupled interference 地藕合干扰eccentric piston ring 偏心活塞环eccentric shaft 偏心轴ECE 15-mode test cycle 欧洲ECE 十五工况法economic speed 经济转速economizer valve 省油器阀economizer 省油器eddy current dynamometer 电涡流测功机edible oil pump delivery tanker 食用植物油加油车edible oil tanker 食用植物油运油汽车effective filter area 滤纸有效面积effective interpupillary width 有效瞳孔距effective length 有效长度effective optical path length(L) 光通道有效长度effective path length of light ray 光线有效通过长度effective stroke 有效行程effective thermal efficiency 有效热效率EGR control valve EGR 控制阀EGR cooler EGR 冷却器EGR gas 再循环排气EGR pressure regulator EGR 调压阀EGR rate 再循环排气率EGR system 排气再循环系Elaborate 复杂的/精心制作的Elasticity 伸缩性/弹性electric dynamometer 电力测功机electric vehicle 电动车辆electric wheel 电动轮Electrical Load detector 电子负载检测器(ELD)electrical response time 电气响应时间electrical transmission 电传动electric-assisted choke 电控自动阻风门electromagnetic beam barrier 电磁束栏障electromagnetic compatibility(EMC) 电磁环境兼容性electromagnetic disturbance 电磁骚扰（现象）electromagnetic environment 电磁环境electromagnetic interference 电磁干扰electromagnetic interference 电磁干扰试验electromagnetic noise 电磁噪声electromagnetic radiation 电磁辐射electromagnetic susceptibility(EMS) 电磁敏感度electromagnetic waves 电磁波Electronic Automatic Transmission 电控自动变速器 (EATX)electronic concentrated engine control system 发动机电子集中控制系统Electronic Control Assembly 电子控制总成 (ECA)Electronic Control Sestem电控系统Electronic Control Unit 电控单元electronic controlled carburetor 电子控制化油器electronic controlled EGR system 电子控制式 EGR 系统electronic crash sensor 电子碰撞传感器electronic fuel injection system 电子燃油喷射系统Electronic Fuel Injection 电控燃油喷射 (EFI)Electronic Fuel metering System 电子燃油计量系统electronic indicator 电子示功仪electronic pieces 电子器件electrostatic discharge(ESD) 静电放电elementary carburetor 简单化油器emission排放/排放物emission concentration limits 浓度排放限值emission control system 排放物控制系统emission factor 排放系数emission index 排放率emission limits 排放限值emission performance 排放性能emitted frequency 发射波频率end flange-mounted fuel injection pump 端部突缘安装式燃油喷射泵end outline 前视轮廓energizing spring 上紧弹簧energy chamber 空气室Engine Control 发动机控制 (EC)engine block stiffening rib 气缸体加强筋engine bonnet 发动机罩Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor 发动机水温传感器（CTS）engine displacement 发动机排量engine holding frame 发动机托架engine performance 发动机性能engine speed (rotational frequency) 发动机转速engine technical requirements 发动机技术要求engine test bed 发动机试验台engine test procedure 发动机试验规程engine test 发动机试验envelope 包容线environmental simulation test 环境模拟试验equivalent inertia 当量惯量equivalent shaft length 当量轴长equivalent system 当量系统estate car (estate) 客货两用小客车evaporative emission control system 蒸发排放物控制系统evaporative emission 蒸发排放物Excess Air ratio 过量空气系数excess fuel device 加浓器exchange-compression stroke 换气压缩行程Exciter 激励器/励磁机/激活剂exhaust advance angle 排气提前角exhaust analysis test 排气分析试验exhaust back pressure 排气背压exhaust cam 排气凸轮exhaust crossover 排气横跨管道exhaust emission control system 排气排放物控制系统exhaust emission suction system 废气排气系统exhaust extraction duct 排气抽气管Exhaust gas analyzer 废气分析仪exhaust gas collection equipment 排气收集系统Exhaust Gas Oxygen Sensor 氧传感器 (EGOS)Exhaust Gas Recirculation 废气再循环 (EGR)exhaust gas recirculation 排气再循环exhaust -gas-recirculation 排气再循环阀exhaust heat loss 排气热损失exhaust lag angle 排气滞后角exhaust manifold heat control valve 排气歧管热量控制阀exhaust manifold 排气歧管Exhaust pipe 排气管exhaust port liner 排气口衬套exhaust port 排气口exhaust pressure controlled EGR system 排气压力控制式 EGR 系统exhaust purification 排气净化exhaust silencer 排气消声器exhaust smoke 排气烟度exhaust stroke 排气行程exhaust valve lifter 排气门挺杆exhaust 排气Exhaust 排气 (EX)expander 涨环Expander 膨胀器/扩张器expansion plug 膨胀塞expansion ratio 膨胀比expansion stroke 膨胀行程expansion tank 涨溢箱expansion-exchange stroke 膨胀换气行程explosion chamber 爆发室explosion stroke 爆炸行程external immunity 外部抗扰性extra heavy off- road vehicle 超重型越野车eye point (E point) 眼点（E 点）eyellipse center 眼椭圆中心eyellipse locating line 眼椭圆定位线eyellipse template 眼椭圆模板eyellipse 眼椭圆factor of weight utilizaton 重量利用系数Fade 逐渐失灵/衰减/减弱/调节器fairground vehicle 博览会专用车fan blade 风扇叶片Fan Control 风扇控制 (FC)fan cowl 风扇导流罩fan hub 风扇毂fan pulley 风扇皮带轮fan shroud 风扇护罩fan(blower) 风扇farm vehicle 农用车fatal and severe accidenet 死亡和重伤事故feed pump 输油泵Feed 供应feedback control 反馈控制fender 翼板F-engine F 形发动机fft analyzer FFT——快速傅里叶变换）分析仪fiber optic links 光导纤维电缆field generator 场强发生器field monitoring equipment 磁场控制器field strength 磁场强度field test 现场试验field 磁场fifth wheel lead for calculation of length 长度计算用牵引座前置距fifth wheel lead for calculation of mass distribution 质量分配用牵引座前置距fifth wheel lead 牵引座(转向轮)前置距fifth wheel method 五轮仪法fifth wheel method 第五轮仪fill control system 注油控制装置filler tube 加油管fillet 圆角film analysis system 胶片分析仪film core 之字形管散热器芯film projection vehicle 电影放映车filter assembly 过滤器总成filter box 滤清器壳filter cell 滤光室filter element 滤清器滤芯filter membrance 滤膜filter paper disc or membrane 滤纸盘或膜filter seal ring 滤清器密封圈filter shaft 滤芯轴filter smoke number (FSN) 滤纸式烟度单位filter type smokemeter 滤纸式烟度计Filter 过滤器/滤清器filtering disc 滤片filtering 滤波filter-type measuring apparatus 滤纸式测试仪filtration 过滤fin and tube core 管-片式散热器芯Fin 散热片/(铸件)周缘翅片final assembly 总装finned radiator 片式散热器fire extinguishing system 消防系统fire pumper 救火泵车fire service commanding car 消防指挥车fire tanker 消防水罐车fire 火灾fire-extinguishing foam tanker 泡沫消防车fire-extinguishing water tanker水罐消防车fire-fighting truntable ladder 云梯消防车fire-fighting vehicle 消防车fixed venturi carburetor 固定喉管式化油器flame ionization ditector 氢火焰离子化检测器flanged-mounted injection nozzle holder 突缘安装喷油器壳体flat head piston 平顶活塞flat platform trailer 平板式挂车flat rack container 框架集装箱Flat 平的/平坦的float arm 浮子臂float hinge pin 浮子支销float level 浮子油面float needle valve 浮子针阀float system 浮子系float 浮子floating coat 中涂flood lighting vehicle 照明车flowmeter 流量计flyball governor 飞球式调速器flyweight 提前器飞锤flywheel cover 飞轮壳flywheel mark 飞轮标记flywheel moment of inertia 飞轮的惯量矩flywheel ring gear 飞轮齿圈flywheel spindle 飞轮芯轴flywheel stored energy transmission system 飞轮蓄能传动系foam vehicle 泡沫灭火车Fog Light System 雾灯系统forced exhaust 强制排气forced lubrication 压力润滑法forced-air cooling 强制风冷forced-feed water circulation system 强制循环式化冷系统fork-and-blade connecting rod 叉形连杆fork-type loading (unlaod)machine 叉式装货机forward control passenger car 短头轿车four-barrel carburetor 四腔化油器four-stroke cycle 四冲程循环frame free length 车架自由长度free acceleraton method 自由加速法free exhaust 自由排气free ring 自由环freeze plug 防冻塞frequency step sizes 频率级规格frequency analyzer 频率分析仪frequency response test 频率响应时间试验frequency response 频率响应fresh charge 吸入的新鲜混合气front drive automobile 前驱动汽车front exhaust pipefront fitting radius of semi-trailer 半挂车前回转半径front overhang 前悬front wall angle cover 前围角板frontal collision (frontal impact) 正碰撞front-engine 前置式发动机fuel and vapor separator 油气分离器fuel consumption 燃油消耗量fuel control system 燃油控制系统fuel control unit 油量调节装置fuel delivery per cycle 循环供油量fuel delivery 供油量fuel discharge port 出油口接头fuel equivalence ratio 燃料当量比fuel feed hole 进油孔fuel filter 燃油滤清器fuel gallery 燃油通道fuel gauge 燃油表Fuel Injection Air 燃油喷射进气 (FIA)fuel injection beginning 喷油始点fuel injection duration angle 喷油持续角fuel injection end 喷油终点fuel injection equipment 燃油喷油装置Fuel Injection 燃油喷射fuel inlet neck 进油口接头fuel level gauge 油位表Fuel Lid Opener System 燃油加油口盖开启系统fuel pump base 燃油泵下体fuel pump body 燃油泵上体fuel pump 燃油泵fuel return valve assembly 回油阀部件fuel supply advance angle 供油提前角fuel supply rate curve 供油规律fuel supply rate 供油率fuel system 供油系fuel tank check valve 燃油箱止回阀fuel tank 燃油箱fuel tanker 运油车fuel vapor recovery system 燃油蒸气回收系统Fulcrum 支点/支轴/支柱full flow opacimeter 全流式烟度计full flow sampling 全流取样法full load method 全负荷法full load 全负荷full range A/C 全天候空调系统full scale 全量程full trailer 全挂车full-floating piston pin 全浮式活塞销full-flow oil filter 全流式机油滤清器full-flow smokemeter 全流式烟度计full-trailer towing vehicle 全挂牵引汽车function performance status classificaton (FPSC) 功效性能状况分类fundamental (component) 基波（分量）galvanized plate 镀锌板gas chromatograph 气相色谱仪gas composition test 气体成分试验gas engine 煤气机gas exchange process 换气过程gas generant 气体发生剂gas tightness 气密性gaseous pollutant 排气污染物gasoline engine 汽油机gasoline feed pipe 汽油供给管gasoline tank( petrol tank) 汽油箱gasoline-injection engine 汽油喷射式汽油机gas-tight collection bag 不透气收集袋Gauge 仪表gear Shift Mechanism 换档机构gear drive 齿轮传动机构gear fuel supply pump 齿轮式输油泵Gear Train 齿轮传动系gear type oil pump 齿轮式机油泵general -purpose vehicle 通用货车generating radius 创成半径（转子机）geometric fuel delivery stroke 几何供油行程GER filter EGR 过滤器glass pack muffler 玻璃丝消声器Globoid 球状的/球状体governor control characteristics 调速特性governor weight 调速器重锤governor 调速器grade ability 爬坡能力grain of the film 胶片颗粒gravity circulation water cooling system 温差循环液冷却系统Grease Fitting 黄油嘴grit test method 磨料试验法。